CN213546446U - Battery cell, battery and consumer - Google Patents
Battery cell, battery and consumer Download PDFInfo
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- CN213546446U CN213546446U CN202021358020.3U CN202021358020U CN213546446U CN 213546446 U CN213546446 U CN 213546446U CN 202021358020 U CN202021358020 U CN 202021358020U CN 213546446 U CN213546446 U CN 213546446U
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- relief mechanism
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- battery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The embodiment of the application relates to a battery cell, a battery and an electric device. The battery cell includes: the device comprises a shell, a first shell and a second shell, wherein the first wall of the shell is provided with an opening; the pressure relief mechanism is used for actuating to relieve the internal pressure when the internal pressure of the battery cell reaches a threshold value, and the pressure relief mechanism covers the opening; a backing plate for supporting the electrode assembly, located inside the first wall of the case; the base plate is provided with a bulge, and the bulge extends towards the pressure relief mechanism and is contained in the opening. The application discloses battery monomer, battery and consumer can improve the performance of last pressure release mechanism of battery monomer.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of energy storage components and parts, in particular to a battery monomer, a battery and electric equipment.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the advantages of small volume, high energy density, long cycle service life, long storage time and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of electronic equipment, electric vehicles, electric toys and the like, for example, mobile phones, notebook computers, electric bicycles, electric automobiles, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy automobiles, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes, electric tools and the like.
With the continuous development of lithium ion battery technology, higher requirements are also put forward on the safety performance of the lithium ion battery. The pressure relief mechanism on the lithium ion battery has an important influence on the safety performance of the lithium ion battery. For example, when the lithium ion battery is short-circuited or overcharged, thermal runaway inside the lithium ion battery may occur, and the internal air pressure may suddenly rise, and at this time, the pressure relief mechanism needs to be actuated to release the internal air pressure to the outside, so as to prevent the lithium ion battery from exploding. Therefore, the design of the pressure relief mechanism is extremely important.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The application provides a battery monomer, battery and consumer can improve the performance of last pressure release mechanism of battery monomer.
According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a battery cell including: the device comprises a shell, a first shell and a second shell, wherein the first wall of the shell is provided with an opening; the pressure relief mechanism is used for actuating to relieve the internal pressure when the internal pressure of the battery cell reaches a threshold value, and the pressure relief mechanism covers the opening; a backing plate for supporting the electrode assembly, located inside the first wall of the case; the base plate is provided with a bulge, and the bulge extends towards the pressure relief mechanism and is contained in the opening.
The battery monomer of this application embodiment, install pressure relief mechanism at the first wall of casing and when covering the trompil, there may be the difference in height between this pressure relief mechanism is close to the inside surface of casing and the casing internal surface, pressure relief mechanism is close to the inside surface of casing and is sunken for the internal surface of casing promptly, so there may be the piling up of electrolyte in this region, lead to the fact impact and corruption to pressure relief mechanism, and the backing plate of this application embodiment has set up the arch in pressure relief mechanism's corresponding region, this arch extends towards this pressure relief mechanism, also can fill in this depressed part, thereby reduce this partial accumulational electrolyte, alleviate the impact and the corruption of electrolyte to pressure relief mechanism, avoid pressure relief mechanism to break in advance.
In some embodiments, a surface of the boss facing the pressure relief mechanism and a surface of the pressure relief mechanism facing the boss have a gap therebetween.
Therefore, the direct contact between the bulge and the pressure relief mechanism can be avoided, and the impact and the abrasion of the bulge on the pressure relief mechanism can be further avoided.
In some embodiments, the gap is 0.05mm to 0.2 mm.
In some embodiments, a cross-section of the protrusion along a first surface is the same shape as a cross-section of the aperture along the first surface, the first surface being an inner surface of a first wall of the housing.
Since it is necessary to accommodate the projection in the opening, both may be shaped identically for ease of installation.
In some embodiments, the pressure relief mechanism is located outside of the first wall.
Install pressure relief mechanism in the outside of keeping away from inside of first wall, compare in the one side of installing being close to the casing inside at first wall, the installation is more convenient.
The outer side of the first wall is provided with a first groove, the opening is located in the bottom wall of the first groove, and the pressure relief mechanism is arranged in the bottom wall of the first groove.
In some embodiments, the distance between the bottom wall of the first groove to the surface of the inner side of the first wall of the housing is 0.4mm to 0.9 mm.
In some embodiments, the protrusion extends toward the pressure relief mechanism a distance of 0.3mm to 0.8mm relative to an inside of the first wall of the housing.
In some embodiments, the pressure relief mechanism has a thickness of 0.3mm to 0.7 mm.
In some embodiments, a surface of the pressure relief mechanism away from the interior of the housing is provided with a third groove.
In order to enable the mechanism to be more easily broken when thermal runaway occurs in the battery monomer, nicks can be added on the surface of the pressure relief mechanism, namely a groove region is arranged on the surface of the pressure relief mechanism, and the thickness in the groove is thinner, so that the pressure relief mechanism can be broken at the groove, and more accurate directional breaking and exhausting are realized.
Further, considering that when mounting, if the groove is provided on the side of the pressure relief mechanism close to the inside of the case, since electrolyte exists in the battery cell, the electrolyte may accumulate in the groove, and corrode the groove portion, which may lead to premature rupture of the pressure relief mechanism, the groove is generally provided on the side of the pressure relief mechanism away from the inside of the case, which may prevent corrosion of the electrolyte.
In some embodiments, the depth of the third groove is 0.15mm to 0.45 mm.
In some embodiments, a bottom wall of the third groove is provided with a fourth groove, and the pressure relief mechanism is configured to rupture at the fourth groove when the internal pressure of the battery cell reaches a threshold value, so as to relieve the internal pressure.
Considering the installation of being convenient for, the department that pressure relief mechanism links to each other with the first wall of casing should not design too thin, consequently can set up the third recess at pressure relief mechanism, sets up the fourth recess in the third recess, can make the position outside the fourth recess region thicker like this, and thickness is thinner in the fourth recess, the processing of being convenient for more.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the pressure relief mechanism at the fourth groove is 0.08mm to 0.15 mm.
In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes: and the protective layer is positioned on the outer side of the first wall and covers the pressure relief mechanism and is used for protecting the pressure relief mechanism.
In some embodiments, a gap is provided between a surface of the protective layer facing the pressure relief mechanism and a surface of the pressure relief mechanism facing the protective layer.
Because when pressure relief mechanism exhausts, pressure relief mechanism opens to the outside of casing, just so need certain open space can make pressure relief mechanism can break and open, so the protective layer need set up the clearance towards this pressure relief mechanism's surface and this pressure relief mechanism between the surface towards this protective layer, make the protective layer both can protect pressure relief mechanism like this, prevent that battery monomer when the equipment is the battery, the part that needs to set up in the free below of battery in the battery is to pressure relief mechanism's extrusion, can not hinder opening of pressure relief mechanism again.
In some embodiments, a fifth groove is disposed on an outer side of the first wall, the opening is located at a bottom wall of the fifth groove, and the protective layer is disposed on an outer surface of the first wall to cover the fifth groove.
In some embodiments, a first groove is disposed on an outer side of the first wall, the first groove is located at a bottom wall of the fifth groove, the pressure relief mechanism is disposed at the bottom wall of the first groove, and the bottom wall of the fifth groove is flush with a surface of the pressure relief mechanism, which is far away from an inner side of the first wall.
In some embodiments, the depth of the fifth groove is 0.3mm to 0.6 mm.
In some embodiments, the protective layer has a thickness of 0.1mm to 0.2 mm.
In some embodiments, the housing is a hollow cuboid and has an opening at one end, the first wall is a bottom wall of the housing, and the bottom wall of the housing is a wall opposite to the opening of the housing.
In some embodiments, the bottom wall of the housing has a thickness of 1.2mm to 2 mm.
In some embodiments, the battery cell includes: the cover plate covers the opening of the shell; an electrode terminal including a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal both disposed on the cap plate.
The bottom wall of the shell is provided with the pressure relief mechanism which is not positioned on the same side as the electrode terminals on the cover plate, when thermal runaway occurs in the single battery, the pressure relief mechanism is broken, and liquid or solid comburent can be ejected outwards while air pressure in the single battery is released, wherein the liquid or solid comburent can also comprise conductive substances, so that the pressure relief mechanism is arranged on the bottom wall of the shell, and short circuit between the electrode terminals can be avoided; meanwhile, considering that the electrode terminal is generally upward when the battery is installed in the vehicle, namely, toward the passenger, the pressure relief mechanism is installed on the bottom wall of the housing, so that substances such as air flow and the like released after the pressure relief mechanism is broken cannot be discharged to the passenger, and therefore the passenger cannot be burnt or scalded, and the danger of the passenger is reduced.
In some embodiments, the battery cell includes: the electrode assembly is disposed within the housing.
According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a battery comprising: a plurality of battery cells, including at least one battery cell as described in the first aspect above and any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect; a bus member for electrically connecting the plurality of battery cells; a case for accommodating the plurality of battery cells and the bus bar member.
According to a third aspect of the present application, there is provided an electric device comprising: a battery as in the second aspect above.
The electric device can be a vehicle, a ship or a spacecraft.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic exterior view of some embodiments of a vehicle employing a battery of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of some embodiments of the battery of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of some embodiments of a battery module in a battery of the present application;
fig. 4 is an exploded view of some embodiments of a battery cell with a pressure relief mechanism of the present application;
fig. 5 is an exploded view of some embodiments of a battery cell with a pressure relief mechanism and a backing plate of the present application;
fig. 6 is an exploded view of some embodiments of a battery cell with a pressure relief mechanism of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a bottom view of the housing of the present application provided with a pressure relief mechanism;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of area A1 of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the housing of FIG. 9;
fig. 11 is a top view of the battery cell shown in fig. 5 after assembly;
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B' of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of area A2 of FIG. 12;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this application and the description of the above figures are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application or in the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between different elements and not for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
The term "and/or" herein is merely an association describing an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B, may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
The "plurality" in the present application means two or more (including two), and similarly, "plural" means two or more (including two) and "plural" means two or more (including two).
The battery cell described in the embodiments of the present application and the battery including a plurality of battery cells are applicable to various devices using a battery, for example, mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, battery cars, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, electric tools, and the like, for example, spacecraft including airplanes, rockets, space shuttle, and space craft, and the like, electric toys including stationary or mobile electric toys, for example, game machines, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, and the like, electric tools including metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools, and electric tools for railways, for example, electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, electric impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers.
The battery cell and the battery including a plurality of battery cells described in the embodiments of the present application are not only limited to be applied to the above-described devices, but also applicable to all devices using batteries.
For example, as shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the vehicle 1 may be a fuel automobile, a gas automobile, or a new energy automobile, and the new energy automobile may be a pure electric automobile, a hybrid electric automobile, or an extended range automobile. A battery 10 may be disposed inside the vehicle 1, and the battery 10 may be a battery pack or a battery module, for example, the battery 10 may be disposed at the bottom of the vehicle 1 or at the head or tail of the vehicle; the vehicle 1 may also be provided with a controller 30 and a motor 40 inside. The battery 10 may be used for supplying power to the vehicle 1, for example, the battery 10 may be used as an operation power source of the vehicle 1 for a circuit system of the vehicle 1, for example, for a power demand for operation during starting, navigation and running of the vehicle 1. In another embodiment of the present application, the battery 10 may be used not only as an operation power source of the vehicle 1 but also as a driving power source of the vehicle 1, instead of or in part replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1.
In order to meet different power requirements, the battery 10 may include one or more battery modules (or may also be referred to as a battery module), wherein the plurality of battery modules may be connected in series or in parallel or in a series-parallel manner, and the series-parallel manner refers to a mixture of series connection and parallel connection. For example, as shown in fig. 2, in a schematic structural diagram of a battery 10 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery 10 includes a first cover 111, a second cover 112 and a plurality of battery modules 11, wherein the shape of the first cover 111 and the second cover 112 may be determined according to the shape of the combination of the one or more battery modules 11, the first cover 111 and the second cover 112 each have an opening, for example, each of the first cover 111 and the second cover 112 may be a hollow rectangular parallelepiped and only one surface of each cover is an open surface, that is, the surface does not have a housing wall so that the inside and the outside of the housing communicate, the first cover 111 and the second cover 112 are fastened to each other at the opening to form a closed housing of the battery 10, and the one or more battery modules 11 are connected to each other in parallel or in series-series combination and then placed in the housing formed by fastening the first cover 111 and the second cover 112.
In another embodiment of the present application, when the battery 10 includes one battery module 11, the battery module 11 is disposed in a housing formed by fastening the first cover 111 and the second cover 112.
Electricity generated by the one or more battery modules 11 is drawn through the housing by conductive means (not shown).
In addition, the battery 10 may include other structures, which are not described in detail herein. For example, the battery 10 may further include a bus member for achieving electrical connection between a plurality of battery cells (not shown); for another example, the battery 10 may further include a cooling component for accommodating a cooling medium to cool the one or more battery modules 11, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
According to different power requirements, the battery module 11 may include one or more battery cells 20, for example, as shown in fig. 3, one battery module 11 may include a plurality of battery cells 20, the plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series, parallel or series-parallel to achieve larger capacity or power, and the number of the battery cells 20 included in one battery module 11 may be set to any number. Each of the battery cells 20 may include, but is not limited to, a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium ion primary battery, a lithium sulfur battery, a sodium lithium ion battery, or a magnesium ion battery. The battery cell 20 may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular parallelepiped, or other shape.
In another embodiment of the present application, a plurality of battery cells 20 may be stacked together, and the plurality of battery cells 20 are connected in series, in parallel, or in series-parallel, and in another embodiment of the present application, each battery cell 20 may have a square shape, a cylindrical shape, or other shapes.
For each battery cell 20, a case, a cover plate, and an electrode assembly disposed in the case may be included, wherein the case may be a hollow rectangular parallelepiped, a square body, or a cylinder, and one of the faces of the case has an opening so that the electrode assembly may be placed in the case; the cover plate is connected to the case at the opening of the case to form a closed housing of the battery cell 20, and the housing may be filled with an electrolyte.
In addition, the battery cell further includes two electrode terminals, which are generally disposed on the cap plate and connected to the electrode assembly; the flat surface of the cover plate may also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism, which may be a part of the flat surface of the cover plate 212 or may be welded to the flat surface of the cover plate. Under the normal state, the pressure relief mechanism is combined with the cover plate in a sealing mode, namely the cover plate is connected with the shell at the opening of the shell to form a shell of the single battery 20, and a space formed by the shell of the single battery 20 is sealed and airtight. When the gas generated by the battery cell 20 is too much, the gas expands to increase the air pressure in the housing of the battery cell 20 to exceed a preset value, the pressure relief mechanism can be cracked to cause the inside and the outside of the housing of the battery cell 20 to be communicated, and the gas is released outwards through the cracked part of the pressure relief mechanism, so that the explosion is avoided.
In the conventional single battery, a pressure relief mechanism is usually arranged on a cover plate and is positioned on the same side with an electrode terminal, when thermal runaway occurs in the single battery, the pressure relief mechanism is broken, liquid or solid comburent can be ejected outwards while air pressure in the single battery is released, and a conductive substance can be included, so that short circuit between the electrode terminals can be caused; meanwhile, considering that the electrode terminal is generally directed upward, that is, toward the passenger when the battery is mounted in the vehicle, if the pressure relief mechanism is mounted on the same side as the electrode terminal, substances such as air flow and the like released after the pressure relief mechanism is ruptured may be discharged upward, which may cause burns or scalds to the passenger, increasing the risk to the passenger. Therefore, it is conceivable to mount the pressure relief mechanism at another location to solve the above problem, for example, on the housing under the cover plate, such as the bottom wall of the housing.
However, if the pressure relief mechanism is mounted on the housing, since the housing has a hollow structure with an opening at one end and the pressure relief mechanism is generally in a sheet shape, there may be a problem that the mounting of the pressure relief mechanism on the housing is inconvenient, especially when the pressure relief mechanism is mounted on the bottom wall of the housing, the mounting of the pressure relief mechanism having a complicated structure may be limited due to the limitation of the depth of the housing. In addition, the pressure of the internal electrode assembly and the electrolyte on the pressure relief mechanism is also required to be considered when the pressure relief mechanism is mounted on the casing, for example, for a battery mounted in a vehicle, the pressure of the internal electrode assembly and the electrolyte on the side wall and the bottom wall of the casing is applied when the vehicle runs, so that the pressure relief mechanism is required to have sufficient strength, and for example, the electrolyte may corrode the pressure relief mechanism due to the electrolyte arranged in the casing, which requires the pressure relief mechanism to be capable of avoiding corrosion. Therefore, embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell with a pressure relief mechanism, which can solve the above-mentioned problems of installation and strength.
Specifically, still taking the embodiment shown in fig. 1-3 as an example, fig. 4 shows another embodiment of the battery cell 20 of the embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, the battery cell 20 includes a case 211, a cap plate 212, one or more electrode assemblies 22, and a connection member 23.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the battery cell 20 may include a case 211 according to a shape of one or more electrode assemblies 22 combined, for example, the case 211 may be a hollow rectangular parallelepiped, a square cube, or a cylinder, and one surface of the case 211 has an opening so that one or more electrode assemblies 22 can be placed in the case 211, for example, when the case 211 is a hollow rectangular parallelepiped or a square, one surface of the case 211 is an opening surface, that is, the surface has no case wall so that the case 211 is communicated with the inside and the outside, and when the case 211 may be a hollow cylinder, the circular side surface of the case 211 is an opening surface, that is, the circular side surface has no case wall so that the case 211 is communicated with the inside and the outside. The cover plate 212 is connected to the case 211 at the opening of the case 211 to form a closed housing for accommodating the battery cell 20, and the case 211 is filled with an electrolyte.
As shown in fig. 4, the battery cell 20 may further include two electrode terminals 214, and the two electrode terminals 214 may be disposed on the cap plate 212. The cap plate 212 is generally in a plate shape, two electrode terminals 214 are disposed on and penetrate through the plate surface of the cap plate 212, the two electrode terminals 214 are a positive electrode terminal 214a and a negative electrode terminal 214b, respectively, and each electrode terminal 214 is provided with a connecting member 23, which may also be referred to as a current collecting member 23 or a copper-aluminum adaptor 23, disposed between the cap plate 212 and the electrode assembly 22.
As shown in fig. 4, each electrode assembly 22 may specifically include: at least one positive pole utmost point ear 221, at least one negative pole utmost point ear 222, naked electric core 224 and the insulating piece 223 of the naked electric core of parcel, wherein, do not distinguish the setting in the concrete position of positive pole utmost point ear 221 and negative pole utmost point ear 222 in fig. 4. The positive electrode tab 221 of the one or more electrode assemblies 22 is connected to one electrode terminal through one connecting member 23, and the negative electrode tab 222 of the one or more electrode assemblies 22 is connected to another electrode terminal through another connecting member 23, for example, the positive electrode terminal 214a is connected to the positive electrode tab 221 through one connecting member 23, and the negative electrode terminal 214b is connected to the negative electrode tab 222 through another connecting member 23.
In the battery cell 20, the electrode assembly 22 may be provided singly or in plurality according to actual use requirements, and as shown in fig. 4, at least two independent electrode assemblies 22 are provided in the battery cell 20.
In the battery cell 20, the electrode assembly 22 may have a winding structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
Optionally, the battery cell 20 in the embodiment of the present application may further include other components. For example, the battery cell 20 may further include at least one of a cap patch, a sealing nail, and a plastic nail, wherein the cap patch, the sealing nail, and the plastic nail may be mounted on the cover plate 212; in addition, the battery cell 20 may further include a blue film 25 disposed on an outer surface of the battery case 211 to insulate and protect the battery cell. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
In addition, as shown in fig. 4, the battery cell 20 may further include a backing plate 24, where the backing plate 24 is located between the electrode assembly 22 and the bottom wall of the case 211, and may support the electrode assembly 22 and effectively prevent the electrode assembly 22 from interfering with the rounded corners around the bottom wall of the case 211. The shape of the backing plate 24 in the embodiment of the present application may be set according to practical applications, for example, as shown in fig. 4, the backing plate 24 may be set to be rectangular in shape corresponding to the bottom wall of the housing 211, or may be set to be other shapes; in addition, the backing plate 24 may be provided with one or more through-holes, for example, a plurality of through-holes may be provided in a uniform or symmetrical arrangement, so that the spaces of the upper and lower surfaces of the backing plate 24 are communicated, and the electrolyte and the gas generated inside the electrode assembly 22 and the electrolyte can freely pass through the backing plate 24, thereby facilitating the conduction of the liquid and the gas.
The thickness of the backing plate 24 is generally set to 0.3 to 5mm, and preferably, it is an insulating member, but it may not be insulating. For example, the material of the backing plate 24 may be electrolyte-resistant and insulating materials such as PP, PE, PET, PPs, teflon, stainless steel, and aluminum, wherein the plastic materials such as PP, PE, PET, and PPs may be fire-resistant materials, and the surfaces of the metal materials such as aluminum or stainless steel may be anodized and insulated.
In this embodiment, the battery cell 20 further includes a pressure relief mechanism 213, the pressure relief mechanism 213 may be located on a bottom wall of the housing 211 of the battery cell 20, a through hole may be disposed on the bottom wall, and the pressure relief mechanism 213 is disposed at a corresponding position of the through hole, for example, the pressure relief mechanism 213 may be accommodated in the through hole. The pressure relief mechanism 213 is configured to be actuated to relieve the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 when the internal pressure reaches a threshold value.
The following describes in detail the backing plate 24, the pressure relief mechanism 213, and the case 211 included in the battery cell 20 according to the embodiment of the present application with reference to fig. 5. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the battery cell 20 includes a case 211, a pressure relief mechanism 213, and a backing plate 24. The housing 211 is a hollow cuboid and has an opening at one end, and a first wall of the housing 211 is provided with an opening 2111; a pressure relief mechanism 213 for actuating to relieve the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 when the internal pressure reaches a threshold value, the pressure relief mechanism 213 covering the opening 2111; the backing plate 24 may be used to support the electrode assembly 22 and is located inside the first wall of the case 211; the shim plate 24 has a protrusion 241, and the protrusion 241 extends toward the pressure relief mechanism 213 and is received in the opening 2111.
The battery monomer of this application embodiment, install pressure relief mechanism at the first wall of casing and when covering the trompil, there may be the difference in height between this pressure relief mechanism is close to the inside surface of casing and the casing internal surface, pressure relief mechanism is close to the inside surface of casing and is sunken for the internal surface of casing promptly, so there may be the piling up of electrolyte in this region, lead to the fact impact and corruption to pressure relief mechanism, and the backing plate of this application embodiment has set up the arch in pressure relief mechanism's corresponding region, this arch extends towards this pressure relief mechanism, also can fill in this depressed part, thereby reduce this partial accumulational electrolyte, alleviate the impact and the corruption of electrolyte to pressure relief mechanism, avoid pressure relief mechanism to break in advance.
The pressure relief mechanism 213 in the embodiment of the present application may be disposed on any wall of the housing 211, that is, the first wall may refer to a bottom wall or a side wall of the housing 211, wherein the bottom wall of the housing 211 is a wall opposite to the opening of the housing 211, and the side wall of the housing 211 is a wall adjacent to the opening of the housing 211. Specifically, the pressure relief mechanism 213 may be selectively provided on the bottom wall or the side wall of the housing 211 depending on the installation direction of the battery cell 20, and the like. For example, the first wall may be a bottom wall of the case 211, i.e., as shown in fig. 4 or 5, the pressure relief mechanism 213 may be disposed on the bottom wall of the case 211, and correspondingly, the pad 24 may also be disposed between the bottom wall of the case 211 and the electrode assembly 22, for example, when the battery cell 20 is mounted on an electric device such as a vehicle, the electrode terminal 214 of the battery cell 20 faces upward, i.e., as shown in fig. 3, in which case the pad 24 is generally disposed on the inner side of the bottom wall of the case 211, and the corresponding pressure relief mechanism 213 is also disposed on the bottom wall of the case 211. For another example, the first wall may also be a side wall of the case 211, that is, the pressure relief mechanism 213 may be disposed on the side wall of the case 211, and correspondingly, the pad 24 is also disposed between the side wall of the case 211 and the electrode assembly 22, for example, when the battery cell 20 is mounted, the side wall of the case 211 faces upward, and the electrode terminal 214 faces to the side, then the pad 24 may need to be disposed on the side wall of the case 211, and correspondingly, the pressure relief mechanism 213 is also disposed on the side wall of the case 211.
For convenience of explanation, the pressure relief mechanism 213 shown in fig. 5 is provided in the bottom wall of the housing 211 as an example. The bottom wall of the shell is provided with the pressure relief mechanism which is not positioned on the same side as the electrode terminals on the cover plate, when thermal runaway occurs in the single battery, the pressure relief mechanism is broken, and liquid or solid comburent can be ejected outwards while air pressure in the single battery is released, wherein the liquid or solid comburent can also comprise conductive substances, so that the pressure relief mechanism is arranged on the bottom wall of the shell, and short circuit between the electrode terminals can be avoided; meanwhile, considering that the electrode terminal is generally upward, namely, toward the passenger when the battery is installed in the vehicle, the pressure relief mechanism is installed on the bottom wall of the housing, so that substances such as airflow and the like released after the pressure relief mechanism is broken are not discharged to the passenger but exhausted in the direction opposite to the passenger, and thus, the passenger is not burnt or scalded, and the danger of the passenger is reduced.
Next, the pressure relief mechanism 213 provided in the battery cell 20 according to the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
It should be understood that the pressure relief mechanism 213 in the present embodiment may be disposed on the inner surface or the outer surface of the bottom wall of the housing 211. However, considering that the pressure relief mechanism 213 is disposed on the bottom wall of the housing 211, the housing 211 is a hollow rectangular parallelepiped, and the difficulty of disposing the pressure relief mechanism 213 on the inner surface of the bottom wall of the housing 211 is large due to the depth of the housing 211, so for convenience of processing, the pressure relief mechanism 213 is generally disposed on the outer surface of the bottom wall of the housing 211, or is installed from the outer surface of the housing 211, and will be described below by way of example.
As shown in fig. 6, the housing 211 in fig. 6 has an upward bottom wall and a downward open end opposite to the bottom wall; the pressure relief mechanism 213 is disposed outside the housing 211, and the pressure relief mechanism 213 may be installed by providing a groove on an outer surface of the housing 211, for example, as will be described in detail below. In addition, in order to protect the pressure relief mechanism 213 from other components outside the housing 211, the battery cell 20 may further include: the protection layer 2131 is located outside the bottom wall of the housing 211 and covers the pressure relief mechanism 213, so as to protect the pressure relief mechanism 213. For example, the protective layer 2131 may be provided on the outer surface of the housing 211.
The shapes of the components in the embodiment of the present application may be set according to practical applications, for example, the shapes of the protective layer 2131, the pressure relief mechanism 212, and the opening 2111 in the housing 211 in the embodiment of the present application may be set to be the same, for example, they may be set to be circular or rectangular, or, as shown in fig. 6, they may also be set to be racetrack-shaped, or the pressure relief mechanism 213 may also be set to be other shapes, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto. Fig. 7 shows a bottom view of the case 211 having the pressure relief mechanism 213 as shown in fig. 6, that is, fig. 7 shows a surface of the bottom wall of the case 211 where the pressure relief mechanism 213 is provided, and as shown in fig. 7, the racetrack shape is like an ellipse, with two ends being arc-shaped, but the middle being linear.
Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the housing 211 shown in fig. 7 taken along the direction a-a', wherein the bottom wall of the housing 211 is above fig. 8, and the open end of the housing 211 opposite to the bottom wall is directed downward; with respect to the area a1 with the pressure relief mechanism 213 in fig. 8, fig. 9 shows an enlarged view of this area a1, i.e., fig. 9 includes the bottom wall of the housing 211, the pressure relief mechanism 213, and the protective layer 2131, while fig. 10 is a schematic view of the housing 211 in fig. 9, i.e., fig. 10 is a schematic view of the pressure relief area 213 and the remaining portion of the protective layer 2131 in fig. 9 removed.
As can be seen from a comparison between fig. 9 and fig. 10, the bottom wall of the housing 211 is provided with an opening 2111, and the pressure relief mechanism 213 covers the opening 2111; the pressure relief mechanism 213 may be mounted outside of the housing 211, i.e., the pressure relief mechanism 213 is located outside of the bottom wall of the housing 211. For example, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, a first groove 2112 is provided on the outer side of the bottom wall of the housing 211, the opening 2111 is located on the bottom wall of the first groove 2112, and the pressure relief mechanism 213 is provided on the bottom wall of the first groove 2111. It is more convenient to install the pressure relief mechanism 213 from the outside of the housing 211, and the fixation of the pressure relief mechanism 213 is more easily achieved by the first groove 2111.
Since the pressure relief mechanism 213 is opened to the outside of the case 211 when the pressure relief mechanism 213 exhausts air, a certain opening space is required to open the pressure relief mechanism 213, and therefore, a gap needs to be provided between the surface of the protective layer 2131 facing the pressure relief mechanism 213 and the surface of the pressure relief mechanism 213 facing the protective layer 2131, so that the protective layer 2131 can protect the pressure relief mechanism 213, prevent the pressure relief mechanism 213 from being pressed by a component in the battery cell which needs to be disposed below the battery cell when the battery cell is assembled into the battery, and prevent the opening of the pressure relief mechanism 213 from being hindered.
In order to provide a gap between the pressure release mechanism 213 and the protective layer 2131, a groove may be provided on the outer surface of the housing 211. Specifically, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, in the case that the protection layer 2131 is disposed on the outer surface of the bottom wall of the housing 211, a fifth groove 2113 may be further disposed on the outer side of the bottom wall of the housing 211, the opening 2111 is located on the bottom wall of the fifth groove 2113, the protection layer 2131 is disposed on the outer surface of the bottom wall of the housing 211 to cover the fifth groove 2113, in addition, the first groove 2112 is located on the bottom wall of the fifth groove 2113, and the pressure relief mechanism 213 is disposed on the bottom wall of the first groove 2112.
It should be understood that the dimensions of the various components in the embodiments of the present application may be set according to the application, for example, as will be illustrated in connection with fig. 9 and 10.
As shown in fig. 9, the thickness h1 of the bottom wall of the housing 211 may be set generally to 1.2mm to 2mm, for example, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, or 2 mm. The thickness h2 of the protective layer 2131 may be set generally to 0.1mm to 0.2mm, for example, it may be generally 0.1mm, 0.15mm or 0.2 mm. The thickness h3 of the pressure relief mechanism 213 may be generally set to 0.3mm to 0.7mm, for example, may be set to 0.3mm, 0.5mm, or 0.7 mm. In the present embodiment, "mm" means millimeter.
Specifically, a third groove 2132 may be provided on at least one of the upper and lower opposite surfaces of the plate-shaped pressure relief mechanism 213, for example, fig. 9 exemplifies the provision of the third groove 2132 on the surface of the pressure relief mechanism 213 away from the inside of the housing 211; further, a fourth groove 2133 may be further provided on the bottom wall of the third groove 2132, for example, as shown in fig. 9, so that when the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold value, the pressure relief mechanism 213 is broken at the fourth groove 2133 to relieve the internal pressure, wherein the bottom wall of the groove in the embodiment of the present application refers to the wall opposite to the opening of the groove, and the side wall of the groove refers to the wall adjacent to the opening.
In order to make the pressure release mechanism 213 more easily break when thermal runaway occurs inside the battery cell, a notch may be added to the surface of the pressure release mechanism 213, that is, an area where the third recess 2132 and the fourth recess 2133 are provided on the surface of the pressure release mechanism 213, and the thickness inside the fourth recess 2133 is the thinnest, so that the pressure release mechanism 213 can be broken at a predetermined position to release the internal pressure, that is, the breaking position of the pressure release mechanism 213 is more precise, and directional breaking can be achieved.
It should be understood that the third recess 2132 and the fourth recess 2133 in the present embodiment are generally disposed on the surface of the pressure relief mechanism 213 away from the inside of the case, because the electrolyte exists in the battery cell 20, and if the third recess 2132 and the fourth recess 2133 are disposed on the surface close to the inside of the case 211, the electrolyte may accumulate in the recess on the surface of the pressure relief mechanism 213, and corrode the weak recess portion, which may lead to premature rupture of the pressure relief mechanism 213, so the recess is generally disposed on the side of the pressure relief mechanism 213 away from the inside of the case 211, which may avoid corrosion of the electrolyte.
The third recess 2132 and the fourth recess 2133 of the pressure relief mechanism 213 may be sized according to the application. For example, as shown in fig. 9, the depth h4 of the third groove 2132 may be generally set to 0.15mm to 0.45mm, for example, may be set to 0.15mm, 0.3mm, or 0.45 mm; the thickness h5 of the pressure relief mechanism 213 at the fourth recess 2133 may be generally set to 0.08mm to 0.15mm, for example, may be set to 0.08mm, 0.1mm, or 0.15 mm.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the bottom wall of the fifth groove 2113 in the embodiment of the present application may be flush with the surface of the pressure relief mechanism 213 away from the inner side of the bottom wall of the housing 211, in which case the depth of the first groove 2112 (irrespective of the portion of the fifth groove 2113) is equal to the thickness h3 of the pressure relief mechanism 213, i.e., the depth h3 of the first groove 2112 as shown in fig. 10 may also be set to 0.3mm to 0.7mm, for example, 0.3mm, 0.5mm, or 0.7 mm. In addition, the thickness of the pressure relief mechanism 213 may be set to be greater or less than the depth of the first notch 2112, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
In addition, as shown in fig. 10, the depth h6 of the fifth groove 2113 in the embodiment of the present application may be set generally to 0.3mm to 0.6mm, for example, may be set to 0.3mm, 0.5mm, or 0.6 mm; the remaining thickness of the bottom wall of the housing 211, except for the first notch 2112 and the fifth notch 2113, is the height difference h7 between the surface of the pressure relief mechanism 213 close to the inside of the housing 211 and the inner surface of the bottom wall of the housing 211, or the distance h7 between the bottom wall of the first notch and the surface of the inner side of the bottom wall of the housing 211, and the height difference h7 may be generally set to 0.4mm to 0.9mm, for example, 0.4mm, 0.6mm, or 0.9 mm.
As shown in fig. 10, the fifth notch 2113, the first notch 2112 and the opening 2111 form a stepped structure in the bottom wall of the housing 211 in the embodiment of the present application, and the width of the stepped structure will be exemplified below. The smallest width is the width L1 of the opening 2111 at the inner surface of the bottom wall of the housing 211, for example, L1 may be set generally at 22mm to 54mm, for example, at 22mm, 35mm, or 54 mm; the larger width is the width L2 of the first groove 2112, for example, L2 may be set to be generally 26mm to 58mm, for example, 26mm, 40mm or 58 mm; the width at the maximum is the width L3 of the fifth groove 2113, for example, L3 may be generally set to 28mm to 60mm, for example, may be set to 28mm, 45mm, or 60 mm.
The battery cell 20 including the gasket 24 and the pressure relief mechanism 213 in the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the gasket. Specifically, fig. 11 shows a top view of the battery cell 20 shown in fig. 4 after assembly, i.e., fig. 11 shows the surface of the cap plate 212 at the upper end of the battery cell 20; fig. 12 is a sectional view of the battery cell 20 shown in fig. 11 taken along the direction B-B'; fig. 13 shows an enlarged view of this region a2 for the region a2 with the pressure relief mechanism 213 in fig. 12.
As can be seen from fig. 12, the upper side of fig. 13 corresponds to the inside of the housing 211, and the lower side of fig. 13 corresponds to the outside of the housing 211. As shown in fig. 13, comparing with fig. 10, an opening 2111 is provided on the bottom wall of the housing 211, the opening 2111 is covered by the pressure relief mechanism 213, and a height difference is provided between the surface of the pressure relief mechanism 213 close to the housing 211 and the inner surface of the bottom wall of the housing 211; in addition, the bottom wall of the housing 211 is provided with a shim plate 24, the shim plate 24 is provided with a protrusion 241 at a corresponding position of the pressure relief mechanism 213, and the protrusion 241 extends in the direction of the pressure relief mechanism 213 and is accommodated in the opening 2111.
As shown in fig. 13, a gap is usually provided between the surface of the protrusion 241 facing the pressure relief mechanism 213 and the surface of the pressure relief mechanism 213 facing the protrusion 241, so that the protrusion 241 does not contact the surface of the pressure relief mechanism 213, and the impact and abrasion of the protrusion 241 on the pressure relief mechanism 213 are avoided. For example, referring to the dimensions in fig. 9 and 10, as shown in fig. 13, the distance h8 that the protrusion 241 extends towards the pressure relief mechanism 213 relative to the inner side of the bottom wall of the housing 211 may be generally set to 0.3mm to 0.8mm, for example, may be set to 0.3mm, 0.5mm or 0.8mm, so as to ensure a gap between the surface of the protrusion 241 facing the pressure relief mechanism 213 and the surface of the pressure relief mechanism 213 facing the protrusion 241, for example, the gap may be generally set to 0.05mm to 0.2mm, for example, may be set to 0.05mm, 0.1mm or 0.2 mm.
In addition, the protrusion 241 of the embodiment of the present application is received in the opening 2111, so the shape of the protrusion 241 generally conforms to the shape of the opening 2111, that is, taking the inner surface of the bottom wall of the housing 211 as an example, which is referred to herein as the first surface, then the shape of the cross section of the protrusion 241 along the first surface is the same as the shape of the cross section of the opening 2111 along the first surface; and the size of the area of the protrusion 241 along the cross-section of the first surface is slightly smaller than the size of the area of the opening 2111 along the cross-section of the first surface. For example, in comparison with the dimensions in fig. 10, as shown in fig. 13, the width L4 of the projection 241 may be set generally to 21mm to 53mm, for example, to 21mm, 35mm, or 53 mm.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be equivalently replaced, but the modifications or the replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (15)
1. A battery cell, comprising:
a housing (211), a first wall of the housing (211) being provided with an opening (2111);
a pressure relief mechanism (213) for actuating to relieve an internal pressure of the battery cell when the internal pressure reaches a threshold, the pressure relief mechanism (213) covering the opening (2111);
a backing plate (24) for supporting an electrode assembly (22) located inside the first wall;
wherein the shim plate (24) has a protrusion (241), the protrusion (241) extending towards the pressure relief mechanism (213) and being received in the opening (2111).
2. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that a gap is provided between a surface of the protrusion (241) facing the pressure relief mechanism (213) and a surface of the pressure relief mechanism (213) facing the protrusion (241).
3. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape of the cross section of the protrusion (241) along a first surface, which is the inner surface of the first wall, is the same as the shape of the cross section of the opening (2111) along the first surface.
4. A battery cell according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the pressure relief mechanism (213) is located outside the first wall.
5. The battery cell according to claim 4, wherein a first groove (2112) is formed on the outer side of the first wall, the opening (2111) is located at the bottom wall of the first groove (2112), and the pressure relief mechanism (213) is arranged at the bottom wall of the first groove (2112).
6. A battery cell according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the surface of the pressure relief mechanism (213) remote from the interior of the housing (211) is provided with a third groove (2132).
7. The battery cell according to claim 6, wherein a bottom wall of the third groove (2132) is provided with a fourth groove (2133), and the pressure relief mechanism (213) is configured to rupture at the fourth groove (2133) to relieve internal pressure of the battery cell when the internal pressure reaches a threshold value.
8. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:
and the protective layer (2131) is positioned on the outer side of the first wall, covers the pressure relief mechanism (213) and is used for protecting the pressure relief mechanism (213).
9. The battery cell according to claim 8, wherein a fifth groove (2113) is provided on the outer side of the first wall, the opening (2111) is located at the bottom wall of the fifth groove (2113), and the protective layer (2131) is provided on the outer surface of the first wall to cover the fifth groove (2113).
10. The battery cell according to claim 9, wherein a first groove (2112) is arranged on the outer side of the first wall, the first groove (2112) is located at the bottom wall of the fifth groove (2113), the pressure relief mechanism (213) is arranged at the bottom wall of the first groove (2112), and the bottom wall of the fifth groove (2113) is flush with the surface of the pressure relief mechanism (213) far away from the inner side of the first wall.
11. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the housing (211) is a hollow rectangular parallelepiped and has an opening at one end, the first wall is a bottom wall of the housing (211), and the bottom wall of the housing (211) is a wall opposite to the opening of the housing.
12. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the battery cell comprises:
a cover plate (212) that covers the opening of the housing (211);
an electrode terminal (214), the electrode terminal (214) including a positive electrode terminal (214a) and a negative electrode terminal (214b) both disposed on the cap plate.
13. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the battery cell comprises:
the electrode assembly (22), the electrode assembly (22) being disposed within the case (211).
14. A battery, comprising:
a plurality of battery cells including at least one battery cell of any one of claims 1 to 13;
a bus member for electrically connecting the plurality of battery cells;
a case for accommodating the plurality of battery cells and the bus bar member.
15. An electrical device, comprising: the battery of claim 14.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021358020.3U CN213546446U (en) | 2020-07-10 | 2020-07-10 | Battery cell, battery and consumer |
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| CN202021358020.3U CN213546446U (en) | 2020-07-10 | 2020-07-10 | Battery cell, battery and consumer |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2023004723A1 (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2023-02-02 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery cell and manufacturing method and system therefor, battery, and power consuming device |
| WO2023097871A1 (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2023-06-08 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery cell and manufacturing method and device therefor, battery, and electrical apparatus |
| WO2023108529A1 (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-06-22 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery cell, cover assembly, battery, electrical device, method, and equipment |
| WO2023159840A1 (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-08-31 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery cell, battery, and electrical device |
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2020
- 2020-07-10 CN CN202021358020.3U patent/CN213546446U/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2023004723A1 (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2023-02-02 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery cell and manufacturing method and system therefor, battery, and power consuming device |
| CN116114109A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2023-05-12 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery cell, manufacturing method and manufacturing system thereof, battery and electricity utilization device |
| WO2023097871A1 (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2023-06-08 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery cell and manufacturing method and device therefor, battery, and electrical apparatus |
| WO2023108529A1 (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-06-22 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery cell, cover assembly, battery, electrical device, method, and equipment |
| WO2023159840A1 (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-08-31 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery cell, battery, and electrical device |
| WO2023159847A1 (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-08-31 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery cell, battery, and electrical apparatus |
| WO2023159588A1 (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-08-31 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery cell, battery, and electrical device |
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