CN213577505U - Incinerator secondary combustion chamber smoke temperature self-adjusting system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a flue gas temperature self-adjusting system of a secondary combustion chamber of an incinerator, which comprises a secondary combustion chamber and a flue gas cooling device; the device also comprises a smoke temperature self-regulation control device, a circulating backflow smoke device and a sensor arranged on the first flue, and/or the second combustion chamber, and/or the second flue; the circulating backflow flue gas device comprises a main backflow flue, at least one branch backflow flue connected with the secondary combustion chamber and/or the first flue and/or the second flue, and a flow regulating valve arranged on the branch backflow flue; each flow regulating valve and each sensor are respectively and electrically connected with the smoke temperature self-adjusting control device. The utility model discloses can realize the automatically regulated and the control to the inside cigarette temperature of second combustion chamber and burning air-fuel ratio and second combustion chamber export cigarette temperature.

Description

Incinerator secondary combustion chamber smoke temperature self-adjusting system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of burn the system, concretely relates to burn burning furnace second combustion chamber gas temperature self-interacting system.

Background

The hazardous waste incineration system, the waste incineration system and the smelting furnace system can generate a large amount of toxic and harmful flue gas in the combustion process, the harmful flue gas needs to be incinerated again in a secondary combustion chamber at high temperature, and is discharged after reaching the standard through cooling and flue gas purification. The control of the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber, the control of the combustion air-fuel ratio, the control of the smoke components and the control of the smoke temperature and components before entering the waste heat boiler are particularly critical in the whole process, and reasonable indexes of the combustion temperature and the air-fuel ratio can ensure that the environmental emission reaches the standard, particularly the emission of dioxin reaches the standard, and can solve the problem of safe and stable operation of the secondary combustion chamber and the waste heat boiler.

However, for the existing large number of burning systems in use, the design of the body structure of the secondary combustion chamber and the temperature control means are single, for example, the secondary combustion chamber for burning hazardous wastes disclosed in CN 207849382U increases the turbulence force of airflow inside the secondary combustion chamber mainly by changing the structural shape of the secondary combustion chamber, avoids local overfiring to control the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber, and further improves the stability and reliability of the equipment. For another example, CN 206648043U discloses an air distribution structure of a secondary combustion chamber of a hazardous waste incineration system, which also solves the problem of incomplete combustion in the secondary combustion chamber by changing the air inlet direction, angle and flow rate to improve the airflow turbulence of the secondary combustion chamber and improve the residence time of the flue gas.

However, the secondary combustion chamber of the existing incineration system lacks an automatic adjusting means for secondary air quantity and backflow flue gas quantity, the adjusting mode of combustion air-fuel ratio is mostly realized by fixing the combustion state and the flow of a secondary fan, the control of combustion temperature is mostly realized by adopting a water cooling or air mixing cooling mode, and secondary air subsection air supply and low-temperature flue gas circulation backflow are not adopted to adjust the secondary combustion chamber and the flue gas temperature of a pipeline connecting the secondary combustion chamber and a waste heat boiler. The problem of fluctuation and deterioration of the temperature of the fuel chamber and the combustion condition cannot be fundamentally solved. The fluctuation of the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber and the fluctuation of the smoke components are a very complicated process, the temperature and the smoke components can change due to the change of the incineration feeding amount, the combustion-supporting air amount and the incineration material components, the temperature and the smoke components can fluctuate in the operation process, and the smoke temperature of the secondary combustion chamber and a connecting pipeline between the secondary combustion chamber and the waste heat boiler cannot be effectively controlled by the conventional temperature adjusting means. For the reasons, the temperature control technology of the existing incineration secondary combustion chamber needs to be improved urgently so as to solve the problems of incineration safety and environmental protection.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing an burn burning furnace second combustion chamber gas temperature self-interacting system can realize the automatically regulated and the control to second combustion chamber inside and second combustion chamber export gas temperature.

The utility model discloses an incinerator secondary combustion chamber smoke temperature self-regulating system, which comprises a secondary combustion chamber and a smoke cooling device, wherein the secondary combustion chamber is connected with an incinerator through a first flue, and the secondary combustion chamber is also connected with the smoke cooling device through a second flue; the method is characterized in that: the device also comprises a smoke temperature self-regulation control device, a circulating backflow smoke device and a sensor arranged on the first flue, and/or the second combustion chamber, and/or the second flue;

the circulating reflux flue gas device comprises a main reflux flue, at least one first branch reflux flue connected with a secondary combustion chamber and the main reflux flue, and a first flow regulating valve arranged on the first branch reflux flue, and/or at least one second branch reflux flue connected with the first flue and the main reflux flue, and a second flow regulating valve arranged on the second branch reflux flue, wherein the inlet end of the main reflux flue is connected to any position behind a flue gas cooling device and in front of a tail gas discharge port to extract low-temperature flue gas;

each first flow regulating valve and/or each second flow regulating valve and each sensor are respectively and electrically connected with a smoke temperature self-adjusting control device, and the smoke temperature self-adjusting control device controls the opening degree of the first flow regulating valve and/or the second flow regulating valve according to the smoke temperature detected by the sensors so as to adjust the low-temperature smoke volume entering the first flue and/or the second combustion chamber;

the smoke temperature self-adjusting control device comprises a control module, a data processing module, a display recording module and a communication module which are respectively and electrically connected with the control module; the display recording module is used for displaying monitoring data and operating data of the system in real time; the communication module uploads monitoring data and operating data to a data center in a wireless or wired mode; the control module is used for controlling the opening degree of each first flow regulating valve and/or each second flow regulating valve; the data processing module is used for collecting and processing signals output by the sensor.

Furthermore, the circulating backflow flue gas device also comprises at least one third branch backflow flue connected with the second flue and the main backflow flue, and a third flow regulating valve is arranged on the third branch backflow flue; each third flow regulating valve is electrically connected with the smoke temperature self-adjusting control device, and the smoke temperature self-adjusting control device controls the opening of the third flow regulating valve according to the smoke temperature detected by the sensor so as to adjust the amount of the returned smoke entering the second flue.

Further, the secondary air intake device is arranged on the first branch return flue and/or the second combustion chamber.

Further, the secondary air inlet device comprises an air inlet pipeline and a fourth flow regulating valve arranged on the air inlet pipeline; the fourth flow regulating valve is electrically connected with the smoke temperature self-adjusting control device, and the smoke temperature self-adjusting control device controls the opening of the fourth flow regulating valve according to the concentration of carbon monoxide and oxygen detected by the sensor so as to adjust the air quantity entering the second combustion chamber.

Furthermore, the secondary air inlet device also comprises a second air supply device which sends air into the air inlet pipeline, and the second air supply device is electrically connected with the smoke temperature self-adjusting control device; the second air feeder is a fan or an air compressor.

Furthermore, a first grading air inlet device is arranged at the outlet end of the first flow regulating valve, and comprises a first multi-way valve and a plurality of first branch pipelines which are respectively connected with the outlet ends of the first multi-way valve in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the first multi-way valve is electrically connected with the smoke temperature self-adjusting control device;

the outlet end of the second flow regulating valve is provided with a second grading air inlet device, the second grading air inlet device comprises a second multi-way valve and a plurality of second branch pipelines which are respectively connected with the outlet ends of the second multi-way valve in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the second multi-way valve is electrically connected with the smoke temperature self-adjusting control device;

the outlet end of the third flow regulating valve is provided with a third grading air inlet device, the third grading air inlet device comprises a third multi-way valve and a plurality of third branch pipelines which are respectively connected with the outlet ends of the third multi-way valve in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the third multi-way valve is electrically connected with the smoke temperature self-adjusting control device;

the outlet end of the fourth flow regulating valve is provided with a fourth stepped air inlet device, the fourth stepped air inlet device comprises a fourth multi-way valve and a plurality of fourth branch pipelines which are respectively connected with the outlet ends of the fourth multi-way valve in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the fourth multi-way valve is electrically connected with the smoke temperature self-adjusting control device; the fourth branch stage air inlet device is connected with the first branch return flue and/or the second combustion chamber, and secondary air and return flue gas are mixed and then enter the second combustion chamber through the first branch return flue and/or directly enter the second combustion chamber.

Furthermore, circulation backward flow flue gas device still includes and is used for sending into the first air-supply blower of main return flue with low temperature flue gas, first air-supply blower is connected with smoke temperature self-interacting controlling means electricity, first air-supply blower is the fan or is the ejector.

Further, the flue gas cooling device is one or a combination of a waste heat boiler, an air preheater, an air cooler and a direct spray cooler.

And the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a secondary combustion chamber, and the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a smoke temperature self-adjusting control device.

Further, the sensors installed at the first flue include an oxygen sensor, a carbon monoxide sensor, and a temperature sensor; the sensors installed at the second combustion chamber comprise an oxygen sensor, a carbon monoxide sensor and a temperature sensor; the sensors mounted on the second flue include an oxygen sensor and a temperature sensor.

The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: the utility model can realize the automatic regulation and control of the smoke temperature in the secondary combustion chamber and the combustion air-fuel ratio and the smoke temperature at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber; the problems that the body of the secondary combustion chamber is damaged due to overtemperature caused by temperature fluctuation of the secondary combustion chamber, combustion is incomplete due to the fact that the combustion temperature is lower than the standard requirement, and the emission of harmful substances such as dioxin exceeds the standard are solved. The problem of high-temperature corrosion of the waste heat boiler can be avoided, and the operation stability and reliability of the incineration system are obviously enhanced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a smoke temperature self-regulation control device in one embodiment to ten embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the fifth embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the seventh embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the eighth embodiment

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the ninth embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the tenth embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a functional block diagram of the tenth embodiment;

in the figure: 1. the system comprises an incinerator, 2, a second grading air supply device, 3, a first flue, 4, a sensor, 5, a afterburning burner, 6, a fourth grading air supply device, 7, a fourth flow regulating valve, 8, an air inlet pipeline, 9, a second air blower, 10, a second combustion chamber, 11, a third grading air supply device, 12, a second flue, 13, a first grading air supply device, 14, a flue gas cooling device, 15, a third flue, 16, a flue gas purification device, 17, an induced draft fan, 18, a first air blower, 19, a main return flue, 20, a third branch return flue, 21, a first branch return flue, 22, a second branch return flue, 23, a second flow regulating valve, 24, a first flow regulating valve, 25, a third flow regulating valve, 26 and a flue gas temperature self-regulating and controlling device.

Detailed Description

The present embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example one

In the embodiment, the flue gas temperature self-regulating system of the second combustion chamber of the incinerator comprises a second combustion chamber 10 and a flue gas cooling device 14, wherein the second combustion chamber 10 is connected with the incinerator 1 through a first flue 3, and the second combustion chamber 10 is also connected with the flue gas cooling device 14 through a second flue 12; the device also comprises a smoke temperature self-regulation control device 26, a circulating smoke returning device and a sensor 4 arranged on the first flue 3, or the second combustion chamber 10, or the second flue 12. The circulation backflow flue gas device comprises a main backflow flue 19, a first branch backflow flue 21 and a first flow regulating valve 24, wherein the first branch backflow flue 21 is connected with the secondary combustion chamber 10 and the main backflow flue 19, the first flow regulating valve 24 is arranged on the first branch backflow flue 21, or a second branch backflow flue 22 is connected with the first flue 3 and the main backflow flue 19, the second flow regulating valve 23 is arranged on the second branch backflow flue 22, and the inlet end of the main backflow flue 19 is connected to any position behind the flue gas cooling device 14 and in front of a tail gas discharge port to extract low-temperature flue gas.

If the flue gas recirculation device only comprises the main return flue 19, the first branch return flue 21 connecting the secondary combustion chamber 10 and the main return flue 19, and the first flow regulating valve 24 arranged on the first branch return flue 21, the first flow regulating valve 24 and each sensor 4 are respectively electrically connected with the flue gas temperature self-regulating control device 26, the sensor 4 transmits the detected flue gas data (including the flue gas temperature) to the flue gas temperature self-regulating control device 26 in real time, and the flue gas temperature self-regulating control device 26 controls the opening of the first flow regulating valve 24 according to the flue gas temperature detected by the sensor 4 so as to regulate the low-temperature flue gas amount entering the secondary combustion chamber 10. The number of the first branch return flues 21 may be one or multiple, and each first branch return flue 21 is provided with a first flow regulating valve 24.

If the circulating reflux flue gas device only comprises the main reflux flue 19, the second branch reflux flue 22 connected with the first flue 3 and the main reflux flue 19 and the second flow regulating valve 23 arranged on the second branch reflux flue 22, the second flow regulating valve 23 and each sensor 4 are respectively electrically connected with the flue gas temperature self-regulating control device 26, the sensor 4 transmits the detected flue gas data (including the flue gas temperature) to the flue gas temperature self-regulating control device 26 in real time, and the flue gas temperature self-regulating control device 26 controls the opening of the second flow regulating valve 23 according to the flue gas temperature detected by the sensor 4 so as to regulate the low-temperature flue gas amount entering the first flue 3. The number of the second branch return flues 22 may be one or multiple, and each second branch return flue 22 is provided with a second flow regulating valve 23.

In this embodiment, the smoke temperature self-adjusting control device 26 includes a control module, a data processing module, a display recording module and a communication module, which are electrically connected to the control module respectively; the display recording module is used for displaying monitoring data and operating data of the system in real time; the communication module uploads monitoring data and operating data to a data center in a wireless or wired mode; the control module is used for controlling the opening degree of each first flow regulating valve 24 (or each second flow regulating valve 23); the data processing module is used for collecting and processing signals output by the sensor 4.

Example two

In this embodiment, the system for self-regulating the flue gas temperature of the second combustion chamber of the incinerator further comprises a flue gas purification device 16, wherein the flue gas purification device 16 is connected with a flue gas cooling device 14 through a third flue 15; and the sensors 4 are installed on the first flue 3, the second combustion chamber 10 and the third flue 15. Circulation backward flow fume device includes main return flue 19 to and connect second combustion chamber 10 and main return flue 19's first branch return flue 21 and connect first flue 3 and main return flue 19's second branch return flue 22, be equipped with first flow control valve 24 on the first branch return flue 21, be equipped with second flow control valve 23 on the second branch return flue 22. Each of the first flow regulating valve 24, each of the second flow regulating valves 23 and each of the sensors 4 are electrically connected to the smoke temperature self-regulating control device 26, the sensors 4 transmit the detected smoke data (including the smoke temperature) to the smoke temperature self-regulating control device in real time, and the control module of the smoke temperature self-regulating control device 26 controls the opening degrees of the first flow regulating valve 24 and the second flow regulating valve 23 according to the smoke temperature detected by the sensors 4.

The rest is the same as the first embodiment.

EXAMPLE III

In this embodiment, the flue gas temperature self-regulating system for the second combustion chamber of the incinerator, wherein the flue gas circulating and returning device further comprises at least one third branch return flue 20 connected with the second flue 12 and the main return flue 19, and a third flow regulating valve 25 is arranged on the third branch return flue 20; each of the third flow regulating valves 25 is electrically connected to a smoke temperature self-regulating control device 26, and a control module of the smoke temperature self-regulating control device 26 controls the opening degree of the third flow regulating valve 25 according to the smoke temperature detected by the sensor 4, so as to regulate the temperature of the smoke entering the connecting flue between the second combustion chamber 10 and the smoke cooling device 14 (i.e. the temperature of the smoke in the second flue 12).

In the present embodiment, the sensors 4 installed at the first flue 3 and the second combustion chamber 10 include an oxygen sensor, a carbon monoxide sensor, and a temperature sensor. The sensor 4 mounted on the second flue 12 includes an oxygen sensor and a temperature sensor.

In this embodiment, the smoke temperature, the oxygen content and the carbon monoxide content of the flue connected between the second combustion chamber and the smoke cooling device and the flue in front of the second combustion chamber are detected in real time by the sensor, the circulating reflux amount of the low-temperature smoke is automatically adjusted by controlling the circulating reflux smoke device according to the comparison between the real-time monitoring value and the set value by the smoke temperature self-adjusting control device, and the reflux smoke amount of the flue connected between the second combustion chamber and the flue cooling device and in front of the second combustion chamber is sent to the second combustion chamber, the second combustion chamber is controlled by the smoke temperature self-adjusting control device, so that the purpose that the smoke temperature of the second combustion chamber is controllable on the premise. The smoke temperature entering the smoke cooling device is detected through a sensor arranged on a flue between the secondary combustion chamber and the smoke cooling device, and the circulating backflow smoke device is controlled to automatically adjust the low-temperature tail gas to flow back to the front flue of the smoke cooling device through the smoke temperature self-adjusting control device according to the comparison between the real-time monitoring value and the set value, so that the smoke temperature entering the smoke cooling device is adjusted, and the high-temperature corrosion of the smoke cooling device is avoided.

The rest is the same as the embodiment.

Example four

As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the system for self-regulating the smoke temperature of the secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator further comprises a secondary air inlet device installed on the secondary combustion chamber 10, wherein the secondary air inlet device comprises an air inlet pipe 8 connected with the secondary combustion chamber 10, and a fourth flow regulating valve 7 arranged on the air inlet pipe 8; the fourth flow regulating valve 7 is electrically connected with a smoke temperature self-regulating control device 26, and a control module of the smoke temperature self-regulating control device 26 controls the opening of the fourth flow regulating valve 7 according to the concentrations of carbon monoxide and oxygen detected by the sensor 4 so as to regulate the air quantity entering the secondary combustion chamber 10.

In this embodiment, the secondary air intake device may be installed at any position of the second combustion chamber, and supplies air to the corresponding position according to the instruction of the smoke temperature regulation control device 26.

In this embodiment, the smoke temperature self-regulation control device receives the smoke data transmitted by the smoke sensor in real time, and generates a regulation instruction to the secondary air intake device and the circulating reflux smoke device by comparing the real-time data with the set data, so as to automatically regulate the circulating reflux amount of the low-temperature smoke and the secondary air supply amount, thereby regulating the combustion air-fuel ratio and the smoke temperature in the secondary combustion chamber and the smoke temperature in the second flue 12; the problems of temperature fluctuation and insufficient combustion of the secondary combustion chamber are solved.

In the embodiment, on the basis of keeping the reasonable air-fuel ratio of the secondary combustion chamber, closed-loop control of the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber, the combustion air-fuel ratio and the temperature of flue gas in a connecting flue between the secondary combustion chamber and the waste heat boiler is formed.

The rest is the same as in the example.

EXAMPLE five

As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, in the flue gas temperature self-regulating system of the secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator, an induced draft fan 17 is further disposed at an outlet end of the flue gas purification device 16, and the flue gas treated by the flue gas purification device 16 is respectively introduced into the main return flue 19 and the tail gas exhaust flue through the induced draft fan 17.

The rest is the same as in example four.

EXAMPLE six

In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the flue gas temperature self-regulating system for the second combustion chamber of the incinerator is provided, wherein the flue gas recirculation and return device further comprises a first air blower 18 for feeding the flue gas treated by the flue gas purification device 16 into the main return flue 19, and the first air blower 18 is electrically connected with the flue gas temperature self-regulating control device 26. The flue gas treated by the flue gas purification device 16 can be discharged out of the flue through the tail gas by the induced draft fan 17, and can be sent into the main return flue 19 through the first air blower 18.

The rest is the same as in example five.

EXAMPLE seven

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the flue gas temperature self-regulating system for the second combustion chamber of the incinerator is further provided with a second blower 9 for supplying air into the air inlet duct 8, wherein the second blower 9 is electrically connected to the flue gas temperature self-regulating control device 26, and the second blower 9 supplies air into the air inlet duct 8.

The rest is the same as in example six.

Example eight

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the secondary air device is disposed on the first branch return flue 21, and the secondary air is mixed with the return flue gas and then enters the second combustion chamber 10 through the first branch return flue 21.

The rest is the same as in the example.

Example nine

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the flue gas temperature self-regulating system of the second combustion chamber of the incinerator further comprises a supplementary burner 5, wherein the supplementary burner 5 is installed on the first flue 3 (for supplementing heat to the flue gas in the first flue) or on the second combustion chamber 10 (for supplementing heat to the flue gas in the second combustion chamber 10), and the supplementary burner 5 is electrically connected with a flue gas temperature self-regulating control device 26.

The rest is the same as in the seventh embodiment.

Example ten

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, in the present embodiment, a flue gas temperature self-regulating system of a second combustion chamber of an incinerator, wherein a sensor 4 installed at a first flue 3 includes an oxygen sensor, a carbon monoxide sensor, and a temperature sensor; the sensors 4 installed at the second combustion chamber 10 include an oxygen sensor, a carbon monoxide sensor and a temperature sensor; the sensor 4 mounted on the second flue 12 includes an oxygen sensor and a temperature sensor.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the outlet end of the first flow regulating valve 24 is provided with a first stage air inlet device 13, the first stage air inlet device 13 includes a first multi-way valve, and a plurality of first branch pipes respectively connected to the outlet ends of the first multi-way valve in a one-to-one correspondence, and the first multi-way valve is electrically connected to the smoke temperature self-regulating control device 26.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the outlet end of the second flow control valve 23 is provided with a second stepped air inlet device 2, the second stepped air inlet device 2 includes a second multi-way valve, and a plurality of second branch pipes respectively connected to the outlet ends of the second multi-way valve in a one-to-one correspondence, and the second multi-way valve is electrically connected to the smoke temperature self-adjusting control device 26.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the outlet end of the third flow regulating valve 25 is provided with a third multi-way air blowing device 11, the third multi-way air blowing device 11 comprises a third multi-way valve and a plurality of third branch pipelines respectively connected with the outlet ends of the third multi-way valve in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the third multi-way valve is electrically connected with the smoke temperature self-regulating control device 26.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the outlet end of the fourth flow control valve 7 is provided with a fourth multi-way valve 6, the fourth multi-way valve 6 comprises a fourth multi-way valve and a plurality of fourth branch pipes which are respectively connected with the outlet ends of the fourth multi-way valve in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the fourth multi-way valve is electrically connected with the smoke temperature self-adjusting control device 26.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the smoke temperature self-adjusting control device 26 includes a control module, a data processing module, a display recording module and a communication module, which are electrically connected to the control module respectively. The display and record module is used for displaying and storing the flue gas temperature, the oxygen and carbon monoxide component concentration, the opening degrees of the first flow regulating valve 24 to the fourth flow regulating valve 7 and a combustion analysis report in real time. The communication module uploads real-time data and operation conditions to the data center in a wireless or wired mode. The control module is used for controlling the opening and closing of the first multi-way valve to the fourth multi-way valve, the frequency of the first air feeder 18 and the second air feeder 9 and the opening degree of the first flow regulating valve 24 to the fourth flow regulating valve 7. The data processing module is used for collecting and processing signals output by the sensor 4. The rest is the same as in example nine.

In this embodiment, the method for controlling the flue gas temperature self-regulating system of the second combustion chamber of the incinerator, wherein the flue gas cooling device 14 is, for example, a waste heat boiler, and the control method is as follows:

the high-temperature flue gas generated by the incinerator 1 firstly enters the secondary combustion chamber 10, and after the temperature and the components of the flue gas are adjusted by the circulating reflux flue gas device or the secondary air inlet device in the secondary combustion chamber 10, the flue gas enters a subsequent waste heat boiler and a flue gas purification system and then is discharged to the atmosphere. In this process, the flue gas composition and temperature entering the secondary combustion chamber 10 fluctuate due to changes in the parameters of the material composition, density, etc. charged into the incinerator 1, and fluctuations in environmental conditions and operating factors. Taking a hazardous waste incineration system as an example, the temperature of the flue gas entering the secondary combustion chamber 10 fluctuates within a temperature range of 1000 ℃ to 1400 ℃ or even lower or higher. According to the standard specification GB 18484-2001 standard for hazardous waste incineration pollution control, the combustion temperature is required to be more than or equal to 1100 ℃, in combination with the durability of the refractory material of the secondary combustion chamber 10, the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 10 needs to be controlled to be about 1200 ℃ (a set value), at the moment, the sensor 4 in the secondary combustion chamber 10 monitors the temperature, the oxygen concentration and the carbon monoxide concentration data in the flue gas in real time and transmits the data to the flue gas temperature self-adjusting control device 26 in real time, the flue gas temperature self-adjusting control device 26 firstly judges the deviation between the flue gas temperature and the target value, when the flue gas temperature is higher than the target value (firstly set to be 1250 ℃), the first air blower 18 is started to suck the low-temperature flue gas into the main return flue 19, then the low-temperature flue gas enters the secondary combustion chamber 10 through the first branch return flue 21 and/;

and secondly, if the flue gas temperature continues to increase after the first flow regulating valve 24 and the first branch air inlet device 13 on the first branch return flue 21 and/or the second flow regulating valve 23 and the second branch air inlet device 2 on the second branch return flue 22 are opened, the flue gas temperature self-adjusting control device 26 automatically adjusts the opening degree of the first flow regulating valve 24 and/or the second flow regulating valve 23, increases the flow rate of the returned flue gas, and reduces the flue gas temperature of the second combustion chamber 10 to make the flue gas temperature reach a target value of 1200 ℃.

Thirdly, if the flue gas temperature fluctuates after the measures are finished, the operation frequency of the first air blower 18 is adjusted at the moment, and the flue gas temperature is maintained to be stable at the target value.

And fourthly, if the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to be lower than 1180 ℃ (the set value) after the measures are finished, reducing the opening degree of the first flow regulating valve 24 and/or the second flow regulating valve 23 until the opening degree is closed so as to reduce the flow of the returned flue gas, and closing the first air blower 18 simultaneously when the first flow regulating valve 24 and/or the second flow regulating valve 23 are closed. Synchronously starting the afterburning burner 5 to provide heat to heat the secondary combustion chamber 10, and maintaining the temperature of the flue gas to be stable at a target value of 1200 ℃;

and fifthly, monitoring the oxygen content in the flue gas in real time while finishing the regulation of the temperature of the flue gas by the backflow flue gas, synchronously opening a second air feeder 9 and a fourth flow regulating valve 7 of a secondary air inlet device when the oxygen content is lower than a set value by 5%, enabling mixed part of cold air to enter a second combustion chamber 10 to regulate the combustion air-fuel ratio, realizing the maintenance of the oxygen content in the flue gas of the second combustion chamber 10 at about 5% by regulating the opening degree of the fourth flow regulating valve 7, and then finely regulating the operating frequency of the second air feeder 9 to control the maintenance of the oxygen content in the flue gas of the second combustion chamber 10 at 6% -8%.

Sixthly, the smoke temperature self-regulation control device 26 judges the carbon monoxide content of the smoke and the deviation of the target value on the basis of the fact that the smoke temperature is stabilized at the target value, when the carbon monoxide content of the smoke is higher than the target value (initially set as 80 ppm), the second air blower 9 is started, the opening degree of the fourth flow regulating valve 7 and the operation frequency of the second air blower 9 are synchronously adjusted, and the carbon monoxide content of the smoke is kept lower than the target value;

seventhly, detecting the temperature of the flue gas entering the waste heat boiler through a sensor 4 arranged on a flue between the second combustion chamber 10 and the waste heat boiler, controlling the opening of a third flow regulating valve 25 according to the comparison between the real-time monitoring value and the set value through a flue temperature self-regulating control device 26, automatically regulating the circulating reflux amount of the low-temperature flue gas to enter the flue connected between the second combustion chamber 10 and the waste heat boiler, wherein the temperature of the flue gas meets the set value (preset 850 ℃) so as to avoid high-temperature corrosion of the waste heat boiler.

When adjusting the flue gas temperature of the secondary combustion chamber 10, the combustion air-fuel ratio is regulated, so that the environmental-friendly emission can be ensured to reach the standard, especially the emission of dioxin reaching the standard, and the problem of safe and stable operation of the secondary combustion chamber 10 and a waste heat boiler can be solved.

In the first to tenth embodiments, the flue gas cooling device 14 is one or more of a waste heat boiler, an air preheater, an air cooler, a direct spray cooler and a spray cooler.

In the first to tenth embodiments, the second blower 9 is a blower, or an air compressor, or other air supply device. The first air blower 18 is a fan or an ejector.

Claims (10)

1. A flue gas temperature self-regulating system of a second combustion chamber of an incinerator comprises a second combustion chamber (10) and a flue gas cooling device (14), wherein the second combustion chamber (10) is connected with the incinerator (1) through a first flue (3), and the second combustion chamber (10) is also connected with the flue gas cooling device (14) through a second flue (12); the method is characterized in that: the device also comprises a smoke temperature self-regulation control device (26), a circulating return smoke device and a sensor (4) arranged on the first flue (3), and/or the second combustion chamber (10), and/or the second flue (12);

the circulating reflux flue gas device comprises a main reflux flue (19), at least one first branch reflux flue (21) connected with a secondary combustion chamber (10) and the main reflux flue (19), a first flow regulating valve (24) arranged on the first branch reflux flue (21), and/or at least one second branch reflux flue (22) connected with the first flue (3) and the main reflux flue (19), and a second flow regulating valve (23) arranged on the second branch reflux flue (22), wherein the inlet end of the main reflux flue (19) is connected to any position behind a flue gas cooling device (14) and in front of a tail gas discharge port to extract low-temperature flue gas;

each first flow regulating valve (24), each second flow regulating valve (23) and each sensor (4) are respectively electrically connected with a smoke temperature self-regulating control device (26), and the smoke temperature self-regulating control device (26) controls the opening degree of the first flow regulating valve (24) and/or the second flow regulating valve (23) according to the smoke temperature detected by the sensor (4) so as to regulate the low-temperature smoke amount entering the first flue (3) and/or the second combustion chamber (10).

2. The incinerator secondary combustion chamber flue gas temperature self-regulating system of claim 1, characterized by: the circulating reflux flue gas device also comprises at least one third branch reflux flue (20) connected with the second flue (12) and the main reflux flue (19), and a third flow regulating valve (25) is arranged on the third branch reflux flue (20); each third flow regulating valve (25) is electrically connected with a smoke temperature self-regulating control device (26), and the smoke temperature self-regulating control device (26) controls the opening of the third flow regulating valve (25) according to the smoke temperature detected by the sensor (4) so as to regulate the amount of returned smoke entering the second flue (12).

3. The incinerator secondary combustion chamber flue gas temperature self-regulating system of claim 2, characterized by: the secondary air intake device is arranged on the first branch return flue (21) and/or the second combustion chamber (10).

4. The incinerator secondary combustion chamber flue gas temperature self-regulating system of claim 3, characterized by: the secondary air inlet device comprises an air inlet pipeline (8) and a fourth flow regulating valve (7) arranged on the air inlet pipeline (8); the fourth flow regulating valve (7) is electrically connected with the smoke temperature self-regulating control device (26), and the smoke temperature self-regulating control device (26) controls the opening of the fourth flow regulating valve (7) according to the concentration of carbon monoxide and oxygen detected by the sensor (4) so as to regulate the air quantity entering the second combustion chamber (10).

5. The incinerator secondary combustion chamber flue gas temperature self-regulating system of claim 4, characterized by: the secondary air inlet device also comprises a second air supply device (9) for sending air into the air inlet pipeline (8), and the second air supply device (9) is electrically connected with the smoke temperature self-regulation control device (26); the second air feeder (9) is a fan or an air compressor.

6. The incinerator secondary combustion chamber flue gas temperature self-regulating system of claim 5, characterized by: the outlet end of the first flow regulating valve (24) is provided with a first grading air inlet device (13), and the first grading air inlet device (13) comprises a first multi-way valve and a plurality of first branch pipelines which are respectively connected with the outlet ends of the first multi-way valve in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the first multi-way valve is electrically connected with a smoke temperature self-regulation control device (26);

a second grading air inlet device (2) is arranged at the outlet end of the second flow regulating valve (23), the second grading air inlet device (2) comprises a second multi-way valve and a plurality of second branch pipelines which are respectively connected with the outlet ends of the second multi-way valve in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the second multi-way valve is electrically connected with a smoke temperature self-adjusting control device (26);

a third grading air inlet device (11) is arranged at the outlet end of the third flow regulating valve (25), the third grading air inlet device (11) comprises a third multi-way valve and a plurality of third branch pipelines which are respectively connected with the outlet ends of the third multi-way valve in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the third multi-way valve is electrically connected with a smoke temperature self-regulating control device (26);

a fourth stepped air inlet device (6) is arranged at the outlet end of the fourth flow regulating valve (7), the fourth stepped air inlet device (6) comprises a fourth multi-way valve and a plurality of fourth branch pipelines which are respectively connected with the outlet ends of the fourth multi-way valve in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the fourth multi-way valve is electrically connected with a smoke temperature self-regulation control device (26); the fourth branch stage air inlet device (6) is connected with the first branch return flue (21) and/or the second combustion chamber (10), and secondary air and return flue gas are mixed and then enter the second combustion chamber through the first branch return flue (21) and/or directly enter the second combustion chamber.

7. The incinerator secondary combustion chamber flue gas temperature self-regulating system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by: the circulating reflux flue gas device also comprises a first air feeder (18) used for feeding low-temperature flue gas into the main reflux flue (19), and the first air feeder (18) is electrically connected with the flue gas temperature self-regulating control device (26); the first air feeder (18) is a fan or an ejector.

8. The incinerator secondary combustion chamber flue gas temperature self-regulating system of claim 7, characterized by: the flue gas cooling device (14) is one or a combination of a waste heat boiler, an air preheater, an air cooler and a direct spray cooler.

9. The incinerator secondary combustion chamber flue gas temperature self-regulating system as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 8 wherein: the device is characterized by further comprising a supplementary combustion burner (5), wherein the supplementary combustion burner (5) is installed on the secondary combustion chamber (10), and the supplementary combustion burner (5) is electrically connected with the smoke temperature self-regulation control device (26).

10. The incinerator secondary combustion chamber flue gas temperature self-regulating system of claim 9, characterized by: the sensor (4) installed at the first flue (3) comprises an oxygen sensor, a carbon monoxide sensor and a temperature sensor; the sensors (4) arranged at the second combustion chamber (10) comprise an oxygen sensor, a carbon monoxide sensor and a temperature sensor; the sensor (4) mounted on the second flue (12) comprises an oxygen sensor and a temperature sensor.

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