CN213556348U - Denitration reactor with front high-temperature dust removal function - Google Patents
Denitration reactor with front high-temperature dust removal function Download PDFInfo
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- CN213556348U CN213556348U CN202022038172.1U CN202022038172U CN213556348U CN 213556348 U CN213556348 U CN 213556348U CN 202022038172 U CN202022038172 U CN 202022038172U CN 213556348 U CN213556348 U CN 213556348U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of environmental protection equipment, in particular to a preposed high-temperature dedusting denitration reactor, which comprises a denitration reactor body with a vertical structure, wherein the denitration reactor body comprises a dust chamber at the lower part, an ash bin at the bottom of the dust chamber and a denitration reaction chamber at the upper part of the dust chamber, a high-temperature resistant metal filter bag is arranged in the dust chamber, the side part of the dust chamber is provided with a flue gas inlet which is connected with an outlet of a boiler economizer, and the top of the dust chamber is provided with a pulse injection device; the denitration reaction chamber is internally provided with a catalyst, and the upper part of the denitration reaction chamber is provided with a flue gas outlet. The utility model discloses a high temperature removes dust and effectively collects boiler outlet smoke and dust to avoid catalyst alkali metal poisoning, can improve catalyst life effectively.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the environmental protection equipment, concretely relates to denitration reactor of leading high temperature dust removal is particularly useful for the processing of biomass boiler or other similar stove flue gas.
Background
The biomass power generation is taken as an important renewable energy source, has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection, energy conservation, agriculture benefit, carbon dioxide emission reduction and the like, and is the fourth major energy source following petroleum, coal and natural gas all over the world. The biomass has the characteristics of inexhaustibility and inexhaustibility. Meanwhile, the biomass energy has mature technology, wide application, low pollution and high safety, plays an important role in dealing with global climate change, energy supply and demand contradiction, protecting ecological environment, benefiting to the livelihood and other aspects, and is an important force for energy transformation. According to the data display of the national energy agency, the installed capacity of biomass power generation reaches 2254 ten thousand kilowatts in China and is increased by 26.6 percent on year-by-year basis when the year is 2019; in 2019, the biomass power generation in China is 1111 hundred million kilowatt hours, and the biomass power generation is increased by 20.4 percent on the same scale. At present, biomass is becoming an effective supplement and substitute fuel for coal in many provinces.
The biomass boiler is a boiler using biomass energy as fuel. However, although biomass boilers are less polluting than coal boilers, particulate dust, sulfur dioxide (SO) are also produced during their combustion process2) Nitrogen oxides (NOx), acid gases, etc., and the generated dust and exhaust gas need to be treated to reach the exhaust emission standard. With the continuous promotion of 'ultra-low emission' of coal-fired boilers, biomass with missing emission standards often needs to face the same 'ultra-low' test. At present, the SCR flue gas treatment process with higher efficiency is generally selected for the denitration of the flue gas of a boiler newly obtained by an enterprise.
Most modern SCR devices use V2O5-TiO2Catalysts of the W/MO series. Due to the long-term exposure of the catalyst to high temperature pollutant-containing flue gases, the activity of the catalyst gradually decays and degrades over time. Cause to hastenThe activity of the catalyst is attenuated by a plurality of factors, mainly including sintering of the catalyst, poisoning caused by alkali metal, arsenic and the like, corrosion of calcium, ash blocking and abrasion of the catalyst and the like.
Compared with a coal-fired boiler, the biomass boiler has high smoke content and contains alkali metal (K)+、Ca2+) The mass fraction is higher and can reach more than 8 percent (see the following table). Containing K+The mixture is in direct contact with the catalyst surface, which reduces the catalyst activity. The reaction mechanism is that alkali metal reacts with other substances at the active site of the catalyst. Free CaO and SO in fly ash3Reacting to form CaSO4And the micro-pores covered on the surface of the catalyst prevent the reactant from diffusing to the surface of the catalyst and diffusing into the catalyst, thereby influencing the catalytic effect of the catalyst and leading the catalyst to be deactivated. Therefore, the service life of the catalyst used by the coal-fired boiler can reach more than 24000h generally, while the service life of the catalyst in the biomass boiler is less than one year, and the serious boiler is poisoned and loses efficacy in half a year.
TABLE 1 comparison of major constituents of fly ash from a biomass boiler with fly ash from a coal-fired boiler
In the SCR flue gas denitration project, the investment of the catalyst accounts for a large proportion of the investment of the whole system, and the service life of the catalyst directly influences the investment and operation cost of the whole denitration system. Therefore, it is necessary to design a denitration reactor with a front-mounted high-temperature dust removal function for flue gas of a biomass boiler or other similar furnaces under the condition of selecting a proper reaction temperature and a proper catalyst.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problem, an object of the utility model is to provide a through high temperature dust removal effectively collect boiler outlet smoke and dust to avoid catalyst alkali metal poisoning, improve catalyst life's leading high temperature dust removal's denitration reactor effectively.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
leading denitration reactor that high temperature removed dust, including the denitration reactor body of vertical type structure, denitration reactor body includes:
the denitration reactor comprises a denitration reactor body, a dust chamber, a pulse injection device and a gas-liquid separation device, wherein the dust chamber is arranged at the lower part of the denitration reactor body, a high-temperature-resistant metal filter bag is arranged in the dust chamber, a flue gas inlet which is used for being connected with an outlet of a boiler economizer is arranged at the side part of the dust chamber, and the top of the dust chamber is provided with the pulse injection;
the dust bin is arranged at the bottom of the dust removing chamber and used for collecting dust filtered by the filter bag, and a dust discharging valve is arranged at the bottom of the dust bin;
the denitration reaction chamber is arranged on the upper portion of the dust removal chamber, a catalyst is arranged in the denitration reaction chamber, and a flue gas outlet is formed in the upper portion of the denitration reaction chamber.
As a preferable technical scheme, the material of the high-temperature resistant metal filter bag is metal fiber or intermetallic compound.
As a preferred technical scheme, the catalyst is arranged in a layered mode and is stacked on a plurality of layers of brackets in a unit module mode.
As a preferable technical scheme, access doors are arranged outside the dust removal chamber and the denitration reaction chamber.
As a preferred technical scheme, the ash bin is provided with a material level meter, and the material level meter and the ash discharge valve are controlled in a linkage mode.
As a preferred technical scheme, an ammonia injection grid is arranged on an inlet flue connected with the flue gas inlet and the outlet of a boiler economizer.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has at least:
(1) through the preposed high-temperature dust removal, most alkali metal oxides or salts in the fly ash are collected, and the content of outlet dust is less than 5mg/Nm3The chemical poisoning phenomenon of the catalyst can be avoided, the ash blockage of a catalyst pore channel is effectively relieved, the abrasion of fly ash impact on the catalyst is reduced, and the service life of the catalyst is prolonged;
(2) the catalyst can be selected from small-hole-pitch catalysts for gas boilers, so that the required catalyst volume is reduced, the reactor volume is reduced, the original catalyst soot blower system is omitted, and the investment and the operating cost of a denitration system can be reduced;
(3) the denitration reactor is preposed for high-temperature dust removal, and the dust content at the outlet can be less than 5mg/Nm3And the current ultra-clean discharge standard is achieved. Therefore, the ash blockage conditions of the economizer and the air preheater behind the reactor are greatly improved, and the dust remover behind the air preheater can be eliminated, thereby being beneficial to saving the site and the investment and operation cost;
(4) the denitration reactor can be used for biomass boilers, and is applicable to cement kilns and the like with high outlet flue gas fly ash content, particularly high alkali metal-containing components.
Drawings
The drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present invention and do not limit the scope of the invention. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and examples. In the following detailed description, certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described by way of illustration only. Needless to say, a person skilled in the art will recognize that the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and not intended to limit the scope of the claims.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the front-located high-temperature dust removal denitration reactor comprises a denitration reactor body 10, wherein the denitration reactor body 10 is a vertical welded steel structure container and mainly comprises a flue gas inlet 11, a dust removal chamber 12, an ash bin 13, a denitration reaction chamber 14 and a flue gas outlet 15; the denitration reactor shell is made of Q345 material, and reinforcing ribs and a heat insulation layer are arranged outside the denitration reactor shell.
The dust removal chamber 12 is arranged at the lower part of the denitration reactor body 10, and a high-temperature resistant metal filter bag 121 and a supporting structure thereof are arranged in the dust removal chamber 10, so that dust in flue gas can be purified; the support structure can bear internal pressure, earthquake load, smoke load, filter bag, catalyst load, thermal stress and the like, the high-temperature-resistant metal filter bag 121 is preferably made of metal fibers or intermetallic compounds, the filtering precision can reach 1 mu m, the working condition temperature of the filter bag can reach 450-500 ℃, and the high-temperature resistance is realized; a flue gas inlet 11 connected with the outlet 20 of the boiler economizer is arranged at the side part of the dust chamber 12, and an ammonia injection grid 31 is arranged on an inlet flue 30 connected with the outlet 20 of the boiler economizer and the flue gas inlet 11; the ammonia injection grid 31 is used for injecting a reducing agent into the flue gas; the top of the dust removing chamber 12 is provided with a pulse blowing device 122, and dust attached to the surface of the filter bag is separated through blowing.
The dust bin 13 is arranged at the bottom of the dust removing chamber 12 and used for collecting dust collected and filtered by the filter bag, and the bottom of the dust bin 13 is provided with a dust discharging valve 131; the ash bin 13 is provided with a material level meter 132, and the material level meter 132 is in interlocking control with the ash discharge valve 131.
The denitration reaction chamber 14 is arranged at the upper part of the dust removal chamber 12, a catalyst 141 is arranged in the denitration reaction chamber 14, the catalyst is generally arranged in 2-3 layers in a layering manner and is stacked on a plurality of layers of brackets in a unit module manner; and a flue gas outlet 15 is arranged at the upper part of the denitration reaction chamber 14.
And access doors are arranged outside the dust removing chamber 12 and the denitration reaction chamber 14, and the catalyst 141 can be placed into the reactor from the access doors through a catalyst filling system outside the reactor when being installed.
Referring to fig. 1, the working principle of the present invention is as follows: flue gas enters a dust removal chamber 12 at the lower part of the denitration reactor body from a bottom flue gas inlet 11, and fly ash with the particle size larger than the filter bag hole is blocked and attached to the surface of the metal filter bag 121 when passing through the metal filter bag 121. The pulse blowing device 122 blows the filter bags according to the time and sequence set by the system, and the fly ash attached to the surfaces of the filter bags is separated from the filter bags through the centrifugal action and falls into the bottom ash bin 13 through the gravity action. The ash bin 13 is provided with a material level indicator 132, and the material level indicator 132 controls the ash discharge valve 131 to start in a linkage manner: when the level indicator gives an alarm, the ash discharge valve 131 is automatically opened to start discharging; when the level indicator gives an alarm when the level indicator is low, the ash discharge valve 131 is automatically closed, and the discharging is stopped.
The reducing agent is ammonia, for example, an ammonia injection grid 31 is arranged on an inlet flue 30 before the flue gas from an outlet 20 of the boiler economizer enters the denitration reactor, and the prepared 5% ammonia gas is injected into the flue through a nozzle by the ammonia injection grid 31 to be mixed with the flue gas. The flue gas enters a denitration reactor body 10, is dedusted by a dedusting chamber 12 and then enters an upper denitration reaction chamber 14 to contact with a catalyst, and NO in the flue gas is selectively treated by a reducing agent under the action of a proper temperature and the catalystXReducing to nontoxic and pollution-free N2And H2And O. And finally, discharging the denitrated flue gas from the outlet flue 40 and entering a subsequent treatment system.
The utility model discloses a leading high temperature removes dust, and alkali metal oxide or salt in the flying dust are the vast majority by the entrapment, and export dirt content is less than 5mg Nm3The chemical poisoning phenomenon of the catalyst can be avoided, the ash blockage of a catalyst pore channel is effectively relieved, the abrasion of fly ash impact on the catalyst is reduced, the service life of the catalyst is prolonged, and the expected service life can reach 2 times that of a coal-fired boiler, namely more than 48000 hours.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art should also realize that such equivalent changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. Leading denitration reactor that high temperature removed dust, including the denitration reactor body of vertical type structure, its characterized in that, denitration reactor body includes:
the denitration reactor comprises a denitration reactor body, a dust chamber, a pulse injection device and a gas-liquid separation device, wherein the dust chamber is arranged at the lower part of the denitration reactor body, a high-temperature-resistant metal filter bag is arranged in the dust chamber, a flue gas inlet which is used for being connected with an outlet of a boiler economizer is arranged at the side part of the dust chamber, and the top of the dust chamber is provided with the pulse injection;
the dust bin is arranged at the bottom of the dust removing chamber and used for collecting dust filtered by the filter bag, and a dust discharging valve is arranged at the bottom of the dust bin;
the denitration reaction chamber is arranged on the upper portion of the dust removal chamber, a catalyst is arranged in the denitration reaction chamber, and a flue gas outlet is formed in the upper portion of the denitration reaction chamber.
2. The denitrification reactor with advanced high temperature dust removal of claim 1, wherein: the high-temperature resistant metal filter bag is made of metal fibers or intermetallic compounds.
3. The denitrification reactor with advanced high temperature dust removal of claim 1, wherein: the catalysts are arranged in a layered mode and are stacked on a plurality of layers of brackets in a unit module mode.
4. The denitrification reactor with advanced high temperature dust removal of claim 1, wherein: and access doors are arranged outside the dust removal chamber and the denitration reaction chamber.
5. The denitrification reactor with advanced high temperature dust removal of claim 1, wherein: the ash bin is provided with a material level meter, and the material level meter and the ash discharge valve are controlled in an interlocking mode.
6. The denitration reactor with advanced high temperature dust removal as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: and an ammonia injection grid is arranged on an inlet flue connected with the flue gas inlet and the outlet of the boiler economizer.
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| CN202022038172.1U CN213556348U (en) | 2020-09-17 | 2020-09-17 | Denitration reactor with front high-temperature dust removal function |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114225575A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-03-25 | 福建龙净环保股份有限公司 | Metal filter bag and bag type dust collector |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114225575A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-03-25 | 福建龙净环保股份有限公司 | Metal filter bag and bag type dust collector |
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