CN213484816U

CN213484816U - Solar photovoltaic photo-thermal component and solar water heater

Info

Publication number: CN213484816U
Application number: CN202021877084.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李全胜; 李伟; 孙晓光
Original assignee: Haier Smart Home Co Ltd; Qingdao Economic and Technological Development Zone Haier Water Heater Co Ltd
Current assignee: Haier Smart Home Co Ltd; Qingdao Economic and Technological Development Zone Haier Water Heater Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-01
Filing date: 2020-09-01
Publication date: 2021-06-18
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-01

Abstract

The utility model relates to a water heater technical field especially relates to a solar photovoltaic light and heat subassembly and solar water heater. The solar photovoltaic photo-thermal module comprises: the outer surface of the frame is black in color; the photovoltaic module is arranged on the inner side of the frame and comprises a back plate, a battery piece group and a front glass plate which are sequentially stacked, and a graphene film layer is arranged on the front side surface of the front glass plate; the evaporator is arranged in the frame and located on the back face of the photovoltaic module, and the color of the outer surface of the evaporator is black. In the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal component, the black appearance can increase the direct solar radiation and the heat absorption of the surrounding space, and the photo-thermal efficiency is improved, so that enough heat can be absorbed in rainy days and nights; through the arrangement of the graphene film layer, the front glass plate has a self-cleaning function by utilizing the high hydrophilicity of the graphene film layer, the surface of the photovoltaic module is prevented from being shielded by dirt, and therefore the generated energy is prevented from being reduced.

Description

Solar photovoltaic photo-thermal component and solar water heater

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a water heater technical field especially relates to a solar photovoltaic light and heat subassembly and solar water heater.

Background

In recent years, solar photothermal and photovoltaic technologies are continuously developed, a photovoltaic Photothermal (PVT) collector is gradually applied to a water heater, and a frame, a front glass and a back plate of a photovoltaic module in the existing PVT collector are mostly made of silver or white materials so as to reflect light incident on the frame to a laminating piece, thereby improving the power generation efficiency. The silvery or white appearance, however, prevents the PVT collector from adequately absorbing the solar radiation and the thermal energy of the surrounding space.

In addition, the PVT heat collector is installed in the difficult washing department more, can not obtain the maintenance, and the photovoltaic module surface is sheltered from by the dirt easily, and then leads to the generated energy to reduce.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a solar photovoltaic light and heat subassembly and solar water heater can increase the heat absorption effect, and makes the photovoltaic module surface have the automatically cleaning effect.

To achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:

a solar photovoltaic photo-thermal module comprising:

the outer surface of the frame is black in color;

the photovoltaic module is arranged on the inner side of the frame and comprises a back plate, a battery piece group and a front glass plate which are sequentially stacked, and a graphene film layer is arranged on the front side surface of the front glass plate;

the evaporator is arranged in the frame and located on the back face of the photovoltaic module, and the color of the outer surface of the evaporator is black.

Wherein, the color of the outer surface of the back plate is black.

Wherein the outer surfaces of the frame, the evaporator and the back plate are all provided with black coatings, and the solar absorption ratio of the black coatings is not less than 0.9.

Wherein, the frame includes a plurality of frames that end to end connects gradually, the frame include the curb plate and set up respectively in the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove at the upper and lower both ends of the inboard of curb plate, photovoltaic module's edge set up in the first mounting groove, the edge of evaporimeter is located in the second mounting groove.

The top surface of the first mounting groove is provided with a notch, and the notch is penetrated to the side plate by the end surface of the first mounting groove.

Wherein, a through hole is arranged on the side plate.

And the inner side wall of the side plate is provided with a depressed area around the through hole, and the depth of the depressed area is gradually increased from the edge to the direction close to the through hole.

Wherein, along the inboard outside of curb plate, the through-hole downward sloping sets up.

Wherein, the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal component further comprises:

the junction box is arranged on the back face of the photovoltaic module, a lead hole is formed in the back plate, and a lead for connecting the junction box and the battery piece group penetrates through the lead hole.

A solar water heater comprises the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal component.

Has the advantages that: the utility model provides a solar photovoltaic light and heat subassembly and solar water heater. In the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal component, the outer surfaces of the frame and the evaporator are black in color, so that direct solar radiation and heat absorption of surrounding space can be increased, and photo-thermal efficiency is improved, so that enough heat can be absorbed in rainy days and nights; through arranging the graphene film layer on the front glass plate, the front glass plate has a self-cleaning function by utilizing the high hydrophilicity of the graphene film layer, the surface of the photovoltaic module is prevented from being shielded by dirt, and therefore the generated energy is prevented from being reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a top view of a solar photovoltaic/thermal module provided by the present invention;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a solar photovoltaic photo-thermal module provided by the present invention;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a bezel provided by the present invention;

fig. 4 is a top view of the solar photovoltaic/thermal module provided by the present invention when the photovoltaic module is not assembled.

Wherein:

1. a frame; 11. a frame; 111. a side plate; 1111. a through hole; 1112. a recessed region; 112. a top plate; 113. a carrier plate; 114. a notch; 115. a second mounting groove;

2. a photovoltaic module; 21. a front glass plate; 22. a battery piece group; 23. a back plate; 24. a glue layer; 25. a junction box;

3. an evaporator; 31. an evaporator flow passage; 32. the patch up joint.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Wherein the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.

Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "secured" are to be construed broadly and encompass, for example, both fixed and removable connections; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may include the first feature being in direct contact with the second feature, or may include the first feature being in direct contact with the second feature but being in contact with the second feature by another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The embodiment provides a water heater which can work by utilizing electric energy and heat energy generated by solar energy. The water heater comprises a solar photovoltaic photo-thermal component and a water tank, wherein water in the water tank can be heated by heat generated by the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal component, and electric energy generated by the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal component can be used as driving electric energy of the water heater to ensure normal work of the water heater.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal module includes a frame 1, a photovoltaic module 2, and an evaporator 3. The frame 1 is of an annular structure, and the photovoltaic module 2 and the evaporator 3 are both arranged in the frame 1, so that the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal module forms a modular structure, and the installation and the maintenance are convenient. The photovoltaic module 2 is capable of receiving solar illumination and converting solar energy into electrical energy for storage or to provide operating electrical energy for electrical devices in the water heater. The evaporator 3 is capable of absorbing heat generated by solar energy in order to heat the water in the water tank. The evaporator 3 is positioned below the photovoltaic module 2, so that the situation that the evaporator 3 shields the illumination area of the photovoltaic module 2 can be avoided, and the overall structure of the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal module is more compact.

In order to increase the absorption effect of the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal component on the heat of the solar energy, the outer surfaces of the frame 1 and the evaporator 3 can be black in color, so that the direct solar energy radiation and the heat absorption of the surrounding space are increased, the photo-thermal efficiency is improved, and the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal component can absorb enough heat in rainy days and at night. Set up frame 1 and evaporimeter 3 to black, although can reduce the light of reflection to photovoltaic module 2 surfaces to reduce photovoltaic power generation's efficiency, but combine evaporimeter 3's heat absorption and with the heat exchange of the water in the water tank, can make photovoltaic module 2 whole operation at lower temperature, can improve photovoltaic module 2's power, make the holistic actual operating efficiency of solar photovoltaic photo-thermal module improve.

Specifically, photovoltaic module 2 includes backplate 23, battery piece group 22 and the preceding glass board 21 that stack in proper order, can be provided with glue film 24 between preceding glass board 21 and the backplate 23, and glue film 24 can bond backplate 23, battery piece group 22 and preceding glass board 21 three fixedly, and it is fixed to cooperate the shaping of laminator realization photovoltaic module 2. Back plate 23 and front glass plate 21 mainly serve to protect and fix cell stack 22 to prevent cell stack 22 from being damaged.

Alternatively, both the front glass plate 21 and the back glass plate 23 may be tempered glass. The front glass plate 21 can be made of ultra-white toughened glass, and the light transmittance can reach over 91.5% so as to improve the efficiency of the photovoltaic module 2.

Alternatively, the front glass plate 21 and the back plate 23 may each have a thickness of 0.5mm to 2.5 mm. This thickness range ensures both sufficient strength to protect the cell stack 22 and also reduces the loss of light in the front glass pane 21 and the weight of the photovoltaic module 2.

Alternatively, the adhesive layer 24 may be made of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate (EVA) or Polyolefin elastomer (POE). EVA and POE have better ageing-resistant, chemical medium resistance etc. excellent performance, long service life.

Optionally, the outer surface of the back sheet 23 may be black in color to further improve the heat absorption of the surface of the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal assembly to better absorb heat.

Optionally, the frame 1, the evaporator 3 and the back plate 23 are all provided with black coatings, and the black coatings can be formed in a spraying manner, so that the forming is convenient and the cost is low.

Optionally, the solar absorption ratio of the black coating is not less than 0.9, and the full matte glossiness of the powder spraying appearance is less than or equal to 40% so as to better absorb solar energy.

Alternatively, the thickness of the black coating can be 20-80 μm, so that the spraying cost can be reduced on the basis of ensuring the heat absorption effect.

In addition, the frame 1, the evaporator 3 and the back plate 23 are all set to be black, surface condensation or frosting can be avoided through self heat absorption, and automatic defrosting and snow melting of the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal assembly are facilitated.

Because the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal module needs to be arranged outdoors, the surface of the photovoltaic module 2 is easily covered with dirt, and the installation position of the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal module is generally inconvenient to clean, so that the actual illumination area of the photovoltaic module 2 is reduced, and the efficiency of the photovoltaic module 2 is affected.

To solve the above problem, the front-side surface (i.e., the surface receiving light irradiation) of the front glass plate 21 in the present embodiment is provided with a graphene film layer. The graphene film layer can increase diffuse reflection, thereby reducing reflection of light incident on the front glass plate 21 and increasing the amount of light transmitted through the front glass plate 21, and the graphene film layer has high hydrophilicity, so that the front glass plate 21 can have a self-cleaning function, thereby preventing dirt from adhering to the surface of the front glass plate 21.

In this embodiment, the frame 1 is a rectangular frame, and includes four frames 11 connected end to end in sequence, and the edges of the photovoltaic module 2 and the evaporator 3 are connected with the frames 11 of the corresponding sides respectively to fix the photovoltaic module 2 and the evaporator 3. Compare among the prior art directly with evaporimeter 3 setting at photovoltaic module 2's back, in this embodiment, evaporimeter 3 only contacts with frame 1, can avoid destroying photovoltaic module 2's structure, avoids fish tail backplate 23.

In other embodiments, the frame 1 may have other shapes, and the number of the frames 11 may be set as required.

As shown in fig. 2, photovoltaic module 2 sets up in the upper end of frame 11, and evaporimeter 3 sets up in the lower extreme of frame 11, and photovoltaic module 2 and evaporimeter 3 contactless just are provided with the clearance between the two, for the installation on the evaporimeter provides sufficient space to collide with photovoltaic module 2 when avoiding installing evaporimeter 3.

Optionally, the frame 1 may be made of an aluminum alloy, and has the advantages of light weight, low cost, high strength, and the like, and can stably support the photovoltaic module 2, and has a long service life.

Alternatively, the frame 1 may be oxidized and then sprayed with a black coating to prevent the frame 1 from rusting and corroding after being used outdoors for a period of time.

In this embodiment, the back of the back plate 23 is further provided with a junction box 25, the back plate 23 is provided with a wire hole, and a wire connecting the battery piece group 22 and the junction box 25 can penetrate through the wire hole. Terminal box 25 has a terminal that can be connected to an electrical storage device or an electrical consumer to draw power generated by stack 22.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the bezel 11 includes a side plate 111, and a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove 115 provided inside the side plate 111, an edge of the photovoltaic module 2 is located in the first mounting groove, and an edge of the evaporator 3 is provided in the second mounting groove 115 to be fixed respectively.

Specifically, the inner side of the side plate 111 is provided with a top plate 112 and a loading plate 113, and a first mounting groove is formed between the top plate 112 and the loading plate 113. The second mounting groove 115 is formed in a similar manner to the first mounting groove, and will not be described herein.

To prevent dust from abutting on the front glass plate 21, a notch 114 (refer to fig. 1) is formed in the top surface of the first mounting groove, and the notch 114 extends from the end surface of the first mounting groove to the side plate 111. Specifically, a notch 114 is provided on the top plate 112, and the notch 114 extends from one end of the top plate 112 away from the side plate 111 to a direction close to the side plate 111 and penetrates through the top of the side plate 111, so that dust on the surface of the front glass plate 21 can be directly discharged to the outside of the frame 1 through the notch 114.

Through the matching of the notch 114 and the graphene film layer, even if the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal module cannot be maintained in time, even in an area inconvenient for water use, accumulation of dust on the surface of the module can be effectively prevented, and rainwater or melted snow and frost can be discharged from the notch 114.

In order to enable water drops on the inner side of the frame 1 to be automatically discharged after frost or snow is melted, the side plate 111 is further provided with a through hole 1111, and the through hole 1111 can lead out the water drops on the inner side of the frame 1 to prevent the water drops from being gathered in the frame 1.

Optionally, a recessed area 1112 is disposed on the inner side wall of the side plate 111 around the through hole 1111, and the depth of the recessed area 1112 gradually increases from the edge to the direction close to the through hole 1111, so as to guide the water droplets into the through hole 1111 through the side wall at the recessed area 1112.

Alternatively, the through holes 1111 may be provided to be inclined downward along the inner side to the outer side of the side panel 111 to further guide the water droplets to be discharged out of the frame 1.

As shown in fig. 4, an evaporator flow channel 31 is arranged in the evaporator 3, the evaporator flow channel 31 contains a heat exchange medium, and the evaporator flow channel 31 is coiled in the evaporator 3 in a serpentine shape and is uniformly arranged, so that the heat absorption area can be increased, and the heat absorption area is favorable for fully absorbing the surrounding heat. The end of the evaporator flow passage 31 extends out of the evaporator 3 and is connected to a patch joint 32 via a copper pipe, and the patch joint 32 can be connected to a compressor.

In this embodiment, the evaporator 3, the compressor and the condenser are combined to form a heat pump system, so that the heat absorbed by the evaporator 3 is used to heat the water in the water tank.

Alternatively, the evaporator 3 may be a roll-bond evaporator or a finned evaporator.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, there are variations on the detailed description and the application scope according to the idea of the present invention, and the content of the description should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar photovoltaic photo-thermal module, comprising:

the outer surface of the frame (1) is black in color;

the photovoltaic module (2) is arranged on the inner side of the frame (1), the photovoltaic module (2) comprises a back plate (23), a battery piece group (22) and a front glass plate (21) which are sequentially stacked, and a graphene film layer is arranged on the front side surface of the front glass plate (21);

the evaporator (3) is arranged in the frame (1) and is positioned on the back face of the photovoltaic module (2), and the color of the outer surface of the evaporator (3) is black.

2. A solar photovoltaic photo-thermal module according to claim 1, characterized in that the external surface of the back sheet (23) is black in colour.

3. A solar photovoltaic photo-thermal module according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer surfaces of the frame (1), the evaporator (3) and the back sheet (23) are provided with a black coating having a solar absorption ratio not less than 0.9.

4. A solar photovoltaic photo-thermal module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the frame (1) comprises a plurality of frames (11) connected end to end in sequence, the frames (11) comprise side plates (111) and a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove (115) respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the inner side of the side plates (111), the edge of the photovoltaic module (2) is arranged in the first mounting groove, and the edge of the evaporator (3) is arranged in the second mounting groove (115).

5. The solar photovoltaic photo-thermal module according to claim 4, wherein a notch (114) is provided on the top surface of the first mounting groove, and the notch (114) penetrates from the end surface of the first mounting groove to the side plate (111).

6. A solar photovoltaic photo-thermal module according to claim 4, characterized in that said side plate (111) is provided with through holes (1111).

7. A solar photovoltaic photo-thermal module according to claim 6, characterized in that a recessed area (1112) is provided on the inner side wall of the side plate (111) around the through hole (1111), the depth of the recessed area (1112) gradually increasing from the edge towards the through hole (1111).

8. The solar photovoltaic photo-thermal module according to claim 6, characterized in that said through holes (1111) are arranged inclined downwards, along the inside towards the outside of said side plates (111).

9. The solar photovoltaic photo-thermal module of any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:

the junction box (25) is arranged on the back face of the photovoltaic module (2), a lead hole is formed in the back plate (23), and a lead for connecting the junction box (25) and the cell group (22) penetrates through the lead hole.

10. A solar water heater comprising a solar photovoltaic photo-thermal module according to any one of claims 1-9.