CN213335469U

CN213335469U - Forehearth of cupola

Info

Publication number: CN213335469U
Application number: CN202022414612.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李爱红; 李国庆
Original assignee: Hubei Shengda Electromechanical Co ltd
Current assignee: Hubei Shengda Electromechanical Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-27
Filing date: 2020-10-27
Publication date: 2021-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 2030-10-27

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of smelting equipment, and discloses a forehearth of a cupola furnace. The utility model discloses a bell, furnace body and with the gap bridge of furnace body connection, seted up the slag notch on the lateral wall of furnace body, the tap hole and slag cleaning mouth have been seted up to the bottom of furnace body, be provided with on the furnace body with tap hole matched with tapping channel, be provided with on the furnace body with slag cleaning mouth matched with slag cleaning door. The utility model has the characteristics of easily clearance.

Description

Forehearth of cupola

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of smelting equipment, in particular to a forehearth of a cupola furnace.

Background

Cupola furnaces, which are important equipment for melting cast iron in casting production, are generally divided into a rear furnace and a front furnace. The forehearth of the cupola furnace has the functions of storing molten iron, making the components and temperature of the molten iron uniform, separating slag and purifying the molten iron, and the like. Nowadays, after the cupola furnace melts cast iron, sulfur slag accumulated in the forehearth needs to be completely removed, the forehearth is a hot furnace and is inconvenient to operate due to high temperature, the sulfur slag is easy to form blocks after the furnace is cooled, the sulfur slag is attached to the furnace wall and is hard, the sulfur slag needs to be removed by tools such as iron borers, and the cupola furnace is high in operation strength, long in time and difficult to clean.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a forehearth structure of a cupola furnace, which aims at solving the problem that the forehearth is difficult to clean.

The above technical purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: including bell, furnace body and with the gap bridge that the furnace body is connected, the slag notch has been seted up on the lateral wall of furnace body, taphole and slag cleaning mouth have been seted up to the bottom of furnace body, be provided with on the furnace body with taphole matched with tapping channel, be provided with on the furnace body with slag cleaning mouth matched with slag cleaning door.

By adopting the technical scheme, before the cupola furnace works, the slag removing door is fixed on the furnace body, the slag removing door and the furnace body can be fixed, and the furnace body and the inner wall of the slag removing door are embedded with refractory bricks and other furnace building materials to form a refractory layer. When the cast iron is melted, the molten iron and the slag in the rear furnace flow into the furnace body of the front furnace through the gap bridge. Because the password of slag exchange iron liquid is smaller, the slag can float on the upper part of the iron liquid and can be discharged out of the furnace body through the slag outlet. The molten iron flows out along the tapping channel after passing through the tapping hole, when the molten iron stored in the furnace body completely flows out, the slag cleaning door is opened immediately, the refractory layer at the slag cleaning hole is opened by tools such as a drill rod, and the slag such as sulfur slag accumulated in the furnace body is taken out from the slag cleaning hole by tools such as the drill rod. After the furnace body is cooled, the sulfur slag in the furnace body is easy to be agglomerated and attached to the furnace wall, and is not easy to be cleaned. The arrangement of the slag removing opening and the slag removing door can timely remove the slag such as the sulfur slag in the furnace body through the slag removing opening after the molten iron completely flows out of the furnace body, so that the slag removing device is simple in operation, convenient to remove and not easy to damage the furnace body.

It should be understood that the structure, interconnection and operation principle of the tap hole, the tap hole and the tapping runner matched with the tap hole on the furnace body are common in the market, so that the technical personnel in the field can not be influenced to understand the actual protection scope of the application even if the description is not given.

The utility model discloses a further set up to: the slag removing door comprises a door body and a sealing body fixedly connected with the door body, the sealing body is positioned on one side, close to the inside of the furnace body, of the slag removing door, and the periphery of the sealing body is close to one side of the door body.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of seal has increased the area of contact of slag door and slag removal mouth, has increased the seal between slag door and the furnace body, makes the furnace body when storing the molten iron, and the molten iron in the furnace body is difficult for revealing from between slag door and the furnace body, has improved the security performance when the forehearth uses.

The utility model discloses a further set up to: one end of the slag removing door is hinged with the furnace body, and the other end of the slag removing door is provided with an arc-shaped sealing surface matched with the slag removing opening

By adopting the technical scheme, the arc-shaped sealing surface arranged on the slag removing door can ensure that the slag removing door is attached to the inner wall of the slag removing opening through the arc-shaped sealing surface, so that a gap is not easy to generate between the slag removing door and the furnace body, the airtightness between the slag removing door and the furnace body is improved, and the safety of the furnace body is improved.

The utility model discloses a further set up to: and a material guide plate matched with the slag removing port is arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body.

By adopting the technical scheme, the slag cleaned from the furnace body passes through the slag cleaning port and then moves to the slag collecting position along the guide plate. The arrangement of the guide plate is not only beneficial to the slag to move out of the furnace body through the slag removing opening, but also ensures that the slag moving out of the furnace body is not easy to disperse around the slag removing opening, thereby preventing operators from being scalded and having high safety.

The utility model discloses a further set up to: and the furnace body is provided with a negative pressure device matched with the slag removing opening.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the slag in the furnace body is cleaned through the slag removing port, the temperature of gas near the slag removing port is higher, and the operation workers are easily scalded. The arrangement of the negative pressure device can extract gas near the slag removing opening, thereby not only reducing high-temperature gas near the slag removing opening, but also increasing the flow of gas near the slag removing opening, reducing the temperature of the slag removing opening and further improving the safety of the furnace body. Meanwhile, when the furnace slag is cleaned, dust with higher temperature is easily generated in the furnace body, the dust drifts out of the furnace body through the slag cleaning port, and the negative pressure device can extract gas at the slag cleaning port and the drifted dust in the gas, so that the dust is prevented from scattering out of the furnace body, and the harm of the dust to workers is reduced.

The utility model discloses a further set up to: the negative pressure device comprises a fan, an exhaust pipe connected with the fan and a support plate arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body, the support plate is positioned above the slag removing opening, and one end of the exhaust pipe, far away from the fan, penetrates through the support plate and is in threaded connection with the support plate.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because the backup pad is located the top of scarfing cinder mouth, the fan work, make certain negative pressure of production in the convulsions pipe, the exhaust column is because of the near gas of negative pressure extraction backup pad, extract near the gas of scarfing cinder mouth promptly, not only can make near the high temperature gas of scarfing cinder mouth and dust near the exhaust column pump away from the scarfing cinder mouth, and increased the velocity of flow of near the gas of scarfing cinder mouth, near the air flow outside the furnace body flows through the scarfing cinder mouth, reduce the temperature of the gas around the scarfing cinder mouth, thereby reduce near the high temperature gas of scarfing cinder mouth and the damage of dust to operating the workman in the scarfing cinder in-process.

The utility model discloses a further set up to: and the edge part of the supporting plate is provided with an air deflector.

By adopting the technical scheme, the arrangement of the air deflector can ensure that the gas near the slag removing opening enters the exhaust pipe under the guiding action of the air deflector, and is favorable for the gas near the slag removing opening and the scattered dust to be pumped into the exhaust pipe.

The utility model discloses a further set up to: the exhaust pipe comprises a first exhaust branch pipe and a second exhaust branch pipe, a water tank is arranged between the first exhaust branch pipe and the second exhaust branch pipe, the two ends of the first exhaust branch pipe are respectively connected with the water tank and the supporting plate, the first exhaust branch pipe is far away from one end of the supporting plate is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the water tank, the two ends of the second exhaust branch pipe are respectively connected with the water tank and the fan, and the second exhaust branch pipe is far away from one end of the fan is located at the top of the inner cavity of the water tank.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, be equipped with water in the water tank, the tip of first convulsions branch pipe is located the below the liquid level of water tank water, and the tip of second convulsions branch pipe is located the above liquid level of water tank water. Gas and dust near the slag removal opening are pumped into the water tank through the first air draft branch pipe, the gas in the first air draft branch pipe and water in the water tank are subjected to heat exchange, the temperature of the gas is reduced, and the cooled gas is pumped out of the water tank through the second air draft branch pipe. Thereby the dirt bits in the first convulsions branch pipe absorb, condense, gain weight very easily behind the water and be detained to aquatic, be difficult for taking out to the second convulsions branch pipe along with gas in. Above-mentioned technical scheme has not only reduced the gaseous temperature of exhaust column, alleviates the gaseous damage to exhaust column and fan of high temperature, and reducible dust in addition takes out to the fan, reduces the jam and the damage of fan, the life of extension fan, reasonable in design, economic environmental protection.

The utility model discloses a further set up to: the top and the bottom of the water tank are respectively provided with a water inlet pipe and a blow-off pipe, and the water inlet pipe and the blow-off pipe are respectively provided with a water inlet valve and a blow-off valve.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the change of the water tank water-logging of being convenient for and the discharge of deposit dirt are through the setting of inlet tube and blow off pipe, reasonable in design, easy operation.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. the arrangement of the slag removing opening and the slag removing door can remove the slag such as the sulfur slag in the furnace body through the slag removing opening after the molten iron completely flows out of the furnace body, so that the slag removing device is simple in operation, convenient to remove and not easy to damage the furnace body.

2. The negative pressure device can extract the gas near the slag removing port and scattered dust, so that the high-temperature gas near the slag removing port is reduced, the temperature of the slag removing port is reduced, the harm of the dust to workers is reduced, and the safety is high.

3. The setting of water tank has not only reduced the gaseous temperature of exhaust column, alleviates the gaseous damage to exhaust column and fan of high temperature, and reducible dust bits moreover takes out to the fan in, reduces the jam and the damage of fan, the life of extension fan, reasonable in design, economic environmental protection.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a first schematic structural view of an embodiment of a forehearth of a cupola furnace of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a forehearth of a cupola furnace of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of portion C of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a first cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a forehearth of a cupola furnace of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of portion D of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a second cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a forehearth of a cupola furnace of the present invention;

fig. 9 is an enlarged view of portion E of fig. 8;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of a slag removing door portion in an embodiment of a forehearth of a cupola furnace according to the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a furnace cover; 2. a furnace body; 3. bridging; 4. a slag outlet; 5. a taphole; 6. a slag removal port; 7. tapping a trough; 8. a slag removal door; 8a, a door body; 8b, a sealing body; 9. a material guide plate; 10. a fan; 11. an exhaust pipe; 11a, a first air draft branch pipe; 11b, a second air draft branch pipe; 12. a support plate; 13. an air deflector; 14. a water tank; 15. a water inlet pipe; 16. a sewage discharge pipe.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1: a forehearth of a cupola furnace, as shown in figures 1-10: including bell 1, furnace body 2 and the gap bridge 3 of being connected with furnace body 2, seted up slag notch 4 on the lateral wall of furnace body 2, taphole 5 and slag removing opening 6 have been seted up to the bottom of furnace body 2, be provided with on furnace body 2 with taphole 5 matched with tapping channel 7, be provided with on furnace body 2 with slag removing opening 6 matched with slag removing door 8.

The slag removing door 8 comprises a door body 8a and a sealing body 8b fixedly connected with the door body 8a, the sealing body 8b is positioned on one side of the slag removing door 8 close to the interior of the furnace body 2, and the periphery of the sealing body 8b is close to one side of the door body 8 a.

One end of the slag removing door 8 is hinged with the furnace body 2, and the other end is provided with an arc-shaped sealing surface matched with the slag removing opening 6.

The outer wall of the furnace body 2 is provided with a material guide plate 9 matched with the slag removing opening 6.

The furnace body 2 is provided with a negative pressure device matched with the slag removing opening 6.

The negative pressure device comprises a fan 10, an exhaust pipe 11 connected with the fan 10 and a support plate 12 arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body 2, the support plate 12 is positioned above the slag removing opening 6, and one end, far away from the fan 10, of the exhaust pipe 11 penetrates through the support plate 12 and is in threaded connection with the support plate 12.

The edge of the support plate 12 is provided with an air guide plate 13.

Exhaust pipe 11 includes first convulsions branch pipe 11a and second convulsions branch pipe 11b, be provided with water tank 14 between first convulsions branch pipe 11a and the second convulsions branch pipe 11b, the both ends of first convulsions branch pipe 11a are connected with water tank 14 and backup pad 12 respectively, the one end that backup pad 12 was kept away from to first convulsions branch pipe 11a is located the bottom of the inner chamber of water tank 14, the both ends of second convulsions branch pipe 11b are connected with water tank 14 and fan 10 respectively, second convulsions branch pipe 11b is located the top of the inner chamber of water tank 14 with the one end of keeping away from fan 10.

Exhaust pipe 11 includes first convulsions branch pipe 11a and second convulsions branch pipe 11b, be provided with water tank 14 between first convulsions branch pipe 11a and the second convulsions branch pipe 11b, the both ends of first convulsions branch pipe 11a are connected with water tank 14's top and backup pad 12 respectively, the one end that first convulsions branch pipe 11a and water tank 14 are connected is located the bottom of water tank 14's inner chamber, the both ends of second convulsions branch pipe 11b be connected in water tank 14's top and fan 10 respectively, the one end that second convulsions branch pipe 11b and water tank 14 are connected is located the top of water tank 14's inner chamber.

The top and the bottom of the water tank 14 are respectively provided with a water inlet pipe 15 and a sewage draining pipe 16, and the water inlet pipe 15 and the sewage draining pipe 16 are respectively provided with a water inlet valve and a sewage draining valve.

Before the cupola furnace works, the slag removing door 8 is fixed on the furnace body 2, the slag removing door 8 and the furnace body 2 can be fixed by a pin shaft, and the furnace body 2 and the inner wall of the slag removing door 8 are embedded with refractory bricks and other furnace building materials. When the cast iron is melted, molten iron and slag in the rear furnace flow into the furnace body 2 of the front furnace through the bridge 3. Because the password of slag exchange iron liquid is smaller, the slag can float on the upper part of the iron liquid and can be discharged out of the furnace body 2 through the slag outlet 4. The molten iron flows out along the tapping channel 7 after passing through the tapping hole 5, when the molten iron stored in the furnace body 2 completely flows out, the slag cleaning door 8 is opened immediately, the fire-resistant layer at the slag cleaning hole 6 is opened by a tool such as a drill rod, and the slag such as the sulfur slag accumulated in the furnace body 2 is taken out from the slag cleaning hole 6 by the tool such as the drill rod. After the furnace body 2 is cooled, the sulfur slag in the furnace body 2 is easy to be agglomerated and attached to the furnace wall, and is not easy to be cleaned. The arrangement of the slag removing opening 6 and the slag removing door 8 can timely remove the slag such as the sulfur slag in the furnace body 2 through the slag removing opening 6 after the molten iron completely flows out of the furnace body 2, so that the operation is simple, the cleaning is convenient, and the furnace body 2 is not easy to damage.

The setting of seal 8b has increased the area of contact of slag door 8 and slag notch 6, has increased the seal between slag door 8 and the furnace body 2, makes furnace body 2 when storing the molten iron, and the molten iron in the furnace body 2 is difficult for revealing from between slag door 8 and the furnace body 2, has improved the security performance when the forehearth used.

The arc-shaped sealing surface arranged on the slag removing door 8 can ensure that the slag removing door 8 is attached to the inner wall of the slag removing opening 6 through the arc-shaped sealing surface, so that a gap is not easy to generate between the slag removing door 8 and the furnace body 2, the tightness between the slag removing door 8 and the furnace body 2 is improved, and the safety of the furnace body 2 is improved.

The slag cleaned from the furnace body 2 passes through the slag cleaning port 6 and then moves to a slag collecting position along the material guide plate 9. The arrangement of the material guide plate 9 is not only beneficial to the slag to move out of the furnace body 2 through the slag removing opening 6, but also ensures that the slag moving out of the furnace body 2 is not easy to disperse around the slag removing opening 6, thereby preventing the operators from being scalded and having high safety.

When the slag in the furnace body 2 is cleaned through the slag removing opening 6, the temperature of the gas near the slag removing opening 6 is higher, and the operation workers are easily scalded. The arrangement of the negative pressure device can extract the gas near the slag removing opening 6, thereby not only reducing the high-temperature gas near the slag removing opening 6, but also increasing the flow of the gas near the slag removing opening 6 and reducing the temperature of the slag removing opening 6, thereby improving the safety of the furnace body 2. Meanwhile, when the furnace slag is cleaned, dust with higher temperature is easily generated in the furnace body 2, the dust drifts out of the furnace body 2 through the slag cleaning port 6, and the negative pressure device can extract the gas in the slag cleaning port 6 and the drifted dust in the gas, so that the dust is reduced to be scattered out of the furnace body 2, and the harm of the dust to workers is reduced.

Because the supporting plate 12 is positioned above the slag removing port 6, the fan 10 works to generate a certain negative pressure in the exhaust pipe 11, the exhaust pipe 11 extracts the gas near the supporting plate 12 due to the negative pressure, namely extracts the gas near the slag removing port 6, so that the high-temperature gas and dust near the slag removing port 6 can be extracted from the vicinity of the slag removing port 6 through the exhaust pipe 11, the flowing speed of the gas near the slag removing port 6 is increased, the air outside the furnace body 2 flows through the vicinity of the slag removing port 6, the temperature of the gas around the slag removing port 6 is reduced, and the damage of the high-temperature gas and dust near the slag removing port 6 to operators in the slag removing process is reduced.

The arrangement of the air deflector 13 can enable the gas near the slag removing opening 6 to enter the exhaust pipe 11 under the guiding action of the air deflector 13, which is beneficial to the gas near the slag removing opening 6 and the scattered dust to be pumped into the exhaust pipe 11.

The water tank 14 is filled with water, the end of the first branch draft fan 11a is positioned below the liquid level of the water in the water tank 14, and the end of the second branch draft fan 11b is positioned above the liquid level of the water in the water tank 14. Gas and dust near the slag removing opening 6 are pumped into the water tank 14 through the first air draft branch pipe 11a, the gas in the first air draft branch pipe 11a and water in the water tank 14 are subjected to heat exchange, the temperature of the gas is reduced, and the cooled gas is pumped out of the water tank 14 through the second air draft branch pipe 11 b. Dust in the first air draft branch pipe 11a is easy to absorb, condense and increase weight after meeting water, so that the dust is retained in the water and is not easy to be drawn into the second air draft branch pipe 11b along with gas. Above-mentioned technical scheme has not only reduced 11 gaseous temperatures in exhaust column, alleviates the gaseous damage to exhaust column 11 and fan 10 of high temperature, and reducible dust in addition is taken out to fan 10, reduces the jam and the damage of fan 10, prolongs fan 10's life, reasonable in design, economic environmental protection.

The arrangement of the water inlet pipe 15 and the sewage discharge pipe 16 is convenient for the replacement of water in the water tank 14 and the discharge of deposited dirt, and the device has the advantages of reasonable design and simple operation.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modification and modification made by those skilled in the art according to the above disclosure are all within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A forehearth of a cupola furnace, comprising: including bell (1), furnace body (2) and with bridge (3) are connected in furnace body (2), slag notch (4) have been seted up on the lateral wall of furnace body (2), taphole (5) and slag cleaning mouth (6) have been seted up to the bottom of furnace body (2), be provided with on furnace body (2) with taphole (5) matched with tapping channel (7), be provided with on furnace body (2) with slag cleaning mouth (6) matched with slag cleaning door (8).

2. A forehearth of a cupola furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the slag removing door (8) comprises a door body (8a) and a sealing body (8b) fixedly connected with the door body (8a), the sealing body (8b) is located at one side, close to the furnace body (2), of the slag removing door (8), and the periphery of the sealing body (8b) is close to one side of the door body (8 a).

3. A forehearth of a cupola furnace according to claim 1, wherein: one end of the slag removing door (8) is hinged with the furnace body (2), and the other end of the slag removing door is provided with an arc-shaped sealing surface matched with the slag removing opening (6).

4. A forehearth of a cupola furnace according to claim 1, wherein: and a material guide plate (9) matched with the slag removing opening (6) is arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body (2).

5. A forehearth of a cupola furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the furnace body (2) is provided with a negative pressure device matched with the slag removing opening (6).

6. A forehearth of a cupola furnace according to claim 5, wherein: the negative pressure device comprises a fan (10), an exhaust pipe (11) connected with the fan (10) and a support plate (12) arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body (2), the support plate (12) is located above the slag removing opening (6), one end of the fan (10) is far away from the exhaust pipe (11) and penetrates through the support plate (12) and is in threaded connection with the support plate (12).

7. A forehearth according to claim 6, characterised in that: and the edge part of the supporting plate (12) is provided with an air deflector (13).

8. A forehearth according to claim 6, characterised in that: exhaust column (11) includes first convulsions branch pipe (11a) and second convulsions branch pipe (11b), first convulsions branch pipe (11a) with be provided with water tank (14) between second convulsions branch pipe (11b), the both ends of first convulsions branch pipe (11a) respectively with water tank (14) and backup pad (12) are connected, first convulsions branch pipe (11a) are kept away from the one end of backup pad (12) is located the bottom of the inner chamber of water tank (14), the both ends of second convulsions branch pipe (11b) respectively with water tank (14) and fan (10) are connected, second convulsions branch pipe (11b) with keep away from the one end of fan (10) is located the top of the inner chamber of water tank (14).

9. A forehearth of a cupola furnace according to claim 8, wherein: the top and the bottom of the water tank (14) are respectively provided with a water inlet pipe (15) and a sewage discharge pipe (16), and the water inlet pipe (15) and the sewage discharge pipe (16) are respectively provided with a water inlet valve and a sewage discharge valve.