CN213454546U - Multi-layer cold-hot shared vacuum freeze-drying system - Google Patents
Multi-layer cold-hot shared vacuum freeze-drying system Download PDFInfo
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- CN213454546U CN213454546U CN202022460808.1U CN202022460808U CN213454546U CN 213454546 U CN213454546 U CN 213454546U CN 202022460808 U CN202022460808 U CN 202022460808U CN 213454546 U CN213454546 U CN 213454546U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a multi-level cold and hot sharing vacuum freeze-drying system, including freezing the unit in advance, dehydration unit, negative pressure unit and heat pump unit, the product is freezing the back in freezing the unit in advance, dewater at the dehydration unit, the dehydration unit guarantees through negative pressure unit that the dehydration unit is inside to be the negative pressure, heat pump unit includes high temperature side hot pumping subassembly and low temperature side hot pumping subassembly, high temperature side hot pumping subassembly's high temperature condenser provides heat energy in to the dehydration unit, low temperature side hot pumping subassembly provides the cold energy to freezing unit and dehydration unit in advance. The system simultaneously meets the requirements of cold quantity and heat quantity in the pre-freezing process and the vacuum dehydration process; the conventional steam, hot oil and other systems are omitted; the heat dissipation equipment such as an external cooling tower and the like required by the existing system is also saved; adopt low temperature condenser as the water trap in the dehydration unit, can guarantee that water trap does not have the phenomenon of frosting, freezing, system efficiency is high, and energy-conserving effect is obvious, and production process speed improves.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the vacuum freeze-drying technique and specifically relates to a multi-level cold and hot sharing vacuum freeze-drying system is related to.
Background
The vacuum freeze-drying technology is a drying technology for dehydrating materials by utilizing the principle that the sublimation temperature is low in a vacuum environment, and the materials are quickly frozen and then heated in the vacuum (lower than the triple point pressure of water). Aiming at the field of vacuum freeze-drying, the technology mainly comprises two working procedures, wherein the first working procedure is pre-freezing, and the second working procedure is vacuum dehydration; at present, aiming at the first procedure, a set of low-temperature unit is generally adopted for cooling; aiming at the second procedure, the heat required by the dehydration and evaporation process of the materials is provided by utilizing the temperature of steam, hot oil and the like within the range of 90-140 ℃; the air dewatering work before the vacuum pump is provided by using a set of machine sets, the water vapor in the pumped air is usually frozen into frost by using an intercooling evaporator, and the machine is stopped to defrost after the working procedure is finished, so that the oil of the vacuum pump is prevented from being halogenated when entering water.
Aiming at the current process, the following problems mainly exist:
1. the condensation end of the refrigerating unit is completely wasted, and meanwhile, a cooling tower and the like are adopted for heat dissipation, so that the investment is high;
2. an extra high-temperature heat source is needed for supplying heat for dehydrating and evaporating materials, so that the cost is high;
3. in order to protect the vacuum pump, the intercooling evaporator in the second working procedure has low evaporation temperature and cop, and in the production and processing process, the frost layer on the surface of the intercooling evaporator continuously thickens, and the cop of the unit continuously decreases.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a multi-level cold and hot sharing vacuum freeze-drying system that can make full use of the energy and have higher cop is provided.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: a multi-level cold-hot shared vacuum freeze-drying system comprises a pre-freezing unit, a dehydration unit, a negative pressure unit and a heat pump unit for providing heat energy and cold energy, wherein a product is dehydrated in the dehydration unit after being frozen in the pre-freezing unit, the dehydration unit ensures that the inside of the dehydration unit is in negative pressure through the negative pressure unit, the heat pump unit comprises a high-temperature side heat pump assembly and a low-temperature side heat pump assembly, a high-temperature condenser of the high-temperature side heat pump assembly provides heat energy for the dehydration unit, the low-temperature side heat pump assembly provides cold energy for the pre-freezing unit and the dehydration unit, and water vapor heated by the high-temperature condenser of the high-temperature side heat pump unit in the dehydration unit meets a low-temperature condenser of the low-temperature side heat.
More specifically, the low-temperature side heat pump assembly is formed by serially connecting a low-temperature compressor, low-temperature oil, a low-temperature condenser, an intermediate heat exchanger, a low-temperature throttle valve and a low-temperature evaporator in sequence, wherein the low-temperature condenser is positioned in the dehydration unit, and the low-temperature evaporator is positioned in the pre-freezing unit.
Further specifically, the low-temperature condenser have two and be first low-temperature condenser and second low-temperature condenser respectively, second low-temperature condenser be located the dehydration unit first low-temperature condenser other set up the outer fan.
More specifically, a drainage device for collecting and draining liquid water is arranged beside the second low-temperature condenser.
More specifically, the high-temperature side heat pump assembly is formed by serially connecting a high-temperature compressor, high-temperature oil, a high-temperature condenser, a high-temperature throttle valve and an intermediate heat exchanger in sequence, wherein the high-temperature condenser is positioned in the dehydration unit.
Further specifically, high temperature condenser have two and be first high temperature condenser and second high temperature condenser respectively, first high temperature condenser and second high temperature condenser parallelly connected, first high temperature condenser be located the dehydration unit, second high temperature condenser be located the negative pressure unit.
More specifically, the high-temperature throttle valves include a first high-temperature throttle valve and a second high-temperature throttle valve, the first high-temperature throttle valve is connected in series with the first high-temperature condenser, and the second high-temperature throttle valve is connected in series with the second high-temperature condenser.
Further specifically, an air duct is arranged in the negative pressure unit, and a vacuum pump set is arranged on the air duct.
Further specifically, an air duct is arranged in the negative pressure unit, a vacuum pump set and an air-heat recoverer are arranged on the air duct, the air-heat recoverer and a second high-temperature condenser are sequentially arranged according to the advancing direction of the gas in the air duct, and the gas in the air duct is exhausted through an air outlet of the air duct after passing through the air-heat recoverer.
Further specifically, an air heat recoverer, a second high-temperature condenser and a vacuum pump set are sequentially arranged in the advancing direction of the air in the air duct.
The utility model has the advantages that: the system simultaneously meets the requirements of cold quantity and heat quantity in the pre-freezing process and the vacuum dehydration process; the conventional steam, hot oil and other systems are omitted; the heat dissipation equipment such as an external cooling tower and the like required by the existing system is also saved; adopt low temperature condenser as the water trap in the dehydration unit, can guarantee that water trap does not have the phenomenon of frosting, freezing, system efficiency is high, and energy-conserving effect is obvious, and production process speed improves.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a pre-freezing unit; 2. a dehydration unit; 3. a negative pressure unit; 4. a cryogenic compressor; 5. low-temperature oil content; 6. a first low temperature condenser; 7. a second low temperature condenser; 8. an intermediate heat exchanger; 9. a low temperature throttle valve; 10. a low temperature evaporator; 11. an outer fan; 12. a drainage device; 13. a high temperature compressor; 14. high-temperature oil content; 15. a first high temperature condenser; 16. a first high temperature throttle valve; 17. a second high temperature condenser; 18. a second high temperature throttle valve; 19. an air duct; 20. a vacuum pump set; 21. wind-heat recoverer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a multi-level cold-hot common vacuum freeze-drying system comprises a pre-freezing unit 1, a dehydration unit 2, a negative pressure unit 3 and a heat pump unit for providing heat energy and cold energy, wherein a product enters the dehydration unit 2 after being frozen in the pre-freezing unit 1 and is dehydrated in the dehydration unit 2, the dehydration unit 2 ensures that the inside of the dehydration unit 2 is negative pressure through the negative pressure unit 3, so that water vapor in the dehydration unit 2 is discharged, and the inside of the dehydration unit 2 is dried, the heat pump unit comprises a high-temperature side heat pump assembly and a low-temperature side heat pump assembly, the two heat pump assemblies form a cascade heat pump system, and as the temperature of a condenser of the heat pump system is higher during the process of liquefying refrigerant, the high-temperature condenser of the high-temperature side heat pump assembly is used for providing heat energy to the dehydration unit 2, so as to realize rapid evaporation, the low-temperature side heat pump assembly provides cold energy for the pre-freezing unit 1 and the dehydration unit 2, the cold energy provided in the dehydration unit 2 can quickly collect water vapor, and the water vapor heated by the high-temperature condenser of the high-temperature side heat pump unit in the dehydration unit 2 meets the low-temperature condenser of the low-temperature side heat pump unit and is converted into liquid water.
The low-temperature side heat pump assembly is formed by sequentially connecting a low-temperature compressor 4, a low-temperature oil component 5, a low-temperature condenser, an intermediate heat exchanger 8, a low-temperature throttle valve 9 and a low-temperature evaporator 10 in series, wherein the low-temperature condenser is positioned in the dehydration unit 2, and the low-temperature evaporator 10 is positioned in the pre-freezing unit 1; in order to control the temperature of the low-temperature condenser in the dehydration unit 2 conveniently, the low-temperature condenser is provided with a first low-temperature condenser 6 and a second low-temperature condenser 7, the second low-temperature condenser 7 is positioned in the dehydration unit 2, and an external fan 11 is arranged beside the first low-temperature condenser 6; a temperature sensor is arranged at an outlet of the second low-temperature condenser 7, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is transmitted to a control processing end of the freeze-drying system, the control processing end controls the external fan 11 to be opened, closed, increase the rotating speed and reduce the rotating speed, and the external fan 11 adopts a variable frequency fan; when the temperature at the outlet of the second low-temperature condenser 7 is too high, the rotating speed of the outer fan 11 can be increased or the outer fan 11 is started to increase the heat dissipation power of the first low-temperature condenser 6, so that the temperature of the second low-temperature condenser 7 is reduced; when the temperature at the outlet of the second low-temperature condenser 7 is too low, the rotation speed of the outer fan 11 may be reduced or the rotation speed of the outer fan 11 may be reduced by turning off the outer fan.
Because the second low temperature condenser 7 liquefies the vapor in the dehydration unit 2, in order to facilitate the discharge of liquid water, the second low temperature condenser 7 is provided with a drainage device 12 for collecting and discharging the liquid water, the drainage device 12 is a water collecting tray, the bottom of the water collecting tray is provided with a drainage port, the drainage port is connected with the outside through a pipeline for drainage, the water collecting tray is arranged below the second low temperature condenser 7, and meanwhile, the second low temperature condenser 7 is positioned at the outlet of the gas in the dehydration unit 2, so that the water collection is facilitated.
The operation mode of the refrigerant of the low-temperature side heat pump assembly is that firstly the gaseous refrigerant passes through a low-temperature compressor 4 to compress the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, then the gaseous refrigerant and lubricating oil are separated by a low-temperature oil component 5, the lubricating oil returns to the low-temperature compressor 4 again to be continuously used, the gaseous refrigerant is firstly condensed by a first low-temperature condenser 6 to ensure that part of the gaseous refrigerant is changed into liquid refrigerant, the refrigerant mixed with the gas and the liquid enters a second low-temperature condenser 7 to be continuously liquefied, then enters an intermediate heat exchanger 8 to exchange heat with the high-temperature side heat pump assembly to ensure that the temperature of the liquid refrigerant is reduced, then the temperature is greatly reduced after passing through a low-temperature throttle valve 9, the refrigerant enters a low-temperature evaporator 10 to exchange heat with the gas in a, a large amount of heat is absorbed to realize the purpose of temperature reduction, and the gaseous refrigerant returns to the low-temperature compressor 4 to be continuously recycled. The low temperature condenser temperature is at 10 ℃ -20 ℃ within range, so the utility model discloses utilize low temperature condenser as dehumidification coil pipe, to why do not adopt low temperature system evaporation side or high temperature system condensation side as dehumidification coil pipe, its reason is too low temperature, can lead to frosting or freezing.
The high temperature side heat pump assembly is composed of a high temperature compressor 13, a high temperature oil component 14, a high temperature condenser, a high temperature throttle valve and an intermediate heat exchanger 8 which are connected in series in sequence, wherein the high temperature condenser is positioned in the dehydration unit 2 and is used for heating the pre-frozen product, so that the moisture in the product is changed into water vapor, and then the water vapor is captured by the second low temperature condenser 7 and converted into liquid water.
The high-temperature condenser is provided with a first high-temperature condenser 15 and a second high-temperature condenser 17, the first high-temperature condenser 15 and the second high-temperature condenser 17 are connected in parallel, the first high-temperature condenser 15 is positioned in the dehydration unit 2, the second high-temperature condenser 17 is positioned in the negative pressure unit 3, the second high-temperature condenser 17 raises the temperature of discharged gas, so that saturated gas is changed into unsaturated gas, and the sucked gas is ensured not to be halogenated with lubricating oil in the vacuum pump group 20; further, in order to effectively distribute heat generated by the high-temperature side heat pump assembly, the high-temperature throttle valves include a first high-temperature throttle valve 16 and a second high-temperature throttle valve 18, the first high-temperature throttle valve 16 is connected in series with the first high-temperature condenser 15, the second high-temperature throttle valve 18 is connected in series with the second high-temperature condenser 17, the two different throttle valves are used for controlling different high-temperature condensers, heat can be distributed as required, and when the temperature in the dehydration unit 2 is too high, the heat generated by the second high-temperature condenser 17 can be increased, and the flow of the second high-temperature condenser 17 can be increased.
The operation mode of the refrigerant of the high-temperature side heat pump assembly is that firstly the gaseous refrigerant passes through the high-temperature compressor 13 to compress the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into the high-pressure and high-temperature gaseous refrigerant, then the gaseous refrigerant is separated from the lubricating oil through the high-temperature oil component 14, and the lubricating oil returns to the high-temperature compressor 13 again to be continuously used; the gaseous refrigerant is divided into two paths, the first path enters an intermediate heat exchanger after passing through a first high-temperature condenser 15 and a first high-temperature throttle valve 16 to exchange heat with a low-temperature side heat pump assembly 8, and then returns to the high-temperature compressor 13 to be continuously recycled, and the first high-temperature condenser 15 is used for heating a product; the second path enters the intermediate heat exchanger 8 after passing through the second high-temperature condenser 17 and the second high-temperature throttle valve 18 to exchange heat with the low-temperature side heat pump assembly, and then returns to the high-temperature compressor 13 to be recycled, and the second high-temperature condenser 17 is used for increasing the temperature of saturated gas discharged by the dehydration unit 2; as the high-temperature refrigerant adopts 245fa, the temperature of the condenser can reach 100-140 ℃, and the heating requirement in the dehydration unit 2 can be completely met.
An air duct 19 is arranged in the negative pressure unit 3, an air inlet of the air duct 19 is communicated with an air outlet of the dehydration unit 2, a vacuum pump set 20 is arranged on the air duct 19, saturated gas in the dehydration unit 2 is pumped out and discharged through the vacuum pump set 20, meanwhile, an air heat recoverer 21 can be arranged at the position of the air inlet of the air duct 19, the air heat recoverer 21, a second high-temperature condenser 17 and the vacuum pump set 20 are sequentially arranged according to the advancing direction of the gas in the air duct 19, the air heat recoverer 21 is provided with two channels which are a first channel and a second channel, the air inlet of the air duct 19 is connected to the first channel, and the air outlet of the air duct 19 is connected to the; saturated gas gets into wind channel 19 through first passageway in, heats up saturated gas through second high temperature condenser 17, and gas becomes unsaturated gas this moment, later gets into the second passageway through vacuum pump package 20, through carrying out the heat exchange between the higher unsaturated gas of second passageway temperature and the saturated gas that is lower through first passageway temperature, has realized preheating saturated gas, improves thermal utilization ratio.
In conclusion, the system simultaneously meets the requirements of cold quantity and heat quantity of the pre-freezing process and the vacuum dehydration process; the conventional steam, hot oil and other systems are omitted; the heat dissipation equipment such as an external cooling tower and the like required by the existing system is also saved; the system dehumidifies and heats the air sucked by the vacuum pump set, the air sucked by the vacuum pump set is high in temperature and low in relative humidity, and the reliability of the unit is greatly improved; adopt low temperature condenser as the water trap in the dehydration unit, can guarantee that water trap does not have the phenomenon of frosting, freezing, and system efficiency is high, and energy-conserving effect is obvious, improves cop value, and production process speed improves.
It is to be emphasized that: the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any form, and any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made by the technical spirit of the present invention to the above embodiments are all within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-level cold-hot shared vacuum freeze-drying system comprises a pre-freezing unit (1), a dehydration unit (2), a negative pressure unit (3) and a heat pump unit for providing heat energy and cold energy, wherein after the product is frozen in the pre-freezing unit (1), the dehydration unit (2) is used for dehydration, the dehydration unit (2) ensures the negative pressure inside the dehydration unit (2) through the negative pressure unit (3), characterized in that the heat pump unit comprises a high temperature side heat pump assembly and a low temperature side heat pump assembly, the high-temperature condenser of the high-temperature side heat pump assembly provides heat energy for the dehydration unit (2), the low-temperature side heat pump assembly provides cold energy for the pre-freezing unit (1) and the dehydration unit (2), the water vapor heated by the high-temperature condenser of the high-temperature side heat pump unit in the dehydration unit (2) meets the low-temperature condenser of the low-temperature side heat pump unit and is converted into liquid water.
2. The multi-level cold-hot common vacuum freeze-drying system according to claim 1, wherein the low-temperature side heat pump assembly is formed by serially connecting a low-temperature compressor (4), a low-temperature oil component (5), a low-temperature condenser, an intermediate heat exchanger (8), a low-temperature throttle valve (9) and a low-temperature evaporator (10) in sequence, the low-temperature condenser is located in the dehydration unit (2), and the low-temperature evaporator (10) is located in the pre-freezing unit (1).
3. The multi-level cold-hot common vacuum freeze-drying system according to claim 2, wherein the two cryocondensers are a first cryocondenser (6) and a second cryocondenser (7), the second cryocondenser (7) is located in the dehydration unit (2), and an external fan (11) is disposed beside the first cryocondenser (6).
4. The multi-level cooling-heating common vacuum freeze-drying system according to claim 3, wherein a drainage device (12) for collecting and draining liquid water is provided beside the second low-temperature condenser (7).
5. The multi-level cold-hot common vacuum freeze-drying system according to claim 1, wherein the high temperature side heat pump assembly is formed by connecting a high temperature compressor (13), a high temperature oil component (14), a high temperature condenser, a high temperature throttle valve and an intermediate heat exchanger (8) in series in sequence, and the high temperature condenser is positioned in the dehydration unit (2).
6. The multi-level cold-hot common vacuum freeze-drying system according to claim 5, wherein the high temperature condenser has two high temperature condensers, namely a first high temperature condenser (15) and a second high temperature condenser (17), the first high temperature condenser (15) and the second high temperature condenser (17) are connected in parallel, the first high temperature condenser (15) is located in the dehydration unit (2), and the second high temperature condenser (17) is located in the negative pressure unit (3).
7. The multi-level cold-hot common vacuum freeze-drying system according to claim 6, wherein the high-temperature throttle valve has two high-temperature throttle valves, namely a first high-temperature throttle valve (16) and a second high-temperature throttle valve (18), the first high-temperature throttle valve (16) is connected in series with the first high-temperature condenser (15), and the second high-temperature throttle valve (18) is connected in series with the second high-temperature condenser (17).
8. The multi-level cold-hot common vacuum freeze-drying system according to claim 1, wherein an air duct (19) is provided in the negative pressure unit (3), and a vacuum pump set (20) is provided on the air duct (19).
9. The multi-level cold-hot shared vacuum freeze-drying system according to claim 6, wherein an air duct (19) is arranged in the negative pressure unit (3), a vacuum pump set (20) and an air-heat recoverer (21) are arranged on the air duct (19), the air-heat recoverer (21) and the second high-temperature condenser (17) are sequentially arranged according to the advancing direction of the air in the air duct (19), and the air in the air duct (19) passes through the air-heat recoverer (21) and then is discharged through an air outlet of the air duct (19).
10. The multi-level cold-hot common vacuum freeze-drying system according to claim 9, wherein the wind-heat recovery device (21), the second high-temperature condenser (17) and the vacuum pump set (20) are sequentially arranged according to the advancing direction of the gas in the wind tunnel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022460808.1U CN213454546U (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2020-10-29 | Multi-layer cold-hot shared vacuum freeze-drying system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202022460808.1U CN213454546U (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2020-10-29 | Multi-layer cold-hot shared vacuum freeze-drying system |
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| CN213454546U true CN213454546U (en) | 2021-06-15 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112197517A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-01-08 | 四方科技集团股份有限公司 | Multi-level cold and hot sharing vacuum freeze-drying system |
| CN112197517B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2024-07-05 | 四方科技集团股份有限公司 | Multi-level cold and hot common vacuum freeze-drying system |
-
2020
- 2020-10-29 CN CN202022460808.1U patent/CN213454546U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112197517A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-01-08 | 四方科技集团股份有限公司 | Multi-level cold and hot sharing vacuum freeze-drying system |
| CN112197517B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2024-07-05 | 四方科技集团股份有限公司 | Multi-level cold and hot common vacuum freeze-drying system |
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