CN213243538U - Multilayer clearance type surge protector - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multilayer clearance type surge protector, multilayer clearance module includes working electrode one, working electrode two, the gap electrode, a plurality of gap electrode range upon range of and separate each other in order to constitute range upon range of unit of n, the gap electrode at range upon range of direction both ends of range upon range of unit is the end electrode, all the other be common electrode, two end electrodes respectively with working electrode one, working electrode two electricity is connected, trigger circuit one is provided with k, the first end of every trigger circuit one is connected with a common electrode electricity respectively, the equal electricity of second end of every trigger circuit one is connected to working electrode two, trigger circuit two is provided with m, the first end of every trigger circuit two is connected with a common electrode electricity respectively, the second end of every trigger circuit two all is connected to working electrode one electrically. The utility model discloses utilize trigger circuit two to shorten the quantity that the discharge gap successive layer triggered, effectively reduce starting voltage.

Description

Multilayer clearance type surge protector

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an electrical protection technical field especially relates to a multilayer clearance type surge protector.

Background

The surge protector can be used for protecting surge caused by lightning effect and the like. The surge protector is arranged in a protected system, and when a surge is generated on a line in the system, the surge protector acts to limit transient overvoltage on the line and release surge current, so that various electronic and electric devices in the system are protected.

Present clearance type surge protector's course of operation is that the clearance of series connection range upon range of together carries out the successive layer and triggers, last clearance triggers can influence the start-up of next clearance, the clearance number of piles is more, the influence is big more, whole clearance type surge protector's trigger voltage is the stack voltage after all clearances trigger, consequently current multilayer clearance type surge protector's starting voltage is higher, be difficult to effectively reduce, compromise under the condition such as security and the interruption afterflow ability, space restriction, will reduce voltage protection level, starting voltage is less than 1500V extremely difficult even, the application receives the restriction.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem and the technical task that provides improve prior art, provide a multilayer clearance type surge protector, solve among the prior art multilayer clearance type surge protector and start the voltage under satisfying the high-breaking afterflow ability condition high, the protection effect is poor, is difficult to satisfy the problem of development demand.

For solving the above technical problem, the technical scheme of the utility model is that:

a multilayer gap type surge protector comprises a multilayer gap module and a trigger circuit module, wherein the multilayer gap module comprises a first working electrode, a second working electrode and gap electrodes, n gap electrodes are stacked and are insulated from each other to form a stacked unit, the gap electrodes at two ends of the stacked unit in the stacking direction are end electrodes, the rest are common electrodes, one end electrode is electrically connected with the first working electrode, the other end electrode is electrically connected with the second working electrode, the trigger circuit module comprises a first trigger circuit and a second trigger circuit, the first trigger circuit is provided with k strips, the first end of the first trigger circuit is respectively electrically connected with one common electrode, the second end of the first trigger circuit is electrically connected with the second working electrode, the second trigger circuit is provided with m strips, and the first end of the second trigger circuit is respectively electrically connected with one common electrode, and the second end of each trigger circuit II is electrically connected to the working electrode I, wherein n is more than or equal to 3, k is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n-2, m is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n-2, and n, k and m are integers. In the multilayer gap type surge protector of the utility model, two adjacent gap electrodes and the gap between the gap electrodes form a discharge gap, namely n-1 discharge gaps are connected in series between a working electrode I and a working electrode II, the utility model utilizes a trigger circuit II to trigger the discharge gaps on two sides of a common electrode connected with the trigger circuit II in advance, replaces the traditional mode of triggering one by one along the series direction, after the discharge gaps on two sides of the common electrode connected with the trigger circuit II are triggered and conducted, the layer-by-layer triggering can be simultaneously carried out in two directions of the working electrode I and the working electrode II, so that the number of stacked discharge gaps is reduced, the base number of the next discharge gap started under the influence of the impedance triggered by the previous discharge gap is reduced, the starting voltage is effectively reduced, and the protection performance of a product is improved.

Furthermore, the trigger circuit module comprises a circuit board for bearing a first trigger circuit and a second trigger circuit, the first trigger circuit and the second trigger circuit are arranged on different circuit boards, and the first trigger circuit and the second trigger circuit are respectively and electrically connected with the common electrode through pins arranged on the circuit board. The first trigger circuit and the second trigger circuit are respectively arranged on different circuit boards, and the work of the first trigger circuit and the work of the second trigger circuit do not influence each other, so that the work stability is improved.

Furthermore, the pin header is connected on a support used for fixing the gap electrode, so that the structural stability is improved, the pin header can be stably connected with the common electrode in a contact manner, and the triggering reliability of the discharge gap is ensured.

Furthermore, be provided with anticreep limit structure between row needle and the support, anticreep limit structure includes the jack that supplies row needle to pass that sets up on the support and the spacing portion that the external diameter that sets up on arranging the needle is greater than the jack bore. The situation that the row needle takes off when the assembly process and the surge protection are impacted is avoided, the electric connection reliability of the row needle and a common electrode is improved, the situation of poor contact is avoided, and the triggering reliability is improved.

Furthermore, one end of the row needle electrically connected with the common electrode is in an elastic bending shape, so that the contact stability of the row needle and the common electrode is improved, and the trigger reliability is ensured.

Furthermore, one end of the row pin, which is electrically connected with the common electrode, is pressed between the support and the gap electrode, and the support plays a sufficient fastening and limiting role on the row pin, so that poor contact caused by the force applied to the contact part of the row pin and the common electrode is avoided in the surge impact process, and the trigger reliability is improved; or the pin header is in contact connection with the side edge of the common electrode, which is not provided with the support, so that the contact area between the pin header and the common electrode can be increased, and the triggering reliability is improved.

Furthermore, the elements of the first trigger circuit and the first trigger circuit are arranged on the circuit board in a linear mode, the pin headers are arranged on two sides of the elements arranged in the linear mode, the layout is reasonable, the structure is stable, the pin headers can be in contact connection with two sides of the public electrode in a stable mode, and triggering reliability is improved.

Furthermore, the distance d between the pin header and the element is not less than (Up/3000) dk, wherein Up is the nominal value of the surge protector, dk is a safety coefficient, dk is not less than 1, surge voltage is borne between the pin header and the element when surge occurs, and if the surge voltage is punctured from the pin header to the device, triggering failure can be caused, so that the safety distance between the element and the pin header in the triggering process is ensured, and the probability of triggering failure is reduced.

Furthermore, the circuit board for bearing the first trigger circuit and the circuit board for bearing the second trigger circuit are arranged on the same side or different sides of the multilayer gap module in the stacking direction. When the two circuit boards are positioned on the same side, the number of the pin headers can be reduced, the risk of poor triggering is reduced, the more the pin headers are, the more difficult and complicated the processing and assembly are, and the difficulty in ensuring good contact connection between all the pin headers and the common electrode is caused; when two circuit boards are located at different sides, mutual influence can be reduced, and the working reliability is improved.

Furthermore, a gasket for insulating the gap is arranged between the adjacent gap electrodes, namely, the two adjacent gap electrodes and the gasket between the gap electrodes form a discharge gap, and the gasket can ensure a stable and reliable discharge gap distance between the gap electrodes, so that the overall performance stability of the multilayer gap type surge protector is ensured.

Further, the gasket for the sheet frame in fretwork district is seted up at the middle part, the fretwork district wholly is the rectangle form to bight is the fillet form, when receiving surge impact, the gasket can receive outside effort, fillet form bight can improve the structural stability of gasket, and it is impaired to reduce the deformation of gasket, ensures surge protection's through-flow performance. The radius of the fillet-shaped corner part is less than or equal to half of the width of the short edge of the rectangular hollow-out area; or the short edge of the rectangular hollow area is integrally arc-shaped, and the radius of the arc is larger than half of the width of the short edge of the rectangular hollow area. The structural stability of the gasket is improved, the deformation damage of the gasket when the gasket is impacted by surge is reduced, and the through-flow performance of surge protection is guaranteed.

Furthermore, the edge of the hollowed-out area is provided with an inner convex part protruding towards the middle of the hollowed-out area, so that the force distribution of the gasket can be changed, the impact on the gasket is reduced, the through-flow performance of surge protection is improved, the surge pulse is ensured to be gradually diffused to the periphery after being discharged from the middle of the gap electrode, and the electric arc generated by discharge is prevented from being sprayed outwards. Interior convex part is provided with a plurality of at the marginal interval in fretwork district, and further improvement gasket receives strength distributes, improves structural stability, avoids gasket deformation impaired, ensures surge protection's through-flow performance.

Further, be provided with the insulating layer between the side of the range upon range of direction of multilayer clearance module and the shell that is used for covering multilayer clearance module, multilayer clearance module can produce the heat when receiving the surge impact, and the heat leads to the shell to warp easily, can effectively improve the shell and receive thermal deformation after setting up the insulating layer between multilayer clearance module and the shell, improves the whole quality of product, guarantee life, the thickness of insulating layer be 0.3 ~ 2mm, guarantee compact structure when guaranteeing the thermal-insulated effect, avoid taking too much volume to lead to the device size to receive the influence.

Further, working pole one, working pole two on be connected with the outer card of pressing through the riveted mode respectively, multilayer clearance type surge protector receives the surge when assaulting, and the current carrying capacity to the working pole requires comparatively much, nevertheless if adopt one-piece type working pole, the processing difficulty, the cost is too high, the utility model discloses a mode of riveting the connection, the processing cost is low, also can ensure structural stability simultaneously, ensures good through-flow capacity.

Furthermore, the multilayer gap module is also provided with a voltage limiting circuit connected between the first working electrode and the second working electrode, the voltage limiting circuit comprises a voltage limiting element or a switch element or a combination of the voltage limiting element and the switch element, the voltage limiting circuit is used for limiting overhigh voltage, peak waveforms generated when the discharge gap is broken down are restrained, the residual voltage value is ensured to be in a lower range, and the response time of the multilayer gap surge protector can be shortened.

Further, the voltage limiting circuit comprises a piezoresistor, or a combination of one or more of a piezoresistor, a gas discharge tube, a gap formed by graphite electrodes, a gap formed by metal electrodes, a capacitor, a resistor container, an inductor and a thermistor.

Furthermore, the multilayer gap module is also provided with an indicating circuit for indicating the state of the multilayer gap type surge protector, the indicating circuit is connected between the working electrode I and the working electrode II, and when a surge passes and the multilayer gap type surge protector cannot work normally, the indicating state of the indicating circuit is switched due to voltage-resistant breakdown or overcurrent disconnection of a device in the indicating circuit, so that the working state of the multilayer gap type surge protector can be grasped visually in time, and maintenance and replacement operations can be carried out in time; or one end of the indicating circuit is connected with one of the working electrode I and the working electrode II, the other end of the indicating circuit is connected with the trigger circuit I or the trigger circuit II, and when the indicating circuit is connected with the trigger circuit I and the trigger circuit II, the indicating circuit can also indicate the working states of the trigger circuit I and the trigger circuit II.

Furthermore, the indicating circuit is connected with a voltage limiting circuit in parallel, the voltage limiting circuit comprises a voltage limiting element or a combination of the voltage limiting element and a switch element, the indicating circuit and the voltage limiting circuit are organically combined into a whole, the voltage limiting circuit is used for limiting overhigh voltage, restraining a peak waveform generated when a discharge gap is broken down, and ensuring that the indicating circuit can stably indicate the state of the multilayer gap type surge protector for a long time.

Furthermore, the indicating circuit comprises a fuse, a resistance container, an indicating lamp assembly, a resistor and an inductor which are sequentially connected in series, the voltage limiting circuit comprises a piezoresistor and a gas discharge tube which are connected in series, and a resistor or a gas discharge tube is connected between the common ends of the resistance container and the indicating lamp assembly and the common ends of the piezoresistor and the gas discharge tube between the indicating circuit and the voltage limiting circuit. Effectively limit too high voltage, guarantee that indicating circuit can long-term stable instruction multilayer clearance type surge protector's state.

Furthermore, the multilayer gap type surge protector is connected with a plurality of surge protectors through the bus bar to combine a multi-path protection mode.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses the advantage lies in:

the multi-layer gap type surge protector utilizes the second trigger circuit to trigger the discharge gap in advance, which is equivalent to shortening the laminated quantity of the gap unit triggered layer by layer, reducing the base number of the impedance after the previous discharge gap is triggered to influence the starting of the next discharge gap, effectively reducing the starting voltage and improving the protection performance of the product;

and multilayer clearance type surge protector compact structure, stable, trigger the reliability high, effectively improve the through-current capacity, job stabilization nature is good.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a connection between a multi-layer gap module and a trigger circuit module of a multi-layer gap type surge protector;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of a first trigger circuit, a second trigger circuit and a multi-layer gap module;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first circuit configuration;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second circuit configuration;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a third circuit configuration;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an anti-separation limit structure between the pin header and the bracket;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a first structure of the contact connection between the pin header and the common electrode;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the contact connection between the pin header and the common electrode

FIGS. 9(a) - (c) are schematic diagrams of three different pin header configurations;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of components on a circuit board;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of pins of the components on the circuit board;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of two circuit boards disposed on the same side;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a configuration in which two circuit boards are placed on different sides;

FIGS. 14(a) - (d) are schematic views of four different gasket constructions;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the structure of the thermal insulation layer;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the external connecting pressure card and the working electrode I;

FIG. 17 is a first circuit diagram of a connection indicating circuit between the first working electrode and the second working electrode;

FIG. 18 is a second circuit diagram of a connection indicating circuit between the first working electrode and the second working electrode;

FIG. 19 is a third circuit diagram of a connection indicating circuit between the first working electrode and the second working electrode;

FIG. 20 is a fourth circuit diagram of a connection indicating circuit between the first working electrode and the second working electrode;

FIG. 21 is a fifth circuit diagram of the indicating circuit;

FIG. 22 is a sixth circuit diagram of the indicating circuit;

FIG. 23 is a first circuit diagram of a voltage limiting circuit connected between the first working electrode and the second working electrode;

FIG. 24 is a second circuit diagram of the voltage limiting circuit connected between the first working electrode and the second working electrode;

FIG. 25 is a third circuit diagram of the voltage limiting circuit connected between the first working electrode and the second working electrode;

FIG. 26 is a schematic circuit diagram of the 1+1 protection mode;

fig. 27(a) - (n) are different types of flip-flop circuits.

In the figure: a plurality of layers of gap modules a; a trigger circuit module b; working electrode one a 1; working electrode two a 2; gap electrodes a 3; terminal electrode a 31; the common electrode a 32; a gasket a 4; a hollowed-out area a 41; inner protrusions a 42; bracket a 5; the external connecting and pressing card a 6; a first trigger circuit b'; a second trigger circuit b "; circuit board b 1; pin header b 2; element b 3; an indication circuit b 4; the voltage limiting circuit b 5.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a multilayer clearance type surge protector effectively improves trigger circuit, shortens the number of piles that needs the successive layer to trigger, effectively reduces starting voltage, improves the protective properties of product.

As shown in fig. 1, a multi-layer gap type surge protector mainly includes a multi-layer gap module a and a trigger circuit module b, where the multi-layer gap module a includes a first working electrode a1, a second working electrode a2 and a gap electrode a3, n gap electrodes a3 are stacked and insulated from each other to form a stacked unit, the gap electrodes at two ends of the stacked unit in the stacking direction are end electrodes a31, the rest are common electrodes a32, the first working electrode a1 and the second working electrode a2 are parallel plates, the first working electrode a1 and the second working electrode a2 are respectively located at two ends of the stacked unit, one end electrode a31 is electrically connected with the first working electrode a1, the other end electrode a31 is electrically connected with the second working electrode a2, a gap between two adjacent gap electrodes and a gap between adjacent gap electrodes forms a discharge gap, that is, n-1 discharge gaps are connected in series between the first working electrode and the second working electrode, the common electrode is a common end of two adjacent discharge gaps, and in order to ensure a stable and reliable discharge gap distance between the gap electrodes, a gasket a4 for insulation spacing is arranged between the adjacent gap electrodes a3, namely the two adjacent gap electrodes and the gasket between the adjacent gap electrodes form a discharge gap, so that the overall performance of the multilayer gap type surge protector is stable;

as shown in fig. 2, the trigger circuit module b includes a first trigger circuit b' and a second trigger circuit b ", the first trigger circuit is provided with k pieces, the first end of each first trigger circuit is electrically connected with a common electrode, and the second end of each first trigger circuit is electrically connected to a second working electrode a2, the second trigger circuit is provided with m pieces, the first end of each second trigger circuit is electrically connected with a common electrode, and the second end of each second trigger circuit is electrically connected to a first working electrode a1, wherein n is greater than or equal to 3, 1 is greater than or equal to k is less than or equal to n-2, 1 is greater than or equal to m is less than or equal to n-2, n, k, and m are integers, preferably, n is greater than or equal to 4, and a single common electrode is connected with only one of the first end of the first trigger circuit and the first end of the second trigger circuit, so that k + m is greater than or equal to n-2, as shown in fig., the first trigger circuit and the second trigger circuit are formed by one or more of a capacitor, a resistor, a piezoresistor, an inductor, a thermistor, a transient suppression diode, an air gap or a gas discharge tube.

In the embodiment, the second flip-flop circuit effectively plays a role in shortening the number of stacked trigger layers in the discharge gaps, as shown in fig. 3, only one circuit is arranged in the second flip-flop circuit, counting is performed from the first working electrode a1 to the second working electrode a2, the discharge gaps are F1 and F2 … … Fn-1 in sequence, the common electrodes of adjacent discharge gaps are a1 and a2 … … An-2 in sequence, the first flip-flop circuit is CX1 and CX2 … … CXk in sequence, only one circuit in the second flip-flop circuit is CY1, CY1 is connected to the common electrode At, and t is more than 2 and less than n-2;

firstly, CX1 triggers F1, and then CX2 triggers F2 again, that is, a first trigger circuit is used for sequentially triggering from F1 to Fn-1, and when CX1 triggers F1, CY1 triggers Ft and Ft +1 At two ends of At, the discharge conduction of Ft and Ft +1 establishes electrical continuity, and then layer-by-layer triggering is performed in two directions of a first working electrode and a second working electrode, that is, the number of layers required to be triggered layer by layer is reduced, the impedance after the trigger of the previous gap affects the base number of the start of the next gap, the start voltage is reduced, and the performance of the multilayer gap type surge protector is improved.

As shown in fig. 4, a plurality of paths are arranged in the second flip-flop circuit, the first ends of the first flip-flop circuits CX1 and CX2 … … CXk are respectively connected to the common electrodes a1 to Ak, the first ends of the second flip-flop circuits CY1 and CY2 … … CYm are respectively connected to the common electrodes Ak +1 to An-2, and under the action of the first flip-flop circuit, the first flip-flop circuits sequentially trigger from F1 to Fk, and simultaneously, under the action of the second flip-flop circuit, the discharge gaps from Fk +2 to Fn-1 are sequentially triggered more efficiently, so that the total response time can be effectively reduced;

as shown in fig. 5, the second flip-flop circuit is also provided with multiple paths, the first ends of the first flip-flop circuits CX1 and CX2 … … CXk and the first ends of the second flip-flop circuits CY1 and CY2 … … CYm are sequentially and alternately connected to the common electrodes of a1 and a2 … … An-2, and each path of the second flip-flop circuit plays a role in triggering a discharge gap in advance, so that the discharge gaps on two sides of the common electrode connected with the second flip-flop circuit are stably triggered, the number of layers triggered layer by layer is reduced, the base number of the starting of the next gap influenced by the impedance triggered by the previous gap is reduced, and the total response time can be effectively reduced.

As shown in fig. 1, the trigger circuit module b includes a circuit board b1 for carrying a first trigger circuit and a second trigger circuit, which are electrically connected to the common electrode through a pin b2 disposed on the circuit board, preferably, the pin b2 is further connected to a support a5 for fixing the gap electrode a3, so as to improve the structural stability of the pin, ensure that the pin can be stably connected to the common electrode in a contact manner, and ensure the trigger reliability of the discharge gap.

As shown in fig. 6, an anti-separation limit structure is arranged between the pin header b2 and the support a5, the anti-separation limit structure comprises a jack which is arranged on the support a5 and is used for a pin header to pass through and a limit part which is arranged on the pin header b2 and has an outer diameter larger than the caliber of the jack, the pin header b2 is effectively limited by the support, the pin header can be prevented from being pulled out in the assembling process, the pin header can be prevented from being pulled out due to the deformation of a trigger circuit board, the pin header can be prevented from being pulled out due to the force generated in the surge protector impact process, the reliable contact between the pin header and a common electrode is ensured, and.

As shown in fig. 7, one end of the pin header b2 electrically connected with the common electrode a32 is pressed between the support a5 and the gap electrode a3, the pin header b2 is substantially L-shaped, the support plays a sufficient fastening limiting role on the pin header, and in the process of surge impact, poor contact caused by the force applied to the part of the pin header in contact with the common electrode is avoided, so that the triggering reliability is improved; as shown in fig. 8, alternatively, the pin bank b2 is in contact connection with the side of the common electrode a32 where the support a5 is not provided, that is, the pin bank b2 passes through the support a5 and then extends to the side of the common electrode a32 where the support a5 is not provided, so that the contact area between the pin bank and the common electrode can be increased, and the triggering reliability can be improved.

As shown in fig. 9, one end of the pin header b2 electrically connected to the common electrode a32 is bent elastically, specifically, the pin header may be arc, spiral, wave, U, W, or V, and the like, so that the pin header can constantly maintain stress and elasticity, thereby improving the contact stability between the pin header and the common electrode, the pin header may be made of beryllium copper, tin bronze, or spring steel, the pin header may be subjected to surface treatment such as nickel plating, gold plating, silver plating, or tin plating, and the cross section of the pin header may be circular, diamond, rectangular, square, triangular, elliptical, kidney-shaped, or polygonal, or may be circular, diamond, rectangular, square, triangular, elliptical, kidney-shaped, or polygonal, and preferably, a round solid wire and a flat solid wire.

As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the first trigger circuit and the element b3 of the first trigger circuit are arranged on the circuit board in a linear manner, and the elements can be arranged on the front side and the back side of the circuit board respectively, the pin array b2 is arranged on both sides of the linearly arranged elements, and the distance d between the pin array b2 and the elements is greater than or equal to Up/3000 × dk, wherein Up is a nominal value of the surge protector and is in V, dk is a safety factor, dk is greater than or equal to 1, and d is preferably 1-3 mm.

The first trigger circuit and the second trigger circuit can be arranged on the same circuit board, in the embodiment, the first trigger circuit and the second trigger circuit are preferably arranged on different circuit boards b1, as shown in fig. 12, the circuit board for bearing the first trigger circuit and the circuit board b1 for bearing the second trigger circuit are arranged on the same side of the multilayer clearance module a in the stacking direction, the number of the pin headers can be reduced, the risk of poor triggering is reduced, the more the pin headers are, the more the processing and assembly are difficult and complicated, the difficulty in ensuring good contact connection between all the pin headers and the common electrode is caused, the reduction of the pin headers can improve the assembly connection reliability, and the trigger reliability is improved; as shown in fig. 13, the circuit board b1 for carrying the first trigger circuit and the circuit board b1 for carrying the second trigger circuit are disposed on different sides of the multilayer gap module a in the stacking direction, so that the first trigger circuit and the second trigger circuit can be prevented from affecting each other, and the working reliability can be improved.

As shown in fig. 14, the gasket a4 is a sheet frame with a hollow area a41 formed in the middle, the hollow area a41 is rectangular overall and has a rounded corner, when the gasket is impacted by a surge, the gasket will be subjected to an outward acting force, the rounded corner can improve the structural stability of the gasket, reduce the deformation of the gasket and damage the gasket, and ensure the current-carrying performance of the surge protection. Preferably, the radius of the fillet-shaped corner is less than or equal to half of the width dp1 of the short side of the rectangular hollow-out area a 41; or the short edge of the rectangular hollow-out area a41 is integrally in an arc shape, and the radius of the arc is larger than half of the width dp1 of the short edge of the rectangular hollow-out area a 41. Surge protector receives surge impact in-process, and the fretwork area a41 of gasket can receive outside effort about, and above-mentioned structural shape has changed the effort that the gasket received and has distributed, reduces the gasket and is washed out to improve surge protector through-flow stability.

As shown in fig. 14, an inner convex portion a42 protruding toward the middle of the hollow area a41 is disposed at the edge of the hollow area a41, so as to change the force distribution received by the gasket, reduce the impact received by the gasket, improve the current-carrying performance of surge protection, ensure that the surge pulse is gradually diffused to the periphery after discharging from the middle of the gap electrode, and prevent the arc generated by the discharge from being ejected outward, the width of the inner convex portion a42 located at the long side of the rectangular hollow area a41 is less than the half of the length dp2 of the long side of the hollow area a41, and the height is less than the half of the width dp1 of the short side of the hollow area a41, the width of the inner convex portion a42 located at the short side of the rectangular hollow area a41 is less than the half of the width dp1 of the short side of the hollow area a41, and the height is less than the half of the length dp2 of the long side of the hollow area a41, preferably, the width of the inner convex portion a42 is 0.2-3 mm, and the height is 2mm, and, the inner convex portions a42 may be distributed at intervals in the entire circumferential direction of the hollow area a41, or distributed symmetrically on the left and right of the hollow area a41, and preferably 2-5 inner convex portions are arranged on one side edge of the hollow area a 41.

As shown in fig. 15, a heat insulation layer d is arranged between the side edge of the multilayer gap module a in the stacking direction and the shell c for covering the multilayer gap module a, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 0.3-2 mm, the heat insulation layer d is made of high-strength insulating materials such as mica sheets, polytetrafluoroethylene sheets and ceramic sheets, the multilayer gap module generates heat when being impacted by surge, the heat easily causes the shell to deform, the heat insulation layer is utilized to avoid the shell from deforming, and the use stability is improved.

As shown in fig. 16, the working electrode a1 and the working electrode two a2 are respectively connected with an external voltage connection card a6 by riveting, the external voltage connection card a6 is used for electrically connecting with the outside, the external voltage connection card a6 can be connected with the working electrode a1 and the working electrode two a2 by a plurality of rivets, the rivets are made of metal materials resistant to electric erosion, preferably brass, and under the condition that the surge protector Iimp 15 kA-35 kA, the number of the rivets is preferably 2-4, the diameter of the rivets is preferably 2-4 mm, and the riveting connection mode can ensure structural stability, ensure good flow capacity and lower processing cost.

As shown in fig. 12, 13, and 17 to 20, the multilayer gap module a further includes an indicator circuit b4 connected between the first working electrode a1 and the second working electrode a2 for indicating the state of the multilayer gap type surge protector, specifically, when the multilayer gap module a fails to operate normally in the event of a surge, the indicator circuit is turned off by a breakdown voltage or an overcurrent in a device in the indicator circuit, so that the indicator lamp is turned off, thereby indicating the state in real time, and the microswitch operates to FM-operate and output a remote signaling signal when the heat reaches a threshold value.

As shown in fig. 18 to 20, the indication circuit b4 is further connected in parallel with a voltage limiting circuit b5, the voltage limiting circuit includes a voltage limiting element or a combination of a voltage limiting element and a switch element, the voltage limiting circuit can be a combination of a piezoresistor or a combination of a piezoresistor and a gap formed by a gas discharge tube and a graphite electrode, a gap formed by a metal electrode, a lightning protection device such as a capacitor, a resistor, a capacitor, an inductor, a thermistor, and the like, so that the indication circuit and the voltage limiting circuit are organically combined into a whole, the indication circuit can be used for indicating the state of the multilayer gap type surge protector, the voltage limiting circuit is also used for limiting an excessive voltage, a spike waveform occurring when a discharge gap is broken down is suppressed, and a residual voltage value is ensured to be in a lower. Specifically, the indicating circuit comprises a fuse, a resistance container, an indicating lamp assembly, a resistor and an inductor which are sequentially connected in series, wherein the resistance container is formed by connecting the resistor and the capacitor in parallel, the indicating lamp assembly can be formed by combining four protection diodes VD and a light emitting diode VL, the voltage limiting circuit comprises a piezoresistor and a gas discharge tube which are connected in series, and a resistor or a gas discharge tube is connected between the common end of the resistance container and the indicating lamp assembly and the common end of the piezoresistor and the gas discharge tube between the indicating circuit and the voltage limiting circuit.

As shown in fig. 21, one end of the indicator circuit b4 is connected to the second working electrode, and the other end is connected to the second trigger circuit, and as shown in fig. 22, one end of the indicator circuit b4 is connected to the first working electrode, and the other end is connected to the first trigger circuit. The indicating circuit b4 at least comprises an indicating lamp component and a resistor which are arranged in series, when a large surge passes through, the device in the indicating circuit breaks down due to voltage resistance or overcurrent, and the indicating lamp is broken off, so that the state is indicated in real time.

As shown in fig. 23 to 25, the multilayer gap module a is further provided with a voltage limiting circuit separately connected between the working electrode a1 and the working electrode b2, the voltage limiting circuit includes a voltage limiting element or a switch element or a combination of the voltage limiting element and the switch element, specifically, the voltage limiting circuit may be a combination of a piezoresistor or a piezoresistor and a gap formed by a gas discharge tube and a graphite electrode, a gap formed by a metal electrode, a capacitor, a resistor, a capacitor, an inductor, a thermistor and other lightning protection devices, the voltage limiting circuit forms a parallel relationship between the working electrode b1 and the working electrode b2 in a plurality of discharge gaps connected in series, and the voltage limiting characteristic is utilized to respond to a surge larger than a voltage-sensitive voltage, so as to reduce the total response time of the whole surge protection device.

As shown in fig. 26, the above-mentioned multilayer gap type surge protection device is connected to a plurality of other surge protection devices via a bus bar to combine a multi-path protection mode, which can effectively shorten a surge discharging path and provide surge protection performance. The product combination is easy, the number of basic modules is reduced, and the cost is reduced. Specifically, the above-mentioned multilayer gap type surge protector can form a 1+1 protection mode with the surge protector of the air release pipe module type through the busbar combination, that is, one working end of the multilayer gap type surge protector 1 and one working end of the surge protector 2 of the air release pipe module type are connected to the N end through the busbar 3, the other working end of the multilayer gap type surge protector 1 is connected to the PE end, and the other working end of the surge protector 2 of the air release pipe module type is connected to the L end, thereby realizing the protection between L-N and N-PE. By analogy, a 2+0 type circuit structure is formed by the multilayer gap type surge protector and other electrophoresis protectors, so that protection between L-PE and N-PE can be realized; the 3+0 circuit structure can realize the protection between two paths of L-PE and one path of N-PE; the 3+1 type circuit structure can realize the protection between three paths of L-N and one path of N-PE; the circuit structure in the form of 4+0 can realize the protection between three paths of L-PE and one path of N-PE.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and enhancements can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and enhancements are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (20)

1. A multi-layer gap type surge protector is characterized by comprising a multi-layer gap module (a) and a trigger circuit module (b), wherein the multi-layer gap module (a) comprises a first working electrode (a1), a second working electrode (a2) and a gap electrode (a3), n gap electrodes (a3) are stacked and insulated from each other to form a stacked unit, the gap electrodes at two ends of the stacked unit in the stacking direction are end electrodes, the rest are common electrodes, one end electrode is electrically connected with the first working electrode (a1), the other end electrode is electrically connected with the second working electrode (a2), the trigger circuit module (b) comprises a first trigger circuit and a second trigger circuit, the first trigger circuit is provided with k strips, the first end of each first trigger circuit is electrically connected with the common electrode, and the second end of each first trigger circuit is electrically connected with the second working electrode (a2), the second trigger circuit is provided with m trigger circuits, the first end of each second trigger circuit is electrically connected with a common electrode, and the second end of each second trigger circuit is electrically connected with the first working electrode (a1), wherein n is more than or equal to 3, k is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n-2, m is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n-2, and n, k and m are integers.

2. The surge protector of claim 1, wherein said first and second triggering circuit modules (b) comprise circuit boards for carrying first and second triggering circuits, and the first and second triggering circuits are disposed on different circuit boards, and said first and second triggering circuits are electrically connected to the common electrode through pins (b2) disposed on the circuit boards, respectively.

3. A surge protector of the multilayer gap type as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pin header (b2) is attached to a holder (a5) for holding the gap electrode (a 3).

4. The surge protector of claim 3, wherein an anti-separation limit structure is arranged between the pin header (b2) and the bracket (a5), and the anti-separation limit structure comprises a jack for the pin header to pass through arranged on the bracket (a5) and a limit part with an outer diameter larger than the caliber of the jack arranged on the pin header (b 2).

5. A surge arrester as claimed in claim 3, wherein the end of the pin header (b2) electrically connected to the common electrode (a32) is elastically bent.

6. A surge protector of the multilayer gap type according to claim 3, wherein the end of the pin header (b2) electrically connected to the common electrode (a32) is pressed between the holder (a5) and the gap electrode (a 3); or the pin header (b2) is in contact connection with the side edge of the common electrode (a32) where the support (a5) is not arranged.

7. A surge protector of the multilayer gap type as claimed in claim 2, wherein said first trigger circuit, the elements of the first trigger circuit are arranged linearly on the circuit board, and said pin headers (b2) are provided on both sides of the linearly arranged elements.

8. A surge arrester according to claim 7, wherein the pin (b2) is spaced apart from the element by a distance d ≧ (Up/3000) dk, where Up is the surge arrester nominal value, dk is a safety factor, and dk is ≧ 1.

9. The surge protector of claim 2, wherein the circuit board for carrying the first trigger circuit and the circuit board for carrying the second trigger circuit are disposed on the same side or different sides in the stacking direction of the multilayer gap modules (a).

10. A multilayer gap type surge protector according to claim 1, wherein a spacer (a4) for insulating space is provided between the adjacent gap electrodes (a 3).

11. The surge protector of claim 10, wherein the gasket (a4) is a sheet frame with a hollow area (a41) in the middle, the hollow area (a41) is rectangular as a whole, and the corner is in the shape of a rounded corner, and the radius of the rounded corner is less than or equal to half of the width of the short side of the rectangular hollow area (a 41); or the short edge of the rectangular hollow-out area (a41) is integrally in an arc shape, and the radius of the arc is larger than half of the width of the short edge of the rectangular hollow-out area (a 41).

12. The surge protector of claim 11, wherein the edges of the hollow-out areas (a41) are provided with inner protrusions (a42) protruding toward the middle of the hollow-out areas (a41), and the inner protrusions (a42) are provided in a plurality at intervals at the edges of the hollow-out areas (a 41).

13. The surge protector of claim 1, wherein a heat insulating layer (d) is provided between the side of the multilayer gap module (a) in the stacking direction and a housing (c) for covering the multilayer gap module (a), and the thickness of the heat insulating layer is 0.3 to 2 mm.

14. The surge protector of claim 1, wherein the first and second working electrodes (a1, a2) are each riveted with an external pressure-bonding card (a 6).

15. A surge protector according to claim 1, wherein the multi-layer gap module (a) is further provided with a voltage limiting circuit connected between the working electrode one (a1) and the working electrode two (a2), the voltage limiting circuit comprising a voltage limiting element or a switching element or a combination of a voltage limiting element and a switching element.

16. A surge protector according to claim 15, wherein the voltage limiting circuit comprises a varistor, or a combination of one or more of a varistor with a gas discharge tube, a gap formed by graphite electrodes, a gap formed by metal electrodes, a capacitor, a resistor container, an inductor, and a thermistor.

17. A multi-layer gap type surge arrester as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multi-layer gap module (a) is further provided with an indicating circuit for indicating the state of the multi-layer gap type surge arrester, the indicating circuit being connected between a first working electrode (a1) and a second working electrode (a 2); or one end of the indicating circuit is connected with one of the working electrode I (a1) and the working electrode II (a2), and the other end of the indicating circuit is connected with the trigger circuit I or the trigger circuit II.

18. A multilayer gap type surge protector according to claim 17, wherein a voltage limiting circuit is connected in parallel to said indicating circuit, and said voltage limiting circuit comprises a voltage limiting element or a combination of a voltage limiting element and a switching element.

19. A multi-layered gap type surge protector according to claim 18, wherein said indicating circuit comprises a fuse, a resistive container, an indicating lamp assembly, a resistor and an inductor connected in series in this order, and said voltage limiting circuit comprises a varistor and a gas discharge tube connected in series, and a resistor or a gas discharge tube is connected between said indicating circuit and said voltage limiting circuit between a common end of the resistive container and the indicating lamp assembly and a common end of the varistor and the gas discharge tube.

20. A multilayer gap type surge protector device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein said multilayer gap type surge protector device is connected to a plurality of surge protector devices by a bus bar to combine into a multiplex protection mode.

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