CN209910289U

CN209910289U - Energy-saving heat pump aquatic products drying device

Info

Publication number: CN209910289U
Application number: CN201920307017.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王丹妮; 许光映; 王晋宝; 薛大文; 田美灵; 张�浩
Original assignee: Zhejiang Ocean University ZJOU
Current assignee: Zhejiang Ocean University ZJOU
Priority date: 2019-03-12
Filing date: 2019-03-12
Publication date: 2020-01-07
Anticipated expiration: 2029-03-12

Abstract

The utility model discloses an energy-saving heat pump water product drying device, refrigerant gas becomes high temperature high pressure gas through the compressor compression and gets into oil separator, condenses into liquid through the second heater afterwards, and then gets into the subcooler and carries out the secondary cooling, gets into the drier-filter through the reservoir, lets in the regenerator and carries out the third refrigeration, throttles through the thermal expansion valve and gets into the evaporimeter and gasifies the refrigeration, and rethread regenerator is heated, lets in the compressor and circulates; the bottom of the evaporator is provided with a water condensation disc which is communicated with a water condensation pipe with a water condensation pump, and the water condensation pipe is introduced into the water tank through a subcooler. The low-temperature condensed water of the dehumidifier is used as a cold source of the subcooler, the condensate is subcooled for the first time, the heat regenerator is arranged as a secondary subcooler, the refrigerating capacity is increased by continuous twice subcooling, and the constant temperature of the dry air is realized.

Description

Energy-saving heat pump aquatic products drying device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic product drying, and particularly relates to an energy-saving heat pump water product drying device.

Background

In recent years, the culture and fishing technology of marine fishery is greatly improved, and compared with the rapid improvement of the culture and fishing technology, the improvement of the aquatic product processing technology is slightly retarded. At present, the processing technology in coastal rural areas is generally lagged behind, the processing and production seasonality of aquatic products is strong, and the aquatic products are easy to decay and deteriorate after being treated in time. The aquatic product processing mainly adopts cold processing for reducing temperature and drying processing technology for removing water. Compared with the investment and running cost of a cold processing technology, the drying processing technology has the advantages of less investment and low cost. However, most enterprises in the market adopt a technology of producing steam by a steam boiler and then drying aquatic products in a mode of heating air, the technology is high in energy consumption and high in cost, and a plurality of boiler emission standards are directly discharged without treatment, so that environmental pollution is caused. The original mode of sun drying is commonly adopted in coastal rural areas, the drying level is difficult to control and the expected effect of the product cannot be ensured. The protein in the aquatic product is sensitive to temperature, the protein is denatured at the temperature higher than 40 ℃, and the product phase becomes yellow after drying.

The utility model discloses a patent number ZJ201820328480 provides earlier with accepting the dish moisture that the aquatic products surface spin-dries, then reuse vacuum rapid draing's technical route mainly still uses vacuum drying, the energy power consumption electric heating. Compared with a vacuum drying chamber without water throwing, the energy-saving drying chamber saves energy, but the energy consumption is not low. The invention patent of application number 201611001183.4 discloses an aquatic product drying technical scheme, and a controller is arranged to control a second blocking cylinder to retract to open an outlet of a box body and start a second conveyor belt. Patent nos. ZJ201410251511.0 and CN201810867527 present the technical route of drying by using a heat pump, that is, a condenser is provided for heating and two evaporators are provided for releasing heat, the inner (main) evaporator absorbs heat from the circulating air, the outer evaporator absorbs heat from the environment, so that the heat released by the air in the main evaporator is far less than that obtained from the condenser, the temperature of the air in the drying chamber is reduced, but the humidity is increased, the total air energy (humid air enthalpy) is not reduced, according to the technical route, the temperature in the drying chamber is inevitably higher and higher, and the drying quality of aquatic products cannot be ensured. CN201810746503 discloses an air-source heat pump drying system for chinese wolfberry, the air of the system circulates in a drying chamber, an evaporator absorbs heat from the environment, the energy recovery system is started only when the humidity of the circulating air reaches a certain humidity, and the air is recovered by a refrigerator instead of the refrigerator and the heat pump system, the air is heated circularly all the time, the temperature and humidity are continuously increased, and the drying quality of the chinese wolfberry cannot be guaranteed. There are therefore a number of problems associated with existing agricultural product heat pump drying.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the energy-saving heat pump water product drying device which is low in energy consumption and capable of keeping the temperature of the drying air constant is provided. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a heat pump type temperature-variable dryer comprises a compressor, an oil separator, a second heater, a subcooler, a liquid storage device, a drying filter, a heat regenerator and an evaporator which are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a heat pump refrigerant circulation loop; refrigerant gas is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas by a compressor, enters an oil separator, is condensed into liquid by a second heater, is cooled for the second time by a subcooler, enters a drying filter by a liquid reservoir, is introduced into a heat regenerator for the third time of refrigeration, is throttled by a thermostatic expansion valve, enters an evaporator for gasification refrigeration, is heated by the heat regenerator, and is introduced into the compressor for circulation; the bottom of the evaporator is provided with a water condensation disc which is communicated with a water condensation pipe with a water condensation pump, and the water condensation pipe is introduced into the water tank through a subcooler.

Furthermore, the device also comprises a machine room which is an independent chamber; the compressor, the oil separator, the subcooler, the liquid reservoir, the drying subcooler and the heat regenerator are arranged in the machine room.

Furthermore, a louver is arranged on the machine room and used for heat dissipation.

Furthermore, a thermal expansion valve is arranged on a pipeline of the heat regenerator leading into the evaporator.

Further, the evaporator is a high-low pressure evaporator. The high-low pressure evaporator adopts two evaporation pressures for refrigeration, and cools and dehumidifies the damp and hot air by stages, thereby being beneficial to reducing energy consumption.

Furthermore, the drying device also comprises an air duct, a circulating centrifugal fan, a first heater, a second heater and a drying vehicle; the air duct is an independent cavity and comprises an air inlet and an air outlet; the circulating centrifugal fan is arranged in the air duct and is placed at the air inlet, and the second heater is arranged outside the air duct and is communicated with the air outlet; the first heater, the drying vehicle and the second heater are sequentially arranged side by side and horizontally placed; the side of the first heater far away from the drying vehicle is adjacent to the evaporator; and the circulating centrifugal fan is communicated with the first heater to suck air in the circulating centrifugal fan.

Furthermore, an electric valve is arranged in the air duct and is arranged in front of the fan.

Furthermore, the drying chamber is also included; the drying chamber is an independent chamber, and the evaporator, the first heater, the drying vehicle and the second heater are all arranged in the drying chamber.

Furthermore, the drying machine also comprises an electric valve for adjusting the temperature of the drying air; the valve is communicated with the drying chamber and the air duct; the valve is arranged between the drying vehicle and the first heater or between the evaporator and the inner wall of the drying chamber.

Furthermore, the drying device also comprises a fresh air pipe and an exhaust pipe which both extend into the drying chamber; the air outlet of the fresh air pipe is arranged between the inner wall of the drying chamber and the evaporator, and the air inlet is provided with an air valve; the air inlet of the exhaust pipe is arranged between the first heater and the drying vehicle, and the air outlet is provided with an exhaust fan. Considering that aquatic products are not always fresh, and air can be polluted in the dry air circulation, an exhaust pipe and a fresh air pipe are arranged for exhausting air and exchanging air.

The principle of the invention is as follows: in order to keep the temperature of the air constant, the heat of the air heated by the condenser is completely released in the evaporator, the air is heated from the humidity of the condenser and the like in the heat pump drying process, then the temperature of the air is reduced and the air is dehumidified in the evaporator, the energy released by the reduction of the enthalpy of the air is the refrigerating capacity of the evaporator, and if the heat pump refrigerant works in a saturated cycle, the heat released by the condenser has more compression work than that of the evaporator, and obviously, the two equal effects cannot be realized. However, if the heat pump refrigerant operates in the supercooling cycle, the cooling capacity is increased, the condensation heat is not changed, and when the supercooling degree is sufficient, the cooling capacity is equal to the condensation heat, so that the constant temperature of the dry air is realized. Aiming at the principle, the technical scheme provided by the patent is that a subcooler is arranged behind a condenser, and a heat regenerator is arranged before evaporation, namely, twice subcooling is carried out.

Has the advantages that: the invention has the following advantages in structural arrangement:

1. the low-temperature condensed water of the dehumidifier is used as a cold source of the subcooler, the condensate is subcooled for the first time, the heat regenerator is arranged as a secondary subcooler, the refrigerating capacity is increased by continuous twice subcooling, and the constant temperature of the dry air is realized.

2. The heat released by the condenser is fully utilized as the heat source of the dryer.

3. And the air before dehumidification is subjected to gradient cooling, so that the energy loss is reduced to the maximum extent.

4. The heat regenerator is arranged in the heat pump refrigerant circulation loop, so that the accident of compressing the hydraulic machine is avoided, the energy efficiency of the heat pump is improved, and the energy is saved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single evaporative dehumidifier with an electric damper on the right side;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a single evaporator-dehumidifier with an electric air valve on the left side;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the evaporator being a high-low pressure evaporative dehumidifier with an electric air valve on the right side thereof;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the evaporator being a high-low pressure evaporative dehumidifier with an electric damper on the left side thereof.

Detailed Description

As shown in FIG. 1, an insulated box 16 is internally divided into upper, middle and lower three layers by insulated panels 22. The upper layer is a machine room, the middle layer is an air duct, and the lower layer is a drying chamber.

The machine room is internally provided with a compressor 1, an oil separator 6, a subcooler 3, a liquid accumulator 4, a drying filter 5 and a heat regenerator 7. And a blind window 24 is arranged on the machine room for heat dissipation.

A circulating centrifugal fan 15 and an electric air valve are arranged in the air duct; the electric air valve is arranged in front of an air outlet of the circulating centrifugal fan 15 and controls air quantity and air speed.

The drying chamber is provided with a second heater 2, a first heater 12, an evaporator 9 and a plurality of drying trucks 15.

The first heater 12 and the second heater 2 are oppositely arranged, the drying vehicle 15 is placed between the first heater 12 and the second heater 2, and the evaporator 9 is connected with one side of the first heater 12 far away from the drying vehicle 13. The bottom of the evaporator 9 is provided with a condensation plate 10, the condensation plate 10 is communicated with a condensation pipe 23, the condensation pipe 23 is provided with a condensation pump 14, the condensation pipe 23 passes through the subcooler 3 and serves as a cold source of the condenser 3, and the condensation pipe 23 is finally introduced into the water tank.

The pipeline is sent out from the compressor 1, and sequentially passes through the oil separator 6, the second heater 2, the subcooler 3, the liquid storage device 4, the drying filter 6, the thermostatic expansion valve 8, the evaporator 9 and the heat regenerator 7, and the refrigerant is heated into gas in the evaporator 9, then returns to the heat regenerator 7 through the pipeline, and finally returns to the compressor 1 to form a loop.

An opening is arranged on the heat insulation plate below the air duct and is used as an air inlet of the air duct. The circulating centrifugal fan 15 is placed at the air inlet and is positioned above and connected with the first heater 12. The transverse top end of the heat insulation board below the air duct and the inner wall of the box body are provided with air outlets at intervals, wherein the air outlets are formed

The second heater 2 is arranged at the air outlet; the top end of the second heater 2 is pressed against the heat insulation plate, and the bottom end is placed at the bottom of the drying chamber, so that all air from the air duct enters the second heater 2.

An electric air valve 11 is arranged between the drying vehicle 15 and the first heater 12, and the electric air valve 11 discharges part of air passing through the drying vehicle into an air duct.

Two pipelines, namely a fresh air pipe 21 and an exhaust air pipe 18, extend outwards from the drying chamber. The air outlet of the fresh air pipe is arranged between the inner wall of the drying chamber and the evaporator 9, and the air inlet is provided with an air valve; an air inlet of the exhaust duct 18 is arranged between the first heater 12 and the drying vehicle 12, and an exhaust fan is arranged at an air outlet.

The specific implementation process of the invention is as follows: when the operation is started, the electric air valve 21 and the exhaust fan 19 are closed, and the heat pump compressor 1 and the circulating centrifugal fan 15 are started. The compressor 1 compresses freon steam into high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam, the high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam enters the oil separator 6, then passes through the second heater (condenser) 2, the gaseous refrigerant is condensed into liquid, is supercooled by the supercooler 3, is collected in the liquid accumulator 4, is dried and filtered in the drying filter 5, enters the heat regenerator 7 to be further supercooled by the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant on the other side, is throttled by the thermostatic expansion valve 8, then enters the evaporator 9 to be gasified and refrigerated, dehumidifies air, then returns to the heat regenerator 7 to be heated by the liquid refrigerant, and is introduced into the compressor 1 to form a heat pump refrigerant circulating system.

At the same time, a semi-closed air circulation system is also in progress. Air in the wind channel gets into second heater 2, is heated and dehumidifies, absorbs the surperficial moisture of aquatic products when blowing through dry car 13, and inside moisture is to surface migration, and aquatic products moisture is constantly taken away by the air that flows through, reaches the purpose of dry aquatic products. In the process of drying aquatic products, the temperature of air per se is reduced, and the humidity is increased. In fig. 1, the air that has passed through the aquatic product is divided into two paths. One path flows through the electric air valve 11 and returns to the air duct space, the other path flows through the hot side of the first heater 12 to heat the dehumidified low-temperature dry air, the low-temperature dry air is cooled, then enters the evaporator 9 and is cooled and dehumidified by the refrigerant, and then returns to the cold side of the first heater 12 to be heated by hot air at the hot side, and then is sucked into the air duct by the circulating centrifugal fan 15. The two paths of air are mixed in the air duct space and then heated by a second heater (condenser) to be used for drying aquatic products again. The electric regulating valve adjusts the air volume distribution proportion, influences the temperature and the humidity of air sent to the drying chamber next time, and can be suitable for the drying requirements of different aquatic products.

As shown in fig. 2, the electric air valve 11 is arranged behind the evaporator 9, and the purpose of adjusting different drying temperatures and humidity can be achieved. The difference from fig. 1 is that the air is split after passing through the first heater 9, and the air volume distribution ratio is adjusted by the electric control valve 11.

The evaporator 9 of fig. 3 and 4 is optionally a high-low pressure evaporative dehumidifier. Because the evaporator needs to dehumidify, if the internal and external temperature difference is smaller, the energy consumption loss is smaller, and the two evaporators are arranged to replace one dehumidification temperature, so that the energy consumption in the dehumidification process is reduced.

Because of the different pressures of the high and low pressures, a pressure reducing valve 7 is added to the conduit back to the high pressure evaporator in the regenerator. The pressure reducing valve enables the pressure of the throttling high-pressure evaporator to be not higher than the pressure of the low-pressure evaporator, and the exhaust of the low-pressure evaporator is prevented from being blocked.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an energy-saving heat pump aquatic products drying device which characterized in that: the system comprises a compressor (1), an oil separator (6), a second heater (2), a subcooler (3), a liquid accumulator (4), a drying filter (5), a heat regenerator (7) and an evaporator (9) which are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a heat pump refrigerant circulation loop; refrigerant gas is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas by a compressor (1), enters an oil separator (6), is condensed into liquid by a second heater (2), is cooled for the second time by a subcooler (3), enters a drying filter (5) by a liquid reservoir (4), is introduced into a heat regenerator (7) for the third time of refrigeration, is throttled by a thermostatic expansion valve (8), enters an evaporator (9) for gasification refrigeration, is heated by the heat regenerator (7), and is introduced into the compressor (1) for circulation; the bottom of the evaporator (9) is provided with a water condensation tray (10), the water condensation tray (10) is communicated with a water condensation pipe (23) with a water condensation pump (14), and the water condensation pipe (23) is introduced into the water tank through the subcooler (3).

2. The energy-saving heat pump aquatic product drying device of claim 1, characterized in that: the machine room is an independent cavity; the compressor (1), the oil separator (6), the subcooler (3), the liquid accumulator (4), the drying subcooler (3) and the heat regenerator (7) are arranged in the machine room.

3. The energy-saving heat pump aquatic product drying device of claim 2, characterized in that: and a louver (24) for heat dissipation is arranged on the machine room.

4. The energy-saving heat pump aquatic product drying device of claim 1, characterized in that: and a thermal expansion valve (8) is arranged on a pipeline of the heat regenerator (7) leading into the evaporator (9).

5. The energy-saving heat pump aquatic product drying device of claim 1, characterized in that: the evaporator (9) is a high-pressure and low-pressure evaporator.

6. The energy-saving heat pump aquatic product drying device of claim 1, characterized in that: the drying device also comprises an air duct, a circulating centrifugal fan (15), a first heater (12), a second heater (2) and a drying vehicle (13); the air duct is an independent cavity and comprises an air inlet and an air outlet; the circulating centrifugal fan (15) is arranged in the air duct and placed at the air inlet, and the second heater (2) is arranged outside the air duct and communicated with the air outlet; the first heater (12), the drying vehicle (13) and the second heater (2) are sequentially arranged side by side and horizontally placed; the side of the first heater (12) remote from the drying vehicle (13) adjoins the evaporator (9); the circulating centrifugal fan (15) is communicated with the first heater (12) to suck air in the circulating centrifugal fan.

7. The energy-saving heat pump aquatic product drying device of claim 6, characterized in that: an electric valve is arranged in the air duct and is arranged in front of the circulating centrifugal fan (15).

8. The energy-saving heat pump aquatic product drying device of claim 6, characterized in that: also comprises a drying chamber; the drying chamber is an independent chamber, and the evaporator (9), the first heater (12), the drying vehicle (13) and the second heater (2) are all arranged in the drying chamber.

9. The energy-saving heat pump aquatic product drying device of claim 8, characterized in that: also comprises an electric valve (11) for adjusting the temperature of the drying air; the valve (11) is communicated with the drying chamber and the air duct; the valve (11) is arranged between the drying vehicle (13) and the first heater (12) or between the evaporator (9) and the inner wall of the drying chamber.

10. The energy-saving heat pump aquatic product drying device of claim 8, characterized in that: also comprises a fresh air pipe (21) and an exhaust pipe (18) which both extend into the drying chamber; an air outlet of the fresh air pipe (21) is arranged between the inner wall of the drying chamber and the evaporator (9), and an air valve is arranged at an air inlet; the air inlet of the exhaust pipe (18) is arranged between the first heater (12) and the drying vehicle (13), and the air outlet is provided with an exhaust fan (19).