CN213416588U - Denitrification filter tank with anthracite and quartz sand double-layer filter material - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a denitrification filter tank with anthracite and quartz sand double-layer filter materials, which comprises a filter tank main body, a sewage tank, a clean water tank, a wastewater tank and a back washing system; the sewage tank is communicated with the filter tank main body through a water inlet pipe; the bottom of the filter body is connected with the top of the clean water tank through a water outlet pipeline; the back washing system is positioned below the filter tank main body; the back washing system is communicated with the bottom of the clean water tank; the filter tank main body is communicated with the wastewater tank; the filter chamber main body is internally provided with a uniform distribution plate, a filter material layer, a bearing layer, a filter plate and a water collecting area from top to bottom in sequence; the uniform distribution plate is positioned below the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe. The denitrification filter tank of the double-layer filter material of anthracite and quartz sand has fast filtering speed and is suitable for treating sewage with high suspended matter concentration.

Description

Denitrification filter tank with anthracite and quartz sand double-layer filter material

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the sewage purification field especially relates to a denitrogenation filtering pond of anthracite and double-deck filter material of quartz sand.

Background

The traditional denitrification deep bed filter tank usually adopts a single-layer homogeneous quartz sand filter material, and has the defects of slow filtering speed, low efficiency, poor effect and the like under the condition of sewage treatment with overhigh concentration (more than 50mg/L) of the suspended matters in the inlet water. The double-layer filter material rapid filter is a filter which is widely applied in the technical field of sewage purification filters, and the composition of the double-layer filter material is generally as follows: the upper layer adopts filter materials with small density and large grain diameter, and the lower layer adopts filter materials with large density and small grain diameter. Because the density difference exists among the filter materials at different layers, the light filter materials are distributed at the upper layer and the heavy filter materials are distributed at the lower layer under the action of hydraulic screening under certain backwashing strength, so that the double-layer filter material filtering device is formed. The anthracite filter material has better solid particle holding capacity and can reliably improve the suspended particle removing capacity. In addition, the anthracite filter material has a low uniformity coefficient, which is beneficial to accelerating the flow velocity. Therefore, the anthracite filter material is often used for the process improvement of the sewage purification filter.

In summary, it is necessary to design a denitrification filter with anthracite and quartz sand double-layer filter material which has fast filtering speed and is suitable for sewage with high suspended matter concentration by combining the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the utility model aims at providing a denitrogenation filtering pond of anthracite and double-deck filter material of quartz sand, considers denitrogenation and suspended solid to hold back in step, is applicable to the sewage treatment condition that the suspended solid concentration of intaking is too high (> 50mg/L), also can be used to the raw water not through the condition of precipitation technology direct filtration.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is realized like this:

a denitrification filter tank with anthracite and quartz sand double-layer filter materials comprises a filter tank main body, a sewage tank, a clean water tank, a wastewater tank and a back washing system; the sewage tank is communicated with the filter tank main body through a water inlet pipe; the bottom of the filter body is connected with the top of the clean water tank through a water outlet pipeline; the back washing system is positioned below the filter tank main body; the back washing system is communicated with the bottom of the clean water tank; the filter tank main body is communicated with the wastewater tank; the filter chamber main body is internally provided with a uniform distribution plate, a filter material layer, a bearing layer, a filter plate and a water collecting area from top to bottom in sequence; the uniform distribution plate is positioned below the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe.

Further, a carbon source adding system is fixedly installed at the top of the filter tank main body; the top of the carbon source adding system is communicated with the clean water tank through a return pipeline; a second water pump is arranged in the clean water tank; the water outlet end of the second water pump is fixedly connected with the water inlet end of the backflow pipeline; the bottom of the carbon source adding system is communicated with the top of the sewage tank through a carbon source adding pipeline.

Furthermore, the shape of the uniform distribution plate is conical, and a plurality of uniform distribution holes are uniformly distributed on the uniform distribution plate.

Furthermore, the upper layer of the filter material layer is an anthracite filter material layer, and the lower layer of the filter material layer is a quartz sand filter material layer; the anthracite filter material layer is filled with anthracite particles with the particle size of 6-8 mm; the thickness of the anthracite filter material layer is less than 1/2 of the thickness of the quartz sand filter material layer; the quartz sand filter material layer is filled with natural quartz sand with the particle size of 2-4 mm; the thickness of the quartz sand filter material layer is more than 1.5 m.

Furthermore, the back-washing system comprises a back-washing water inlet pipeline and a back-washing air inlet pipeline; the bottom of the clean water tank is communicated with the water collecting area through the back washing water inlet pipeline; a first water pump is arranged on the backwashing water inlet pipeline; and one end of the backwashing air inlet pipeline is provided with a fan, and the other end of the backwashing air inlet pipeline is communicated with the water collecting area.

Furthermore, a first backwashing drainage pipeline is arranged at the interface of the anthracite filter material layer and the quartz sand filter material layer; a second backwashing drainage pipeline is arranged in the area between the uniform distribution plate and the anthracite filter material layer; the lower ends of the first backwashing drainage pipeline and the second backwashing drainage pipeline are communicated with the wastewater tank.

Further, the top of the filter tank main body is communicated with a gas buffer tank; through holes communicated with the filter tank main body are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the gas buffer tank; the top of the gas buffer box is provided with an exhaust port.

Further, a first electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water outlet pipeline; a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the backwashing water inlet pipeline; a third electromagnetic valve is arranged on the backwashing air inlet pipeline; a fourth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the first backwashing drainage pipeline; a fifth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the second backwashing drainage pipeline; a sixth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the carbon source adding pipeline; and a seventh electromagnetic valve is arranged on the return pipeline.

Compared with the prior art, the denitrification filter of the double-layer filter material of anthracite and quartz sand has the following advantages:

(1) the utility model adopts double-layer filter materials, the anthracite filter material is adopted on the upper layer of the filter material layer, the quartz sand filter material is adopted on the lower layer of the filter material layer, the sewage flows through the anthracite filter material layer to generate physical adsorption and biological denitrification processes, the anthracite filter material carries out physical adsorption on suspended particles, and microorganisms attached to the anthracite filter material layer are used for reducing dissolved oxygen in the sewage, thereby creating favorable conditions for denitrification of the quartz sand filter material layer; denitrifying bacteria in the anthracite filter material layer complete a part of denitrification process, and the denitrifying bacteria can reduce a part of nitrate nitrogen in the water into nitrogen and discharge the nitrogen out of the filter; in addition, the anthracite filter material has low uniformity coefficient, which is beneficial to accelerating the flow velocity of water;

(2) the utility model adopts the anthracite filter material with smaller density and larger grain diameter on the upper layer of the filter material layer, and adopts the quartz sand filter material with larger density and smaller grain diameter on the lower layer of the filter material layer, because of the density difference of the two filter materials, under certain backwashing strength, the light filter material is still on the upper layer after backwashing, the heavy filter material is positioned on the lower layer, the grain diameter of each filter material is still increased from top to bottom, but the average grain diameter of the upper layer is always larger than the average grain diameter of the lower layer in terms of the whole filter material layer, thus the integral uniformity of the filter material layer in the backwashing process can be ensured; the filtering depth is deepened, the thickness of the quartz sand filtering material layer is ensured to exceed 1.5m, and the phenomenon of fluid channeling or hydraulic penetration of the filtering material layer can be avoided;

(3) the utility model is provided with a return pipeline between the carbon source adding system and the clean water tank, and the return pipeline can lead the water in the clean water tank to the carbon source adding system to dissolve the carbon source substances therein;

(4) the utility model discloses be provided with toper equipartition board, a plurality of equipartition holes have been seted up to the equipartition on the equipartition board, help the even intaking of sewage, help improving the efficiency of filter bed department biochemical reaction.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without undue limitation. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a denitrification filter tank with double-layer filter material of anthracite and quartz sand.

Description of reference numerals:

1-a filter body; 2-a sewage tank; 3-a clean water tank; 4-a wastewater tank; 5-a backwashing system; 6-a gas buffer tank; 7-carbon source adding system; 8-water inlet pipe; 9-uniformly distributing plates; 91-uniformly distributing holes; 10-anthracite filter bed; 11-quartz sand filter material layer; 12-a support layer; 13-filter plate; 14-a water collecting area; 15-water outlet pipe; 151-first solenoid valve; 16-backwashing the water inlet pipeline; 161-a second solenoid valve; 17-backwashing the gas inlet pipeline; 171-a third solenoid valve; 18-a first backwash drain line; 181-fourth solenoid valve; 19-a second backwash drain line; 191-a fifth electromagnetic valve; 20-carbon source feeding pipeline; 201-a sixth solenoid valve; 21-a return line; 211-seventh solenoid valve; 22-a fan; 23-a first water pump; 24-second water pump.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, a denitrification filter with anthracite and quartz sand double-layer filter material comprises a filter body 1, a sewage tank 2, a clean water tank 3, a wastewater tank 4 and a back washing system 5; the sewage tank 2 is communicated with the filter tank main body 1 through a water inlet pipe 8; the bottom of the filter body 1 is connected with the top of the clean water tank 3 through a water outlet pipeline 15; the back washing system 5 is positioned below the filter tank main body 1; the back washing system 5 is communicated with the bottom of the clean water tank 3; the filter body 1 is communicated with the wastewater tank 4; the filter body 1 is internally provided with a uniform distribution plate 9, a filter material layer, a bearing layer 12, a filter plate 13 and a water collecting area 14 from top to bottom in sequence; the uniform distribution plate 9 is positioned below the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe 8;

a carbon source adding system 7 is fixedly arranged at the top of the filter tank main body 1; the top of the carbon source adding system 7 is communicated with the clean water tank 3 through a return pipeline 21; the return pipeline 21 can guide the water in the clean water tank 3 to the carbon source adding system 7 to dissolve carbon source substances in the water; a second water pump 24 is arranged in the clean water tank 3; the water outlet end of the second water pump 24 is fixedly connected with the water inlet end of the return pipeline 21; the bottom of the carbon source adding system 7 is communicated with the top of the sewage tank 2 through a carbon source adding pipeline 20;

the uniform distribution plate 9 is conical, and a plurality of uniform distribution holes 91 are uniformly distributed on the uniform distribution plate 9, so that uniform water inlet of sewage is facilitated, and the efficiency of biochemical reaction at the filter material layer is improved;

the upper layer of the filter material layer is an anthracite filter material layer 10, and the lower layer of the filter material layer is a quartz sand filter material layer 11; the anthracite filter bed 10 is filled with anthracite particles with the particle size of 6-8 mm; the thickness of the anthracite filter material layer 10 is smaller than 1/2 of the thickness of the quartz sand filter material layer 11; the quartz sand filter material layer 11 is filled with natural quartz sand with the particle size of 2-4 mm; the thickness of the quartz sand filter material layer 11 is more than 1.5 m;

the backwashing system 5 comprises a backwashing water inlet pipeline 16 and a backwashing air inlet pipeline 17; the bottom of the clean water tank 3 is communicated with the water collecting area 14 through a back flush water inlet pipeline 16; a first water pump 23 is arranged on the backwashing water inlet pipeline 16; a fan 22 is arranged at one end of the backwashing air inlet pipeline 17, and the other end of the backwashing air inlet pipeline 17 is communicated with the water collecting area 14;

a first backwashing water discharge pipeline 18 is arranged at the interface of the anthracite filter material layer 10 and the quartz sand filter material layer 11; a second backwashing drainage pipeline 19 is arranged in the area between the uniform distribution plate 9 and the anthracite filter bed 10; the lower ends of the first backwashing water discharge pipeline 18 and the second backwashing water discharge pipeline 19 are communicated with the wastewater tank 4;

the top of the filter tank main body 1 is communicated with a gas buffer tank 6; through holes communicated with the filter chamber main body 1 are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the gas buffer tank 6; the top of the gas buffer box 6 is provided with an exhaust port;

the water outlet pipeline 15 is provided with a first electromagnetic valve 151; the backwashing water inlet pipeline 16 is provided with a second electromagnetic valve 161; a third electromagnetic valve 171 is arranged on the back washing air inlet pipeline 17; a fourth electromagnetic valve 181 is arranged on the first backwashing water discharge pipeline 18; a fifth electromagnetic valve 191 is arranged on the second backwashing water discharge pipeline 19; a sixth electromagnetic valve 201 is arranged on the carbon source adding pipeline 20; a seventh solenoid valve 211 is provided in the return line 21.

The utility model discloses a theory of operation:

the sewage in the sewage tank 2 firstly reaches the uniform distribution plate 9 through the water inlet pipe 8 and then is uniformly scattered to the filter material layer through the uniform distribution holes 91 on the uniform distribution plate 9; when sewage flows through the anthracite filter material layer 10, physical adsorption and biological denitrification processes occur simultaneously, the anthracite filter material carries out physical adsorption on suspended particles, microorganisms attached to the anthracite filter material layer 10 are used for reducing dissolved oxygen in the sewage, and favorable conditions are created for denitrification of the quartz sand filter material layer 11; denitrifying bacteria in the anthracite filter bed 10 complete a part of denitrification process, and the denitrifying bacteria can reduce a part of nitrate nitrogen in the water into nitrogen; then the sewage flows through a quartz sand filter material layer 11, the quartz sand filter material layer 11 has an interception effect on suspended particles, and biological denitrification is carried out, namely denitrifying bacteria reduce nitrate nitrogen in the water into nitrogen; then the sewage enters a water collecting area 14 after passing through a supporting layer 12 and a filter plate 13; the water in the water collecting area 14 enters the clean water tank 3 through the water outlet pipeline 15;

after the filter tank works for a period of time, suspended matters intercepted by a filter material layer are gradually accumulated, the filter tank gradually loses an effective water head, and backwashing is needed; during back flushing, the anthracite filter material layer 10 and the quartz sand filter material layer 11 are separately back flushed, namely, the quartz sand filter material layer 11 is back flushed firstly, and then the anthracite filter material layer 10 is back flushed; the backwashing flow rate is controlled, so that suspended particles of different filter material layers can be completely washed away, and the microbial biomass in the filter material can be kept to a certain degree; in the back washing process, firstly, the fan 22 is started, the third electromagnetic valve 171 is opened, and the wind blown out by the fan 22 is blown to the water collecting area 14 through the back washing air inlet pipeline 17 and then continues to be blown upwards; when the second electromagnetic valve 161 is opened, the first water pump 23 guides the water in the clean water tank 3 to the backwashing water inlet pipeline 16, and the backwashing water with the water outlet pressure passes through the water collecting area 14, the filter plate 13 and the supporting layer 12 and is flushed upwards to the filter material layer; opening the fourth electromagnetic valve 181, and allowing the water for backwashing to enter the wastewater tank 4 along the first backwashing water discharge pipeline 18 at the interface of the anthracite filter material layer 10 and the quartz sand filter material layer 11; opening a fifth electromagnetic valve 191, and enabling water used for backwashing to enter the wastewater tank 4 along a second backwashing drainage pipeline 19 above the anthracite filter bed 10;

nitrogen generated in the denitrification process and wind blown out by the fan 22 can enter the gas buffer box 6, and gas after the air pressure is buffered can be discharged from an exhaust port at the top of the gas buffer box 6;

for sewage with low organic carbon content, if the organic carbon in the sewage is not enough to support the energy required by the denitrifying bacteria, the organic carbon needs to be additionally added into the sewage through a carbon source adding system 7 to supply energy to the denitrifying bacteria; the water in the clean water tank 3 is guided to the carbon source adding system 7 through the second water pump 24 to dissolve carbon source substances therein, a carbon source solution formed by dissolution enters the sewage tank 2 through the carbon source adding pipeline 20, and sewage after carbon source supplement enters the filter tank through the water inlet pipe 8.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a denitrogenation filtering pond of anthracite and double-deck filter material of quartz sand which characterized in that: comprises a filter chamber main body (1), a sewage tank (2), a clean water tank (3), a wastewater tank (4) and a backwashing system (5); the sewage tank (2) is communicated with the filter tank main body (1) through a water inlet pipe (8); the bottom of the filter body (1) is connected with the top of the clean water tank (3) through a water outlet pipeline (15); the back washing system (5) is positioned below the filter tank main body (1); the back washing system (5) is communicated with the bottom of the clean water tank (3); the filter tank main body (1) is communicated with the wastewater tank (4); the filter chamber main body (1) is internally provided with a uniform distribution plate (9), a filter material layer, a bearing layer (12), a filter plate (13) and a water collecting area (14) from top to bottom in sequence; the uniform distribution plate (9) is positioned below the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe (8).

2. The denitrification filter with double-layer filter material of anthracite and quartz sand as set forth in claim 1, which is characterized in that: a carbon source adding system (7) is fixedly arranged at the top of the filter tank main body (1); the top of the carbon source adding system (7) is communicated with the clean water tank (3) through a return pipeline (21); a second water pump (24) is arranged in the clean water tank (3); the water outlet end of the second water pump (24) is fixedly connected with the water inlet end of the return pipeline (21); the bottom of the carbon source adding system (7) is communicated with the top of the sewage tank (2) through a carbon source adding pipeline (20).

3. The denitrification filter with double-layer filter material of anthracite and quartz sand as set forth in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the uniform distribution plate (9) is conical, and a plurality of uniform distribution holes (91) are uniformly distributed on the uniform distribution plate (9).

4. The denitrification filter with double-layer filter material of anthracite and quartz sand as set forth in claim 2, which is characterized in that: the upper layer of the filter material layer is an anthracite filter material layer (10), and the lower layer of the filter material layer is a quartz sand filter material layer (11); the anthracite filter material layer (10) is filled with anthracite particles with the particle size of 6-8 mm; the thickness of the anthracite filter material layer (10) is less than 1/2 of the thickness of the quartz sand filter material layer (11); the quartz sand filter material layer (11) is filled with natural quartz sand with the particle size of 2-4 mm; the thickness of the quartz sand filter material layer (11) is more than 1.5 m.

5. The denitrification filter with double-layer filter material of anthracite and quartz sand as set forth in claim 4, which is characterized in that: the backwashing system (5) comprises a backwashing water inlet pipeline (16) and a backwashing air inlet pipeline (17); the bottom of the clean water tank (3) is communicated with the water collecting area (14) through the back washing water inlet pipeline (16); a first water pump (23) is arranged on the back washing water inlet pipeline (16); and a fan (22) is installed at one end of the backwashing air inlet pipeline (17), and the other end of the backwashing air inlet pipeline (17) is communicated with the water collecting area (14).

6. The denitrification filter with double-layer filter material of anthracite and quartz sand as set forth in claim 5, which is characterized in that: a first backwashing drainage pipeline (18) is arranged at the interface of the anthracite filter material layer (10) and the quartz sand filter material layer (11); a second backwashing drainage pipeline (19) is arranged in the area between the uniform distribution plate (9) and the anthracite filter bed (10); the lower ends of the first backwashing drainage pipeline (18) and the second backwashing drainage pipeline (19) are communicated with the wastewater tank (4).

7. The denitrification filter with double-layer filter material of anthracite and quartz sand as set forth in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the top of the filter tank main body (1) is communicated with a gas buffer tank (6); through holes communicated with the filter chamber main body (1) are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the gas buffer tank (6); the top of the gas buffer box (6) is provided with an exhaust port.

8. The denitrification filter with double-layer filter material of anthracite and quartz sand as set forth in claim 6, which is characterized in that: a first electromagnetic valve (151) is arranged on the water outlet pipeline (15); a second electromagnetic valve (161) is arranged on the backwashing water inlet pipeline (16); a third electromagnetic valve (171) is arranged on the back washing air inlet pipeline (17); a fourth electromagnetic valve (181) is arranged on the first backwashing water draining pipeline (18); a fifth electromagnetic valve (191) is arranged on the second backwashing water draining pipeline (19); a sixth electromagnetic valve (201) is arranged on the carbon source adding pipeline (20); and a seventh electromagnetic valve (211) is arranged on the return pipeline (21).

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