CN213340725U - WIFI antenna structure and wireless communication equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a WIFI antenna structure and wireless communication equipment, wherein the WIFI antenna structure includes: the antenna comprises a metal cavity, a dielectric substrate, antennas working at a plurality of WIFI frequency bands and SMA joints; the dielectric substrate is arranged on the metal cavity and forms any one surface of the metal cavity; a clearance area and a floor area are arranged on the inner surface of the medium substrate facing the inner side of the metal cavity; the antenna is arranged in the clearance area and is arranged inside the metal cavity, and electromagnetic waves are radiated to the outer side of the metal cavity through the clearance area; the first end of the SMA connector is fixed on the dielectric substrate, is connected with the antenna and feeds the antenna; the second end of the SMA connector penetrates one surface of the metal cavity and protrudes out of the metal cavity. In the embodiment of the application, the loss of the radiation energy of the antenna is reduced, the electromagnetic interference caused by devices and the like outside the WIFI antenna structure to the antenna is reduced, and the performance of the antenna is improved.

Description

WIFI antenna structure and wireless communication equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a WIFI antenna structure and wireless communication equipment.

Background

With the continuous development of the technology level and the wireless communication technology, various products are developed to be wireless and intelligent, and accordingly, the antenna becomes an indispensable key device in the product. The electrically small antenna is one of antennas, and has an omnidirectional radiation characteristic, so that when the electrically small antenna is applied to a product, half of energy is radiated to the inside of the product, which not only causes loss of radiation energy, but also generates electromagnetic interference. Also, the antenna may be interfered by other devices in the product and degraded.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The embodiment of the application aims to provide a WIFI antenna structure and wireless communication equipment so as to solve the problems that the current electrically small antenna is low in energy loss, easy to interfere and low in performance and the like.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:

in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a WIFI antenna structure, including: the antenna comprises a metal cavity, a dielectric substrate, antennas working at a plurality of WIFI frequency bands and SMA joints;

the dielectric substrate is arranged on the metal cavity and forms any one surface of the metal cavity; a clearance area and a floor area are arranged on the inner surface of the medium substrate facing the inner side of the metal cavity;

the antenna is arranged in the clearance area, is arranged inside the metal cavity and radiates electromagnetic waves to the outer side of the metal cavity through the clearance area;

the first end of the SMA connector is fixed on the dielectric substrate, is connected with the antenna and feeds the antenna; the second end of the SMA connector penetrates one surface of the metal cavity and protrudes out of the metal cavity.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication device, including: the WIFI antenna structure provided by the first aspect of the present application;

the outer surface of the dielectric substrate in the WIFI antenna structure and the region corresponding to the clearance region face the device from the inside to the outside.

According to the WIFI antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the application, the dielectric substrate is arranged on the metal cavity to form one surface of the metal cavity; arranging a clearance area on the inner surface of the dielectric substrate facing the inner side of the metal cavity, and arranging antennas working at a plurality of WIFI frequency bands in the clearance area, so that electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands radiated by the antennas can be transmitted from the inner side of the metal cavity to the outer side of the metal cavity through the clearance area; therefore, when the WIFI antenna structure is arranged in other products, the outer surface of the dielectric substrate in the WIFI antenna structure and the region corresponding to the clearance region are arranged towards the direction from inside to outside of the other products, and the shell corresponding to the direction from inside to outside of the other products is arranged to be made of non-metal materials (such as plastic materials) or hollowed out, so that electromagnetic waves can be propagated from the inside of the metal cavity to the outside of the metal cavity through the clearance region and then continuously propagated along the direction from inside to outside of the other products, and the omnidirectional radiation is not performed to the inside of the other products, so that the energy loss is reduced. And because the WIFI antenna structure is provided with the metal cavity, the metal cavity can greatly reduce electromagnetic interference caused by devices and the like outside the WIFI antenna structure to the antenna, so that the antenna performance is improved, and the application scene of the WIFI antenna structure is wider.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective structure diagram of a WIFI antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an inner surface of a dielectric substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a product including a WIFI antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is an exploded view of a WIFI antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an inner surface of another dielectric substrate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a graph illustrating passive radiation efficiency of an inverted-F antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a graph illustrating passive radiation efficiency of a cavity antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Description of reference numerals:

1: a metal cavity;

2: a dielectric substrate;

3: an antenna;

4: an SMA joint;

5: a grounded coplanar waveguide;

6: an impedance transformation transmission line;

7: metallizing the through-hole;

21: a headroom region;

22: a floor area;

31: a ground branch section;

32: a first radiating branch;

33: a second radiating branch;

81: conductive foam;

82: assembling a groove;

91: connecting holes;

92: a screw;

93: a first screw hole;

100: and a second screw hole.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a WIFI antenna structure according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, where the WIFI antenna structure may be applied to an AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle) automobile, an LED (Light-Emitting Diode) display screen, and the like. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an inner surface of a dielectric substrate of a WIFI antenna structure according to one or more embodiments of the present application. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the WIFI antenna structure includes a metal cavity 1, a dielectric substrate 2, an antenna 3 working at multiple WIFI frequency bands, and an SMA connector 4.

The dielectric substrate 2 is arranged on the metal cavity 1 and forms any one surface of the metal cavity 1; a clearance area 21 and a floor area 22 are arranged on the inner surface of the medium substrate 2 facing the inner side of the metal cavity 1;

the antenna 3 is arranged in the clearance area 21, is arranged inside the metal cavity 1, and radiates electromagnetic waves to the outer side of the metal cavity 1 through the clearance area 21;

the first end of the SMA connector 4 is fixed on the dielectric substrate 2, connected with the antenna 3 and used for feeding the antenna 3; the second end of the SMA contact 4 penetrates one surface of the metal cavity 1 and protrudes out of the metal cavity 1.

Wherein the dielectric substrate 2 is a PCB board and the floor area 22 is provided with a metal layer, such as copper. The antenna 3 may operate in the 2.4GHz band, the 5GHz band, etc. In consideration of the existing mode of feeding through the Cable wire, the distribution of the Cable wire needs manual operation, and the manual operation is easy to generate errors, so that when the antenna structures are produced in batches, the consistency among the antenna structures is poor; based on this, in the embodiment of the present application, the SMA connector is used for feeding, and the first end of the SMA connector 4 is fixed on the dielectric substrate 2 by wave soldering. Because the SMA connector 4 is fixed on the dielectric substrate 2 through machine operation in the wave soldering process, the accuracy of the machine operation is high, and errors are not easy to generate, so that the consistency among different antenna structures is ensured when the antenna structures are produced in batches. Through placing antenna 3 in metal cavity 1 in, the very big external environment that reduces WIFI antenna structure and is located of accessible metal cavity 1 is to the interference of antenna 3 for the radiation performance of antenna 3 can not change along with external environment's change, therefore makes WIFI antenna structure have better reusability and stability.

It should be noted that the drawings in the present application are only for illustration and not for limitation, and the metal cavity 1 is not limited to a rectangular parallelepiped, and may also be other three-dimensional structures such as a cube. The dielectric substrate 2 is disposed on the metal cavity 1 to form any one of the upper surface, the lower surface, the left surface, the right surface, the front surface, the rear surface, and the like of the metal cavity 1. The shape of the clearance area 21 may also be square, etc. The three-dimensional structure and size of the metal cavity 1, the surface formed by the dielectric substrate 2, the shape and size of the clearance area, and the like can be set in practical application according to the needs.

According to the WIFI antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the application, the dielectric substrate is arranged on the metal cavity to form one surface of the metal cavity; and arranging a clearance area on the inner surface of the dielectric substrate facing the inner side of the metal cavity, and arranging the antennas working at a plurality of WIFI frequency bands in the clearance area, so that electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands radiated by the antennas can be transmitted from the inner side of the metal cavity to the outer side of the metal cavity through the clearance area. Therefore, when setting up this WIFI antenna structure in other products (like AGV car etc.), with the regional corresponding region of surface and headroom region of medium substrate in the WIFI antenna structure, set up towards this other products direction from inside to outside, and set up the casing that this other products direction from inside to outside corresponds to non-metallic material (like plastics material) or take out the sky etc. can make the electromagnetic wave pass through the headroom region by the outside of metal cavity's inboard to metal cavity and propagate the back, continue to propagate along this other products direction from inside to outside, and no longer to the inside omnidirectional radiation of this other products, therefore reduced the loss of energy. And because the WIFI antenna structure is provided with the metal cavity, the metal cavity can greatly reduce electromagnetic interference caused by devices and the like outside the WIFI antenna structure to the antenna, so that the antenna performance is improved, and the application scene of the WIFI antenna structure is wider.

In one or more embodiments of the present application, the antenna 3 may include an inverted-F antenna and a cavity antenna operating in different WIFI frequency bands. As shown in fig. 2, the inverted F antenna may include: a ground branch 31 and a first radiation branch 32; wherein, the first end of the grounding branch 31 is electrically connected to the floor area 22, the second end of the grounding branch 31 is connected to the first end of the first radiation branch 32, and the grounding branch 31 is used for adjusting the impedance of the first radiation branch 32; both ends of the first radiation branch 32 are fixed on the clearance area 21 for radiating 2.4GHz electromagnetic waves. That is, the inverted F antenna can operate in the WIFI frequency band of 2.4 GHz. Further, the thickness of the grounding branch 31 and the thickness and bending degree of the first radiating branch 32 can be set by themselves in practical application, and are not limited in this application. Further, the inverted F antenna, which is one of the electrically small antennas, has the characteristic of omnidirectional radiation; through setting up the antenna of falling F in clearance area 21 in this application embodiment, and because the space in the metal cavity 1 is very little, the electromagnetic wave also hardly pierces through metal cavity 1, make the electromagnetic wave of the antenna radiation of falling F almost all propagate to the outside of metal cavity 1 through clearance area 21, therefore, when setting up this WIFI antenna structure in other products (such as AGV car etc.), as long as the casing of this other products sets up to non-metallic material or is drawn empty etc. with the part that clearance area 21 corresponds, can make the electromagnetic wave propagate to the outside by the inside of metal cavity 1 to the outside of metal cavity 1 through clearance area 21, continue to propagate to the outside by the inside direction of this other products through this non-metallic material or the region that is drawn empty, and no longer to the inside omnidirectional radiation of this other products, therefore reduced the loss of energy. As an example, a product including the WIFI antenna structure is shown in fig. 3, where an area a is an area corresponding to the clearance area 21, and the area a is made of a non-metallic material, so that electromagnetic waves radiated by the WIFI antenna structure can be radiated to the outside of the product.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, the cavity antenna includes a second radiation branch 33; a first end of the second radiating branch 33 is fixed to the clearance area 21, and a second end of the second radiating branch 33 is electrically connected to the floor area 22; the electromagnetic wave radiated from the second radiation branch 33 to the inner side of the metal cavity 1 is reflected by the metal cavity to form an electromagnetic wave of 5 GHz. That is, the cavity antenna operates in the WIFI frequency band of 5 GHz. The thickness, the bending degree, and the like of the second radiation branch 33 can be set by itself in practical applications, and are not particularly limited in this application.

It should be noted that the WIFI antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application can not only operate in a 2.4GHz frequency band and a 5GHz frequency band, but also operate in a 6GHz frequency band or even a higher frequency band by changing the antenna configuration; the change mode of the antenna configuration can be set in practical application as required, for example, the number of the second radiation branches 33 is increased, the width of the second radiation branches 33 is increased, and the like. Therefore, the WIFI antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the application can work in a plurality of different WIFI frequency bands, and has a wider application scene.

In order to obtain better signal gain and realize signal transmission, in one or more embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the WIFI antenna structure further includes a grounded coplanar waveguide 5 and an impedance transformation transmission line 6 disposed in the clearance area 21; wherein, the first end of the grounded coplanar waveguide 5 is connected with the first end of the SMA connector 4, and the second end of the grounded coplanar waveguide 5 is connected with the first end of the impedance transformation transmission line 6; the second end of the impedance transformation transmission line 6 is connected to the inverted-F antenna for adjusting the impedance of the inverted-F antenna. More specifically, the second end of the impedance transformation transmission line 6 is connected to the second end of the first radiating branch 32, and is used for adjusting the impedance of the first radiating branch 32 together with the ground branch 31, so that the impedance of the first radiating branch 32 matches with the impedance of the grounded coplanar waveguide 5. Further, since the impedance of the first radiation branch 32 is adjusted first and then the impedance of the second radiation branch 33 is adjusted in the manufacturing process of the antenna structure, and the impedance of the second radiation branch 33 is affected by the impedance of the first radiation branch 32, it can be considered that the impedance transformation transmission line 6 and the ground branch 31 have an indirect adjusting effect on the impedance of the second radiation branch 33.

Further, the SMA connector 4 feeds the inverted F antenna directly and feeds the cavity antenna in a coupling manner through the grounded coplanar waveguide 5 and the impedance transformation transmission line 6. More specifically, the SMA contact 4 directly feeds the first radiation branch 32 through the grounded coplanar waveguide 5 and the impedance transformation transmission line 6, and couples and feeds the second radiation branch 33 through the first radiation branch 32.

In one or more embodiments of the present application, the impedance transformation transmission line 6 is disposed in the clearance area 21 by a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) manufacturing process. Compared with the conventional method for realizing impedance transformation by a discrete device, the method for realizing impedance transformation by a distributed routing form of the PCB process reduces the manufacturing cost of the antenna structure because the SMT (Surface Mount Technology) patch process in the discrete device mode is reduced.

In one or more embodiments of the present application, a metal layer is disposed on an outer surface of the dielectric substrate 2 opposite to an inner surface of the dielectric substrate 2, as shown in fig. 2, a metalized through hole 7 is further disposed on the dielectric substrate 2, and the floor area 22 is in conduction with the metal layer on the outer surface through the metalized through hole 7.

Considering that the metal cavity 1 and the dielectric substrate 2 may be slightly deformed in the related manufacturing process, when the dielectric substrate 2 is disposed on the metal cavity 1, the dielectric substrate 2 may not be in sufficient contact with the metal cavity 1, and thus the grounding performance of the antenna structure may not be ensured. Based on this, in one or more embodiments of the present application, the inner surface of the dielectric substrate 2 is provided with the conductive foam 81, and the metal cavity 1 is provided with the assembling groove 82; the dielectric substrate 2 is disposed on the metal cavity 1, and the conductive foam 81 is inserted into the assembly groove 82. The number of the conductive foam 81 can be set as required in practical application, and in order to ensure sufficient contact between the dielectric substrate 2 and the metal cavity 1 and ensure sufficient grounding, preferably, at least two conductive foams 81 are provided. Taking two conductive foam 81 as an example, a schematic structural diagram of the conductive foam 81 is shown in fig. 5 (structures such as the antenna 3 are not shown), and correspondingly, as shown in fig. 4, two long side walls of the metal cavity 1 are respectively provided with an assembling groove 82.

In order to stably arrange the dielectric substrate 2 on the metal cavity 1, in one or more embodiments of the present application, the WIFI antenna structure further includes a first connection structure, and the dielectric substrate 2 is fixed on the metal cavity 1 through the first connection structure. In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the first connecting structure includes a connecting hole 91 disposed on the dielectric substrate 2, a screw 92, and a first screw hole 93 disposed on the metal cavity 1, wherein the screw 92 is screwed into the first screw hole 93 through the connecting hole 91, so as to fix the dielectric substrate 2 on the metal cavity 1, and the first screw hole 93 has a foolproof design, which ensures a correct assembly with the screw 92. It should be noted that the number and the positions of the connection holes 91, the screws 92 and the first screw holes 93 can be set by themselves according to the needs. The connection mode of the first connection structure is not limited to this, and the dielectric substrate 2 may be fixed on the metal cavity 1 by a latch, a buckle, or the like.

Further, it is considered that when the WIFI antenna structure is disposed in other products (such as an AGV car, an LED commercial display screen, etc.), the WIFI antenna structure may shake with the other products, thereby affecting the performance of the antenna. In order to avoid the WIFI antenna structure to rock in other products, and be convenient for set up the WIFI antenna structure in these other products, in one or more embodiments of this application, still be provided with second connection structure on the metal cavity 1, the WIFI antenna structure is fixed in the product including the WIFI antenna structure through this second connection structure. In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the second connecting structure includes a second screw hole 100, and the WIFI antenna structure is fixed in the corresponding product by a screw (not shown in fig. 4) matching with the second screw hole 100. It should be noted that, the second connection structure is not limited thereto, and structures such as a positioning column may be further disposed on the outer surface of the metal cavity 1, so as to fix the WIFI antenna structure in a corresponding product.

In one or more embodiments, the passive radiation efficiency of the WIFI antenna structure of the present application is as shown in fig. 6 and 7, where fig. 6 shows a graph of the passive radiation efficiency of the inverted F antenna, and fig. 7 shows a graph of the passive radiation efficiency of the cavity antenna. The horizontal axis values in fig. 6 and 7 represent frequency in MHz. As shown in fig. 6, the passive radiation efficiency of the inverted F antenna between the 2.4-2.5GHz band can be between 40% -50%; as shown in fig. 7, the passive radiation efficiency of the cavity antenna between the 5.15-2.58GHz band can be between 50% -70%. Under the condition that the interference of other metals except the WIFI antenna structure to the antenna is effectively reduced, the communication requirement of the currently required WIFI antenna can be met.

According to the WIFI antenna structure, the dielectric substrate is arranged on the metal cavity to form one surface of the metal cavity; and arranging a clearance area on the inner surface of the dielectric substrate facing the inner side of the metal cavity, and arranging the antennas working at a plurality of WIFI frequency bands in the clearance area, so that electromagnetic waves radiated by the antennas can be transmitted from the inner side of the metal cavity to the outer side of the metal cavity through the clearance area. Therefore, when setting up this WIFI antenna structure in other products (like AGV car etc.), with the regional corresponding region of surface and headroom region of medium substrate in the WIFI antenna structure, set up towards this other products direction from inside to outside, and set up the casing that this other products direction from inside to outside corresponds to non-metallic material (like plastics material) or take out the sky etc. can make the electromagnetic wave pass through the headroom region by the outside of metal cavity's inboard to metal cavity and propagate the back, continue to propagate along this other products direction from inside to outside, and no longer to the inside omnidirectional radiation of this other products, therefore reduced the loss of energy. And because the WIFI antenna structure is provided with the metal cavity, the metal cavity can greatly reduce electromagnetic interference caused by devices and the like outside the WIFI antenna structure to the antenna, so that the performance of the antenna is improved, and the application scene of the WIFI antenna structure is wider.

Based on the WIFI antenna structure provided by the above embodiment, an embodiment of the present application further provides a wireless communication device, where the wireless communication device includes the WIFI antenna structure provided by the above embodiment; the area, corresponding to the clearance area, of the outer surface of the dielectric substrate in the WIFI antenna structure is arranged towards the direction from inside to outside of the wireless communication device.

The wireless communication equipment comprises a mobile phone, a tablet personal computer, a reader, intelligent wearable equipment, a router, a remote controller and the like. It can be understood that all technical effects of the WIFI antenna structure of the wireless communication device are not described herein.

The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (11)

1. A WIFI antenna structure, comprising: the antenna comprises a metal cavity, a dielectric substrate, antennas working at a plurality of WIFI frequency bands and SMA joints;

the dielectric substrate is arranged on the metal cavity and forms any one surface of the metal cavity; a clearance area and a floor area are arranged on the inner surface of the medium substrate facing the inner side of the metal cavity;

the antenna is arranged in the clearance area, is arranged inside the metal cavity and radiates electromagnetic waves to the outer side of the metal cavity through the clearance area;

the first end of the SMA connector is fixed on the dielectric substrate, is connected with the antenna and feeds the antenna; the second end of the SMA connector penetrates one surface of the metal cavity and protrudes out of the metal cavity.

2. A WIFI antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the antenna includes: work in the inverted-F antenna and the cavity antenna of different WIFI frequency channels.

3. A WIFI antenna structure as claimed in claim 2, further comprising: the grounded coplanar waveguide and the impedance transformation transmission line are arranged in the clearance area;

the first end of the grounding coplanar waveguide is connected with the first end of the SMA connector, and the second end of the grounding coplanar waveguide is connected with the first end of the impedance transformation transmission line;

the second end of the impedance transformation transmission line is connected with the inverted-F antenna;

the SMA connector feeds the inverted F antenna directly and feeds the cavity antenna in a coupling manner through the grounding coplanar waveguide and the impedance transformation transmission line.

4. A WIFI antenna structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein the inverted-F antenna includes: a grounding branch and a first radiation branch;

the first end of the grounding branch is electrically connected to the floor area, and the second end of the grounding branch is connected with the first end of the first radiation branch;

both ends of the first radiation branch are fixed in the clearance area, and 2.4GHz electromagnetic waves are radiated;

and the second end of the impedance transformation transmission line is connected with the second end of the first radiation branch.

5. A WIFI antenna structure as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the impedance transformation transmission line is placed in the clearance area by PCB manufacturing process.

6. A WIFI antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the cavity antenna comprises: a second radiating branch;

a first end of the second radiating branch is fixed to the clearance area, and a second end of the second radiating branch is electrically connected to the floor area; and the electromagnetic wave radiated from the second radiation branch to the inner side of the metal cavity is reflected by the metal cavity to form the electromagnetic wave of 5 GHz.

7. A WIFI antenna structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the inner surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a conductive foam, and the metal cavity is provided with a mounting slot;

the medium substrate is arranged on the metal cavity, and the conductive foam is embedded into the assembling groove.

8. A WIFI antenna structure as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: a first connecting structure;

the medium substrate is fixed on the metal cavity through the first connecting structure.

9. A WIFI antenna structure as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that a second connection structure is provided on the metal cavity;

the WIFI antenna structure is fixed in a product comprising the WIFI antenna structure through the second connecting structure.

10. The WIFI antenna structure of claim 1, wherein a metal layer is disposed on an outer surface of the dielectric substrate opposite to the inner surface, a metalized via is further disposed on the dielectric substrate, and the floor area and the metal layer are in communication through the metalized via.

11. A wireless communication device, comprising: the WIFI antenna structure of any one of claims 1-10;

the outer surface of the dielectric substrate in the WIFI antenna structure and the region corresponding to the clearance region face the device from the inside to the outside.

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