CN213490999U - Hemodialyzer with improved structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a hemodialysis ware of institutional advancement belongs to blood purification technical field. The hemodialyzer comprises a cylindrical shell, a bundled membrane material, a packaging rubber block, an arterial end cover and a venous end cover; at least the central area of the packaging rubber block is sleeved with a dialysate drainage tube component, and the tube component is provided with a submerged drainage tube section which is arranged along the axial direction of the shell and is submerged into the bundled membrane material; the drainage tube assembly comprises a mounting sleeve which is hermetically pre-embedded on the packaging rubber block, and an insertion tube which is detachably and hermetically sleeved in the mounting sleeve, wherein the outer end part of the insertion tube is communicated with a dialysate interface terminal fixedly arranged on the end cover; and along the axial direction of the cylindrical shell, the middle part points to the directions of the two end parts, and the two end parts of the cylindrical shell are flaring end structures with outwards expanded calibers. The dialysis fluid can be introduced into the bundle-shaped membrane material by arranging the submerged drainage tube section positioned in the central area, so that the dialysis fluid can be dispersed from the middle, the hemodialysis effect can be effectively improved, and the hemodialysis device can be widely applied to the field of clinical treatment.

Description

Hemodialyzer with improved structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a blood purifies technical field, specifically speaking relates to a institutional advancement's hemodialyzer.

Background

Blood purification is a common medical means, and is mainly characterized in that the blood of a patient is led out of the body and then led into a blood purification unit to remove toxins or metabolic wastes in the blood, and finally the purified blood is led back to the body of the patient; currently, there are two main types of blood purification methods, namely dialysis and perfusion, and a blood purification unit used for hemodialysis is a dialyzer, for example, a blood purification unit disclosed in patent publication No. CN 108114334A.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the hemodialyzer 01 structurally includes a cylindrical case 02, a bundle-like membrane material 03 fitted in the cylindrical case, a packing rubber block 010 and a packing rubber block 011 for sealing and filling a gap between both ports of the cylindrical case 02 and an end of the bundle-like membrane material 03, an arterial end cap provided with a blood inlet, and a venous end cap provided with a blood outlet; the bundle-shaped mold material 03 is of a hollow fiber tube structure, and a dialysate inlet 051 and a dialysate outlet 041 are correspondingly arranged at the two end parts of the cylindrical shell 02 and at the inner side of the packaging rubber block. In the process of hemodialysis, a dialyzer is filled with dialysate through a dialysate inlet and a dialysate outlet, then the blood of a patient is introduced into a bundle membrane material through a blood inlet on an arterial end cap, medium and small molecular toxins in the blood are dispersed into the dialysate outside the bundle membrane material, and the medium and small molecular toxins in the blood of the patient are removed through continuous alternate flow of the dialysate so as to play a role in treatment.

However, in the above-mentioned hemodialyzer 01, after the dialysate enters the cylindrical housing 02 from the dialysate inlet 051, since the gaps between the tube walls of the bundle-shaped membrane materials 03 are narrow and have resistance, the flow velocity of the dialysate in the vertical direction is gradually reduced along the negative X-axis direction, that is, along the direction away from the dialysate inlet 51 and the dialysate outlet 41, and the flow velocity of the blood entering each bundle-shaped membrane material 03 is substantially the same, so that the amount of the dialysate flowing through the outside of the bundle-shaped membrane material on the side closer to the dialysate inlet 051 and the dialysate outlet 041 is larger at the same time, and the dialysis efficiency is generally distributed to be decreased along the negative X-axis direction, so that the dialysis efficiency of a part of the blood is not enough to affect the overall dialysis efficiency of the blood.

In addition, as shown in fig. 2, in the theoretical design, the bundle-shaped membrane materials 03 are uniformly arranged on the cross section of the cylindrical shell 02, that is, the gaps between the tube walls of two adjacent bundle-shaped membrane materials 03 are substantially the same, but due to the influence of the manufacturing process, the density of the bundle-shaped membrane materials 03 at the central region of the cross section of the cylindrical shell 02 is greater than that at the outer periphery, which further aggravates the non-uniformity of the hemodialysis efficiency.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model mainly aims to provide a hemodialysis ware of institutional advancement to improve hemodialysis efficiency.

In order to achieve the main purpose, the hemodialyzer provided by the utility model comprises a cylindrical shell, a bundled membrane material sleeved in the cylindrical shell, an encapsulation rubber block for sealing and filling the gap between the end of the bundled membrane material and the end of the cylindrical shell, an arterial end cover provided with a blood inlet and a dialysate interface terminal, and a venous end cover provided with a blood outlet and a dialysate interface terminal; at least the central area of the packaging rubber block is hermetically sleeved with a dialysate drainage pipe assembly, and the dialysate drainage pipe assembly is provided with a submerged drainage pipe section which is arranged along the axial direction of the cylindrical shell and is submerged into the bundled membrane material; the drainage tube assembly comprises a mounting sleeve which is hermetically pre-embedded on the packaging rubber block, and an insertion tube which is detachably and hermetically sleeved in the mounting sleeve, wherein the outer end part of the insertion tube is communicated with a dialysate interface terminal fixedly arranged on the end cover; and along the axial direction of the cylindrical shell, the middle part points to the directions of the two end parts, and the two end parts of the cylindrical shell are flaring end structures with outwards expanded calibers.

By arranging the end covers on the dialysate inlet and outlet terminals, and at least leading dialysate into the gaps between the bundle-shaped membrane materials from the central area and leading the dialysate out from the gaps in the central area by using the dialysate drainage tube component penetrating through the packaging rubber block, the converging effect from outside to inside and the diverging effect from inside to outside can be formed by utilizing the periphery of the drainage tube section during use, and compared with the prior art, the dialysate effect can be better improved; based on the matching of the outer flaring structure of the shell and the section of the submerged drainage tube, the problem that the bundled membrane material at the central area is concentrated can be effectively avoided, so that the hemodialysis effect is further improved; in addition, the dialysate drain assembly is constructed based at least on the cannula and mounting sleeve structure, facilitating manufacture and assembly of the components.

The specific scheme is that the front end pipe section of the mounting sleeve extends out of the packaging rubber block to form a submerged drainage pipe section submerged in the bundled membrane material, so that the manufacturing process is effectively simplified.

The specific scheme is that the front end pipe section of the cannula penetrates through the mounting sleeve to form an immersed drainage pipe section immersed in the bundled membrane material.

More specifically, a sealing element is tightly pressed between the insertion tube and the installation sleeve.

The preferable scheme is that the section of the submerged drainage pipe is of a conical pipe structure, and one end adjacent to the packaging rubber block is a large-diameter port. The position of the beam-shaped membrane material is better adjusted by effectively matching with the flaring structure.

The further proposal is that a liquid distribution port which is arranged in a multilayer structure is distributed on the side wall of the tube which is submerged in the drainage tube section along the axial direction of the tube which is submerged in the drainage tube section; each layer of liquid distribution port is provided with more than two liquid distribution ports and is uniformly distributed around the circumference of the submerged drainage pipe section, so that the liquid distribution efficiency and the uniform liquid distribution effect are improved; the inserting end part of the submerged drainage pipe section is a sealing end part, and the outlet end is set to be in a sealing structure, so that the dialysis liquid can be effectively prevented from directly entering a wedge-shaped opening formed by the insertion of the submerged drainage pipe section, and the effect of uniformly distributing the liquid is improved.

The preferable proposal is that a plurality of liquid distribution ports are distributed on the side wall of the tube which is submerged in the drainage tube section. Based on the arrangement of the plurality of liquid distribution ports on the tube wall, when the immersed drainage tube section can be utilized to introduce dialysate into the gap between the bundle-shaped membrane materials, the dialysate can be better ensured to flow in a part of the space between the insertion end surface of the tube section and the packaging rubber block to carry out hemodialysis, the immersed drainage tube section can be utilized to introduce the dialysate from the gap between the bundle-shaped membrane materials, and the liquid distribution ports arranged on the tube wall can be utilized to better ensure that the dialysate flows in a part of the space between the insertion end surface of the tube section and the packaging rubber block to carry out hemodialysis, so that the length of the immersed drainage tube section can be adaptively adjusted according to the length of the cylindrical shell, the cylindrical shell with different length sizes can be better adapted, namely, the length of the cylindrical shell can be increased along with the increase of the length of the cylindrical shell, and the efficiency of the hemodialysis can be effectively improved.

The further proposal is that a plurality of liquid distributing ports are arranged on the submerged drainage pipe section in a multilayer structure along the axial direction of the pipe submerged in the drainage pipe section; the inserting end part of the drainage pipe section is a sealing end part; the same submerged drainage pipe section has the same flow area of all the liquid distribution ports.

The cannula at the central area penetrates through the blood channel in the end cover along the axial direction of the cylindrical shell, and the penetrating pipe part is positioned at the central area of the blood channel, so that the blood channel is of an annular structure, and the blood can form circulation at the inlet to improve the uniform liquid distribution effect.

The preferable scheme is that the part of the pipe section sleeved with the insertion pipe and the installation sleeve is of a frustum-shaped structure, and the sealing element pressed between the insertion pipe and the installation sleeve is an elastic sealing ring, so that the assembly is convenient.

The preferred scheme is that the insertion tube and the end cover body fixedly arranged on the insertion tube are manufactured in an integrated forming mode, and assembly and manufacture are facilitated.

The preferable proposal is that more than three layers of liquid distribution ports are distributed on the submerged drainage pipe section distributed in the central area of the packaging rubber block, and the number of the liquid distribution ports on each layer is more than two; effectively improves the liquid distribution efficiency and the effect of uniform liquid distribution.

The further proposal is that the total flow area of the liquid distribution port on the upstream layer is more than or equal to the total flow area of the liquid distribution port on the downstream layer along the axial direction of the pipe which is submerged into the drainage pipe section and points to the direction of the insertion end of the drainage pipe section. Effectively improves the liquid distribution efficiency and adapts to the dialysis effect of the membrane material.

The preferred scheme is along the axial of tube-shape casing, along the direction of every tip directive middle part, the intubate is the taper pipe structure with the tubular portion that the installation sleeve pipe is located the downstream side of the outer terminal surface of encapsulation piece, is convenient for make and assemble.

The further scheme is that on the same packaging rubber block, the number of the submerged drainage pipe sections is one, and the cone angle of the submerged drainage pipe sections is equal to that of the flaring end structure and is 10-20 degrees. Within the range of the cone angle, the flow rate of the dialyzate can be ensured, and the normal flow of blood can be effectively prevented from being obstructed by excessive bending of the beam-shaped membrane material.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional hemodialyzer with arterial and venous end caps omitted;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional hemodialyzer;

fig. 3 is a perspective view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is an axial sectional view of a cylindrical case according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of part B of FIG. 5;

fig. 7 is a perspective view of an end cap in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 8 is an axial sectional view of an end cap in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 9 is an axial sectional view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged end view of the structure shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure shown in FIG. 10;

fig. 12 is an enlarged view of a partial structure on the vein end in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 13 is an enlarged view of a partial structure in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 14 is an enlarged view of a partial structure in embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and accompanying drawings.

The utility model discloses a main design is to the water conservancy diversion structure of the dislysate import and export and lay the position and improve of the structure of dialysis fluid, mainly for with its integration to having blood import and export on the end cover, and set up the dislysate drainage tube subassembly that is used for converging or shunting, and have at least one to sink into and be equipped with the cloth liquid mouth on the drainage tube section to improve the dialysis efficiency of whole hemodialyzer, according to this design, other part structures on the hemodialyzer design with reference to current product.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 3 to 12, the hemodialyzer 1 of the present invention is a semipermeable hollow fiber membrane dialyzer; the hemodialyzer 1 specifically comprises a cylindrical shell 2, a bundled membrane material 3 sleeved in the cylindrical shell 2, an arterial end sealing rubber block 10 and a venous end sealing rubber block 11 for sealing and filling a gap between the end of the cylindrical shell 3 and the end of the bundled membrane material 3, an arterial end cap 4 provided with a blood inlet 40 and a dialysate interface terminal 41 for liquid outlet, and a venous end cap 5 provided with a blood outlet 50 and a dialysate interface terminal 51 for liquid inlet.

Wherein, the beam-shaped membrane material 3 is a semi-permeable hollow fiber membrane; the artery end cover 4 is sleeved outside the artery port of the cylindrical shell 2, the vein end cover 5 is sleeved on the vein port of the cylindrical shell 2, and the end cover and the end part of the cylindrical shell 2 are fixedly connected into an integral structure through welding. In the axial direction, the cylindrical shell 2 includes an upper flared end structure 20, a cylindrical structure 21 and a lower flared end structure 22 which are connected into an integral structure in sequence, and a glue filling port 201 is arranged at the side wall of the upper flared end structure 20, and a glue filling port 220 is arranged at the side wall of the lower flared end structure 22.

As shown in fig. 11, a dialysate outlet drainage tube assembly 6 is hermetically sleeved on the artery end packaging rubber block 10; the dialysate outlet drainage tube assembly 6 comprises a mounting sleeve 60 hermetically pre-embedded on the artery encapsulation rubber block 10, an outlet cannula 61 detachably and hermetically sleeved in the mounting sleeve, and a sealing element 62 tightly pressed between the two; the outer end part of the outlet cannula 61 is communicated with a dialysate interface terminal 41 fixedly arranged on the artery end cover 4 and is arranged along the axial direction of the cylindrical shell 2 after the assembly is finished; wherein, the front end pipe section of the installation sleeve 60 extends out of the artery end packaging rubber block 10 to form an immersed drainage pipe section which is immersed in the beam-shaped membrane material 3.

In the present embodiment, only one mounting sleeve 60 is disposed on the arterial end sealing rubber block 10, and is disposed at the central region of the port of the cylindrical housing 2; correspondingly, only one outlet cannula 61 is also fastened to the arterial end cap 4. The insertion end of the mounting sleeve 60 into the bundled film material 3 is a sealing end, and the wall of the mounting sleeve is provided with a multilayer liquid distribution port 600.

As shown in fig. 12, a dialysate inlet drainage tube component 7 is hermetically sleeved on the vein end packaging rubber block 11; the dialysate inlet drainage tube assembly 7 comprises a mounting sleeve 70 hermetically pre-embedded on the vein sealing rubber block 11, an inlet insertion tube 71 detachably and hermetically sleeved in the mounting sleeve, and a sealing member 72 tightly pressed between the two; the outer end part of the inlet insertion pipe 71 is communicated with a dialysate interface terminal 51 fixedly arranged on the vein end cover 5 and is arranged along the axial direction of the cylindrical shell 2 after the assembly is finished; wherein, the front end pipe section of the mounting sleeve 70 extends out of the vein end packaging rubber block 11 to form an immersed drainage pipe section immersed in the bundled membrane material 3.

In the present embodiment, only one mounting sleeve 70 is arranged on the vein-end packaging rubber block 11 and arranged at the central region of the port of the cylindrical shell 2; correspondingly, only one inlet cannula 71 is fixed to the venous end cap 5. The insertion end of the mounting sleeve 70 inserted into the bundled film 3 is a sealed end, and the wall of the mounting sleeve is provided with a multilayer liquid distribution port 700.

That is, in the present embodiment, the dialysate outlet drain assembly 6 and the dialysate inlet drain assembly 7 each include a submerged drain section that is submerged in the bundled membrane 3 in the axial direction of the cylindrical housing 2, and the submerged drain section is arranged in the axial direction of the cylindrical housing 2, and each of the walls thereof is provided with a plurality of liquid distribution ports.

In this embodiment, the mounting sleeve 60 and the mounting sleeve 70 are both frustum-shaped tube structures, the front ends of the frustum-shaped tube structures are closed, the large- diameter ports 608 and 708 are embedded in the packaging rubber block, the insertion ends of the outlet cannula 61 and the inlet cannula 71 are both frustum-shaped structures matched with the mounting sleeve, and the sealing element 62 and the sealing element 72 are both conical ring structures; in the present embodiment, the sealing elements 62 and 72 are both elastic sealing rings.

Along the axial direction of the cylindrical shell 2, the liquid distribution ports 600 and the liquid distribution ports 700 are of a multilayer structure on the submerged drainage pipe section, the number of the liquid distribution ports on each layer is more than two, the liquid distribution ports are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pipe wall, the liquid distribution ports are of a three-layer structure, the liquid distribution ports on the first layer are 6, the second layer is 4, and the third layer is 4 along the axial direction of the pipe wall and point to the insertion end of the pipe wall. The flow areas of the liquid distribution ports 600 and 700 are the same, so that on the same mounting sleeve, along the axial direction of the sleeve and in the direction pointing to the closed end of the sleeve, the radial size of the sleeve submerged into the drainage pipe section is reduced, the number of the liquid distribution ports which can be distributed on each layer is reduced on the general trend, and the total flow area of the upstream liquid distribution ports is larger than or equal to that of the downstream liquid distribution ports; in the embodiment, the inner diameter of the inlet submerged into the drainage pipe section is 4 cm to 4.5 cm, and the aperture of each liquid distribution port equivalent to the circular hole-shaped flow area is 2 mm to 3 mm. In order to ensure the liquid outlet pressure of each liquid distribution port, the size of each liquid distribution port submerged on the drainage pipe section can be set as follows: the sum of the flow areas of all liquid outlets on the same submerged drainage pipe section is less than or equal to the flow area of the inlet of the submerged drainage pipe section.

The blood inlet 40, the dialysate interface terminal 41, the outlet cannula 60 and the body of the arterial end cap 4 fixed by the three are made in an integral molding manner, and the blood inlet 50, the dialysate interface terminal 51, the inlet cannula 70 and the body of the venous end cap 5 fixed by the three are made in an integral molding manner, specifically in an injection molding manner; as shown in fig. 7-10, the dialysate interface terminal 51 is arranged in a 90 degree corner channel configuration with the internal passageway of the inlet cannula 70, and the dialysate interface terminal 41 is arranged in a 90 degree corner channel configuration with the internal passageway of the outlet cannula 60.

As shown in fig. 6 and 8, the included angle between the glue filling ports 201 and 220 arranged on the end wall of the cylindrical shell and the side wall is 10 ° to 20 °, preferably 10 ° in this embodiment, that is, when the inner wall inclination angle α of the upper and lower flared end structures is within this range, the inlet and outlet insertion tubes and the mounting sleeve can be easily inserted into the fiber membrane, and meanwhile, the fiber membrane is kept from being too loose under the constraint action of the flared end structures, so as to avoid loose fiber membrane bundles, and effectively avoid that the dialysate which does not enter the fiber membrane gap and directly flows out of the dialyzer flows through the fiber membrane when the dialysate flows through the fiber membrane; in addition, based on the structure, the problem that the bunched membrane material at the central area is concentrated, namely the density is high due to the process can be effectively relieved, and the hemodialysis effect is further improved.

As shown in fig. 6 and 10, at the end of the cylindrical body 2, the height of the straight cylinder 28 for screwing with the end cap is 10 mm-20 mm, and the interior thereof is used for accommodating the packaging rubber block, when blood/plasma flows into the dialyzer, the impact force of the blood/plasma can generate pressure on the packaging rubber block, if the thickness of the packaging rubber block is not enough to bear the pressure, the packaging rubber block will collapse to affect the use safety, generally the thickness of the packaging rubber block is required to be more than 10 mm, and the thickness of the packaging rubber block is too thick, which will increase the difficulty of the preparation process of the packaging rubber 8 and increase the production cost of the dialyzer, in this embodiment, the lower cost is selected as 10 mm; the small-diameter port of the flared end structure 20 has an inner diameter d1, the large-diameter port has an inner diameter d2, and the height is (d2-d1)/2tan α, which is in the range of 1.38 × (d2-d1) to 2.84 × (d2-d 1); the inner caliber of the blood inlet and outlet is 5 mm, the length of the cannula is 10 mm, and the inner caliber of the tail end is 5 mm.

The arrangement based on the structure is that the dialysate drainage tube assembly is provided with the submerged drainage tube section which is submerged into the fasciculate membrane material 3 from the central area, so that in the process of treating diseases by dialysis, the submerged drainage tube section can enable dialysate to be diffused into the surrounding fasciculate membrane material from the fasciculate membrane material 3 at the center.

Example 2

As a description of embodiment 2 of the present invention, only the differences from embodiment 1 will be described below.

Referring to fig. 13, the front end section of the insertion tube 61 passes through the mounting sleeve 60 to form a submerged drainage tube section submerged in the bundled membrane material 3, i.e., in the present embodiment, the liquid distribution port 610 is arranged on the distal end portion of the insertion tube 61; further, the distal end of the cannula 61 is an open end, i.e. the insertion end of the embodiment submerged in the drainage tube section is an open end.

Example 3

As a description of embodiment 3 of the present invention, only the differences from embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 will be described below.

The structure shown in fig. 14 is that the lower end part of the inlet cannula 61 is immersed into the bunched membrane material 3 to form an immersed drainage tube section, except that the tube wall is not provided with a liquid distribution port; at this moment, the liquid distribution effect can be improved by arranging a plurality of submerged drainage pipe sections and reducing the flow area of the outlet.

In the above embodiment, the central area of the port of the cylindrical shell 2 is uniformly provided with a submerged drainage tube section, which can effectively improve the efficiency of hemodialysis. Further, by arranging the liquid distribution port on the tube wall of the submerged drainage tube section, as shown in fig. 12, it is possible to ensure that the dialysate flows in a part of the space between the tube section insertion end surface 709 and the inner end surface 118 of the potting compound block, and as shown in fig. 13, it is possible to ensure that the dialysate flows in a part of the space between the tube section insertion end surface 619 and the inner end surface 108 of the potting compound block, and it is possible to perform hemodialysis, whereby it is possible to improve the efficiency of hemodialysis by sufficiently utilizing the dialysis membrane, and it is possible to set the length of the submerged drainage tube section according to the actual length of the cylindrical housing 2.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, based on above-mentioned structure, set up one and immerse the draft tube section and just can accomplish the cloth liquid effect usually, nevertheless the utility model discloses do not exclude to set up many technical scheme that immerse the draft tube section, only compare with other schemes, it sets up quantity less, to many technical scheme that set up, can be greater than the length that immerses the draft tube section that is located port peripheral region department that is located the port central zone department of tube-shape casing.

In addition, in the present invention, the "dialysate drain assembly" has a submerged drain section submerged in the bundle-like membrane material in the axial direction of the cylindrical housing "in" is configured to "the portion of the pipe section is inserted into a position between the plurality of bundle-like membrane materials, so that the portion of the pipe section is surrounded by a circle of the bundle-like membrane material".

The main idea of the present invention is to introduce dialysate into the gap between the dialysis membranes at least from the central region by using the dialysate drainage module with an immersed drainage tube section, and to introduce dialysate from the central region by converging, thereby improving the hemodialysis efficiency.

Claims (10)

1. A hemodialyzer with improved structure comprises a cylindrical shell, a bundled membrane material sleeved in the cylindrical shell, a packaging rubber block used for sealing and filling a gap between a port of the cylindrical shell and the end part of the bundled membrane material, an arterial end cover provided with a blood inlet and a dialysate interface terminal for liquid outlet, and a venous end cover provided with a blood outlet and a dialysate interface terminal for liquid inlet; the method is characterized in that:

at least the central area of the packaging rubber block is hermetically sleeved with a dialysate drainage pipe assembly, and the dialysate drainage pipe assembly is provided with a submerging drainage pipe section which is arranged along the axial direction of the cylindrical shell and is submerged into the bundled membrane material;

the drainage tube assembly comprises a mounting sleeve which is embedded on the packaging rubber block in a sealing manner, and an insertion tube which is detachably and hermetically sleeved in the mounting sleeve, wherein the outer end part of the insertion tube is communicated with a dialysate interface terminal fixedly arranged on an end cover;

and the two end parts of the cylindrical shell are flaring end structures with outwards expanded calibers.

2. A hemodialyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the front end pipe section of the installation sleeve extends out of the packaging rubber block to form an immersion drainage pipe section which is immersed in the bundled membrane material, or the front end pipe section of the insertion pipe penetrates through the installation sleeve to form an immersion drainage pipe section which is immersed in the bundled membrane material.

3. A hemodialyzer according to claim 2, characterized in that:

and a sealing element is tightly pressed between the insertion pipe and the installation sleeve.

4. A hemodialyzer according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:

the submerged drainage pipe section is of a conical pipe structure, and one end adjacent to the packaging rubber block is a large-diameter port.

5. A hemodialyzer according to claim 4, characterized in that:

along the axial direction of the tube of the submerged drainage tube section, a liquid distribution port which is arranged in a multilayer structure is distributed on the side wall of the tube of the submerged drainage tube section; each layer of liquid distribution port is provided with more than two liquid distribution ports and is uniformly distributed around the circumference of the submerged drainage pipe section;

the insertion end part of the submerged drainage pipe section is a sealed end part.

6. A hemodialyzer according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:

and a plurality of liquid distribution ports are distributed on the side wall of the tube which is submerged into the drainage tube section.

7. A hemodialyzer according to claim 6, characterized in that:

the plurality of liquid distribution ports are arranged on the submerged drainage pipe section in a multilayer structure along the axial direction of the pipe of the submerged drainage pipe section;

the insertion end part of the submerged drainage pipe section is a sealed end part;

the same submerged drainage pipe section has the same flow area of all the liquid distribution ports.

8. A hemodialyzer according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:

the cannula at the central area penetrates through a blood channel in the end cover along the axial direction of the cylindrical shell, and the penetrating pipe part is positioned at the central area of the blood channel;

the part of the pipe section sleeved with the insertion pipe and the installation sleeve is of a frustum-shaped structure, and a sealing element pressed between the insertion pipe and the installation sleeve is an elastic sealing ring;

the cannula and the body of the end cover fixedly arranged on the cannula are manufactured in an integrated forming mode.

9. A hemodialyzer according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:

more than three layers of liquid distribution ports are distributed on the submerged drainage pipe section distributed in the central area of the packaging rubber block, and the number of the liquid distribution ports on each layer is more than two;

and the total overflowing area of the liquid distribution port on the upstream layer is larger than or equal to that of the liquid distribution port on the downstream layer along the axial direction of the pipe immersed in the drainage pipe section and points to the direction of the insertion end of the drainage pipe section.

10. A hemodialyzer according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:

along the axial direction of the cylindrical shell and along the direction that each end part points to the middle part, the pipe parts of the insertion pipe and the installation sleeve, which are positioned on the downstream side of the outer end surface of the packaging rubber block, are both in a conical pipe structure;

on the same packaging rubber block, the number of the submerged drainage pipe sections is one, and the taper angle of the submerged drainage pipe sections is equal to that of the flaring end structure and is 10-20 degrees.

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