CN213481334U - Floating type sitting bottom observation system - Google Patents
Floating type sitting bottom observation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN213481334U CN213481334U CN202022494060.7U CN202022494060U CN213481334U CN 213481334 U CN213481334 U CN 213481334U CN 202022494060 U CN202022494060 U CN 202022494060U CN 213481334 U CN213481334 U CN 213481334U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a fixed point ocean observation technical field, concretely relates to floating type sit end observation system, it includes sit end observation system box and gravity anchor, sits end observation system box and gravity anchor and passes through the release cable and be connected, installs release on the baffle that sits end observation system box and set up, and the baffle divides sit end observation system box into upper box and lower box, and upper box is provided with underwater acoustic communicator, ADCP, CTD, optional observation instrument and floater; the lower box body is provided with a cable winding device with a friction disc. In the laying process, when the partition plate is positioned on the boundary surface of the soft sediment layer and the seawater, the moment generated by the release cable is larger than the maximum static friction moment of the friction disc of the cable rolling device, the cable rolling roller rotates, the release cable becomes long, the case body of the sitting bottom observation system is prevented from continuously sinking, and the thickness of the soft sediment layer at the laying point is adapted. The technical problems that the bottom observation system is possibly buried in a soft sediment layer to be lost due to too short release cables and is possibly dragged away by a fishing net to be lost due to too long release cables are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fixed point ocean observation technical field specifically is a floating type sits end observation system.
Background
The submarine observation system is an unattended marine element measuring platform system which is static on the seabed, and the deployment sea area is mainly concentrated on the coastal and offshore shallow sea areas of the sea and is a node of a three-dimensional monitoring network. The box body of the sitting bottom observation system is internally provided with various self-contained observation instruments such as an ADCP (acoustic Doppler current profiler), a CTD (thermohaline depth meter), an OBS (ocean bottom seismograph), a suspended sediment collector and other optional observation instruments such as an OBS (ocean bottom seismograph) and a suspended sediment collector, and after the submarine is laid, the instruments can continuously observe marine elements for a long time, can continuously and long-term track and monitor marine hydrodynamic parameters such as suspended sediment parameters, flow velocity profiles, water temperature, water level, tide, wave and the like, particularly measure marine dynamic parameters for a long time, and obtain underwater long-term hydrological observation data. The data observed by the sitting bottom observation system has important significance for the research of marine physical, chemical, biological and geological characteristics.
The basic structure of a commonly used bottom observation system is that one end of a fixed-length release cable is connected with an acoustic releaser in a bottom observation system box body, the other end of the fixed-length release cable is fixedly connected with a gravity anchor (counterweight), and after the acoustic releaser releases the release cable and the gravity anchor, the bottom observation system box body floats upwards and is recovered under the action of net buoyancy. The submarine topography fluctuates like the land topography, the submarine low-lying section is flat like the valley section topography on the land, a proper deployment point is easy to find, compared with a high-lying sitting bottom observation system, the sitting bottom observation system deployed in the submarine low-lying section is not easy to overturn, but sediment layers are easy to fall in a sediment layer compared with a plurality of sitting bottom observation systems, and the event of losing hundreds of thousands or millions of valuable instruments occurs in the marine observation process. The point deposit layer thickness is measured prior to deployment and the length of the release cable 126 is then determined. In the deployment process of the bottom observation system, due to disturbance of ocean currents, a certain deviation exists between an actual deployment point and an expected deployment point, a certain error exists between the thickness of a sediment layer and a measured value, the release cable is possibly too short, the bottom observation system is buried and lost, or the release cable is too long, and the bottom observation system is dragged away by a fishing net and lost, so that some people think that the bottom observation system cannot be deployed on the sediment layer.
In patent document CN201910659491.3, a winch controller and a measuring floating body are provided inside the submersible observation system, the measuring floating body is connected with the winch through a mooring rope, the winch can realize the retraction and release of the measuring floating body, and the measuring floating body is provided with a seawater parameter measuring instrument; the winch controller controls the winch to rotate forwards, reversely and stop, the mooring rope is released from the winch when the winch rotates forwards, and the floating body is measured to float upwards; when the winch rotates reversely, the mooring rope is withdrawn from the winch, and the sinking of the floating body is measured; when the system stops, the measurement floating body is suspended at a certain depth under water or is collected in the bottom-sitting observation system. The fishing boat monitor realizes intelligent evasion of the fishing boat. CN201910659491.3 prevents the deposit layer from covering it but does not avoid damage to it by the trawl.
Therefore, a floating type bottom observation system which can adapt to the thickness of the soft sediment layer on the seabed needs to be researched to solve the technical problem, reduce the loss probability of the bottom observation system and reduce the cost of unit observation data.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the above-mentioned problem that exists among the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a float formula and sit end observation system can stably lay in soft sediment layer.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a floating type bottom observation system comprises a bottom observation system box body, a release cable and a gravity anchor, wherein the bottom observation system box body is connected with the gravity anchor through the release cable, the bottom observation system box body is divided into an upper box body and a lower box body by a partition plate, an underwater acoustic communicator and a release device are fixedly installed in the upper box body, a signal cable is connected with the underwater acoustic communicator and the release device, and the release device is connected to the partition plate by a connecting bolt;
fixed mounting has a roll cable device in the lower box, it includes to roll up the cable device: the cable winding device comprises a rotating shaft, a left pressing plate, a left friction disc, a left base plate, a cable winding roller, a right base plate, a right friction disc, a right pressing plate, a nut and a locking nut; the release cable surrounds the cable rolling drum, one end of the release cable is connected with the release device, and the other end of the release cable is fixedly connected with the gravity anchor; and a left friction disc and a right friction disc are respectively arranged on two sides of the cable winding roller, a right pressing plate is arranged on the right side of the right friction disc, a nut and a locking nut are arranged on the right side of the right pressing plate, and the nut and the locking nut are in threaded connection with the rotating shaft.
Furthermore, a left base plate and a right base plate are arranged on two sides of the cable rolling roller and are respectively and fixedly connected with two ends of the cable rolling roller; and a left lower fixing support and a left upper fixing support are arranged on the left side of the left pressing plate, the left pressing plate is fixedly connected with the left lower fixing support and the left upper fixing support, and the left lower fixing support and the left upper fixing support are fixedly connected with the partition plate. Preferably, the left base plate and the right base plate are respectively fixedly connected with two ends of the cable rolling drum through inner hexagon screws; and the left pressing plate is fixedly connected with the left lower fixing support and the left upper fixing support through hexagon socket bolts.
Through the mode, the friction torque (static friction torque or sliding friction torque) generated by the friction discs (including the left friction disc and the right friction disc) can be adjusted by adjusting the early warning force of the nut in advance, so that the unfolding length of the release cable during laying is controlled, the effect that the partition plate is positioned at the interface of the soft sediment layer and the seawater is achieved, and the box body of the sitting bottom observation system floats on the soft sediment layer.
The process of the thickness of the soft sediment layer of the distribution point can be adapted by adjusting the length of the release cable by the sitting bottom observation system. Floating balls can be arranged in the box body of the sitting bottom observation system, the buoyancy force applied to the box body of the sitting bottom observation system can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number or size of the floating balls in the lower box body and the upper box body, and the net buoyancy force of the box body of the sitting bottom observation system is larger than that of the zero sitting bottom observation system, so that the box body of the sitting bottom observation system can be smoothly recovered by the; during the laying process, the box body of the bottom observation system sinks continuously under the pulling force applied by the gravity anchor through the release cable, the density of the soft sediment layer is greater than that of the seawater in the process that the lower box body sinks into the soft sediment layer, the buoyancy force applied by the lower box body is increased, so that the pulling force applied by the gravity anchor is increased, when the lower box body is completely sunk into the soft sediment layer, namely the partition plate is positioned at the interface of the soft sediment layer and the seawater, the moment generated by the pulling force is greater than the friction moment generated by the maximum static friction moment of the friction disc of the cable rolling device, the cable rolling roller rotates, the release cable is lengthened, the situation that the box body of the bottom observation system sinks continuously and the gravity anchor sinks continuously is avoided, until the gravity anchor is subjected to the soft-hard transition sediment layer resistance and is decelerated gradually and then stops, the pulling force applied to the release cable is gradually reduced, the moment generated by the release cable is gradually reduced and is smaller than the moment, the cable winding device stops, the bottom sitting observation system is static, the cable winding device is balanced by torque generated by a release cable and static friction torque generated by a friction disc, the upper box body is positioned in seawater, the lower box body is sunk into a soft sediment layer, and the box body of the bottom sitting observation system is balanced by gravity, buoyancy and pulling force of the release cable in the vertical direction.
The relationship between the nut pretightening force and the friction torque of the rotating shaft. As shown in fig. 1, the nut pretightening force on the rotating shaft is increased, the right friction disc is subjected to the increase of the positive pressure of the right base plate and the right pressure plate, the left friction disc is subjected to the increase of the positive pressure of the left pressure plate and the left base plate, and the maximum static friction torque for obstructing the rotation of the rotating shaft and the cable drum is increased. The nut pretightening force on the rotating shaft is reduced, the right friction disc is subjected to the positive pressure of the right base plate and the right pressing plate to be reduced, the left friction disc is subjected to the positive pressure of the left pressing plate and the left base plate to be reduced, and the maximum static friction force moment for preventing the rotating shaft and the cable rolling roller from rotating is reduced.
The corresponding relation between the nut pretightening force f and the height difference h is usually tested in a water pool in a laboratory. Laying a soft sediment layer to measure the specific gravity of the soft sediment layer; pouring seawater to measure the specific gravity of the seawater, placing the installed and debugged sitting bottom observation system into a water pool, observing the height difference of a partition plate and the interface of a soft sediment layer and the seawater after standing, wherein h represents that the height difference of the partition plate above the interface is defined as positive, the height difference of the partition plate below the interface is defined as negative, testing the relation between the nut pretightening force f and the height difference h by giving different pretightening forces f, and obtaining a table or an empirical formula of the corresponding relation between the pretightening force f and the height difference h after the test is finished; corresponding to a sediment layer with a certain specific gravity and seawater with a certain specific gravity, when the lower box body is completely positioned in the soft sediment layer and the upper box body is completely suspended in the seawater, namely when the partition plate is positioned at an interface of the soft sediment layer and the seawater, and h is 0, the pretightening force at the moment is the optimal pretightening force.
And adjusting the pre-tightening force of the sitting bottom observation system before laying. And measuring the specific gravity of the sediment layer of the defense point and the specific gravity of the seawater, correcting the relation between the pretightening force f and the height difference h of the laboratory pool test according to the specific gravity, and adjusting the pretightening force of the nut to be the optimal pretightening force. After the bottom observation system finishes laying, the technical effects that the lower box body is completely positioned in the soft sediment layer and the upper box body is completely suspended in seawater are achieved. The event that hundreds of thousands or millions of valuable instruments are lost frequently occurs in the marine investigation process, the loss rate is reduced by improving the structure of the sitting bottom observation system, the loss rate of the valuable instruments can be greatly reduced, the cost of unit observation data is reduced, and the observation cost is saved.
The releasing device comprises an electromagnet fixing bolt, a releasing device frame, an electromagnet, a signal cable, a ferromagnetic disc, a connecting rod, a corrosion-resistant spring, a releasing cable, a sliding block and a connecting bolt; the electromagnet is fixed on the releasing device through the electromagnet fixing bolt, the corrosion-resistant spring is sleeved on the connecting rod sleeve, the right end of the connecting rod is in threaded connection with the sliding block and penetrates through a hole in the frame, the left end of the connecting rod is in threaded connection with the ferromagnetic disc, the ferromagnetic disc is installed on the right side of the electromagnet, and the releasing cable is sleeved on the sliding block. A mounting sealing gasket is arranged between the releasing device frame and the partition plate; the static sealing device electromagnet is used for replacing a dynamic sealing structure of a motor shaft, so that the cost and the price of the releasing device are greatly reduced, and the reliability of the releasing device is improved.
The gravity anchor comprises a reinforced concrete block and an agnail, wherein the steel bar and the agnail are made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel, and the agnail is welded below the reinforced concrete block; and a lifting ring is fixedly arranged at the center of the gravity anchor, and the release cable is fixedly connected with the lifting ring. And the left and right sides of the gravity anchor are provided with non-labeled rings to connect with a laying cable, and further connect with a crane of a mother ship. The barb pierces into the soft and hard transition sediment layer to avoid the gravity anchor from moving in the horizontal direction.
The bottom in the lower box body is fixedly provided with a mud-proof baffle, a plastic pressing plate is arranged below the mud-proof baffle, and the plastic pressing plate is fixedly connected with the mud-proof baffle through a bolt.
And a slotted elastomer is fixedly arranged above the plastic pressing plate, and the release cable penetrates through the slotted elastomer and a cable through hole in the plastic pressing plate to be connected with a hanging ring fixedly arranged at the center of the gravity anchor. The plastic pressing plate is provided with a breaking groove, and the breaking groove is arranged around the cable penetrating hole.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses possess following beneficial effect at least:
the underwater acoustic communication device comprises a cable winding device, a flexible sediment layer, a soft sediment layer, a lower box body, an upper box body, an underwater acoustic communication machine and a soft sediment layer, wherein the cable winding device is controlled by friction torque to release the length of the cable, the cable winding device is adaptive to the thickness of the soft sediment layer of the deployment site, the bottom-sitting observation system floats on the soft sediment layer, the lower box body is located on the soft sediment layer, the box body of the bottom-sitting observation system is not easy to be dragged away by a trawl, the upper box body is located. The improved structure of the sitting observation system can reduce the loss rate and reduce the occurrence of events of losing hundreds of thousands or millions of valuable instruments in the marine investigation process. The floating type sitting observation system has the further effects that the length of the release cable is controlled by the friction torque of pure machinery to adapt to the thickness of the soft deposit layer of the defense deployment point, the floating type sitting observation system is simple in structure and low in cost, the reliability is high after long-term use, and the observation cost is saved. Therefore, the technical prejudice that the bottom observation system cannot be arranged on the sediment layer is overcome by some people, and the series of products of the bottom observation system is enriched. Additionally, the utility model discloses still adopt the electro-magnet of static seal as release's execute component, than the release that adopts the motor of dynamic seal as execute component, sealing reliability is high, and the manufacturing maintenance cost is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a floating type sitting observation system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a fixing bracket of the cable drum;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a plastic platen;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a slotted elastomer structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the releasing device;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the technical effect of the floating type sitting observation system
In the figure: a CTD (thermohalimeter) 101, a left pressure plate 102, a left friction disk 103, a left pad plate 104, an underwater acoustic communicator 105, a signal cable 106, an ADCP (acoustic Doppler current profiler) 107, a sit-bottom observation system box cover 108, a right pad plate 109, a right friction disk 110, a right pressure plate 111, an optional observation instrument 112, an upper right fixed support 113, a boss 114, a rubber pad 115, a mud-proof bottom plate 116, a lower right fixed support 117, a locking nut 118, a nut 119, a reinforced concrete block 120, a bolt 121, a barb 122, a cable-rolling roller 123, a plastic pressure plate 124, a slotted elastomer 125, a release cable 126, a suspension ring 127, a release device 128, a lower left fixed support 129, a rotating shaft 130, a floating ball 131, a hard sediment layer 132, a soft-hard transition sediment layer 133, a gravity anchor 134, a cable-laying 135, a lower box 136, a soft sediment layer 137, an upper left fixed support 138, an upper box 139, a sit-bottom observation system box 140, partition 141, seawater 142;
the plastic pressing plate 124, the connecting hole 301, the snapping groove 302, the cable penetrating hole 303 and the brush 304;
a slit 401;
an electromagnet fixing bolt 501, a releasing device frame 502, an electromagnet 503, a signal cable 106, a ferromagnetic disc 504, a connecting rod 505, a corrosion-resistant spring 506, a sliding block 507, a releasing cable 126, a connecting bolt 508 and a felt pad 509;
a first sitting bottom observation system 601, a second sitting bottom observation system 602 and a third sitting bottom observation system 603;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, a floating type bottom-sitting observation system comprises a bottom-sitting observation system box 140, a release cable 126 and a gravity anchor 134, wherein the bottom-sitting observation system box 140 is connected with the gravity anchor 134 through the release cable 126, a partition plate 141 divides the bottom-sitting observation system box 140 into an upper box 139 and a lower box 136, an underwater acoustic communicator 105 and a release device 128 are fixedly installed in the upper box 139, a signal cable (106) is connected with the underwater acoustic communicator 105 and the release device 128, the release device 128 is connected to the partition plate 141 by using a connecting bolt 508, and a plurality of self-contained observation instruments such as an ADCP 107 and a CTD 101 and other optional observation instruments 112 such as an OBS (seismic bottom simulator) and a suspended sediment collector can be carried in the bottom-sitting observation system box; fixed mounting has a roll cable device in box 136 down, it includes to roll up the cable device: the rotating shaft 130, the left pressure plate 102, the left friction disc 103, the left backing plate 104, the cable drum 123, the right backing plate 109, the right friction disc 110, the right pressure plate 111, the nut 119 and the lock nut 118; a left friction disc 103 and a right friction disc 109 are arranged on one sides of the left backing plate 104 and the right backing plate 109, which are respectively far away from the cable winding drum 123, a left pressure plate 102 and a right pressure plate 110 are arranged on one sides of the two friction discs 103 and 109, which are respectively far away from the corresponding backing plates 104 and 106, that is, the left friction disc 103 and the right friction disc 110 are respectively arranged on two sides of the cable winding drum 123, the right pressure plate 111 is arranged on the right side of the right friction disc 110, a nut 119 and a lock nut 118 are arranged on the right side of the right pressure plate 111, the nut 119 and the lock nut 118 are in threaded connection with a rotating shaft 130, and the cable winding; the left cushion plate 104, the cable rolling drum 123 and the right cushion plate 109 are connected into a whole by using hexagon socket head cap screws; the left pressure plate 102, the left friction disk 103, the left backing plate 104, the right backing plate 109, the right friction disk 110 and the right pressure plate 111 are sleeved on the rotating shaft 130 in an empty mode, and a bearing 202 between the rotating shaft 130 and the left lower fixing support 129 and the left upper fixing support 138 is a tapered roller bearing which can bear radial and axial combined loads mainly in a radial direction and bear axial loads caused by pretightening force; the left pressure plate 102 is fixedly connected with the left lower fixing support 129 and the left upper fixing support 138 through hexagon socket bolts, and the left lower fixing support 129 and the left upper fixing support 138 are fixedly connected with the partition plate 141. The release cable 126 is wound around the cable drum 123, and has one end connected with the release device 128 in a releasable manner and the other end fixedly connected with the gravity anchor 134; the prealarming force of the nut 119 is adjusted to adjust the friction torque (static friction torque or sliding friction torque) generated by the friction discs (including the left friction disc 103 and the right friction disc 110) so as to control the length of the spread release cable 126 during deployment, so that the partition 141 is located at the interface of the soft sediment layer 137 and the seawater, and the box 140 of the sit-and-sit observation system floats on the soft sediment layer 137.
The bottom vision system adjusts the length of the release cable 126 to accommodate the thickness of the soft deposit layer 137 at the deployment site. Because the floating balls which are connected with the box walls through bolts are arranged in the box body of the sitting bottom observation system, the buoyancy force applied to the box body of the sitting bottom observation system can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number or the size of the floating balls in the lower box body and the upper box body, and the net buoyancy force is larger than zero, so that the sitting bottom observation system can be smoothly recovered by the net buoyancy force; in the laying process, the box body of the sitting bottom observation system sinks continuously under the pulling force applied by the gravity anchor through the release cable 126, in the process that the lower box body 136 sinks into the soft sediment layer 137, the density of the soft sediment layer 137 is greater than that of the seawater, the buoyancy force applied by the lower box body 136 is increased, so that the pulling force applied by the release cable 126 from the gravity anchor is increased, when the lower box body 136 sinks into the soft sediment layer 137 completely, namely the partition plate is positioned at the interface of the soft sediment layer 137 and the seawater, the moment generated by the pulling force is greater than the friction moment generated by the maximum static friction moment of the friction disc of the cable rolling device, the cable rolling roller rotates, the release cable 126 is lengthened, the situation that the box body of the sitting bottom observation system sinks continuously is avoided, the gravity anchor 134 sinks continuously until the gravity anchor 134 is subjected to the resistance of the soft-hard transition sediment layer 133 and finally stops down, the pulling force applied by the release cable 126 is, the moment generated by the sliding friction force of the friction disc of the cable winding device is smaller than the moment generated by the sliding friction force of the friction disc of the cable winding device, the cable winding device stops, the bottom sitting observation system stops, the moment generated by the releasing cable 126 and the static friction moment generated by the friction disc of the cable winding device are balanced, the upper box body 139 is located in seawater, the lower box body 136 sinks into the soft sediment layer 137, and the box body 140 of the bottom sitting observation system is balanced by the gravity, the buoyancy and the pulling force of the releasing cable 126 in the vertical direction.
The nut 119 preload is related to the friction torque of the rotating shaft 130. As shown in fig. 1, the preload of the nut 119 on the rotating shaft 130 is increased, the positive pressure of the right friction disk 110 by the right backing plate 109 and the right pressure plate 111 is increased, the positive pressure of the left friction disk 103 by the left pressure plate 102 and the left backing plate 104 is increased, and the maximum static friction moment or the sliding friction moment that hinders the rotation of the rotating shaft 130 and the cable drum 123 is increased. The pretightening force of the nut 119 on the rotating shaft 130 is reduced, the right friction disc 110 is subjected to the positive pressure of the right backing plate 109 and the right pressure plate 111 to be reduced, the left friction disc 103 is subjected to the positive pressure of the left pressure plate 102 and the left backing plate 104 to be reduced, and the maximum static friction torque or the sliding friction torque for preventing the rotating shaft 130 and the cable drum 123 from rotating is reduced.
The process of assembling the bottoming observation system in the laboratory is described below. As shown in fig. 1, the upper box 139 is assembled, a swing bracket (not shown) is first installed on the box cover 108 of the under-seat observation system, and then the ADCP 107 and the underwater acoustic communicator 105 are installed on the swing bracket, and then the swing bracket is connected with the wall bolt of the upper box 139; a felt pad 509, which is water-permeable and air-permeable, is attached to fix the release device 128 to the diaphragm 141 using a connection bolt 508, and then connected to the underwater acoustic communicator 105 using the signal cable 106; and then installing the CTD, optional observation instruments and a floating ball 131, and finally installing a sand control net at the gap between each instrument and the box body 140 of the sitting bottom observation system to prevent sediment and marine organisms from entering the box body 140 of the sitting bottom observation system. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the lower case 136 is assembled by first connecting the right pad 109 and the cable drum 123 together using socket head cap screws; the left pressure plate 102 is preferably divided into an upper half and a lower half, the lower half left pressure plate 102 and the left lower fixing support 129 are connected into a whole by using hexagon socket head cap screws, the upper half left pressure plate 102 and the left upper fixing support 138 are connected into a whole, and the purpose of arranging the backing plate and the pressure plate is to facilitate replacement after abrasion and to facilitate selection of materials of the backing plate, the pressure plate and the friction disc to obtain larger friction force; then, a bearing 202 is installed on the rotating shaft 130, the left friction disc 103, the cable winding roller 123 with the left backing plate 104, the right backing plate 109, the right friction disc 110, the right pressure plate 111, the nut 119 and the locking nut 118 are installed on the rotating shaft 130 in sequence, the nut 119 and the locking nut 118 are connected to the external thread of the rotating shaft 130, and the locking nut 118 prevents the nut 119 from loosening; the assembled rotating shaft 130 is arranged in a left lower fixing support 129, a left upper fixing support 138, a right lower fixing support 117 and a right upper fixing support 113, the slotted elastomer 125 is arranged on the mud-proof baffle 116, and the bolt 121 is connected with the left lower fixing support 129, the left upper fixing support 138, the right lower fixing support 117, the right upper fixing support 113, the mud-proof bottom plate 116, the plastic pressure plate 124 and the boss 114 into a whole; a rubber pad 115 with adjustable thickness is arranged between the boss 114 and the mud-proof baffle 116. A release cable 126 is looped around the cable drum 123 with one end attached to the release device 128 and the other end attached to the gravity anchor 134.
The corresponding relation between the pretightening force f and the height difference h of the nut 119 is tested in a water pool of a laboratory. Laying a soft sediment layer 137, and measuring the specific gravity of the soft sediment layer; pouring seawater 142, measuring the specific gravity of the seawater, placing the installed and debugged bottom observation system into a water pool, observing the height difference of the partition plate 141 and the interface of the soft sediment layer 137 and the seawater after standing, wherein h represents the height difference, the height difference of the partition plate above the interface is defined as positive, the height difference of the partition plate 141 below the interface is defined as negative, testing the relation between the pretightening force f and the height difference h of the cable winding device, giving different pretightening force f for testing, and obtaining a table or an empirical formula of the corresponding relation between the pretightening force f and the height difference h after the testing is finished; corresponding to a sediment layer with a certain specific gravity and seawater with a certain specific gravity, when the lower box body 136 is completely positioned in the soft sediment layer 137 and the upper box body 139 is completely suspended in the seawater 142, namely when the partition plate 141 is positioned at the interface of the soft sediment layer 137 and the seawater, and h is 0, the pretightening force at the moment is the optimal pretightening force.
The pre-tightening force of the nut 119 is adjusted to the optimal pre-tightening force before deployment. And measuring the specific gravity of the sediment layer of the defense point and the specific gravity of the seawater, correcting the relation between the pretightening force f and the height difference h of the laboratory pool test according to the specific gravity, and adjusting the pretightening force of the nut 119 to be the optimal pretightening force. After the bottom observation system is arranged, the technical effects that the lower box body 136 is completely positioned in the soft sediment layer 137 and the upper box body 139 is completely suspended in seawater are achieved. As shown in fig. 6, when the submersible observation system is assembled in the prior art, a deployment worker estimates the length of the release cable 126, the length of the release cable 126 is fixed, and after the submersible observation system is deployed, the release cable 126 is too short, which has the effect that the submersible observation system 601 is completely embedded in the soft sediment layer 137, the underwater acoustic communication machine cannot receive underwater acoustic signals, and the submersible observation system 601 cannot be recovered and is permanently lost; the release cable 126 is too long, and is completely suspended in the seawater as shown by the second submersible observation system 602, and the submersible observation system arranged near the shore is likely to be dragged away by a fishing boat trawl, so that instruments are lost or lost, and the trawl prevention function of the submersible observation system is not exerted. According to the bottom observation system, as shown in the third bottom observation system 603, the length of the release cable 126 is automatically adjusted by the cable winding device with the friction disc, the thickness of the soft sediment layer 137 of the arrangement point is adapted, and the lower box body 136 is embedded into the soft sediment layer 137 and is not easy to be dragged away by a trawl; meanwhile, the upper box 139 is suspended in the seawater 142, the underwater acoustic communicator at the top of the box can receive underwater acoustic signals, and the sitting bottom observation system can normally recover. The marine survey system has the advantages that hundreds of thousands or millions of valuable instruments are lost during marine survey, the loss rate can be reduced by improving the structure of the bottom-sitting observation system, the loss rate of the valuable instruments can be greatly reduced, the cost of unit observation data is reduced, and observation expenses are saved.
Example 2, example 2 is a further limitation of example 1; the release device 128 comprises an electromagnet fixing bolt 501, a release device frame 502, an electromagnet 503, a signal cable 106, a ferromagnetic disc 504, a connecting rod 505, a corrosion-resistant spring 506, a release cable 126, a sliding block 507 and a connecting bolt 508; the electromagnet 503 is fixed on the frame 502 of the releasing device by using the electromagnet fixing bolt 501, the corrosion-resistant spring 506 is sleeved on the connecting rod 505, the right end of the connecting rod is in threaded connection with the sliding block 507 and penetrates through a hole in the frame 502, the left end of the connecting rod is in threaded connection with the ferromagnetic disc 504, the ferromagnetic disc 504 is installed on the right side of the electromagnet 503, and the releasing cable 126 is sleeved on the sliding block 507. A mounting sealing gasket is arranged between the releasing device frame and the partition plate 141; a gasket 511 is arranged between the releasing device frame 502 and the clapboard 141, and the connecting bolt 510 is connected with the releasing device frame 502, the clapboard 141 and the gasket 511 into a whole; the underwater acoustic communication machine 105 is connected with a power supply relay of the electromagnet 503 by using a signal cable 106, the relay and the power supply are drawn in the figure, the relay adopts a communication relay, an EIA RS-232 interface signal of the underwater acoustic communication machine is converted into a general interface signal capable of driving the relay by a single chip microcomputer in the communication relay, and the general interface signal is connected with the relay through a driving circuit. The scientific research personnel use the deck unit of the underwater acoustic communicator 105 to send a power-on control signal, the relay is closed, the electromagnet 503 is powered on, the electromagnet 503 works to generate magnetic force, the ferromagnetic disc 505 is attracted, the ferromagnetic disc 505 pulls the sliding block 509 through the connecting rod 505, the release cable 126508 slides off the sliding block 509, and the release cable 126508 is separated from the sliding block 509. The requirements of corrosion resistance, water pressure resistance and adhesion resistance are basic requirements of working parts in seawater, and all connectors, other parts and shells of the submersible observation system need to meet the requirements and are not elaborated one by one.
Example 3, example 3 is a further limitation on examples 1 or 2; the gravity anchor 134 comprises a reinforced concrete block 120 and barbs 122, the barbs 122 are welded with the steel bars in the reinforced concrete block 120 into a whole, and the barbs 122 are welded below the reinforced concrete block 120; the steel bars and barbs 122 are made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel; the barb 122 is inserted into the soft and hard transition sediment layer 133 to prevent the bottom-sitting observation system from being stressed and sliding on the seabed, the gravity anchor 134 is provided with a lifting ring 127 in the center, and the release cable 126 is fixedly connected with the lifting ring 127. The deployment cable 135 is connected to the non-marked slings on both sides, and the deployment cable 135 is used to deploy a defense bedding observation system to cause the slings to be threaded.
Example 4, example 4 is a further definition of examples 1, 2 or 3; the bottom is fixed in the lower box 136 and is provided with mud-proof baffle 116, mud-proof baffle 116 below is provided with plastic pressing plate 124, plastic pressing plate 124 through bolt 201 with mud-proof baffle 116 fixed connection.
A slotted elastic body 125 is fixedly arranged above the plastic pressure plate 124, and the release cable 126 passes through the slotted elastic body 125 and a cable through hole 303 on the plastic pressure plate 124 to be connected with a hanging ring 127 fixedly arranged at the center of the gravity anchor 134. The plastic pressing plate 124 is provided with a breaking groove 302, and the breaking groove 302 is arranged around the cable passing hole 303. As shown in fig. 3, the cable-passing hole 303 has a movement clearance with the release cable 126 to ensure that the release cable 126 can move therein; the width K of the cable penetrating hole 303 is 1.05 times of the diameter of the release cable 126, and a brush 304 is arranged in the cable penetrating hole 303 in order to prevent sediment layers and marine organisms from entering the cable penetrating hole 303; the cable head of the release cable 126 is provided with a plastic steel sheath, the size of the plastic steel sheath is larger than the diameter of the cable of the release cable 126 and larger than the slotted elastomer 124 and the cable through hole 303, the slotted elastomer 124 can deform to enlarge the gap 401 for cable through during installation, and the mud-proof bottom plate 116 restricts the gap 401 from being enlarged during release. When releasing the release cable 126, the cable head is clamped at the slotted elastomer 124 and the cable through hole 303, the net buoyancy of the bottom-seated observation system box body 140 acts on the plastic pressing plate 124, the plastic pressing plate 124 is pulled apart at the pulling groove 302, and the slotted elastomer 124 and the pulled apart plastic pressing plate 124 are separated from the bottom-seated observation system box body 140 and are left on the soft-hard transition sediment layer 133 together with the release cable 126 and the gravity anchor 134.
As shown in fig. 4, slit elastomer 124 is slotted with a slit 401, slit 401 being closed when unstressed to prevent passage of the deposit layer through slit 401, and release cable 126 may move within slit elastomer 124.
The application example is as follows:
the following description of the installation, use and adjustment method of the floating bottom observation system of the present invention is provided to illustrate how to use and apply:
1. and testing the corresponding relation between the pretightening force f and the height difference h in a seawater pool of a laboratory. Laying a soft sediment layer 137, and measuring the specific gravity of the soft sediment layer; pouring seawater, measuring the specific gravity of the seawater, placing the installed and debugged sitting bottom observation system into a water pool, giving different pretightening forces f for testing, and obtaining a table or an empirical formula of the corresponding relation between the pretightening forces f and the height difference h after the testing is finished; corresponding to a sediment layer with a certain specific gravity and seawater with a certain specific gravity, when the lower box body is completely positioned in the soft sediment layer 137 and the upper box body is completely suspended in the seawater, namely when the partition plate is positioned at an interface of the soft sediment layer 137 and the seawater, and h is 0, the pre-tightening force at the moment is the optimal pre-tightening force.
2. Collecting a soft sediment layer 137 sample of a defense deployment point on site, and testing the density of the sample; collecting seawater samples of defense deployment points on site, and testing the density of the seawater samples;
3. and correcting a table of the corresponding relation between the pretightening force f and the height difference h according to the density of the sample of the soft sediment layer 137 of the defense point and the seawater density.
4. Assembling the bed observation system according to fig. 1, inquiring the table corrected in the third step, adjusting the pretightening force of the nut 119 on the left friction disc 103 and the right friction disc 110 to the optimal pretightening force, and locking the lock nut 118 to prevent the pretightening force of the nut 119 from changing;
5. the mother ship crane uses the laying cable 135 to lift the laying bottom observation system, and when the bottom observation system reaches the depth of the bottom, the laying cable 135 is released to avoid the overturning of the bottom observation system;
6. in the process that the lower box body 136 sinks into the soft sediment layer 137, the moment generated by the pulling force of the release cable 126 is larger than the moment generated by the maximum static friction force of the friction discs (the left friction disc 103 and the right friction disc 110) of the cable winding device, the cable winding roller rotates, the release cable 126 is lengthened, the situation that the box body of the bottom observation system sinks continuously is avoided, until the gravity anchor 134 is subjected to the resistance of the soft-hard transition sediment layer 133 to gradually decelerate and finally stops, the pulling force exerted on the release cable 126 is gradually reduced, the moment generated by the release cable is gradually reduced and is smaller than the moment generated by the sliding friction force of the friction discs of the cable winding device, the cable winding device stops, the moment generated by the release cable 126 and the static friction force moment generated by the friction discs of the cable winding device are balanced, the upper box body 139 is positioned in seawater and is subjected to the buoyancy effect generated by the seawater pressure, the lower box body 136 sinks into the soft sediment layer, the box 140 of the submersible vision system is vertically balanced by gravity, buoyancy and the tension of the release cable 126.
7. When the floating type bottom observation system recovers, the underwater acoustic communication machine 105 receives a recovery signal sent by a deck unit of the floating type bottom observation system, the underwater acoustic communication machine 105 sends a release instruction to the release device 128 through the signal cable 106, the release device 128 releases the release cable 126, the gravity anchor 134 is separated from the bottom observation system box body 140, and the bottom observation system box body 140 floats upwards and recovers under the action of net buoyancy.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. What has been described above are only some embodiments of the invention. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept, several modifications and improvements can be made, which are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a floating type sits end observation system, includes sits end observation system box (140), release cable (126) and gravity anchor (134), sit end observation system box (140) with gravity anchor (134) pass through release cable (126) are connected, sit and be provided with baffle (141) in end observation system box (140), baffle (141) will sit end observation system box (140) and divide into last box (139) and lower box (136), its characterized in that:
an underwater acoustic communicator (105) and a releasing device (128) are fixedly mounted in the upper box body (139), the underwater acoustic communicator (105) is connected with the releasing device (128) through a signal cable (106), and the releasing device (128) is fixedly connected to the partition plate (141) through a connecting bolt (508);
lower box (136) internal fixation installs a roll up cable device, it includes to roll up cable device: the cable winding device comprises a rotating shaft (130), a left friction disc (103), a cable winding roller (123), a right friction disc (110), a right pressure plate (111), a nut (119) and a locking nut (118); the release cable (126) surrounds the cable drum (123), one end of the release cable is connected with the release device (128), and the other end of the release cable is fixedly connected with the gravity anchor (134); the cable winding drum is characterized in that a left friction disc (103) and a right friction disc (110) are respectively arranged on two sides of the cable winding drum (123), a right pressing plate (111) is arranged on the right side of the right friction disc (110), a nut (119) and a locking nut (118) are arranged on the right side of the right pressing plate (111), and the nut (119) and the locking nut (118) are in threaded connection with the rotating shaft (130).
2. A floating submersible viewing system according to claim 1 and wherein: a left cushion plate (104) and a right cushion plate (109) are further arranged on two sides of the cable rolling drum (123), and the left cushion plate (104) and the right cushion plate (109) are respectively fixedly connected with two ends of the cable rolling drum (123); the left side of the left pressure plate (102) is provided with a left lower fixing support (129) and a left upper fixing support (138), the left pressure plate (102) is fixedly connected with the left lower fixing support (129) and the left upper fixing support (138), and the left lower fixing support (129) and the left upper fixing support (138) are fixedly connected with the partition plate (141).
3. The floating type sitting observation system of claim 2, wherein the left pad (104) and the right pad (109) are fixedly connected with two ends of the cable drum (123) respectively through hexagon socket head cap screws; the left pressure plate (102) is fixedly connected with the left lower fixing support (129) and the left upper fixing support (138) through hexagon socket head bolts.
4. A floating submersible viewing system according to claim 1 and wherein: the release device (128) comprises an electromagnet fixing bolt (501), a release device frame (502), an electromagnet (503), a signal cable (106), a ferromagnetic disc (504), a connecting rod (505), a corrosion-resistant spring (506), a release cable (126) and a sliding block (507); the electromagnet (503) is fixed on the frame (502) of the releasing device by using the electromagnet fixing bolt (501); the right end of the connecting rod (505) is in threaded connection with the sliding block (507), the corrosion-resistant spring (506) is sleeved on the connecting rod (505) and penetrates through a hole in the rack (502), and the left end of the connecting rod (505) is in threaded connection with the ferromagnetic disc (504); the ferromagnetic disc (504) is arranged on the right side of the electromagnet (503), and the release cable (126) is sleeved on the sliding block (507).
5. A floating submersible viewing system according to claim 1 and wherein: the gravity anchor (134) comprises a reinforced concrete block (120) and barbs (122), and the barbs (122) are welded below the reinforced concrete block (120); and a hanging ring (127) is arranged at the center of the gravity anchor (134), and the release cable (126) is fixedly connected with the hanging ring (127).
6. A floating submersible viewing system according to claim 1 and wherein: one or more floating balls (131) are arranged in the box body (140) of the sitting bottom observation system.
7. A floating submersible viewing system according to claim 5 and wherein: boss (114) of lower box (136) pass through bolt (201) and prevent mud baffle (116) fixed connection, prevent that mud baffle (116) below is provided with plastic pressing plate (124), plastic pressing plate (124) pass through bolt (201) with prevent mud baffle (116) fixed connection.
8. A floating submersible viewing system according to claim 7 and wherein: an open gap elastic body (125) is fixedly arranged above the plastic pressing plate (124), and the release cable (126) penetrates through the open gap elastic body (125) and a cable through hole (303) in the plastic pressing plate (124) to be fixedly connected with the hanging ring (127) arranged at the center of the gravity anchor (134).
9. The floating type sitting observation system of claim 8, wherein the plastic pressing plate (124) is provided with a breaking groove (302), and the breaking groove (302) is arranged around the cable through hole (303).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022494060.7U CN213481334U (en) | 2020-11-02 | 2020-11-02 | Floating type sitting bottom observation system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022494060.7U CN213481334U (en) | 2020-11-02 | 2020-11-02 | Floating type sitting bottom observation system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN213481334U true CN213481334U (en) | 2021-06-18 |
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| CN202022494060.7U Withdrawn - After Issue CN213481334U (en) | 2020-11-02 | 2020-11-02 | Floating type sitting bottom observation system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112325859A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-05 | 广东海洋大学 | Floating seabed base |
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2020
- 2020-11-02 CN CN202022494060.7U patent/CN213481334U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112325859A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-05 | 广东海洋大学 | Floating seabed base |
| CN112325859B (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2024-02-27 | 广东海洋大学 | Floating type seabed base |
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