CN213337031U

CN213337031U - Strain loader

Info

Publication number: CN213337031U
Application number: CN202022192641.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵方超; 李晗; 李泽华; 黄文明; 魏小琴; 胡滨
Original assignee: No 59 Research Institute of China Ordnance Industry
Current assignee: No 59 Research Institute of China Ordnance Industry
Priority date: 2020-09-30
Filing date: 2020-09-30
Publication date: 2021-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-30

Abstract

The utility model provides a dependent variable loader, including the rigid frame, be provided with sample fastener and adjustment mechanism on the rigid frame, be equipped with the card on the sample fastener and put the accommodation space of sample, adjustment mechanism is used for adjusting the position of sample fastener in order to realize changing the length of accommodation space. The strain loader provided by the utility model has a very simple structure, mainly comprises a simple frame, a clamping piece, a dial indicator and an adjusting screw rod, and has low manufacturing cost; the utility model provides a dependent variable loader can be used for the long-term loading of sample steadily, and the dependent variable loading process need not the driving system cooperation, and use cost is low.

Description

Strain loader

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to test apparatus, concretely relates to dependent variable loader.

Background

In the prior art, document CN210742005U discloses a tensile testing machine, comprising: the device comprises a laser extensometer, a driving mechanism, a first clamping mechanism and a first transmission mechanism, wherein the laser extensometer is used for detecting the strain of a sample; the rod part is provided with threads, and the first clamping mechanism is in threaded transmission connection with the rod part; the number of the first clamping mechanisms is multiple, the multiple first clamping mechanisms surround a sample clamping area, and the multiple first clamping mechanisms are uniformly distributed on the circumference; the driving mechanism drives the transmission disc to drive each transmission rod to rotate, so that each first clamping mechanism moves to enlarge or reduce the area of the sample clamping area; the laser extension instrument is used for detecting the strain quantity of the sample clamped by the first clamping mechanism. Document CN209606249U discloses a multi-sample tension-compression creep test device, which includes a rack, a high temperature box, a multi-sample fixing device, a strain measuring device, and a heating device, wherein the high temperature box is disposed on the rack, the multi-sample fixing device is disposed in the high temperature box, the multi-sample fixing device is used for clamping a sample and providing a stress for causing the sample to generate tension-compression creep (tensile creep or compressive creep), the heating device is used for heating or insulating the sample, and the strain measuring device is used for measuring the strain of the sample generating tension-compression creep in real time. The tensile testing machine and the testing device can realize strain loading, but the structure is complex, and the manufacturing and using cost is high.

In addition, the solid rocket engine has the characteristics of long-term storage and one-time use, and the most obvious performance change is the mechanical property of the solid propellant grains in the long-term storage process, so the storage life of the solid rocket engine is usually estimated by monitoring the mechanical property of the solid propellant in the field. At present, the research on the change rule of the mechanical property of the solid propellant under the non-strain state is mostly carried out at home and abroad, the actual stress state of the solid propellant in the solid rocket engine cannot be truly reflected, and therefore the practicability of the storage life of the solid rocket engine is extrapolated to be low. The research shows that the mechanical property change conditions of the solid propellant under the conditions of strain and no strain are different, and the observation under a microscopic electron microscope shows that gaps always exist between solid particles such as oxidant, aluminum powder and the like in the solid propellant and a binding agent, and under the action of strain, the microscopic defects can be expanded, aggregated and finally developed into macroscopic cracks. Therefore, it is a mainstream trend in the future to simulate the solid propellant under stress conditions in a solid rocket engine to perform related tests. In this respect, the problem to be solved in the first place is to simulate the stress of a solid propellant in a solid rocket engine, however, there is no simple loading tool in the prior art which can simulate the stress of a solid propellant sample in a solid rocket engine.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a simple structure makes and use the low dependent variable loader of cost.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

A strain gauge loader comprising a rigid frame, characterized in that: the sample clamping piece is provided with a containing space for clamping and placing a sample, and the adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the position of the sample clamping piece so as to change the length of the containing space. The utility model discloses in, accommodation space means the space that holds and the card put the sample.

Preferably, the sample engaging member comprises an upper engaging member and a lower engaging member, the upper engaging member and the lower engaging member are oppositely arranged on the upper engaging member and the lower engaging member to form a containing space, one of the engaging members is a fixed structure, and the other engaging member is connected with the adjusting mechanism. The utility model discloses in, because accommodation space comprises the groove of setting on two fasteners in opposite directions, when two fasteners removed in opposite directions, this accommodation space length diminishes gradually, and when two fasteners moved mutually back on the body, this accommodation space length grow gradually.

More preferably, the upper engaging piece is connected with the adjusting mechanism, the lower engaging piece is fixedly arranged on a lower beam of the rigid frame, and the length of the accommodating space is changed by adjusting the position of the upper engaging piece.

In order to improve the stability of the strain loading device, the lower clamping piece and the lower beam are integrally formed.

In order to further improve the stability of the strain loader, the rigid frame adopts a rectangular frame or a U-shaped frame. As a preference

In the scheme, the rigid frame adopts a rectangular frame.

In order to realize accurate loading of the strain, a dial indicator for detecting the displacement of the sample clamping piece is arranged on the rigid frame.

In order to realize the accurate loading of the dependent variable, a through hole is formed in the upper beam of the rigid frame, the dial indicator penetrates through the through hole and is fixed, the measuring head of the dial indicator vertically contacts with the sample clamping piece of the adjusting mechanism, and the axis of the measuring head of the dial indicator is parallel to the moving direction of the sample clamping piece.

In order to further improve the stability and accuracy of the solid propellant in the loading process and further reduce the use cost in the long-term loading process, the rigid frame adopts a corrosion-resistant metal frame or an engineering plastic frame, and the engineering plastic frame has to meet the strength requirement.

In order to further improve the stability of the strain loader, the two ends of the upper clamping piece are in sliding fit with the rigid frame side beam.

In order to simulate the stress condition of a solid propellant sample in a solid rocket engine stably for a long time. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the displacement adjusting mechanism comprises a first screw hole arranged on the lower beam, an axis of the first screw hole is parallel to the sliding direction of the upper clamping piece, an adjusting screw rod is arranged in the first screw hole in a matched mode, the top of the adjusting screw rod abuts against the upper clamping piece, and the upper clamping piece is driven to move by rotating the adjusting screw rod. In another preferred embodiment of the present invention: a top pin is arranged between the upper clamping piece and the lower beam, the lower end of the top pin is fixed on the inner side of the lower beam, the upper end of the top pin is over against the upper clamping piece, and the axis of the top pin is parallel to the sliding direction of the upper clamping piece; the displacement adjusting mechanism comprises a screw hole II arranged on the upper clamping piece, the axis of the screw hole II is parallel to the sliding direction of the upper clamping piece, a screw rod is arranged in the screw hole II in a matching mode, the upper end of the screw rod is located at the hole of the upper beam, the lower end of the screw rod is axially limited on the sample clamping piece or the ejector pin, and the upper clamping piece is driven to move by rotating the screw rod.

Has the advantages that: the strain loader provided by the utility model has a very simple structure, mainly comprises a simple frame, a clamping piece, a dial indicator and an adjusting screw rod, and has low manufacturing cost; the strain loading device provided by the utility model can be stably used for long-term loading of samples, and the strain loading process does not need the cooperation of a power system, so that the use cost is low; the utility model provides a dependent variable loader structure is small and exquisite, is convenient for transport and storage, and especially take up an area of the space minimum, accords with under the condition of safety requirement, can place the sample in the hundreds loading process and carry out the storage test in every proof box commonly used, and testing cost is extremely low.

More importantly: the utility model realizes the simulation of the stress condition of the solid propellant sample in the solid rocket engine by an extremely simple and ingenious structure, has very high precision, stability and reliability, and simultaneously leads the test (loading) operation to be very simple and fast (sample preparation to be fast); the strain loader not only can effectively ensure the consistency of a plurality of samples in the process of applying strain load, but also can flexibly and quickly realize high-precision strain load of 0.01mm level, can freely adjust the strain of the solid propellant according to the test requirement, has wide application range, can ensure that the solid propellant with the applied strain keeps unchanged in the processes of carrying, testing and storing, especially can be used for a long time in the storage environment, keeps the load unchanged in the storage process of months or even years, and has good application prospect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the principal direction (principal direction is also referred to as forward direction) of a strain gauge loader in example 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic principal view of an upper engaging member of the strain gauge loader according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a top down schematic view of the strain gauge loader of example 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic principal view of a lower beam of the strain gauge loader in embodiment 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the state of use of the strain gauge loader in example 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic principal view of a strain gauge loader in embodiment 2;

FIG. 7 is a schematic principal view of a strain gauge loader according to embodiment 3;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the principal direction of the strain gauge loader in example 4.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the following description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping understanding the principle and the core idea of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications to the present invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the strain gauge loader in this embodiment includes a rigid frame made of stainless steel material and having a rectangular structure, the rigid frame includes two side beams 13, an upper beam 12 and a lower beam 11, the upper beam 12 is connected to the side beams 13 through bolts, screw holes 15 are provided at two sides of the lower beam 11, the lower beam 11 is also connected to the side beams 13 through bolts and the screw holes 15, the thicknesses of the upper beam 12, the lower beam 11 and the side beams 13 are determined according to the use situation, and the thickness of each beam can be designed to be 10-20mm, and certainly, can be designed to be thinner or thicker under the condition that the strength requirement is met.

The rigid frame is provided with a sample clamping piece 8 and an adjusting mechanism, the sample clamping piece 8 is provided with a containing space 20 for clamping and placing a sample, and the adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the position of the sample clamping piece so as to change the length of the containing space 20. Specifically, the sample engaging member 8 includes an upper engaging member 81 and a lower engaging member 82, the upper engaging member 81 and the lower engaging member 82 are disposed in opposite directions, and the upper engaging member 81 is connected to the adjusting mechanism, and the upper engaging member 81 and the rigid frame side member 13 are slidably engaged with each other at both ends thereof, the lower engaging member 82 is fixedly disposed on the lower beam 11 of the rigid frame, and the lower engaging member 82 and the lower beam 11 are integrally formed, and the length of the accommodating space 20 is changed by adjusting the position of the upper engaging member 81.

Wherein, a dial indicator 2 for detecting the displacement of the sample clamping piece is arranged on the rigid frame. Specifically, be provided with through-hole 19 on the upper beam 12 of rigid frame, percentage table 2 wears to establish in through-hole 19 and is fixed, and percentage table 2 can be fixed on upper beam 12 through butterfly screw 5, and the gauge head of percentage table 2 contacts perpendicularly and connects adjustment mechanism's sample fastener, and the gauge head axis of percentage table 2 is parallel with the moving direction of this sample fastener.

Wherein, a top pin 10 is arranged between the upper clamping piece 81 and the lower beam 11, the lower end of the top pin 10 is fixed at the inner side of the lower beam 11, the upper end of the top pin 10 is opposite to the upper clamping piece 81, and the axis of the top pin 10 is parallel to the sliding direction of the upper clamping piece 81; the displacement adjusting mechanism comprises a second screw hole 16 arranged on the upper clamping piece 81, the axis of the second screw hole 16 is parallel to the sliding direction of the upper clamping piece 81, a screw rod 17 is arranged in the second screw hole 16 in a matching mode, the upper end of the screw rod 17 is located at the position of a hole 18 of the upper beam 12, the lower end of the screw rod 17 is axially limited on the ejector pin 10, specifically, the lower end of the screw rod 17 abuts against the ejector pin 10 but is not connected with the ejector pin 10, the upper clamping piece 81 is driven to move by rotating the screw rod 17, when the displacement adjusting mechanism is used, an inner hexagonal wrench is adopted to clockwise rotate the top of the screw rod 17 to drive the upper clamping piece 81 to move upwards.

In this embodiment, two dial indicators 2, two sets of displacement adjustment mechanisms, and five sets of engaging members 8 (the engaging member enclosing a containing space 20 is referred to as a set of engaging member) are arranged in parallel, and the five sets of engaging members 8 are used for engaging five sets of samples. The rigid frame, the sample clamping piece 8 and the displacement adjusting mechanism are all made of 304L stainless steel materials, and the surfaces of all the parts are subjected to oil removal and acid cleaning procedures. The top pin 10 is 55mm long, and the part with the length of 20mm at the bottom is built in the lower beam 11, i.e. the top pin 10 is suspended into the screw hole 15 and fixed by welding process, so that the distance between the top of the lower beam 11 and the bottom of the upper clamping piece 81 is about 70 mm.

The method for carrying out the strain loading on the solid propellant sample 14 by using the strain loader in the embodiment is as follows:

step 1, calculating the strain loading of a solid propellant sample 14; step 2, horizontally placing the strain gauge loader on an operation table, and adjusting the upper clamping piece 81 to an initial position (firstly, rotating the screw rod 17 anticlockwise to drive the upper clamping piece 81 to move downwards to the initial position), wherein in this state, the effective distance between the lower beam 11 and the upper clamping piece 81 just can accommodate the solid propellant sample 14; step 3, putting the solid propellant sample 14 into the accommodating space 20, wherein the state after putting the solid propellant sample 14 is shown in fig. 5; step 4, fixing the dial indicator 2 on the upper beam 12 and correcting to enable the measuring head 9 of the dial indicator 2 to be in non-pressure contact with the top surface of the upper clamping piece 81; step 5, adjusting the position of the upper clamping piece 81 according to the loading amount (clockwise rotating the screw rod 17 to drive the upper clamping piece 81 to move upwards), and taking down the dial indicator 2 after the adjustment is in place; if the required loading amount is 1mm, the screw rod 17 can be slowly rotated clockwise until the large pointer in the dial indicator 2 rotates for one circle (at the moment, the small pointer rotates for 1 grid), which indicates that the propellant strain amount is 1 mm; two adjacent scales of a large pointer of the dial indicator 2 represent 0.01mm, and two adjacent scales of a small pointer represent 1 mm; and 6, transferring the loader with the solid propellant sample 14 into a test environment to carry out a relevant test.

Example 2

The strain gauge loader in the present embodiment is described with reference to embodiment 1 and shown in fig. 6, and is mainly different from embodiment 1 in that: the displacement adjusting mechanism comprises a first screw hole 4 arranged on the lower beam 11, the axis of the first screw hole 4 is parallel to the sliding direction of the upper clamping piece 81, an adjusting screw 3 is arranged in the first screw hole 4 in a matching way, the top of the adjusting screw 3 abuts against the upper clamping piece 81, and the upper clamping piece 81 is driven to move by rotating the adjusting screw 3; when the device is used, the length of the upward top of the screw rod 3 is adjusted to be the loaded strain.

Example 3

The strain gauge loader in the embodiment is referred to embodiment 1 and is shown in fig. 7, and the main difference from embodiment 1 is that: the rigid frame is made of engineering plastics meeting the strength requirement and is of a U-shaped structure, the rigid frame comprises a side beam 13, an upper beam 12 and a lower beam 11, the upper beam 12, the side beam 13 and the lower beam 11 are integrally formed, the left end of an upper clamping piece 81 is clamped on the side beam 13 of the rigid frame, and the left end of the upper clamping piece 81 is in sliding fit with the side beam 13.

Example 4

The strain gauge loader in the embodiment is referred to embodiment 1 and is shown in fig. 8, and the main difference from embodiment 1 is that: an upper beam 12, a left beam and a lower beam 11 of the rigid frame are integrally formed, the upper end of the right beam is connected to the upper beam 12 through a bolt, and the lower end of the right beam is connected to the lower beam 11 through a bolt.

It should be noted that, although the foregoing examples only exemplify the scheme of loading five sets of solid propellant samples by using two dial indicators, this is not meant to be applicable only to these situations, and should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, and in the practical process, the scheme of using a plurality of dial indicators in other quantities and loading a plurality of other sets of products in other quantities should also be considered as an equivalent technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims

1. A strain gauge loader comprising a rigid frame, characterized in that: the sample clamping piece (8) and the adjusting mechanism are arranged on the rigid frame, the sample clamping piece (8) is provided with a containing space (20) for clamping and placing a sample, and the adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the position of the sample clamping piece so as to change the length of the containing space (20).

2. The strain gage loader of claim 1, wherein: the sample clamping piece (8) comprises an upper clamping piece (81) and a lower clamping piece (82), grooves oppositely arranged on the upper clamping piece (81) and the lower clamping piece (82) form an accommodating space (20), one clamping piece is of a fixed structure, and the other clamping piece is connected with an adjusting mechanism.

3. The strain gage loader of claim 2, wherein: the upper clamping piece (81) is connected with the adjusting mechanism, the lower clamping piece (82) is fixedly arranged on a lower beam (11) of the rigid frame, and the length of the accommodating space (20) is changed by adjusting the position of the upper clamping piece (81).

4. The strain gage loader of claim 3, wherein: the lower engaging piece (82) is integrally formed with the lower beam (11).

5. The strain gage loader of any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the rigid frame adopts a rectangular frame or a U-shaped frame.

6. The strain gage loader of claim 5, wherein: a dial indicator (2) for detecting the displacement of the sample clamping piece is arranged on the rigid frame.

7. The strain gage loader of claim 6, wherein: a through hole (19) is formed in an upper beam (12) of the rigid frame, the dial indicator (2) penetrates through the through hole (19) and is fixed, a measuring head of the dial indicator (2) vertically contacts a sample clamping piece connected with the adjusting mechanism, and the axis of the measuring head of the dial indicator (2) is parallel to the moving direction of the sample clamping piece.

8. The strain gage loader of claim 7, wherein: the rigid frame adopts a corrosion-resistant metal frame or an engineering plastic frame.

9. The strain gage loader of claim 8, wherein: the two ends of the upper clamping piece (81) are matched with the rigid frame side beam (13) in a sliding fit mode.

10. The strain gage loader of claim 9, wherein:

the displacement adjusting mechanism comprises a first screw hole (4) arranged on the lower beam (11), the axis of the first screw hole (4) is parallel to the sliding direction of the upper clamping piece (81), an adjusting screw (3) is arranged in the first screw hole (4) in a matching manner, the top of the adjusting screw (3) abuts against the upper clamping piece (81), and the upper clamping piece (81) is driven to move by rotating the adjusting screw (3);

or:

a top pin (10) is arranged between the upper clamping piece (81) and the lower beam (11), the lower end of the top pin (10) is fixed on the inner side of the lower beam (11), the upper end of the top pin (10) is over against the upper clamping piece (81), and the axis of the top pin (10) is parallel to the sliding direction of the upper clamping piece (81);

the displacement adjusting mechanism comprises a second screw hole (16) arranged on the upper clamping piece (81), the axis of the second screw hole (16) is parallel to the sliding direction of the upper clamping piece (81), a screw rod (17) is arranged in the second screw hole (16) in a matching mode, the upper end of the screw rod (17) is located in a hole (18) of the upper beam (12), the lower end of the screw rod (17) is axially limited on the sample clamping piece (8) or the ejector pin (10), and the upper clamping piece (81) is driven to move by rotating the screw rod (17).