CN213398929U - Submarine sediment acoustic in-situ sampling and measuring system - Google Patents
Submarine sediment acoustic in-situ sampling and measuring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN213398929U CN213398929U CN202022880226.9U CN202022880226U CN213398929U CN 213398929 U CN213398929 U CN 213398929U CN 202022880226 U CN202022880226 U CN 202022880226U CN 213398929 U CN213398929 U CN 213398929U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a submarine sediment acoustics normal position sample measurement system. The system comprises: the device comprises a measuring device, a sampling device, a measurement control device and a supporting device; the supporting device is connected with the mother ship through a cable; the sampling device is arranged at the bottom of the supporting device and is used for acquiring a submarine sediment sample; the measuring device is arranged on the supporting device and used for carrying out acoustic measurement; the measurement control device is arranged on the supporting device and electrically connected with the measurement device, and the measurement control device is used for controlling the measurement device to perform acoustic measurement. Adopt the utility model discloses a submarine sediment acoustics normal position sample measurement system through setting up measuring device and sampling device, can realize submarine sediment acoustics characteristic normal position and measure and sample in step.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an ocean engineering investigation technical field especially relates to a submarine sediment acoustics normal position sample measurement system.
Background
The acoustic characteristic parameters of the sediment of the seabed are always important contents of research in the fields of underwater acoustic communication, submarines, mine detection, ocean engineering investigation and the like, and the current main research modes are seabed in-situ measurement and laboratory measurement after seabed sampling.
The existing research mode can not provide accurate acoustic characteristic parameters of the sediment on the surface of the seabed, and several newly developed acoustic in-situ measurement systems can only accurately measure the acoustic characteristic parameters of the sediment on the seabed and can not simultaneously obtain a sediment sample of the sediment on the seabed, and the sediment sample of the sediment on the seabed can only be obtained by sampling on the seabed, so that the acoustic parameters obtained by in-situ measurement and the sediment sample on the seabed can not be ensured to be the same sample. At present, no equipment can measure the acoustic parameters of the seabed surface sediment in situ and sample the sediment, so that the comparative analysis research between the acoustic property sampling and measuring data of the seabed sediment and the in-situ measuring data is prevented, the deep research on the correlation between the acoustic property of the seabed surface sediment and the physical property of the seabed surface sediment is severely limited, and in order to overcome the situation, the related seabed acoustic in-situ measuring and sampling equipment needs to be developed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a submarine sediment acoustics normal position sample measurement system can realize submarine sediment acoustics characteristic normal position and measure and sample in step.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following scheme:
an acoustic in-situ sampling and measuring system for seafloor sediments, comprising:
the device comprises a measuring device, a sampling device, a measurement control device and a supporting device;
the supporting device is connected with the mother ship through a cable;
the sampling device is arranged at the bottom of the supporting device and is used for acquiring a submarine sediment sample;
the measuring device is arranged on the supporting device and is used for carrying out acoustic measurement;
the measurement control device is arranged on the supporting device and electrically connected with the measurement device, and the measurement control device is used for controlling the measurement device to perform acoustic measurement.
Optionally, the system further includes:
an above-water master control system;
the water main control system is respectively connected with the measuring device and the measuring control device, and is used for sending out a control instruction and acquiring underwater measurement data.
Optionally, the measuring device specifically includes:
the device comprises an acoustic module, an acceleration measuring module and a distance measuring module;
the acoustic module, the acceleration measuring module and the distance measuring module are all connected with the measurement control device;
the acoustic module is used for measuring the acoustic characteristics of the seabed sediment;
the acceleration measurement module is used for identifying positive and negative changes of acceleration;
the distance measurement module is used for measuring the height from the sea bottom;
the measurement control device is used for controlling the acoustic module to measure the acoustic characteristics of the seabed sediments when the acceleration measurement module identifies that the acceleration is positive or negative; the measuring control device is also used for storing the height information from the seabed transmitted by the ranging module.
Alternatively to this, the first and second parts may,
the acoustic module specifically includes:
a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer;
the transmitting transducer is arranged on the supporting device, and the receiving transducer is arranged on the sampling device;
the acceleration measurement module specifically includes:
an accelerometer and an acceleration measurement circuit;
the acceleration measuring circuit is respectively connected with the accelerometer and the measurement control device; the acceleration measuring circuit is used for identifying positive and negative changes of acceleration.
Optionally, the measuring apparatus further includes:
an inclinometer;
the inclinometer is arranged on the supporting device and is connected with the measurement control device; the inclinometer is used for monitoring whether the sampling device is vertically inserted into the seabed sediment.
Optionally, the sampling device specifically includes:
the sampling device comprises an outer sampling pipe, an inner sampling pipe, a sampling liner pipe, a sampling head and a non-return elastic sheet;
the sampling inner pipe is sleeved on the sampling liner pipe, and the sampling outer pipe is sleeved on the sampling inner pipe;
the sampling head is arranged at the bottom of the sampling outer tube, and the top of the sampling outer tube is arranged at the bottom of the supporting device;
the non-return elastic sheet is arranged in the sampling head, sediment enters the sampling lining pipe through the sampling head, and the non-return elastic sheet is used for preventing the sediment entering the sampling lining pipe from falling off;
a plurality of blocking grooves are formed in the outer wall of the sampling outer tube, and the receiving transducer is arranged in the blocking grooves.
Optionally, the supporting device specifically includes:
the bearing support and the carrying base are arranged on the bearing support;
the bearing support is arranged on the carrying base, and the top of the bearing support is connected with the mother ship through a cable; the measuring device and the measuring control device are arranged on the upper surface of the carrying base, and the sampling device is arranged on the lower surface of the carrying base.
Optionally, the acoustic module further includes:
the first wave-absorbing silica gel and the second wave-absorbing silica gel;
the first wave absorption silica gel is connected with the transmitting transducer and used for preventing sound waves from being transmitted from the transmitting transducer to the receiving transducer along the sampling outer tube;
the second is inhaled ripples silica gel and is set up the separation groove with between the receiving transducer, the second is inhaled ripples silica gel and is used for making the receiving transducer only receives the sound wave that the transmitting transducer passed through the transmission of submarine sediment.
Optionally, the system further includes:
weighting the lead block;
the weighting lead block is arranged on the upper surface of the carrying base and used for enabling the depth of the sampling device inserted into the submarine sediments to reach the preset depth.
Optionally, the system further includes:
an underwater circuit sealed cabin;
the underwater circuit sealed cabin is arranged on the supporting device, and the measurement control device, the accelerometer, the acceleration measurement circuit and the inclinometer are all arranged in the underwater circuit sealed cabin.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
the utility model provides a submarine sediment acoustic in-situ sampling and measuring system, which comprises a measuring device, a sampling device, a measurement control device and a supporting device; the supporting device is connected with the mother ship through a cable; the sampling device is arranged at the bottom of the supporting device and is used for acquiring a submarine sediment sample; the measuring device is arranged on the supporting device and used for carrying out acoustic measurement; the measurement control device is arranged on the supporting device and electrically connected with the measurement device, and the measurement control device is used for controlling the measurement device to perform acoustic measurement. The utility model discloses a set up measuring device and sampling device, can realize seabed sediment deposit acoustic characteristic normal position and measure and sample in step.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an embodiment of the present invention illustrating an acoustic in-situ sampling and measuring system for seafloor sediments;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a sampling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system control in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the acoustic transmission path in the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-a sampling head; 2-sampling an outer tube; 3, carrying a base; 4-a ranging transducer; 5-weighting lead blocks; 6-a load-bearing support; 7-an armored cable; 8-underwater circuit sealed cabin; 9-an acceleration measurement module; 10-a measurement control device; 11-first wave absorbing silica gel; 12-a transmitting transducer; 13-sampling the inner tube; 14-a sampling liner; 15-a barrier groove; 16-a receiving transducer; 17-second wave-absorbing silica gel; 18-check spring plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The utility model aims at providing a submarine sediment acoustics normal position sample measurement system can realize submarine sediment acoustics characteristic normal position and measure and sample in step.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1-4, an acoustic in-situ sampling and measuring system for seafloor sediments includes: the device comprises a measuring device, a sampling device, a measurement control device 10, a supporting device and a water main control system. The supporting device is connected with the mother ship through a cable (armored cable 7); the sampling device is arranged at the bottom of the supporting device and is used for acquiring a submarine sediment sample; the measuring device is arranged on the supporting device and used for carrying out acoustic measurement; the measurement control device is arranged on the supporting device and electrically connected with the measurement device, and the measurement control device is used for controlling the measurement device to perform acoustic measurement; the water main control system is respectively connected with the measuring device and the measuring control device and is used for sending out a control instruction and acquiring underwater measuring data.
The strutting arrangement specifically includes: a bearing support 6 and a carrying base 3. The bearing support is arranged on the carrying base, and the top of the bearing support is connected with the mother ship through a cable; the measuring device and the measuring control device are both arranged on the upper surface of the carrying base, and the sampling device is arranged on the lower surface of the carrying base.
The measuring device specifically comprises: an acoustic module, an acceleration measurement module 9, a ranging module and an inclinometer (not shown in the figure). The acoustic module, the acceleration measuring module and the distance measuring module are all connected with the measurement control device; the acoustic module is used for measuring the acoustic characteristics of the seabed sediment; the acceleration measurement module is used for identifying positive and negative changes of acceleration; the ranging module is used for measuring the height from the sea bottom. The distance measuring module is a distance measuring transducer 4. The measurement control device is used for controlling the acoustic module to measure the acoustic characteristics of the seabed sediments when the acceleration measurement module identifies that the acceleration is positive or negative; the measuring control device is also used for storing the height information from the seabed transmitted by the ranging module. The inclinometer is arranged on the supporting device and connected with the measurement control device; the inclinometer is used for monitoring whether the sampling device is vertically inserted into the seabed sediment.
The acoustic module specifically includes: the device comprises a transmitting transducer 12, a receiving transducer 16, first wave-absorbing silica gel 11 and second wave-absorbing silica gel 17; the transmitting transducer is arranged on the supporting device, and the receiving transducer is arranged on the sampling device. The first wave absorption silica gel is connected with the transmitting transducer and used for preventing sound waves from being transmitted from the transmitting transducer to the receiving transducer along the sampling outer tube; the second wave-absorbing silica gel is arranged between the blocking groove and the receiving transducer, and the second wave-absorbing silica gel is used for enabling the receiving transducer to only receive the sound waves transmitted by the transmitting transducer through the seabed sediments.
The acceleration measurement module specifically includes: an accelerometer and an acceleration measurement circuit; the acceleration measuring circuit is respectively connected with the accelerometer and the measurement control device; the acceleration measuring circuit is used for identifying positive and negative changes of the acceleration.
Sampling device specifically includes: sampling outer tube 2, sampling inner tube 13, sampling liner 14, sampling head 1 and check shell piece 18. The sampling inner pipe is sleeved on the sampling liner pipe, and the sampling outer pipe is sleeved on the sampling inner pipe; the sampling head is arranged at the bottom of the sampling outer pipe, and the top of the sampling outer pipe is arranged at the bottom of the supporting device; the non-return elastic sheet is arranged in the sampling head, sediment enters the sampling lining pipe through the sampling head, and the non-return elastic sheet is used for preventing the sediment entering the sampling lining pipe from falling off; a plurality of blocking grooves 15 are formed in the outer wall of the sampling outer tube, and the receiving transducer is arranged in the blocking grooves.
The submarine sediment acoustics normal position sample measurement system still includes: a heavy lead block 5 and an underwater circuit sealed cabin 8. The weighting lead block is arranged on the upper surface of the carrying base and used for enabling the depth of the sampling device inserted into the seabed sediments to reach the preset depth. The underwater circuit sealed cabin is arranged on the supporting device, and the measurement control device, the accelerometer, the acceleration measurement circuit and the inclinometer are all arranged in the underwater circuit sealed cabin.
The water main control system comprises an industrial personal computer, a USB interface, a GPS positioning unit, a water data transmission interface and a power supply unit. The water main control system is arranged on a mother ship deck, and when the operations such as command setting, data exporting and the like are carried out on water, a data transmission interface of the water main control system is connected with a seabed data transmission interface of the seabed control system through a signal cable to send a control instruction to the seabed control system so as to obtain seabed measurement data; the USB interface of the water main control system and the water transmission interface are welded in the industrial personal computer, the power supply unit is connected with the industrial personal computer through a cable, and the GPS receiving antenna is connected with the GPS unit in the industrial personal computer through a signal cable.
The measurement control device comprises a submarine transmission interface, a digital signal processor, a TF card, a high-speed AD, a receiving amplification circuit, a transmitting control circuit and an FPGA control chip. The measuring control device comprises a circuit board, a seabed transmission interface, a digital signal processor, a TF card, a receiving transducer, a receiving amplifying circuit, a high-speed AD (analog-digital) circuit, an emitting transducer, an emitting control circuit, a lithium battery, a high-low voltage power supply, an FPGA control chip, an accelerometer, an acceleration measuring circuit and an acceleration measuring circuit, wherein all components of the measuring control device are welded on the circuit board, the seabed transmission interface is connected with the digital signal processor, the digital signal processor is connected with the FPGA control chip, the TF card is connected with the FPGA control chip, the receiving transducer is connected with the receiving amplifying circuit, the receiving amplifying circuit is connected with the FPGA control chip and the high-speed AD, the.
The utility model provides a pair of submarine sediment acoustics normal position sample measurement system for realize submarine sediment acoustics characteristic normal position and measure and sample in step. The underwater main control system is arranged on a mother ship deck, is connected with the measurement control device, the acoustic module and the acceleration measurement module through a signal cable USB interface, an above-water data transmission interface and a seabed data transmission interface, obtains data of the seabed control system (comprising an underwater circuit sealed cabin, the seabed data transmission interface, the measurement control device and the power supply module), and sends a control instruction to the seabed control system.
The sampling device and the seabed control system are connected with the mother ship through steel cables, the seabed data transmission interface, the measurement control device, the acceleration measurement module and the power supply module are all integrated in an underwater circuit sealed cabin, and the sensor system (a distance measuring transducer and an inclinometer) is carried on the sampling device.
Receiving transducer and second and inhaling ripples silica gel and link to each other, the second is inhaled ripples silica gel and is linked to each other with the sample outer tube, the sample outer tube with carry on the base and link to each other, processing has the separation groove on the sample outer tube, it links to each other with the bearing support to carry on the base, the bearing support links to each other with the armor cable, circuit sealed cabin links to each other with carrying on the base under water, the inclinometer, the accelerometer is in circuit sealed cabin under water, ranging transducer with carry on the base and link to each other, transmitting transducer links to each other with first ripples silica gel of inhaling, first ripples silica gel. The sample inner tube with carry on base, sample bushing pipe and link to each other, the sample bushing pipe with the sample inner tube, carry on the base and link to each other, the sample head links to each other with sample outer tube, sample inner tube, sample bushing pipe, the non return shell fragment is fixed in the sample head.
The power supply module is connected with the seabed control system through a cable to supply power to the seabed control system. The seabed transmission interface is connected with a measurement control device, and the measurement control device is connected with the acoustic module. The accelerometer is connected with an acceleration measuring circuit, and the acceleration measuring circuit is connected with a measurement control device.
The utility model provides a submarine sediment acoustics normal position sample measurement system can acquire submarine sediment sample, and the sediment sample length that sampling device can acquire is not less than 1.5 m. The acoustic velocity and acoustic attenuation coefficient of the sediment can be measured in situ while the sediment sample is acquired. The universal USB interface is provided, and the universal USB interface can conveniently use each upper computer to set instructions and exchange data with each upper computer. The system has the function of distance measurement from the bottom, and can measure the distance between the system and the sea bottom. The underwater circuit sealed cabin, the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer can bear the pressure of 3000m in water depth. The acoustic characteristic transmitting transducer is 1, the receiving transducer is 8, and the 8 receiving transducers are vertically arranged at a certain interval and are embedded into the outer wall of the sampling tube in an annular shape. The battery of the system supplies power for the underwater unit, the collected data is stored in the built-in memory of the system, and the actions of sampling, measuring and the like are automatically controlled by a set program. The number of the heavy lead blocks can be adjusted according to the requirement so as to adjust the total weight of the sampling and measuring system. The obtained sediment sample is stored in a sampling liner pipe, and the sampling liner pipe is externally provided with a sampling inner pipe which provides protection for the sampling liner pipe. The sampling head is fixed below the sampling liner tube, the non-return elastic piece is installed in the sampling head, and the non-return elastic piece enables a sediment sample to smoothly enter the sampling liner tube without falling off the sampling liner tube. The top mounts an inclinometer to monitor whether the system is inserted vertically into the seafloor substrate. And (3) starting the system at the moment of bottoming, and starting the acceleration measuring device at the moment of bottoming so that the sampling measuring system can start the acoustic characteristic measurement within 2s of bottoming of the system. A ranging transducer is mounted to monitor the depth of insertion of the in situ measurement system. A blocking groove is processed on the sampling outer tube of the system to prevent sound waves from propagating along the sampling outer tube. Set up first ripples silica gel of inhaling between transmitting transducer and the carrying base, set up the second and inhale ripples silica gel between receiving transducer and sample outer tube to prevent that the sound wave from propagating along the sample outer tube.
In order to improve the measurement accuracy, an average sound velocity measurement is used as the measurement sound velocity. Through the difference of the transmission time of the sound wave reaching different receivers and knowing the distance difference between the transmitting transducer and different receivers, the sound velocity is calculated as follows:
Vs＝dL/dt
in the formula: vsIs the speed of sound; dL is the receiver-to-receiver distance difference; dt is the difference in transmission time of different receivers.
During underwater operation, the sampling device is connected with the bearing support of the sampling device connected with the mother ship through a steel cable and is fixedly connected with the steel cable through a U-shaped ring; the carrying base 3 is connected with the bearing support 6 through welding.
The seabed control system is integrated in an underwater circuit sealed cabin 8 of the sampling device; the underwater circuit sealed cabin 8 is connected with the carrying base 3 of the sampling device through bolts; the seabed data transmission interface, the power supply module, the measurement control device 10 and the acceleration measurement module 9 are integrated in the underwater circuit sealed cabin 8; the seabed transmission interface is connected with the measurement control device 10 through a signal cable; the power supply module is sealed in the underwater circuit sealed cabin 8, is connected with the measurement control device through a cable and supplies power to the seabed control system; the acoustic module is connected with the measurement control device 10 through a signal cable; the sensor system is connected to the measurement and control device 10 via a signal cable.
The lithium battery of the power module is fixed in the underwater circuit sealed cabin 8, and the high-low voltage power supply unit is connected with the lithium battery through a cable.
The transmitting transducer 12 is connected with the interface of the measurement control device of the underwater circuit sealed cabin 8 through a signal cable; the receiving transducer 16 is connected with the interface of the measurement control device of the underwater circuit sealed cabin 8 through a signal cable; the transmitting transducer 12 is connected with the first wave-absorbing silica gel 11 through a bolt, and the first wave-absorbing silica gel 11 is fixed on the carrying base 3 through a bolt; receiving transducer 16 and second inhale ripples silica gel 17 and pass the bolt and link to each other to pass the bolt and link to each other with sample outer tube 2, the second is inhaled ripples silica gel 17 and is pasted at sample outer tube 2, and sample outer tube 2 with carry on base 3 and pass through the bolt and link to each other, processing has separation groove 15 on the sample outer tube 2.
The inclinometer and the accelerometer 9 are sealed in an underwater circuit sealed cabin 8, and the distance measuring transducer 4 is fixed on the carrying base 3 through bolts; the distance measuring transducer 4 is connected with a measuring control device 10 through a signal cable, the accelerometer is connected with an acceleration measuring circuit 9 through the signal cable, and the acceleration measuring circuit 9 is connected with the measuring control device 10 through the signal cable.
The utility model discloses a submarine sediment acoustics normal position sample measurement system can carry out submarine acoustics normal position measurement in, acquires submarine sediment deposit column sample in step. In the working process, the on-water main control system is mainly used for carrying out command control and parameter setting on the sampling measurement system and exporting underwater acquired data; the sampling device is mainly used for collecting the submarine sediment sample; the sensor system mainly utilizes an acceleration sensor to acquire the acceleration change of the equipment in the lowering process, utilizes a distance measuring sensor to measure the height of the equipment from the seabed, and transmits the acquired data to the seabed control system; the submarine control system mainly receives data collected by the sensor system and is used for driving the measurement control device to start working so as to realize the acoustic in-situ measurement operation of submarine sediments.
The whole system adopts a self-contained operation mode, and the whole working process is as follows:
1. and before the system is launched, assembling the sampling device. The sediment sample is mainly obtained by a weighted lead block, a sampling inner tube, a sampling liner tube, a sampling head and a non-return elastic sheet; the lengths of the sampling inner pipe and the sampling liner pipe are both more than 1.5m so as to obtain sediment samples with the lengths not less than 1.5 m; the sediment sample is stored in the sampling liner tube, the sampling liner tube is processed by organic glass, the upper end of the sampling liner tube is positioned by the carrying base, the lower end of the sampling liner tube is positioned by the sampling head, the outer diameter of the sampling liner tube is the same as the inner diameter of the sampling inner tube, the sampling liner tube is arranged in the sampling inner tube, when the sampling head is connected with the sampling inner tube through threads, the sampling liner tube 14 is fixed among the sampling inner tube 13, the sampling head 1 and the carrying base 3, the sampling inner tube 13 provides structural strength support for the sampling liner tube 14, and when the sampling measuring system is quickly inserted into the sediment, the sampling liner tube cannot deform and be damaged; sampling head 1 internally mounted non return shell fragment 18, non return shell fragment 18 is installed in sampling head 1 with certain angle, and a plurality of non return shell fragments 18 form a conical head in that the sampling head is inside, and conical head structure and non return shell fragment's elasticity can make the deposit can upwards enter into inside the sample bushing pipe, and can not deviate from in the sample bushing pipe.
2. Installing a weighting lead block: the heavy lead 5 is fixed to the carrying base 3, and the number of the heavy lead is increased or decreased according to the nature of the seabed sediment, so as to ensure that the sampling device has enough weight to be quickly inserted into the sediment to a depth of 1.5 m.
3. The measuring system is powered by a battery of the system for an underwater unit, and the power module needs to be charged before the system is launched, and the command setting is carried out on the seabed control system.
4. The overwater master control system carries out command setting on the seabed control system; connecting a USB interface of the overwater main control system with a USB interface of the seabed control system by using a signal cable, carrying out command setting on the seabed control system, and issuing an instrument bottom-touching working mode; the parameters of the acoustic measurement module are set through the seabed control system, and the acoustic wave excitation frequency, the transmitting voltage, the receiving gain, the acquisition time length and the sampling rate required by seabed acoustic measurement are set.
5. Placing the sampling and measuring system into water by using an A-shaped frame and a steel cable winch on a ship, and gradually approaching the seabed; the top of the system is provided with an inclinometer which can monitor whether the system is vertically inserted into the seabed sediment or not, attitude parameters acquired by the inclinometer are transmitted to the measurement control device, the attitude parameters are stored in a TF card after being subjected to A/D conversion by the measurement control device, and data are exported for processing after the measurement system is lifted to a deck; a distance measuring transducer 4 is arranged on the carrying support 3, the height of the equipment from the seabed is accurately measured according to the time of transmitting and receiving sound waves by transmitting sound signals to the seabed and then receiving reflected sound signals; when the sampling and measuring system is inserted into sediment, the accurate depth of the sampling tube inserted into the seabed can be determined according to the equipment off-bottom height measured by the distance measuring transducer and the total length of the equipment sampling tube. The off-bottom height data collected by the distance measuring transducer are transmitted to the measuring control device, the measuring control device carries out A/D conversion and then stores the data in the TF card, and after the measuring system is lifted to a deck, the data are exported and processed.
6. The sample measurement system is quickly lowered into the sediment as it approaches the seafloor. After the measuring system reaches the seabed, the dead weight of a loading lead block of the sampling measuring system is utilized to enable the sampling pipe to be quickly inserted into the seabed substrate, the whole acoustic module works, the clinometer and the distance measuring transducer continuously acquire attitude parameters and the off-bottom height, the attitude parameters and the off-bottom height are sent to the measuring control device through the seabed transmission interface, the attitude parameters and the off-bottom height are converted through high-speed A/D and then stored in a TF card of the measuring control device, data are exported after the equipment is drained, whether the sampling pipe vertically penetrates into the seabed or not is judged after the data are processed, and the depth of the sampling pipe penetrating into the seabed is calculated. The seabed sediment passes through the sampling head 1 and the check spring plate 18 and enters the sampling liner tube 14, and when the sampling device is lifted up, the sediment dead weight can press the check spring plate to be closed, so that sediment samples are prevented from falling out of the sampling liner tube, and sampling is successful.
7. When the measuring system touches the bottom, the bottom-touch instant starting system of the instrument starts to work, and the bottom-touch instant starting system of the instrument comprises an accelerometer and an acceleration acquisition module, so that the sampling measuring system can start acoustic characteristic measurement within 2s of the system touching the bottom; the acoustic module is in a standby mode before starting, enters an acquisition working mode after bottom-touching starting, and re-enters the standby mode after acquisition is completed. The sampling measurement system only carries out acoustic characteristic measurement within a short period of time (within 2 seconds) after the sampling device is inserted into the sediment, so that an instrument needs to be started at the moment of bottoming, the positive and negative value changes of the accelerometer are measured by the acceleration measurement circuit, and the measurement control device is responsible for logical judgment on whether the acoustic module is started or not; when the sampling and measuring system touches the bottom, the accelerometer feeds back a negative value to the acceleration measuring circuit, the measurement control device immediately starts the acquisition work of the acoustic module, and the acquisition control device enters the standby mode again after the acquisition work is finished.
8. In the whole measuring process, the power supply module provides a direct-current low-voltage power supply and a sound wave excitation high-voltage power supply which are required by the work of the sampling measuring system; the measurement control device completes the functions of measurement process control, data acquisition, data storage and the like; the measurement control device takes a digital signal processor as a core, realizes data exchange with equipment attitude parameters, off-bottom height and acceleration parameters of a sensor system through a submarine transmission interface, realizes time sequence control of a measurement control process through an FPGA control chip, firstly drives an acceleration acquisition module to acquire the acceleration parameters, judges whether the equipment touches the bottom according to the acceleration parameters, and starts the work of an inclinometer, a ranging transducer and an acoustic module if the equipment touches the bottom. In the whole process of the work of the acoustic module, the inclinometer continuously acquires attitude parameters and the distance measuring transducer continuously acquires off-bottom height parameters until the acoustic module enters a standby mode. The acoustic module comprises a receiving amplifying circuit, a transmitting control circuit and a high-speed A/D, TF card for storage, wherein the transmitting control circuit is used for exciting to generate a sound wave signal, the sound wave signal is excited to a transmitting transducer after being amplified, the sound signal is transmitted in submarine sediments and then received by the receiving transducer, the sound signal is subjected to gain amplification by the receiving amplifying circuit, and the sound signal is digitized by the high-speed A/D card and then stored in the TF card.
9. When the instrument touches the bottom and the system starts the acoustic characteristic measurement work, the system starts the acoustic measurement. The acoustic measurement module excites the transmitting transducer to generate acoustic signals according to preset parameters, the acoustic signals pass through the seabed sediment and then reach different receiving transducers, the receiving transducers receive the acoustic signals and then transmit the acoustic signals back to the acoustic measurement module through the signal cables, and acoustic data are stored in the measurement module. When the transmitting transducer excites a sound wave signal, the first wave-absorbing silica gel is arranged between the transmitting transducer and the carrying base, so that the sound wave can be prevented from being transmitted from the transmitting transducer to the receiving transducer along the sampling outer tube; meanwhile, a blocking groove is processed on a sampling outer tube of the sampling measurement system, second wave-absorbing silica gel is arranged between the receiving transducer and the sampling outer tube, and the blocking groove and the second wave-absorbing silica gel enable the receiving transducer to only receive sound waves transmitted by the transmitting transducer through the sediment so as to accurately measure the acoustic characteristics of the sediment.
10. The principle of the whole acoustic in-situ measurement is as follows: 1 acoustic characteristic transmitting transducer, 8 receiving transducers and 8 receiving transducers are vertically arranged at a certain interval; in the acoustic characteristic measurement, in order to improve the measurement accuracy, an average sound velocity measurement is adopted as the measurement sound velocity. And calculating the sound velocity by the difference of the transmission time of the sound wave reaching different receivers and knowing the distance difference between the transmitting transducer and different receivers.
11. The armored cable is recycled, the sampling measurement system is recycled to a ship deck, and data obtained by the sampling measurement system is exported by using an upper computer, wherein the data comprises attitude data collected by an inclinometer, off-bottom height data collected by a distance measuring transducer, acceleration parameters collected by an accelerometer, starting time and standby time of an acoustic module recorded by a measurement control device and acoustic data collected by the acoustic module, and the acoustic characteristic data obtained by analysis is processed; if the obtained acoustic characteristic data is abnormal, sampling measurement can be carried out again;
12. when the sampling and measuring system returns to the deck of the ship and a sediment sample needs to be taken out, the sampling head is unscrewed from the sampling inner pipe, and the sampling liner pipe is taken out from the sampling inner pipe. If the length of the obtained deposit is too short, sampling measurement can be performed again.
The principle and the implementation of the present invention are explained herein by using specific examples, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the field, according to the idea of the present invention, there are changes in the concrete implementation and the application scope. In summary, the content of the present description should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An acoustic in-situ sampling and measuring system for seafloor sediments, comprising:
the device comprises a measuring device, a sampling device, a measurement control device and a supporting device;
the supporting device is connected with the mother ship through a cable;
the sampling device is arranged at the bottom of the supporting device and is used for acquiring a submarine sediment sample;
the measuring device is arranged on the supporting device and is used for carrying out acoustic measurement;
the measurement control device is arranged on the supporting device and electrically connected with the measurement device, and the measurement control device is used for controlling the measurement device to perform acoustic measurement.
2. The seafloor sediment acoustic in-situ sampling measurement system of claim 1, further comprising:
an above-water master control system;
the water main control system is respectively connected with the measuring device and the measuring control device, and is used for sending out a control instruction and acquiring underwater measurement data.
3. The system for acoustic in-situ sampling and measuring of seafloor sediments according to claim 1, wherein the measuring device comprises:
the device comprises an acoustic module, an acceleration measuring module and a distance measuring module;
the acoustic module, the acceleration measuring module and the distance measuring module are all connected with the measurement control device;
the acoustic module is used for measuring the acoustic characteristics of the seabed sediment;
the acceleration measurement module is used for identifying positive and negative changes of acceleration;
the distance measurement module is used for measuring the height from the sea bottom;
the measurement control device is used for controlling the acoustic module to measure the acoustic characteristics of the seabed sediments when the acceleration measurement module identifies that the acceleration is positive or negative; the measuring control device is also used for storing the height information from the seabed transmitted by the ranging module.
4. Submarine sediment acoustic in-situ sampling measurement system according to claim 3,
the acoustic module specifically includes:
a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer;
the transmitting transducer is arranged on the supporting device, and the receiving transducer is arranged on the sampling device;
the acceleration measurement module specifically includes:
an accelerometer and an acceleration measurement circuit;
the acceleration measuring circuit is respectively connected with the accelerometer and the measurement control device; the acceleration measuring circuit is used for identifying positive and negative changes of acceleration.
5. The seafloor sediment acoustic in-situ sampling measurement system of claim 4, wherein the measurement device further comprises:
an inclinometer;
the inclinometer is arranged on the supporting device and is connected with the measurement control device; the inclinometer is used for monitoring whether the sampling device is vertically inserted into the seabed sediment.
6. The submarine sediment acoustic in-situ sampling measurement system according to claim 4, wherein the sampling device specifically comprises:
the sampling device comprises an outer sampling pipe, an inner sampling pipe, a sampling liner pipe, a sampling head and a non-return elastic sheet;
the sampling inner pipe is sleeved on the sampling liner pipe, and the sampling outer pipe is sleeved on the sampling inner pipe;
the sampling head is arranged at the bottom of the sampling outer tube, and the top of the sampling outer tube is arranged at the bottom of the supporting device;
the non-return elastic sheet is arranged in the sampling head, sediment enters the sampling lining pipe through the sampling head, and the non-return elastic sheet is used for preventing the sediment entering the sampling lining pipe from falling off;
a plurality of blocking grooves are formed in the outer wall of the sampling outer tube, and the receiving transducer is arranged in the blocking grooves.
7. The system for acoustic in-situ sampling and measuring of seafloor sediments according to claim 1, wherein the support device comprises:
the bearing support and the carrying base are arranged on the bearing support;
the bearing support is arranged on the carrying base, and the top of the bearing support is connected with the mother ship through a cable; the measuring device and the measuring control device are arranged on the upper surface of the carrying base, and the sampling device is arranged on the lower surface of the carrying base.
8. The seafloor sediment acoustic in-situ sampling measurement system of claim 6, wherein the acoustic module further comprises:
the first wave-absorbing silica gel and the second wave-absorbing silica gel;
the first wave absorption silica gel is connected with the transmitting transducer and used for preventing sound waves from being transmitted from the transmitting transducer to the receiving transducer along the sampling outer tube;
the second is inhaled ripples silica gel and is set up the separation groove with between the receiving transducer, the second is inhaled ripples silica gel and is used for making the receiving transducer only receives the sound wave that the transmitting transducer passed through the transmission of submarine sediment.
9. The seafloor sediment acoustic in-situ sampling measurement system of claim 7, further comprising:
weighting the lead block;
the weighting lead block is arranged on the upper surface of the carrying base and used for enabling the depth of the sampling device inserted into the submarine sediments to reach the preset depth.
10. The seafloor sediment acoustic in-situ sampling measurement system of claim 5, further comprising:
an underwater circuit sealed cabin;
the underwater circuit sealed cabin is arranged on the supporting device, and the measurement control device, the accelerometer, the acceleration measurement circuit and the inclinometer are all arranged in the underwater circuit sealed cabin.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202022880226.9U CN213398929U (en) | 2020-12-03 | 2020-12-03 | Submarine sediment acoustic in-situ sampling and measuring system |
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| CN202022880226.9U CN213398929U (en) | 2020-12-03 | 2020-12-03 | Submarine sediment acoustic in-situ sampling and measuring system |
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