CN213423176U - Test system for simulating visual damage process of strip mine refuse dump side slope - Google Patents
Test system for simulating visual damage process of strip mine refuse dump side slope Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a visual destruction process's of simulation strip mine refuse dump side slope test system belongs to geotechnical engineering technical field. The system comprises a CT scanning system, a model loading system and an image acquisition system, wherein the CT scanning system comprises a vertical rack, an area array detector, an X-ray transmitter, an X-ray transmitting hole, a rotary table upper part, a rotary table lower part, a connecting piece, a rotary table base, a transmission track groove, a positioning hole and an iron pad, the model loading system comprises a model box frame, a toughened glass baffle plate, a side slope model, a bearing plate, a reaction frame, a screw jack, a dial indicator, a hand pump rod, a screw, a connecting pipe and a hydraulic loading bag, and the image acquisition system comprises a high-speed camera, a triangular bracket and a tripod head. The utility model discloses a simulation thing source is the refuse dump side slope of soil-rock mixture, and refuse dump landslide slide form and side slope failure mode that slides have very big difference with the homogeneity ground body, and the side slope unstability mechanism that slides is more complicated.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a geotechnical engineering technical field especially indicates a visual destruction process's of simulation strip mine refuse dump side slope test system.
Background
Slope stability analysis is an important application research topic of geotechnical engineering, and the slope stability problem relates to various engineering fields such as civil engineering, mine engineering, hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering and the like, and is receiving more and more attention in recent years. With the deep mining of mineral resources, the occupied area of a mine waste rock storage yard is larger and larger, and the occupied area of a dumping yard in China currently reaches about 115 plus 221 ten thousand square kilometers, and is increased by about 270 square kilometers every year, and the areas are scattered. The mine refuse dump receives and contains the waste stripped from the surface mine, is influenced by the traditional value concept, and mine enterprises pay more attention to economic benefits, pursue less land acquisition, short transportation and large capacity, gradually form the high and steep condition of the mine refuse dump, and easily generate landslide and debris flow, so that potential safety hazards exist in mine production. Once the side slope is unstable and slides down in the refuse dump, serious personal casualties and property losses can be caused. Therefore, the stability of the side slope of the refuse dump is guaranteed, landslide accidents are avoided, and great practical significance and long-term influence are achieved for improving the safety of mine economic benefits.
The mine dump also has slippage damage in the natural state, and the damage symptom is not obvious. In addition, the dump slope source is a soil-rock mixture, the soil-rock mixture (Bimrocks) is a very complex discontinuous medium, and is a multi-phase system composed of rock blocks with high strength and a certain size, soil bodies with low strength, pores and the like, the mechanical properties of all components under the action of external load are greatly different, and extremely complex interaction exists among the components. The mechanical properties (such as stress transfer, failure mode, crack propagation, bearing capacity and the like) of the rock-soil material are greatly different from those of homogeneous rock-soil bodies, and key factors such as space distribution, grading, stone content and the like of the rock-soil material have important influence on the macroscopic mechanical properties of the rock-soil mixture.
At present, the main methods for treating the problem of the side slope of the refuse dump in China comprise: (1) extreme equilibrium analysis methods including the Swedish method, the Bishop method, the Janbu method, and the like; (2) numerical analysis methods including finite element methods, discrete element methods, finite difference methods, and the like; (3) the reliability analysis method is to introduce probability theory and mathematical statistics into the slope stability and calculate the possibility of slope instability. In addition, a model of the refuse dump can be established by adopting software such as ANSYS, 3Dmine and FLAC, and factors influencing the slope stability are analyzed. However, the real-time observation of the interaction of soil and stones and the whole process of structural change in the actual side slope cannot be realized, and the spatial configuration of the development and evolution of the actual slide slope surface cannot be detected.
Along with the development of industrial CT, the whole process digitization and visual representation of the slope slip instability of the earth-rock mixture earth dump become possible to research, and the technical key lies in researching and developing a loading device and a method matched with the industrial CT for simulating the slope slip instability process of the earth dump.
Based on the requirements, the loading system and method for simulating the slope damage process of the dump of the surface mine and matching with the industrial CT machine are invented, and the influence of key factors such as the space distribution, grading and stone content of the rock-soil mixture blockstones on the slope stability and production safety in a natural state is simulated. In addition, by using the high-energy X-ray industrial CT technology and the high-speed camera technical means based on the area array detector, the response characteristics of the slope soil-rock mixture and the slope slip surface damage form can be visually monitored, high-definition CT images inside the slope in the slip process can be obtained in real time, the slope is subjected to three-dimensional reconstruction so as to know the instability evolution process of the slope, and the influence of the content of rock lumps and structural factor parameters on the instability of the slope of the earth dump is further analyzed. The result is helpful for understanding the multi-scale physical process and mechanical behavior of soil-rock interaction and mutual feedback disaster, reveals the influence of the rock block structure on the derivation of the slope crack of the refuse dump and the form of the landslide slide surface, and provides a basis for landslide prediction and the support design of the slope engineering.
The invention discloses a rock slope slippage test system, which is published under the patent application number 202010289737.5 CN 111323561A. The rock slope slippage test system comprises a base, wherein an installation mechanism and a test mechanism are arranged on the base, the test mechanism comprises a bottom plate and baffles, a slope body is arranged between the two baffles, a circulating rainfall mechanism is arranged above the slope body, and one end of the bottom plate is provided with a chute; the slope body is from outer to interior for overlying rock layer, weak soil intermediate layer and basement rock layer in proper order, is provided with the collecting vat on the base, and filtering mechanism is installed to the collecting vat bottom, and filtering mechanism and circulation rainfall mechanism communicate. The rock slope slippage test system provided by the invention can simulate the slippage movement of the bedding rock slope in nature in an indoor experiment so as to research the slope damage process and mechanism; the sliding motion of bedding rock slopes of different combined structural surfaces in the nature can be simulated; in addition, the invention can adopt corresponding detection instruments to obtain corresponding damage test data, and is used for deep research on the damage process of the rock slope.
Through the contrast, the utility model discloses following advantage has:
1. said invention can simulate the sliding movement of bedding rock slope with different combined structure surfaces in the natural world. The utility model discloses can satisfy this basic function, and main simulation thing source is the refuse dump side slope of the soil-rock mixture, and the refuse dump landslide sliding surface form and the side slope failure mode of sliding have very big difference with the homogeneity ground body, and the instability mechanism that slides of side slope is more complicated, so the utility model discloses more have research value and engineering meaning.
2. The invention can obtain the test data of slope damage through the monitoring sensor, but only the stress change in the sliding damage process can be obtained, the test data is too deficient, and the whole process of the interaction of soil and stones in the test data cannot be observed in real time. The utility model discloses the application is based on area array detector high energy X ray industry CT technique, acquires the inside high definition CT image of side slope in the dynamic disturbance process in real time, obtains the inside soil and stone interact of side slope and the multi-scale physical process and the mechanical behavior of mutual feedback disaster-causing, handles with the help of industrial software at last and realizes the visual and digital representation of the whole process of side slope dynamic instability; the high-speed camera continuously shoots without time interruption and records the change condition of the surface of the slope in real time. The two technologies are combined to reveal the macroscopic mechanism and the microscopic mechanism of the slope dynamic instability.
3. The invention is explained in detail for the rock slope slip test system, but a specific use method is not described. The utility model discloses the method gives model box preparation and CT scanning and begins to the CT scanning and finishes concrete operation method, has a detailed explanation to scanning principle and method.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses a solve the visual and digital in the unstability overall process that slides of refuse dump side slope, reveal different lump stone contents and structural factor parameter and to refuse dump side slope unstability influence mechanism, provide a visual destruction process's of simulation strip mine refuse dump side slope test system.
The system comprises a CT scanning system, a model loading system and an image acquisition system, wherein the CT scanning system comprises a vertical frame, an area array detector, an X-ray emitter, an X-ray emission hole, the upper part of a rotary table, the lower part of the rotary table, a connecting piece, a rotary table base, transmission rail grooves, a positioning hole and an iron pad, the model loading system comprises a model box frame, a toughened glass baffle plate, a side slope model, a bearing plate, a reaction frame, a screw jack, a dial indicator, a hand pump rod, a screw, a connecting pipe and a hydraulic loading bag, the image acquisition system comprises a high-speed camera, a triangular bracket and a tripod head, the two vertical frames are symmetrically fixed on the iron pad, the two transmission rail grooves are respectively assembled on the two vertical frames in the vertical direction, the X-ray emitter and the area array detector are respectively and tightly connected with the transmission rail grooves on the two sides, and, the turntable is arranged on an iron pad between two vertical frames and consists of four parts, namely a turntable upper part, a turntable lower part, a connecting piece and a turntable base, the turntable upper part and the turntable lower part are connected together through the connecting piece, the turntable lower part is arranged on the turntable base which is fixed on the iron pad and is used for bearing the main structure of the turntable, the positioning holes are arranged on the vertical frames at equal intervals along the vertical direction and are used for installing and adjusting the positions of the area array detector and the X-ray emitter, a model box frame, a toughened glass baffle plate and a side slope model jointly form a test model box, the side slope model is arranged in the test model box, the toughened glass baffle plate is arranged around the model box frame, the test model box is arranged above the turntable, a bearing plate is arranged at the top of the side slope model, a reaction frame is fixed above the model box frame through screws, and a hand pump and a screw jack are respectively, the left side and the right side of the reaction frame are respectively provided with a dial indicator, the dial indicators penetrate through the reserved holes to be in direct contact with the bearing plate, the front part and the rear part of the hydraulic loading bag are respectively and tightly attached to the bearing plate and the wall of the test model box, the hand pump and the hydraulic loading bag are connected through a connecting pipe, a hand pump rod is arranged on the hand pump, the high-speed camera is arranged on the tripod head, and the tripod head is fixed on the triangular support.
The hand pump is operated manually to expand the hydraulic loading bag so as to apply the load required by the test to the slope model.
The hydraulic loading bag is made of flexible material, and is filled with low-density liquid, generally low-density hydraulic oil, and the density of the hydraulic loading bag is 0.85g/cm3(ii) a The screw jack and the hydraulic loading bag apply load to the side slope model through the bearing plate.
The CT scanning system uses a high-energy X-ray CT technology of a DR system conversion screen and an area array detector.
The test model box, the upper part of the rotary table, the connecting piece, the lower part of the rotary table and the center of the rotary table base are positioned on the same plumb line, the upper part of the rotary table, the connecting piece, the lower part of the rotary table and the surface of the rotary table base are mutually parallel, and no inclination is generated in the test process; the test model box is made of high-strength low-density transparent aircraft glass material; the rotation of the rotary table is driven by a high-precision worm gear and a built-in alternating current servo motor; the rotary table rotates 360 degrees, and three-dimensional imaging of the slope model is achieved.
The method for applying the system comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing materials required by a test, preparing a side slope model according to a designed material ratio, uniformly distributing the soil-rock mixture blocks and stones through a stirrer, and determining the size and basic parameters of the side slope model according to test requirements;
s2: the model bedrock is formed by adopting pure clay layering dynamic compaction, a matrix rock stratum is simulated, a base is compacted by utilizing precast concrete blocks, when the model is manufactured, the design dimension line of the model is drawn by a marker pen at the side edge of a model box, then a certain amount of stirred similar materials are poured into the model box, and in the inclined manufacturing process, a supporting template is arranged on the slope surface, so that the side slope reaches the designated slope angle;
s3: after the side slope is formed, the side slope is solidified for a period of time, in the process of solidification, the contact part of the slope body and the air is sealed by a plastic film for moisture preservation, after the side slope model is solidified, the model box is fixed at the center of the upper part of the rotary table, and meanwhile, the good connection between the model box and the rotary table is ensured;
s4: closing a main power supply of a power distribution cabinet, turning on a power supply indicator light to indicate that the main power supply works normally, sequentially closing power supplies of all subsystems, electrifying all the subsystems, starting an X-ray transmitter and preheating, outputting beams by the X-ray transmitter, receiving signals by an area array detector, and simultaneously opening a switch of a high-speed camera;
s5: according to engineering experience and field investigation conditions, operating a hand pump and a spiral jack to apply load to the slope model so as to enable the slope to be close to a real initial stress state;
s6: the rotary table drives the model box to rotate and simultaneously carries out CT scanning, a CT image in the side slope in the sliding process is obtained in real time, three-dimensional reconstruction is carried out on the side slope, loads are applied step by step until the side slope is not stable in sliding, the X-ray emitter stops emitting beams, all systems stop working, the radioactive source of the CT machine is closed, the side slope model is dismantled, and the test is finished;
s7: the above-mentioned S1-S6 are the CT scan test of slope model slip instability, change the space distribution, gradation and stone content of the earth-rock mixture model lump stone, repeat S1-S6, carry on the multiunit test;
s8: after all detection tasks are completed, after the X-ray transmitter dissipates heat, the power supply of the X-ray transmitter is turned off, switches of other subsystems except the computer are turned off, three-dimensional reconstruction, damage evolution description and damage variable analysis are carried out on the side slope by means of industrial computer tomography data processing software, and visualization and digital representation of the whole process of the side slope instability of the earth dump are achieved.
The utility model discloses an above-mentioned technical scheme's beneficial effect as follows:
(1) the utility model has the advantages that the simulation material source is the waste dump side slope of the soil-rock mixture, the landslide and the side slope slip failure mode of the waste dump are greatly different from those of the homogeneous rock-soil mass, and the side slope slip instability mechanism is more complex;
(2) the method comprises the steps of acquiring a high-energy X-ray industrial CT (computed tomography) image of the interior of a side slope in a dynamic disturbance process in real time by using an area-array-detector-based high-energy X-ray industrial CT technology, acquiring a multi-scale physical process and a mechanical behavior of soil-stone interaction and mutual feedback disaster causing in the interior of the side slope, and finally realizing visualization and digital representation of the whole process of dynamic instability of the side slope by means of industrial software processing; the high-speed camera continuously shoots without time interruption and records the change condition of the surface of the slope in real time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a test system for simulating the visual destruction process of a slope of an open pit refuse dump according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the test system for simulating the visual destruction process of the side slope of the strip mine dumping site of the utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the model loading system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the model loading system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an industrial CT assembly structure of the present invention;
fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the image acquisition system of the present invention.
Wherein: the method comprises the following steps of 1-a vertical frame, 2-an area array detector, 3-an X-ray emitter, 4-an X-ray emitting hole, 5-a turntable upper part, 6-a turntable lower part, 7-a connecting piece, 8-a turntable base, 9-a transmission rail groove, 10-a positioning hole, 11-an iron pad, 12-a mold box frame, 13-a toughened glass baffle, 14-a slope mold, 15-a bearing plate, 16-a reaction frame, 17-a screw jack, 18-a dial indicator, 19-a hand pump, 20-a hand pump rod, 21-a screw, 22-a connecting pipe, 23-a hydraulic loading bag, 24-a high-speed camera, 25-a triangular support and 26-a tripod head.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The utility model provides a visual destruction process's of simulation strip mine refuse dump side slope test system.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the system comprises a CT scanning system, a model loading system and an image acquisition system, as shown in fig. 5, the CT scanning system comprises a vertical frame 1, an area array detector 2, an X-ray emitter 3, an X-ray emitting hole 4, a turntable upper part 5, a turntable lower part 6, a connecting piece 7, a turntable base 8, a transmission rail slot 9, a positioning hole 10 and an iron pad 11, as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, the model loading system comprises a model box frame 12, a toughened glass baffle 13, a slope model 14, a pressure bearing plate 15, a reaction frame 16, a screw jack 17, a dial indicator 18, a hand pump 19, a hand pump rod 20, a screw 21, a connecting pipe 22 and a hydraulic loading bag 23, as shown in fig. 6, the image acquisition system comprises a high-speed camera 24, a triangular bracket 25 and a pan-tilt 26, the two vertical frames 1 are symmetrically fixed on the iron pad 11, the two transmission rail slots 9 are respectively assembled on the two vertical frames 1, the X-ray emitter 3 and the area array detector 2 are respectively tightly connected with the transmission rail grooves 9 on two sides, the X-ray emitting hole 4 is positioned at the central position of the X-ray emitter 3, the rotary table consists of four parts, namely a rotary table upper part 5, a rotary table lower part 6, a connecting piece 7 and a rotary table base 8, the rotary table upper part 5 is connected with the rotary table lower part 6 through the connecting piece 7, the rotary table lower part 6 is arranged on the rotary table base 8, the rotary table base 8 is fixed on an iron pad 11 and is used for bearing the main structure of the rotary table, positioning holes 10 are arranged on the vertical frame 1 at equal intervals and are used for installing and adjusting the positions of the area array detector 2 and the X-ray emitter 3, a model case frame 12, a toughened glass baffle 13 and a slope model 14 jointly form a test model case, the slope model 14 is arranged in the test model case, the toughened, the pressure bearing plate 15 is arranged at the top of the slope model 14, the reaction frame 16 is fixed above the model box frame 12 through screws 21, viewed from the spatial position, the hand pump 19 and the screw jack 17 are respectively positioned above and below the reaction frame 16, the left side and the right side of the reaction frame 16 are respectively provided with a dial indicator 18, the dial indicators 18 pass through the reserved holes to be in direct contact with the pressure bearing plate 15, the front and the back of the hydraulic loading bag 23 are respectively tightly attached to the pressure bearing plate 15 and the wall of the test model box, the hand pump 19 is connected with the hydraulic loading bag 23 through a connecting pipe 22, the hand pump 19 is provided with a hand pump rod 20, the high-speed camera 24 is arranged on a tripod head 26, and the tripod head 26 is fixed on a triangular.
After the experiment begins, according to engineering experience and field investigation conditions, the hand pump and the screw jack are operated to apply load to the slope model, so that the slope is close to an initial stress state. And electrifying and preheating the CT scanning system and the image acquisition system to achieve a working state. The model loading system is placed on top of the turntable. After all the side slope models are ready, the rotary table starts to rotate, meanwhile, CT scanning is carried out on the side slope models, the X-ray emitter emits rays through the X-ray emitting holes, the X-rays penetrate through the side slope models, part of the rays are absorbed by the side slope models, and the penetrated rays are received by the area array detector, so that three-dimensional CT scanning of the side slope models is achieved. And (4) gradually applying the load until the slope slides and is unstable. After scanning is finished, by extracting, identifying and analyzing CT numbers, crack distribution, porosity evolution, block stone movement, CT damage and strain localization characteristics of a two-dimensional CT slice and a three-dimensional reconstruction image region of interest (ROI), microscopic physical quantities in a deformation and damage process are quantitatively described, and an internal mechanism of slope slippage instability of a refuse dump is revealed. The soil-rock mixture side slope models with different spatial distribution, gradation and rock content are tested in sequence, the influence of the block-rock structure on slope crack derivation of the refuse dump and landslide surface morphology is revealed, and the multi-scale physical process and mechanical behavior of soil-rock interaction and mutual feeding disaster are explained. And (3) continuously taking pictures by a high-speed camera without time interruption while CT scanning, wherein 10 thousands of pictures can be taken every second, and the change condition of the surface of the slope is recorded in real time.
The model box is made of high-strength low-density transparent aircraft glass material, the aircraft glass has excellent optical performance, thermoplastic and processing performance and ageing resistance, and has the characteristics of small specific gravity, high mechanical strength, outstanding compression and tensile properties and the like.
The rotation of the rotary table is driven by a high-precision worm gear and a built-in alternating current servo motor, so that the rotation speed and precision are ensured. The rotary table can rotate 360 degrees, and three-dimensional imaging of the slope model is achieved.
The CT scanning system uses a high-energy X-ray CT technology of a DR system conversion screen and an area array detector. The projection acquisition system adopts a structure of a scintillation crystal screen (conversion screen) + an area array detector by adopting cone beam rays, the conversion screen converts transmission X rays into visible light, the visible light is coupled to the area array CCD detector by a lens, a two-dimensional projection image of the whole slope model can be obtained by one-time scanning, and the CT scanning system based on the area array detector can improve the scanning speed and the ray utilization rate.
Laboratory artifacts can affect the stable operation of high speed cameras. In order to ensure the image quality, the cradle head can effectively avoid the image blurring phenomenon caused by the shake of a camera in the shooting process, so that the change process of the slope surface is more clearly shown.
The test model box, the upper part of the rotary table, the connecting piece, the lower part of the rotary table and the center of the rotary table base are positioned on the same plumb line, the upper part of the rotary table, the connecting piece, the lower part of the rotary table and the surface of the rotary table base are mutually parallel, and no inclination is generated in the test process.
The hydraulic loading bag is made of flexible materials, so that flexible loading of the model slope body load is achieved, when the model slope is deformed in a destabilizing mode, the hydraulic loading bag can deform correspondingly in real time, the constant and unchanged load value applied to the model slope is ensured, and the real destabilizing sliding state is simulated more effectively.
The screw jack and the hydraulic loading bag apply loads to the side slope model through the bearing plate, so that the loads are uniformly applied to the side slope, stress concentration is avoided, and boundary conditions and stress states in the sliding damage process are simulated more accurately.
The hand pump is connected with the hydraulic loading bag through a connecting pipe. The low-density liquid is filled in the hydraulic loading bag, and the energy attenuation of CT scanning rays is hardly influenced. Meanwhile, the hydraulic loading bag is in gapless contact with the bearing plate, and acting force is transmitted uniformly.
The screw jack applies load through the movement of the screw rod, and stress application is more stable.
The displacement of the slope surface is used as an embodiment of the internal microscopic change in the slope instability process. Through the setting of the dial indicators on the two sides of the reaction frame, the displacement change of the slope earth surface can be monitored in real time.
The method for applying the system comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing similar materials required by the test, configuring the materials according to the similar ratio designed according to the similar relation, and weighing the similar materials by using an electronic scale. All the materials are mixed and then are evenly stirred by manpower, and then the mixed materials are poured into a stirrer to be stirred by adding water with a certain proportion, so that the earth-rock mixed body blocks and stones are evenly distributed.
S2: the height of the model side slope is 0.6m, the length is 0.6m, the width is 0.12m, the layer inclination angle is 45 degrees, the slope angle of the side slope is 50 degrees, the stone content is 40 percent, and the inclination angle of the base overlying strata layer is 10 degrees. (specifically, the basic parameters of the slope model are set according to the field survey results and the prior person summary results).
S3: the model bedrock is formed by layering and dynamic compaction of pure clay to simulate a matrix rock stratum. And tamping the base by utilizing the precast concrete blocks.
S4: when the model is manufactured, firstly, the design dimension line of the model is drawn by a marker pen at the side edge of the model box, then a certain amount of stirred similar materials are poured into the model box, and the model box is compacted by adopting a wood hammer compaction method. The thickness of the soil layer compacted each time is not more than 5 cm. In the compaction process, the left, the middle and the right of the cushion block are respectively impacted for three times in a reciprocating way, the cushion block is moved forward by 2/3 width to complete compaction operation of a working surface, the reciprocating times of the cushion block along the inclination direction of the slope body are increased, and the uniformity in the horizontal direction is increased to a certain extent. In the process of manufacturing the slope, in order to form the slope surface of the slope, a supporting template is arranged on the slope surface, so that the side slope reaches a specified slope angle.
S5: after the slope is formed, the slope needs to be consolidated for a period of time and then tested. In the process of solidification, the contact part of the slope body and the air is sealed by a plastic film for moisture preservation treatment.
S6: and after the slope model is solidified, fixing the model box at the center of the upper part of the rotary table, and simultaneously checking that the model box is well connected with the rotary table.
S7: and closing the main power supply of the power distribution cabinet, and lighting a power supply indicator lamp to indicate that the main power supply works normally. And sequentially closing the power supply of each subsystem, and electrifying each subsystem.
S8: starting the X-ray machine, selecting a preheating mode according to the time length of the last shutdown and the present, and preheating. After the preheating is finished, the X-ray machine emits beams, and the area array detector receives signals. Scanning and establishing an initial internal structure model of the side slope in an initial stage, and observing the distribution condition of the rock blocks; and simultaneously, opening a high-speed camera switch and recording the macroscopic form of the front slope of the test.
S9: and according to engineering experience and field investigation conditions, operating the hand pump and the spiral jack to apply load to the slope model so as to enable the slope to be close to a real initial stress state.
S10: the rotary table drives the model box to rotate. And meanwhile, CT scanning is carried out, data are fed back to a computer, a CT image in the side slope in the sliding process is obtained in real time, and the side slope is subjected to three-dimensional reconstruction.
S11: and (4) gradually applying the load until the slope slides and is unstable. And the X-ray machine stops emitting beams, and each system stops working. And closing the radioactive source of the CT machine, dismantling the slope model and ending the test.
S12: the above-mentioned S1-S11 are a slope model slide instability CT scan test, change the space distribution, gradation and stone content of the rock and soil mixture model rock and repeat S1-S12, carry out multiple groups of tests, analyze the influence of rock and soil content and structural factor parameters on the slope instability of the earth dump.
S13: and after all detection tasks are finished and the X-ray machine is waited to dissipate heat, the power supply of the X-ray machine is turned off, and switches of other subsystems except the computer are turned off.
S14: by means of industrial computer tomography data processing software, three-dimensional reconstruction, damage evolution description and damage variable analysis are carried out on the side slope, a side slope slip instability process under the conditions of different stone content, different structural factor parameters and the like is obtained, multi-scale physical processes and mechanical behaviors of soil and stone interaction and mutual feedback disaster causing inside the side slope are revealed, and visualization and digital representation of the whole process of the side slope instability of the waste dump are achieved.
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of improvements and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a visual destruction process's of simulation strip mine refuse dump side slope test system which characterized in that: the device comprises a CT scanning system, a model loading system and an image acquisition system, wherein the CT scanning system comprises a vertical rack (1), an area array detector (2), an X-ray transmitter (3), an X-ray transmitting hole (4), a rotary table upper part (5), a rotary table lower part (6), a connecting piece (7), a rotary table base (8), a transmission rail groove (9), a positioning hole (10) and an iron pad (11), the model loading system comprises a model box frame (12), a toughened glass baffle plate (13), a side slope model (14), a pressure bearing plate (15), a reaction frame (16), a screw jack (17), a dial indicator (18), a hand pump (19), a hand pump rod (20), a screw (21), a connecting pipe (22) and a hydraulic loading bag (23), the image acquisition system comprises a high-speed camera (24), a triangular bracket (25) and a tripod head (26), the two vertical racks (1) are symmetrically fixed on the iron pad (11), the two transmission track grooves (9) are respectively assembled on two vertical frames (1) along the vertical direction, an X-ray emitter (3) and an area array detector (2) are respectively connected with the transmission track grooves (9) on the two sides, an X-ray emitting hole (4) is positioned at the central position of the X-ray emitter (3), a rotary table is arranged on an iron pad (11) in the middle of the two vertical frames (1), the rotary table is composed of four parts, namely a rotary table upper part (5), a rotary table lower part (6), a connecting piece (7) and a rotary table base (8), the rotary table upper part (5) and the rotary table lower part (6) are connected together through the connecting piece (7), the rotary table lower part (6) is arranged on the rotary table base (8), the rotary table base (8) is fixed on the iron pad (11) and used for bearing a rotary table main body structure, positioning holes (10) are vertically arranged on the frames (1) at equal intervals along the vertical direction and are used for installing and adjusting the positions of, the model box frame (12), the toughened glass baffle plate (13) and the side slope model (14) jointly form a test model box, the side slope model (14) is arranged in the test model box, the toughened glass baffle plate (13) is arranged around the model box frame (12), the test model box is arranged above the rotary table, the bearing plate (15) is arranged at the top of the side slope model (14), the reaction frame (16) is fixed above the model box frame (12) through screws (21), the hand pump (19) and the screw jack (17) are respectively positioned above and below the reaction frame (16), the dial indicators (18) are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the reaction frame (16), the dial indicators (18) pass through the reserved hole and are in direct contact with the bearing plate (15), the front side and the rear side of the hydraulic loading bag (23) are respectively in close fit with the bearing plate (15) and the wall of the test model box, the hand pump (19) is connected with the hydraulic loading bag (23) through, a hand pump rod (20) is arranged on the hand pump (19), the high-speed camera (24) is arranged on a tripod head (26), and the tripod head (26) is fixed on a triangular support (25).
2. The test system for simulating the visual damage process of the strip mine refuse dump slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hand pump (19) is manually operated to expand the hydraulic loading bag (23) so as to apply the load required by the test to the slope model (14).
3. The test system for simulating the visual damage process of the strip mine refuse dump slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydraulic loading bag (23) is made of flexible materials, low-density hydraulic oil is filled in the hydraulic loading bag (23), and the density is 0.85g/cm3(ii) a The screw jack (17) and the hydraulic loading bag (23) apply load to the side slope model (14) through the bearing plate (15).
4. The test system for simulating the visual damage process of the strip mine refuse dump slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the CT scanning system uses a high-energy X-ray CT technology of a DR system conversion screen and an area array detector (2).
5. The test system for simulating the visual damage process of the strip mine refuse dump slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the centers of the test model box, the upper part (5) of the rotary table, the connecting piece (7), the lower part (6) of the rotary table and the base (8) of the rotary table are positioned on the same plumb line, the surfaces of the upper part (5) of the rotary table, the connecting piece (7), the lower part (6) of the rotary table and the base (8) of the rotary table are parallel to each other, and no inclination is generated in the test process; the test model box is made of transparent aviation glass material; the rotation of the rotary table is driven by a high-precision worm gear and a built-in alternating current servo motor; the rotary table rotates for 360 degrees, and three-dimensional imaging of the side slope model (14) is achieved.
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| CN112098631B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2024-09-27 | 北京科技大学 | Test system and method for simulating visual damage process of side slope of strip mine dumping site |
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