CN213451568U - Combined mechanism for realizing constant-speed reciprocating motion - Google Patents
Combined mechanism for realizing constant-speed reciprocating motion Download PDFInfo
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- CN213451568U CN213451568U CN202022153326.1U CN202022153326U CN213451568U CN 213451568 U CN213451568 U CN 213451568U CN 202022153326 U CN202022153326 U CN 202022153326U CN 213451568 U CN213451568 U CN 213451568U
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种实现等速往复运动的组合机构，包括非圆齿轮机构和连杆机构，连杆机构为对心曲柄滑块机构，对心曲柄滑块机构与非圆齿轮机构串联，非圆齿轮机构包括主动非圆齿轮和从动非圆齿轮，从动非圆齿轮与主动非圆齿轮啮合，对心曲柄滑块机构的曲柄连接在从动非圆齿轮的中心轴上，曲柄连接在从动非圆齿轮的转动中心处，曲柄随从动非圆齿轮运动。对心曲柄滑块机构包括曲柄、连杆和滑块，曲柄的一端连接在从动非圆齿轮的中心上，曲柄的另一端与连杆连接，连杆的另一端与滑块连接。该组合机构还包括机架，机架上设有供滑块移动的导轨，滑块滑动连接在导轨上。采用非圆齿轮与对心曲柄滑块机构串联组合，可严格实现从动件等速往复运动规律。
The utility model discloses a combined mechanism for realizing constant velocity reciprocating motion, which comprises a non-circular gear mechanism and a connecting rod mechanism. The connecting rod mechanism is a centering crank slider mechanism, and the centering crank slider mechanism is connected with the non-circular gear mechanism in series. The non-circular gear mechanism includes a driving non-circular gear and a driven non-circular gear, the driven non-circular gear meshes with the driving non-circular gear, and the crank of the centering crank slider mechanism is connected to the central shaft of the driven non-circular gear, and the crank is connected At the center of rotation of the driven non-circular gear, the crank moves with the driven non-circular gear. The centering crank-slider mechanism includes a crank, a connecting rod and a slider, one end of the crank is connected to the center of the driven non-circular gear, the other end of the crank is connected with the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the slider. The combined mechanism also includes a frame, the frame is provided with a guide rail for the sliding block to move, and the sliding block is slidably connected to the guide rail. The series combination of non-circular gear and centering crank slider mechanism can strictly realize the constant velocity reciprocating motion of the follower.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of mechanomology, concretely relates to realize constant speed reciprocating motion's combined mechanism.
Background
In mechanical engineering, an executing component of a main transmission system of some machines must be capable of strictly or approximately realizing a uniform reciprocating motion law, for example, an energy dissipation shock absorber testing machine and a tension and compression material fatigue testing machine widely used in mechanical engineering and constructional engineering have working requirements that the main transmission system can strictly realize the uniform reciprocating motion law, so that a test result can be credible. At present, the transmission systems capable of achieving strict constant velocity laws are mainly hydraulic transmission systems, while mechanical transmission systems are rare. Therefore, the main transmission systems of the existing energy-consuming damper testing machine and the tension and compression material fatigue testing machine adopt hydraulic transmission. However, the hydraulic transmission system is expensive, and has the defects of oil change or oil leakage, short service life and the like. The main transmission system is realized by adopting a mechanism capable of realizing a constant-speed motion law, and the defects of the main transmission system can be overcome. Except for the cam mechanism, the constant-speed motion law of the driven part cannot be realized by adopting a mechanism, but the cam mechanism belongs to a high-auxiliary mechanism and cannot be used for a main transmission system of a machine generally. The constant-speed reciprocating motion law can be realized by adopting incomplete gear transmission, but the reversing impact is large, and the reciprocating motion stroke cannot be adjusted. Patent 201810439332.8 has proposed a non-circular gear and sinusoidal mechanism series connection combination can realize follower constant velocity reciprocating motion law, but sinusoidal mechanism has a longer slider guide rail than perpendicular with the direction of motion, brings the difficulty for structural design, and the structure transverse dimension increases, increases machine reciprocating motion inertia force.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the not enough that exists among the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a simple structure, convenient to use just can realize constant speed reciprocating motion's combined mechanism.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is that: a kind of combined mechanism which realizes the constant speed reciprocating motion, its characteristic lies in: the eccentric crank-slider mechanism comprises a non-circular gear mechanism and a connecting rod mechanism, wherein the connecting rod mechanism is a centering crank-slider mechanism, the centering crank-slider mechanism is connected with the non-circular gear mechanism in series, the non-circular gear mechanism comprises a driving non-circular gear and a driven non-circular gear, the driven non-circular gear is meshed with the driving non-circular gear, a crank of the centering crank-slider mechanism is connected to a central shaft of the driven non-circular gear, and the crank moves along with the driven non-circular gear.
Furthermore, the centering crank-slider mechanism comprises a crank, a connecting rod and a slider, wherein one end of the crank is connected to the center of the driven non-circular gear, the other end of the crank is connected with the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the slider.
Furthermore, the combined mechanism further comprises a rack, a guide rail for the sliding block to move is arranged on the rack, the sliding block is connected to the guide rail in a sliding mode, the driving non-circular gear drives the driven non-circular gear to rotate, and the driven non-circular gear drives the crank to rotate, so that the connecting rod drives the sliding block to do reciprocating linear motion.
Furthermore, the center of the driving noncircular gear is matched with the rotating shaft to be rotatably connected onto the rack, the center of the driven noncircular gear is matched with the rotating shaft to be rotatably connected onto the rack, and the rotating center of the driving noncircular gear and the rotating center of the driven noncircular gear are on the same horizontal line.
Furthermore, the moving center of the sliding block is collinear with the rotating center of the driving non-circular gear and the rotating center of the driven non-circular gear and is on the same horizontal line.
Adopt the utility model discloses technical scheme's advantage does:
1. the utility model adopts the series combination of the non-circular gear and the centering crank-slider mechanism, which can strictly realize the constant-speed reciprocating motion rule of the driven part and the adjustable change of the reciprocating motion stroke of the driven part; further expanding the application, the combined mechanism can theoretically realize any speed change rule of the driven part; and the length of the crank is changed, so that the motion stroke of the sliding block can be adjusted.
2. The utility model is formed by combining a pair of non-circular gear transmission mechanisms and a centering slider-crank mechanism, when the driving gear rotates at uniform speed, the centering slider-crank mechanism is driven through the transmission of the pair of non-circular gears, and the constant-speed reciprocating motion of the driven part of the sine mechanism can be strictly realized; the combined mechanism is formed by combining the non-circular gear and the crank slider mechanism in series, so that the combined mechanism can be applied to a main transmission system of a machine which needs to accurately realize the constant-speed motion law and transmit larger power, such as a mechanical transmission type tension and compression fatigue testing machine, a mechanical transmission type shock absorber testing machine and the like.
Drawings
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the assembly mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the non-circular gear pitch curve kinematics design calculation of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the crank angle and the speed of the driven member according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a pitch curve of the non-circular gear of the present invention.
The labels in the above figures are respectively: 1. a driving non-circular gear; 2. a driven non-circular gear; 3. a crank; 4. A connecting rod; 5. a slider; 6. and a frame.
Detailed Description
In the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "plane direction", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a combined mechanism for realizing constant-speed reciprocating motion is characterized in that: including non-circular gear mechanism and link mechanism, link mechanism is to heart slider-crank mechanism, establishes ties to heart slider-crank mechanism and non-circular gear mechanism, and non-circular gear mechanism includes initiative non-circular gear 1 and driven non-circular gear 2, and driven non-circular gear 2 meshes with initiative non-circular gear 1, and on the center pin of driven non-circular gear 2 was connected to crank 3 to heart slider-crank mechanism, crank 3 is connected in the center of rotation department of driven non-circular gear 2, and crank 3 moves along with driven non-circular gear 2.
The centering crank-slider mechanism comprises a crank 3, a connecting rod 4 and a slider 5, wherein one end of the crank 3 is connected to the center of the driven non-circular gear 2, the other end of the crank 3 is connected with the connecting rod 4, and the other end of the connecting rod 4 is connected with the slider 5.
The combined mechanism further comprises a rack 6, a guide rail for the sliding block 5 to move is arranged on the rack 6, the sliding block 5 is connected with the guide rail in a sliding mode, the driving noncircular gear 1 drives the driven noncircular gear 2 to rotate, and the driven noncircular gear 2 drives the crank 3 to rotate, so that the connecting rod 4 drives the sliding block 5 to do reciprocating linear motion.
The center of initiative non-circular gear 1 rotates with the pivot cooperation and is connected in frame 6, and the center of driven non-circular gear 2 rotates with the pivot cooperation and is connected in frame 6, under normal condition, initiative non-circular gear 1 is vertical to be arranged, and the horizontal level of driven non-circular gear 2 arranges, and initiative non-circular gear 1 is perpendicular with driven non-circular gear 2. The rotation center of the driving non-circular gear 1 and the rotation center of the driven non-circular gear 2 are on the same horizontal line. The moving center of the slide block 5 is collinear and on the same horizontal line with the rotating center of the driving noncircular gear 1 and the rotating center of the driven noncircular gear 2.
The utility model discloses a to change at the uniform velocity rotation into constant velocity reciprocating motion, adopt non-circular gear mechanism and link mechanism to come the series connection combination to realize. Because the link mechanism is the preferred mechanism as the main transmission system of the machine, the simple link mechanism can not realize the constant-speed reciprocating motion law. Although the cam mechanism can strictly realize any motion law, the cam mechanism belongs to a high-auxiliary mechanism and has low bearing capacity, and generally cannot be used as a main transmission system. The non-circular gear mechanism and the crank block mechanism are combined in series to realize the conversion of the constant-speed rotation into the constant-speed reciprocating motion.
As shown in FIG. 1, the rotation center of the driving non-circular gear 1 is O1The rotation center of the driven non-circular gear 2 is O2The connecting point of the crank 3 and the connecting rod 4 is A, the connecting point of the connecting rod 4 and the sliding block 5 is B, and the connecting point is of a non-circular gear pairCenter distance O1 O2A (mm), the length O of the crank (3)2A is r (mm), and the rotation angles of the driving non-circular gear 1 and the driven non-circular gear 1 are respectively
The instantaneous angular speeds of the driving and driven non-circular gears are omega respectively1、ω2The pitch circle radiuses of the meshing points of the driving and driven non-circular gears are r1、r2The length AB of the link 4 is l.
Major quantitative relationship
Quantitative relationship of non-circular gear mechanism:
a pair of non-circular gear mechanisms can realize variable transmission ratio transmission between two wheels by utilizing different pitch curve shapes. Given ratio function
At any instant of time, there will always be a point P where the relative speed of motion is equal to zero, called the instant transmission node. The point P is positioned on the center line O1 O2And satisfies ω1r1＝ω2r2Each using r1、r2To represent
Instantaneous transmission ratio i12Comprises the following steps:
the pitch curve calculation formula of the driving gear is as follows:
the pitch curve calculation formula of the driven gear is as follows:
quantitative relation of the centering crank-slider mechanism:
crank O2Corner of A
The relationship with the displacement x of the slide 5 is:
1) equation of motion
Wherein:
thus, there are:
(crank link ratio)
) Beta is an included angle between the connecting rod and the frame;
2) speed of rotation
The relation between the rotation angle of the driving non-circular gear 1 and the sliding block 5 can be obtained by simultaneous solving of the formulas (1) and (5).
Design algorithm of non-circular gear pitch curve
Realize the constant-speed reciprocating motion rule
Then there are:
and then the pitch curve of the non-circular gear can be calculated by using the formulas (2) and (3).
The calculation steps are as follows:
and 2, establishing a constant-speed motion rule of the sliding block 5 in a motion cycle [0,2 pi ] of the crank 3, namely a combined motion rule comprising a reciprocating constant-speed motion rule and a superposition of equal-acceleration equal-deceleration and sinusoidal motion rules in the starting and reversing stages, wherein the combined motion rule of equal-acceleration equal-deceleration and sinusoidal motion rule superposition is adopted in the starting and reversing stages, and the purpose of reducing the large impact caused by the sudden change of speed in the reversing process is achieved.
Calculation example:
the crank length r is 0.3m, l is 0.9m, and a is 1.2 m.
The available non-circular gear pitch curve design is calculated as shown in fig. 4. Because the reciprocating motion rule of the crank connecting rod mechanism is asymmetric to the working stroke and the return stroke, the pitch curve is asymmetric, and the design scheme is unique.
The utility model adopts the series combination of the non-circular gear and the centering crank-slider mechanism, and can strictly realize the constant-speed reciprocating motion law of the driven part and the adjustable change of the reciprocating motion stroke of the driven part by properly designing the section curve of the non-circular gear; further expanding the application, the combined mechanism can theoretically realize any speed change rule of the driven part; and the length of the crank is changed, so that the motion stroke of the sliding block can be adjusted.
The utility model is formed by combining a pair of non-circular gear transmission mechanisms and a centering slider-crank mechanism, when the driving gear rotates at uniform speed, the centering slider-crank mechanism is driven through the transmission of the pair of non-circular gears, and the constant-speed reciprocating motion of the driven part of the sine mechanism can be strictly realized; the combined mechanism is formed by combining the non-circular gear and the crank slider mechanism in series, so that the combined mechanism can be applied to a main transmission system of a machine which needs to accurately realize the constant-speed motion law and transmit larger power, such as a mechanical transmission type tension and compression fatigue testing machine, a mechanical transmission type shock absorber testing machine and the like.
The present invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned manner, and various insubstantial improvements can be made without the technical solutions of the present invention, or the present invention can be directly applied to other occasions without the improvements, and all are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022153326.1U CN213451568U (en) | 2020-09-27 | 2020-09-27 | Combined mechanism for realizing constant-speed reciprocating motion |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022153326.1U CN213451568U (en) | 2020-09-27 | 2020-09-27 | Combined mechanism for realizing constant-speed reciprocating motion |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN213451568U true CN213451568U (en) | 2021-06-15 |
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| CN202022153326.1U Expired - Fee Related CN213451568U (en) | 2020-09-27 | 2020-09-27 | Combined mechanism for realizing constant-speed reciprocating motion |
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| CN (1) | CN213451568U (en) |
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Granted publication date: 20210615 |