CN213300093U - Carbon-molecule gasification combustion organic garbage furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

A carbon-molecule gasification combustion organic garbage furnace comprises a furnace chamber, a grate, a gasification chamber, a combustion chamber and a convection heating surface. Organic garbage is gasified at high temperature and then is combusted by adopting low excess air, so that the source prevention and control are realized and the generation of harmful substances is reduced; the consumption is reduced from the element level, the environment is protected, the energy is saved, and the aims of low cost, correctness, harmlessness, volume reduction and energy utilization of the organic garbage are fulfilled.

Description

Carbon-molecule gasification combustion organic garbage furnace

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a carbon-molecule gasification combustion organic garbage furnace, in particular to a gasification combustion organic garbage furnace which reduces consumption, prevents and controls pollution, protects environment and saves energy from an element layer.

Background

The existing waste incineration treatment technology aims at achieving the purposes of harmless, volume reduction and recycling of waste. However, based on conventional recognition, direct incineration of waste and conventional pyrolysis methods are generally used for treatment. The existing incineration technology follows the traditional combustion technical route, and because the incineration temperature of a combustion chamber is low, serious harmful pollutants (the incineration is the manufacturing pollution) are inevitably generated; then, high-quality fuel is supplemented, and the high-quality fuel is combusted in a second combustion chamber by adopting a 3T technology and a high-consumption purification technology, so that the high-quality fuel is unstable and reaches the standard to be discharged. The existing pyrolysis method, because of the low temperature problem, also produces harmful pollutants, and needs to adopt the high-cost purification technology to deal with. Therefore, the incineration technology is difficult to realize high-efficiency energy utilization of garbage resources; in addition, the problems of complex process, large investment and high operation cost exist, and the wide popularization and application are limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model discloses to above-mentioned problem, the proposition has designed a molecular level's high temperature gasification organic refuse stove of burning, and it is earlier with organic refuse high temperature gasification, adopts low excess air burning again to prevention and control/reduction harmful production, the realization is from element aspect reduction consumption, prevention and control pollution, environmental protection and energy saving, has reached the purpose of rubbish resource high benefit energy utilization. The carbon-molecule gasification combustion organic garbage furnace comprises the following components: the main body is formed by a furnace chamber, a grate, a gasification chamber and a combustion chamber through the coupling of the complete oxidation reaction of a large-interface thin material layer and the forward reduction reaction mechanism of a small-section thick material layer; the small-sized furnace main body is of a single-layer steel plate structure; the large-scale furnace main body adopts a double-layer steel plate water jacket structure; the convection heating surface of the small-sized furnace is independently arranged on the main body to form a whole; the convection heating surface of the large-scale furnace can be independently arranged in a split structure. The gasification chamber is arranged in the furnace chamber; the grate is arranged at the lower part of the gasification chamber; the primary air pipe is arranged below the fire grate; the inspection door is arranged at the clearance position between the grate and the lower end surface of the gasification chamber, so that the high-temperature coking fault can be conveniently treated; the secondary air burner is arranged in the combustion chamber; the combustion chamber is arranged at the upper part of the furnace chamber; the combustion chamber is provided with a detection fire watching port, and the running working condition and the operation control data are requested from a matched instrument of the port and input into the master control chamber; the small-sized furnace adopts a natural ventilation structure, and secondary air is heated by the furnace chamber; the large-scale furnace adopts a mechanical ventilation structure, and secondary air can be heated in an independent structural mode.

The utility model has the advantages that: the carbon-molecule gasification combustion organic garbage furnace can realize high-benefit energy-saving clean utilization of garbage resources. The gasification combustion process has the advantages of controllable pollution, environmental protection, energy conservation, low resource consumption of a purification system and high cost performance. The main characteristics are as follows: the gasification intensity is improved by more than 5 times compared with the domestic and foreign advanced technology, and the occupied area of equipment is obviously reduced; the heat intensity of the volume of the combustion chamber is improved by more than 5 times compared with the advanced technology at home and abroad, and the generation of harmful substances can be prevented and controlled by high-temperature combustion, so that the raw material consumption of a purification system can be reduced, the operation cost is greatly reduced, and the benefit is increased.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a typical carbon-molecular gasification combustion organic waste furnace, which is composed of a grate power device 1, a grate 2, a gasification chamber 3, a communicating pipe 4, a secondary air burner 5, a furnace main body 6, a detection fire observation opening 7, a water outlet pipe 8, a flue gas outlet 9, a convection heating surface 10, a water inlet pipe 11, a combustion chamber 12, a feed opening 13, a feed power device 14, a feed pipe 15, a furnace chamber 16, an inspection door 17, a slag outlet door 18 and a primary air pipe 19.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated according to the accompanying figure 1: the carbon-molecule gasification combustion organic garbage furnace comprises: the slag outlet door 18, the inspection door 17, the furnace chamber 16 and the combustion chamber 12 form a furnace main body 6; the gasification chamber 3 is arranged in the furnace chamber 16; the grate 2 is arranged below the gasification chamber 3. The garbage is sent into a feeding pipe 15 from a charging port 13, the garbage is pushed into the gasification chamber 3 by a charging power device 14 to flow downwards, and slag formed by gasification is discharged from a slag discharging door 18 through a grate; the gasifying agent is fed from the primary air pipe 19 and flows upwards in the gasifying chamber 3 through the grate 2. The organic garbage and the gasifying agent are mixed in the gasifying chamber 3 according to the following steps: the high-temperature gasification is carried out by coupling the complete oxidation reaction of a large-interface thin material layer with the forward reduction reaction mechanism of a small-section thick material layer, the produced clean hot coal gas is discharged from the upper opening of a gasification chamber 3, low excess air (alpha is close to 1) is adopted to be mixed with the hot coal gas by a secondary air burner 5, the clean hot coal gas is completely combusted at high temperature (above 1100 ℃) in a combustion chamber 12 (the low-oxygen and high-temperature design can prevent and control/reduce the generation of harmful pollutants), the high-temperature flue gas is discharged from a flue gas outlet 9 through the heat exchange of a convection heating surface 10 (the generated steam/hot water is used for production and life), and then the purification treatment is carried out. The advanced advantages of the high-temperature gasification combustion process are as follows: the production of pollutants is prevented and controlled from the element level, the production of harmful substances is greatly reduced (according to garbage components, the original concentration of the harmful substances is extremely low and can even reach the standard), the original emission is colorless, tasteless and white-free, the consumption of raw materials of a rear purification system can be correspondingly reduced, the purification cost is greatly reduced, and the aim of high-efficiency energy-saving clean utilization of garbage resources is fulfilled.

The carbon-molecule gasification combustion organic garbage furnace shown in the attached figure has a furnace chamber 16 and a combustion chamber 12 which can be designed into a round/square structure according to requirements; the matched gasification chamber 3 is correspondingly designed into a round/square structure, and the gasification chamber can be made of metal/nonmetal; the inner cavity of the gasification chamber is of a structure with a small upper part and a big lower part, and the wall surface of the gasification chamber is provided with a communicating hole/channel; the matched fire grate 2 is correspondingly designed into a round/square structure; the overfire air burners 5 are also correspondingly provided in a circular/square configuration.

The carbon-molecule gasification combustion organic garbage furnace shown in the attached drawing can flexibly match and design a feeding device according to the variety and the treatment capacity of the organic garbage, and a small furnace adopts a manual operation structural form for feeding; the large-scale furnace adopts a mechanical structure form for feeding.

The carbon-molecule gasification combustion organic garbage furnace shown in the attached figure is suitable for various organic wastes (various biomasses, branches and barks packed in low density, medical wastes, animal carcasses and domestic garbage with the heat value of more than 3000 kcal/kg) and enables garbage resources to be efficiently utilized, energy is utilized and heat is generated.

Claims (3)

1. A carbon-molecule gasification combustion organic garbage furnace is composed of a furnace main body and a convection heating surface, and is characterized in that: in the furnace, a furnace chamber, a grate, a gasification chamber and a combustion chamber are designed according to the mechanism of the positive reduction reaction of a large-interface thin material layer coupled with a small-section thick material layer to form a main body; the small-sized furnace main body is of a single-layer steel plate structure; the large-scale furnace adopts a double-layer steel plate water jacket structure; the gasification chamber is arranged in the furnace chamber, the inner cavity of the gasification chamber is of a structure with a small upper part and a big lower part, and the wall surface of the gasification chamber is provided with a communicating hole/channel; the gasification chamber is made of metal/nonmetal; the grate is arranged at the lower part of the gasification chamber; the primary air pipe is arranged below the fire grate; the secondary air burner is arranged in the combustion chamber; the combustion chamber is arranged at the upper part of the furnace chamber; the combustion chamber is provided with a detection fire watching port; the inspection door is arranged at the clearance position of the grate and the lower end surface of the gasification chamber.

2. The carbon-molecule gasification combustion organic waste furnace of claim 1, wherein: according to the variety and the treatment capacity of the garbage, the furnace chamber and the combustion chamber can be designed into a round/square structure; the gasification chamber in the furnace chamber is correspondingly designed into a round/square structure; the matched fire grate (2) is also designed into a round/square structure; the secondary air burner (5) is also designed into a round/square structure.

3. The carbon-molecule gasification combustion organic waste furnace of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the convection heating surface of the small furnace is arranged on the main body to form a whole; the convection heating surface of the large-scale furnace is independently arranged in a split manner; the small-sized furnace adopts a natural ventilation structure, and secondary air is heated by the furnace chamber; the large-scale furnace adopts a mechanical ventilation structure, and secondary air can be heated in an independent structural mode; the fire grate of the small-sized furnace is manually operated by adopting a fixed structure; the fire grate of the large-scale furnace adopts a mechanical movable structure form to work; the small furnace adopts a manual operation structure for feeding; the large-scale furnace adopts a mechanical structure form for feeding.

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