CN213356910U

CN213356910U - Puncturing mechanism for test tube

Info

Publication number: CN213356910U
Application number: CN202021956385.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邓镭; 吴建康; 黄海艇
Original assignee: Shanghai Yangtai Medical Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Yangtai Medical Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-09
Filing date: 2020-09-09
Publication date: 2021-06-04
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-09

Abstract

The utility model relates to a puncture mechanism for a test tube, which comprises a tube body executing component and a cover breaking executing mechanism; the pipe body executing assembly comprises a pipe body lifting mechanism and a pipe body clamping mechanism; the pipe body lifting mechanism is used for selectively carrying out integral lifting or integral oscillation on the pipe body clamping mechanism; the tube body clamping mechanism comprises a positioning tube for vertically placing a test tube and a tube body clamp which is driven by a tube body clamping executing mechanism to selectively clamp the tube body of the digestion test tube in the positioning tube; the cap breaking executing mechanism comprises an ejector pin with a downward pointed end and a cap breaking swinging executing mechanism which drives the ejector pin to swing right above the positioning tube when the tube body clamping mechanism descends. The advantages are that: simple structure, the operation of being convenient for, intelligent degree improves, and is safe, can handle the multiunit test tube simultaneously.

Description

Puncturing mechanism for test tube

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a chemistry survey equipment field especially relates to a test tube is with stabbing mechanism for water quality testing.

Background

The test tube is a common chemical instrument, and in the technical field of analytical chemistry, the tube body of the test tube or an aluminum foil on a bottle cap of the tube body needs to be punctured frequently, so that a reagent sealed by the aluminum foil in the bottle cap or the tube body is added for reaction. For example, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) indicates that the chemical method measures the digestion cuvettes used in water samples.

Referring to fig. 1, the upper and lower ends of the tube cap 11 of the digestion colorimetric tube 1 are sealed and fitted to the tube body 12, and the upper end of the tube cap 12 is sealed with a solid solute through an aluminum foil in a factory state of the digestion colorimetric tube 1. The digestion colorimetric tube has the performances of acid resistance, high temperature resistance, pressure resistance and burst prevention, can be used for digestion, and can also be used for colorimetric measurement as a colorimetric tube.

Generally, the above working process is mainly realized by manual operation, and the defects of the working process are as follows: (1) the manual operation has low working efficiency, and the water sample treatment is a time-consuming and labor-consuming process. During the process, a significant portion of the time is spent on reagent addition; (2) easily cause the contaminated danger of experimental facilities and operating personnel.

Therefore, the existing detection method is difficult to realize large-scale and large-batch efficient detection.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at the structural shortcoming of prior art, provide a test tube with stabbing mechanism, its simple structure, the operation of being convenient for, intelligent degree improves, and is safe, can handle the multiunit test tube simultaneously.

In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention provides a puncture mechanism for test tube, which is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a test tube is with pricking mechanism which characterized in that: the puncturing mechanism comprises a pipe body executing assembly and a cover breaking executing mechanism; the pipe body executing assembly comprises a pipe body lifting mechanism and a pipe body clamping mechanism; the pipe body lifting mechanism is used for selectively carrying out integral lifting or integral oscillation on the pipe body clamping mechanism; the tube body clamping mechanism comprises a positioning tube for vertically placing a test tube and a tube body clamp which is driven by a tube body clamping executing mechanism to selectively clamp the tube body of the test tube in the positioning tube; the cover breaking executing mechanism comprises an ejector pin with a downward pointed end and a cover breaking swinging executing mechanism which drives the ejector pin to swing right above the positioning pipe when the pipe body clamping mechanism descends.

The pipe body clamp comprises a gripper support, a left gripper, a right gripper and a connecting rod mechanism, wherein the left gripper and the right gripper are symmetrically hinged on the gripper support, and the connecting rod mechanism drives the left gripper to release or grip; the connecting rod mechanism is connected with a sliding block and moves along with the movement of the sliding block; the pipe body clamping executing mechanism comprises a pipe body clamping driving motor, and a nut on a screw rod connected with the pipe body clamping driving motor is fixedly connected with a sliding block of the pipe body clamp, so that the sliding block of the pipe body clamp is driven to slide in a corresponding guide rail; two windows are symmetrically formed in the side wall of the positioning pipe, and the left hand grip and the right hand grip of the pipe body clamp are arranged at the windows.

The pipe body lifting mechanism comprises a plurality of guide pillars, connecting rods, a rotary table and a rotary table driving mechanism for driving the rotary table to rotate on a vertical plane, wherein the guide pillars, the connecting rods and the rotary table are vertically arranged; the pipe body clamping mechanism is movably arranged on the guide pillar, one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the outer edge of the rotary table, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the pipe body clamping mechanism.

The tube body clamping mechanism further comprises a rotary executing mechanism for driving the positioning tube and the tube body clamp to rotate around the axis of the test tube in the positioning tube.

The rotary actuating mechanism comprises a lifting plate, a pipe body rotary table and a pipe body rotary driving motor, the lifting plate is movably arranged on the guide pillar, and the connecting rod is hinged with the lifting plate; the tube body rotating platform can be rotatably arranged on the lifting plate, and the tube body rotating driving motor drives the tube body rotating platform to rotate through a belt transmission structure; the axis of the pipe body rotary table is vertically arranged, and the positioning pipe is fixedly arranged on the central axis of the pipe body rotary table.

The turntable driving mechanism comprises a pipe body lifting driving motor, and the pipe body lifting driving motor drives the turntable to rotate through belt transmission.

The cover breaking swing executing mechanism comprises a swing driving motor, an output shaft of the swing driving motor is vertically arranged, a swing arm is installed, the swing arm is transversely arranged, and the other end of the swing arm is connected with the ejector pin.

The utility model has the advantages that: simple structure, the operation of being convenient for, intelligent degree improves, and is safe, can handle the multiunit test tube simultaneously.

Drawings

The above features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the exemplary embodiments thereof taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a test tube used in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pipe body executing assembly 3, a pipe cap executing assembly 4 and a cap breaking executing mechanism 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cover breaking actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram I of a pipe cap executing assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram I I of a tube cap actuator assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a tube cap actuator assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a pipe body actuating assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a tube actuator assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so as to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

digestion colorimetric tube 1

Tube cap 11 and tube body 12

Frame 2

Top plate 21, bottom plate 22, side plate 23

Pipe body execution assembly 3

Tube lifting mechanism 31

A guide post 311, a tube body lifting drive motor 312, a tube body lifting drive wheel 313, a tube body lifting belt 314, a connecting rod 315, a turntable 316, and a tube body lifting driven wheel 317

Tube body holding mechanism 32

Positioning tube 321

Window 3211

Pipe clamp 322

A hand grip support 3221, a left hand grip 3222, a right hand grip 3223, a link mechanism 3224 and a slider 3225

Rotary actuator 323

Elevating plate 3231, tube turn table 3232, tube rotation driving motor 3233, and belt 3234

Tube gripping actuator 324

Tube body clamping driving motor 3241, screw rod 3242 and nut 3243

Pipe cover execution assembly 4

Lid body swing mechanism 41

A bottom plate 411, a first vertical plate 412, a second vertical plate 413, a cover body rotating table 414, a cover body swinging drive motor 415 and a gear transmission mechanism 416

Cover turnover mechanism 42

Tube clamping actuator 421

Cover body clamping drive motor 4211, screw rod 4212 and nut 4213

Tube cap clamp 422

Gripper support 4221, left gripper 4222, right gripper 4223, link mechanism 4224 and slider 4225

Turnover actuator 423

Rotary structure 4231, cover turnover belt 4232, cover turnover driving motor 4233, bearing 4234, bearing 4235, cover turnover driven wheel 4236 and cover turnover driving wheel 4237

Cap breaking actuator 5

Thimble 51, thimble swing drive motor 52, swing arm 53

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature may be directly on or directly under the second feature or indirectly via intermediate members. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

The principle of using such a test tube will be described in detail below with reference to the structure of the device, and referring to fig. 2 to 8, the lancing mechanism in this embodiment includes a frame 2, the frame 2 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a top plate 21, a bottom plate 22 and two side plates 23. The frame 2 is the main structure of the puncturing mechanism and becomes a mounting platform for the pipe body executing assembly 3, the pipe cover executing assembly 4 and the puncturing executing mechanism 5.

Here, the cap actuator assembly 4 is used to cooperate with the body actuator assembly 3 and the cap breaking actuator 5, so that the cap actuator assembly 4 will be briefly described in the following description to assist in understanding the purpose and concept of the present embodiment of the present invention.

First, the pipe body executive component 3

Referring to fig. 2, 7 and 8, the tube body actuating assembly 3 is used for implementing various motion commands to the tube body 12, and includes a tube body lifting mechanism 31 and a tube body clamping mechanism 32. The tube lifting mechanism 31 is used to lift or oscillate the tube holding mechanism 32 as a whole.

Tube body holding mechanism 32

Referring to fig. 8 and 7, the tube body gripping mechanism 32 includes a positioning tube 321, a tube body gripper 322, a rotation actuator 323, and a tube body gripping actuator 324. Wherein:

the positioning tube 321 is a hollow tubular structure, the upper end of the positioning tube is open, and the hollow cavity of the positioning tube can be used for vertically placing the digestion colorimetric tube 1. Two windows 3211 are symmetrically formed in the side wall of the positioning tube 321, and left and right grips of the tube body clamp 322 are arranged at the two windows 3211.

The tube gripper 322 is driven by the tube gripping actuator 324 to selectively grip the tube 12 of the lysis cuvette 1 in the positioning tube 321. The tube clamp 322 comprises a guide rail pair composed of a sliding block 3225 and a guide rail, a grip support 3221, a left grip 3222 and a right grip 3223 symmetrically hinged to the grip support 3221, and a link mechanism 3224 for driving the left grip 3222 and the right grip 3223 to release or close. The left and

right grips

3222 and 3223 have grooves on opposite sides that fit into the body 12. The linkage 3224 is connected to the slider 3225 and moves with the slider 3225.

The tube clamping actuator 324 comprises a tube clamping driving motor 3241, a rotating shaft of the tube clamping driving motor 3241 is connected with a screw rod 3242, a nut 3243 is mounted on the screw rod 3242, and the nut 4243 is connected with the slider 3225 and drives the slider 3225 to slide in the corresponding guide rail. Therefore, when the tube clamping driving motor 3241 operates, the rotating shaft thereof drives the screw rod 3242 to rotate, and further drives the nut 3243 to vertically move on the screw rod 3242, and the slider 3225 moves along with the screw rod, so that the link mechanism 3224 pulls the left grip 3222 and the right grip 3223 to release or close.

The rotary actuator 323 drives the positioning tube 321, the tube holder 322, and the tube holding actuator 324 to rotate around the axis of the cuvette 1 to be resolved in the positioning tube 321.

The rotation actuator 323 includes a lifting plate 3231, a tube turn table 3232, and a tube rotation driving motor 3233. The tube body rotating platform 3232 is vertically installed on the lifting plate 3231 in a rotatable manner, and the tube body rotating driving motor 3233 drives the rotating platform 3232 to rotate through a belt 3234, which is a common driving means in the art and therefore will not be described herein again. The axis of the tube body turntable 3232 is vertically arranged, and the positioning tube 321 is fixedly arranged on the central axis of the tube body turntable 3232.

Tube lifting mechanism 31

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the tube elevating mechanism 31 includes four guide posts 311, a tube elevating driving motor 312, a link 315, a turntable 316, and a tube elevating belt 314 wound between a tube elevating driving wheel 313 and a tube elevating driven wheel 317.

Four guide posts 311 are vertically arranged on the bottom plate 232 of the frame 23. The lifting plate 3231 is correspondingly provided with a hole sleeved on the guide post 311, movably arranged on the guide post 311, and vertically movable along the guide post 311.

The turntable 316 has a rotating shaft supported by a bearing of a bracket on the base plate 232 and can rotate on a vertical plane, and the turntable 316 is coaxially fixed with the pipe body elevating driven wheel 317 and rotates under the driving of the pipe body elevating driven wheel

A tube lifting driving wheel 313 is mounted on the rotating shaft of the tube lifting driving motor 312, and drives the rotating disc 316 to rotate through the transmission of a tube lifting belt 314. The outer edge of the turntable 316 is hinged with a connecting rod 315, and the other end of the connecting rod 315 is hinged with a lifting plate 3231; thus, as the turntable 316 rotates, the tube gripping mechanism 32 is driven by the link 315 to move up and down along the guide post 311 in a periodic manner.

As described above, when the tube holding mechanism 32 needs to be lifted slowly, the tube lifting driving motor 312 is controlled to rotate at a low speed. When the tube holding mechanism 32 is required to oscillate, the tube elevating driving motor 312 is controlled to rotate at a high speed.

Second, tube cover executive component 4

Referring to fig. 4, 5 and 6, the tube cap executing assembly 4 is disposed above the tube body executing assembly 3, and is used for implementing various operation commands to the tube cap 11, and includes a cap body swinging mechanism 41 and a cap body overturning mechanism 42. Wherein:

lid body swing mechanism 41

Referring to FIG. 5, the cover tilting mechanism 41 is adapted to intermittently tilt the cover tilting mechanism 42 about a vertical axis between a first limit position and a second limit position.

The lid swing mechanism 41 includes a lid turntable 414, a lid swing drive motor 415, a bottom plate 411, and a first vertical plate 412 and a second vertical plate 413 which are set up on the bottom plate 411.

The cover swing driving motor 415 is mounted on the lower surface of the top plate 231 of the frame 23, and the cover rotary table 414 is rotatably mounted on the upper surface of the top plate 231 of the frame 23 and is connected to an output shaft of the cover swing driving motor 415 through a gear transmission mechanism 416, so that the cover swing driving motor 415 drives the rotary table to rotate through the gear transmission mechanism 416 when operating. The axis of the rotating shaft of the cover rotating table 414 constitutes the vertical axis about which the cover turning mechanism 42 swings. The gear transmission structure is a common transmission means in the field, and therefore, the details are not described herein.

The first vertical plate 412 is installed at a section of the bottom plate 411 and combined to form an L shape, and the second vertical plate 413 is installed in parallel to the first vertical plate 412 and installed at the middle of the bottom plate 411. The base plate 411 is fixed to the cover turntable 414.

Cover turnover mechanism 42

Referring to fig. 4-6, the cover overturning mechanism 42 is mounted on the first vertical plate 412 and the second vertical plate 413, and includes a pipe clamping actuator 421, a pipe cover clamp 422, and an overturning actuator 423.

When the cap overturning mechanism 42 is in the second limit position, the overturning actuator 423 drives the tube cap fixture 422 to rotate intermittently around a horizontal shaft. When the cover turning mechanism 42 is in the first limit position, the tube cover clamp 422 is driven by the cover clamping actuator to selectively clamp the tube cover 11 of the cuvette 1 in the positioning tube 321.

The inversion actuator 423 includes a rotation structure 4231, a cover inversion belt 4232, and a cover inversion driving motor 4233. Round holes are coaxially formed in the first vertical plate 412 and the second vertical plate 413, the diameter of each hole in the first vertical plate 412 is larger than that of each hole in the second vertical plate 413, a bearing 4234 (fixedly connected with the outer ring of the bearing 4234) is installed on each round hole in the first vertical plate 412, and a bearing 4235 (fixedly connected with the outer ring of the bearing 4235) is installed on each round hole in the second vertical plate 413. The bearing 4234 and the inner ring of the bearing 4235 are sleeved on the rotating structural member 4231 and fixedly connected. Accordingly, the rotation member 4231 is movably disposed on the first vertical plate 412 and the second vertical plate 413, and rotates around a horizontal axis. A cover turning driven wheel 4236 is mounted on the portion of the rotating structure 4231 between the first vertical plate 412 and the second vertical plate 413. The cover body turning driving motor 4233 is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the second vertical plate 413, an output shaft of the cover body turning driving motor 4237 is provided with a cover body turning driving wheel 4237, and a cover body turning belt 4232 is wound between the cover body turning driving wheel 4237 and the cover body turning driven wheel 4236 and tensioned. Therefore, when the cover inversion driving motor 4233 is started, the rotating structure 4231 is driven to rotate by the belt transmission.

The rotary component 4231 is provided with a central through hole along its axis of rotation, which central through hole constitutes a guiding rail.

The tube cover clamp 422 comprises a sliding block 4225, a hand grip support 4221, a left hand grip 4222 and a right hand grip 4223 which are symmetrically hinged on the hand grip support 4221, and a link mechanism 4224 for driving the left hand grip 4222 and the right hand grip 4223 to release or close.

The gripper bracket 4221 is fixed on the rotating structure 4231, specifically on the end surface of the rotating structure 4231 located outside the first vertical plate 412. The opposite sides of the left grip 4222 and the right grip 4223 have grooves for fitting the tube cover 11. The link mechanism 4223 is hinged to the left and

right grips

4222 and 4223, respectively, and is connected to the slider 4225 so as to move with the movement of the slider 4225. The slider 4225 is substantially cylindrical, is fitted in the central through hole of the rotary structure 4231, and forms a guide rail pair with the central through hole. The left grip 4222 and the right grip 4223 are arranged symmetrically to the axis of the rotational structure 4231.

The cover body clamping actuator 421 comprises a cover body clamping drive motor 4211, a rotating shaft of the cover body clamping drive motor 4211 is connected with a screw rod 4212, a nut 4213 is installed on the screw rod 4212, and the nut 4213 is connected with a sliding block 4225 and drives the sliding block 4225 to slide in a corresponding central through hole. Therefore, when the cover body clamping driving motor 4211 operates, the rotating shaft of the cover body drives the screw rod 4212 to rotate, further drives the nut 4213 to horizontally move on the screw rod 4212, and the sliding block 4225 moves along with the screw rod 4212, so that the link mechanism 4224 pulls the left gripper 4222 and the right gripper 4223 to release or close.

Third, break the cover actuator 5

Referring to fig. 3, the cap breaking actuator 5 includes a thimble 51, a swing arm 53, and a cap breaking swing actuator. The cover breaking swing actuator includes a pin swing driving motor 52, the pin swing driving motor 52 is fixedly disposed on the bottom surface of the top plate 231 of the frame 23, and an output shaft thereof extends upward to the top plate 231. One end of the swing arm 53 is connected to an output shaft of the pin swing drive motor 52, and the other end is fixed with the pin 51. The tip of the thimble 51 is arranged downwards, and the tip direction of the thimble 51 and the axial direction of the output shaft of the thimble swing driving motor 52 are both vertical to the length direction of the swing arm 53. Thus, when the tube clamping mechanism 32 is lowered, the pin swing driving motor 52 drives the swing arm 53 to swing, and the pin 51 can move right above the positioning tube 321. When the tube body holding mechanism 32 is lifted again, the aluminum film of the tube cover 11 of the extinction color comparison tube 1 in the positioning tube 321 can be just punctured.

With the above device structure, the following detailed description is made on the working principle and the specific action steps of the embodiment of the present invention:

the tube body elevating drive motor 312 is started to control the tube body gripping mechanism 32 to descend.

The ejector pin swing driving motor 52 of the cap breaking actuating mechanism 5 is started to drive the swing arm 53 to swing, and the ejector pin 51 moves to a position right above the positioning pipe 321.

When the tube body lifting drive motor 312 is started and the tube body clamping mechanism 32 is controlled to rise again, the aluminum film of the tube cover 11 of the dissolution colorimetric tube 1 in the positioning tube 321 can be just punctured, and the solid solute in the aluminum film is exposed (the solid solute is in a block shape and is combined with the inner wall of the tube cover 11, and cannot be spilled out when being overturned).

The thimble swing driving motor 52 is started to drive the swing arm 53 to swing back to the original position to wait for the next operation.

The above embodiments are intended to illustrate the present invention and the embodiments in detail, but it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments of the present invention are only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and for space limitation, all embodiments can not be listed here one by one, and any implementation that can embody the technical solution of the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a test tube is with pricking mechanism which characterized in that: the puncturing mechanism comprises a pipe body executing assembly and a cover breaking executing mechanism; the pipe body executing assembly comprises a pipe body lifting mechanism and a pipe body clamping mechanism; the pipe body lifting mechanism is used for selectively carrying out integral lifting or integral oscillation on the pipe body clamping mechanism; the tube body clamping mechanism comprises a positioning tube for vertically placing a test tube and a tube body clamp which is driven by a tube body clamping executing mechanism to selectively clamp the tube body of the test tube in the positioning tube; the cover breaking executing mechanism comprises an ejector pin with a downward pointed end and a cover breaking swinging executing mechanism which drives the ejector pin to swing right above the positioning pipe when the pipe body clamping mechanism descends.

2. A puncturing mechanism for test tubes according to claim 1, wherein: the pipe body clamp comprises a gripper support, a left gripper, a right gripper and a connecting rod mechanism, wherein the left gripper and the right gripper are symmetrically hinged on the gripper support, and the connecting rod mechanism drives the left gripper to release or grip; the connecting rod mechanism is connected with a sliding block and moves along with the movement of the sliding block; the pipe body clamping executing mechanism comprises a pipe body clamping driving motor, and a nut on a screw rod connected with the pipe body clamping driving motor is fixedly connected with a sliding block of the pipe body clamp, so that the sliding block of the pipe body clamp is driven to slide in a corresponding guide rail; two windows are symmetrically formed in the side wall of the positioning pipe, and the left hand grip and the right hand grip of the pipe body clamp are arranged at the windows.

3. A puncturing mechanism for test tubes according to claim 2, wherein: the pipe body lifting mechanism comprises a plurality of guide pillars, connecting rods, a rotary table and a rotary table driving mechanism for driving the rotary table to rotate on a vertical plane, wherein the guide pillars, the connecting rods and the rotary table are vertically arranged; the pipe body clamping mechanism is movably arranged on the guide pillar, one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the outer edge of the rotary table, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the pipe body clamping mechanism.

4. A puncturing mechanism for test tubes according to claim 3, wherein: the tube body clamping mechanism further comprises a rotary executing mechanism for driving the positioning tube and the tube body clamp to rotate around the axis of the test tube in the positioning tube.

5. A puncturing mechanism for test tubes according to claim 4, wherein: the rotary actuating mechanism comprises a lifting plate, a pipe body rotary table and a pipe body rotary driving motor, the lifting plate is movably arranged on the guide pillar, and the connecting rod is hinged with the lifting plate; the tube body rotating platform can be rotatably arranged on the lifting plate, and the tube body rotating driving motor drives the tube body rotating platform to rotate through a belt transmission structure; the axis of the pipe body rotary table is vertically arranged, and the positioning pipe is fixedly arranged on the central axis of the pipe body rotary table.

6. A puncturing mechanism for test tubes according to claim 5, wherein: the turntable driving mechanism comprises a pipe body lifting driving motor, and the pipe body lifting driving motor drives the turntable to rotate through belt transmission.

7. A puncturing mechanism for test tubes according to claim 1, wherein: the cover breaking swing executing mechanism comprises a swing driving motor, an output shaft of the swing driving motor is vertically arranged, a swing arm is installed, the swing arm is transversely arranged, and the other end of the swing arm is connected with the ejector pin.