CN213162977U - Split type crystallizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a split type crystallizer belongs to the crystallizer field. The crystallizer body is connected with a water supply system communicated with the cooling water cavity; the inner peripheral surface department of crystallizer body is equipped with graphite ring and keysets from bottom to top in proper order, and wherein the graphite ring is put through with the continuous oil feeding system who passes the crystallizer body mutually, and the keysets top is equipped with hot top cap, and hot top cap top is pressed there is the clamp plate, and the clamp plate passes through to be dismantled between connecting piece and the crystallizer body and is connected. On the basis of overcoming the defects of the prior art, the crystallizer has the advantages of simple processing and assembly, easy installation and maintenance and the like, and can obtain cast ingots with better surface quality and internal tissues.

Description

Split type crystallizer

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the crystallizer field, concretely relates to split type crystallizer.

Background

In the current domestic industrial production, the common aluminum alloy round ingot casting technology mainly comprises direct cooling casting (DC casting), hot top casting, gas slip casting, electromagnetic casting and the like. Among them, hot top casting is most widely used in the casting of large round ingots due to the characteristics of good ingot quality, simple operation and maintenance, and the like.

The crystallizer is used as a key part for ingot forming and determining the quality of the ingot and can be divided into an integral crystallizer and a split crystallizer. The application with publication number CN101829766A discloses a crystallizer for semi-continuous casting of aluminum alloy, in which a graphite ring is coated with lubricating oil only before the casting is started, and the lubricating oil is quickly exhausted along with the casting, so that the surface quality of cast ingots is difficult to ensure. In addition, the application has the defects of complex processing and installation of the filtering device, overlarge primary cooling area and the like.

The crystallizer disclosed in application publication No. CN207288824U is an air slide casting crystallizer. With the increase of the ingot casting specification, the crystallizer has the disadvantages of difficult processing, large effective height of the crystallizer, difficult forming of an oil gas film and the like, and is more suitable for casting small-specification round ingots.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the present invention provides a split crystallizer to solve the disadvantages of the existing crystallizer.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:

a split type crystallizer comprises a crystallizer body, wherein a cooling water cavity is arranged in the crystallizer body, an end cover is arranged at the lower end of the crystallizer body, a sealing ring is arranged between the end cover and the crystallizer body to seal the cooling water cavity, and a water supply system communicated with the cooling water cavity is connected to the crystallizer body; the inner peripheral surface department of crystallizer body is equipped with graphite ring and keysets from bottom to top in proper order, and wherein the graphite ring is put through with the continuous oil feeding system who passes the crystallizer body mutually, and the keysets top is equipped with hot top cap, and hot top cap top is pressed there is the clamp plate, and the clamp plate passes through to be dismantled between connecting piece and the crystallizer body and is connected.

Further, the water supply system includes a joint and a hose, and the hose is installed on the mold body through the joint.

Furthermore, a filter screen is arranged at the water inlet end of the hose.

Furthermore, a water retaining ring is arranged in a cooling water cavity in the crystallizer body to divide the cooling water cavity into an inner cavity and an outer cavity, and a through hole is formed in the water retaining ring to enable cooling water in the outer cavity to enter the inner cavity.

Further, the water retaining ring is made of aluminum alloy.

Furthermore, the upper end and the lower end of the water retaining ring are correspondingly arranged in the grooves of the crystallizer body and the end cover.

Furthermore, two layers of cooling water holes are arranged on the inner wall of the crystallizer body opposite to the inner cavity, and the two layers of cooling water holes are distributed in a crossed mode around the circumference of the crystallizer body.

Furthermore, each cooling water hole is a stepped hole with a small water inlet end and a large water outlet end; wherein, the included angle alpha between the axes of the cooling water holes on the upper layer and the central axis of the crystallizer body is not less than 43 degrees, and the included angle beta between the axes of the cooling water holes on the lower layer and the central axis of the crystallizer body is not more than 25 degrees.

Furthermore, the graphite ring is in interference fit with the crystallizer body.

Furthermore, the pressing plate is connected with the crystallizer body through a stud.

Further, the end cover and the crystallizer body are both formed by numerical control machining of forged hard aluminum.

The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:

(1) continuous lubrication of the cast ingot is ensured; the continuous oil supply system is arranged in the crystallizer, and lubricating oil is conveyed to the graphite ring from the channel, so that a layer of uniform oil film is always arranged on the inner surface of the graphite ring in the whole casting process, the cast ingot and the crystallizer can be isolated by the oil film, and the smooth cast ingot surface can be obtained more easily due to the reduction of the friction force between the cast ingot and the crystallizer.

(2) The filtering device is simple; the filter screen is additionally arranged on the water inlet pipe joint and is fixed by the retaining ring, so that impurities in the cooling water can be effectively filtered, and uneven cooling of the circumference of the cast ingot caused by blocking of the cooling water holes of the crystallizer body by the impurities is avoided; the design can reduce the processing amount of the crystallizer body and does not relate to the sealing problem; the filter screen is simple to process and install, easy to replace and low in cost.

(3) The added adapter plate reduces the primary cooling area; because the adapter plate is arranged in the crystallizer body, the aluminum liquid almost begins to generate the skull in the middle of the crystallizer, compared with the prior art, the primary cooling area is reduced by nearly half, the influence of the air gap on the heat conduction is reduced, the influence on the surface segregation tumor reduction and the surface quality improvement of the cast ingot are greatly facilitated, and the quality of the cast ingot can be improved.

(4) A stepped double-layer cooling water hole; the double-layer water holes eliminate the sputtering phenomenon of the first layer of cooling water, so that the cooling effect can be obviously improved, and the water consumption is reduced; because of being close to the graphite ring more, congeal the shell thinner, intensity is lower, and the design of shoulder hole can reduce its pressure of acting on congealing shell unit area on the basis of not reducing cooling water flow to can further improve the water-viewing line, increase the secondary cooling region.

(5) The effective height is small; the crystallizer in the scheme has a small effective height of about 90-110 mm; the small effective height of the crystallizer can improve the crystallization speed of the cast ingot, increase the cooling strength and reduce the size of the transition zone, thereby generally improving the performance of the cast ingot.

In general, the crystallizer has a continuous oil lubrication system, and the primary cooling area is obviously reduced, so that the segregation layer on the surface of the cast ingot is thinner, and the turning amount is smaller. The double-layer stepped cooling water holes greatly improve the cooling efficiency and the cast ingot water line, so that liquid cavities are flatter and crystal grains are finer in the casting process. The whole equipment has the advantages of simple processing and assembly, easy installation and maintenance and the like; the method can save a large amount of cost for enterprises, produce the cast ingot with changed quality and has remarkable economic benefit.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and/or combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Drawings

For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, features and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 1.

Reference numerals:

the crystallizer comprises an end cover 1, a water retaining ring 2, a crystallizer body 3, a hot top cap 4, a stud 5, a pressing plate 6, an adapter plate 7, a graphite ring 8, a sealing ring 9, a filter screen 10, a cooling water hole 22, a cooling water hole 33, a continuous oil supply system 44, a water supply system 55, a connector 551, a hose 552, an inner cavity 31 and an outer cavity 32.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in the present specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.

Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in any way limiting the scope of the invention; for a better understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.

The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationships in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the terms according to specific situations.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a split type crystallizer includes a crystallizer body 3, a cooling water cavity is formed in the crystallizer body 3, an end cover 1 for plugging the cooling water cavity is disposed at a lower end of the crystallizer body 3, and a sealing ring 9 is disposed between the end cover 1 and the crystallizer body 3 to seal cooling water in the cooling water cavity. The crystallizer body 3 is connected with a water supply system 55 communicated with the cooling water cavity; this water supply system 55 includes joint 551 and hose 552, and hose 551 installs on crystallizer body 3 through a joint 552, and is corresponding, and the water inlet end of hose also is equipped with a joint, is equipped with filter screen 10 on this joint, and filter screen 10 can filter the impurity in the cooling water, prevents that impurity from blockking up cooling water hole 22, 33 on crystallizer body 3, causes the cooling inequality of aluminium ingot circumference.

The inner circumferential surface of the crystallizer body 3 is sequentially provided with a graphite ring 8 and an adapter plate 7 from bottom to top, wherein the graphite ring 8 is in interference fit with the crystallizer body 3, the graphite ring 8 is communicated with a continuous oil supply system 44 penetrating through the crystallizer body 3, casting oil is conveyed into the graphite ring 8 through the continuous oil supply system 44, and a layer of uniform lubricating oil film is formed on the inner surface of the graphite ring through the inner pores of the graphite ring under the action of pressure. A hot top cap 4 is arranged above the adapter plate 7, a pressing plate 6 is pressed on the top of the hot top cap 4, and the pressing plate 6 is detachably connected with the crystallizer body 3 through a connecting piece. The adapter plate 7 made of refractory material is pressed on the graphite ring 8 to play a role of transferring and injecting the aluminum liquid. The hot top cap 4 is pressed on the adapter plate 7, the connecting piece can be a stud 5 and is fixed on the crystallizer body 3 through the stud 5 and the pressing plate 6, and the functions of containing aluminum liquid to be cast and preserving heat are achieved.

In the scheme, a water retaining ring 2 is arranged in a cooling water cavity in the crystallizer body 3 to divide the cooling water cavity into an inner cavity 31 and an outer cavity 32, and a through hole is formed in the water retaining ring 2 to enable cooling water in the outer cavity 32 to enter the inner cavity 31. The water retaining ring 2 is made of aluminum alloy, the upper end and the lower end of the water retaining ring are correspondingly arranged in the grooves of the crystallizer body 3 and the end cover 1, and the cooling water cavity is divided into an inner cavity 31 and an outer cavity 32 by the water retaining ring 2. The cooling water in the outer cavity enters the inner cavity 31 through the through holes on the water retaining ring 2, thereby playing the roles of balancing the cooling water pressure and reducing the turbulence phenomenon, and simultaneously, filtering the cooling water again.

Because the inner wall of the crystallizer body 3 opposite to the inner cavity 31 is provided with two layers of cooling water holes 22 and 33, the two layers of cooling water holes 22 and 33 are distributed around the circumference of the crystallizer body 3 in a cross way. The cooling water in the cavity 31 is sprayed to the surface of the ingot through the cooling water holes 22, 33 to cool it.

In this scheme, end cover 1 and crystallizer body 3 are formed by forging duralumin numerical control processing.

1. Continuous lubrication of the cast ingot is ensured; the crystallizer is provided with a continuous oil supply system 44, and lubricating oil is conveyed to the graphite ring from the channel, so that a layer of uniform oil film is always arranged on the inner surface of the graphite ring in the whole casting process, the cast ingot and the crystallizer can be isolated by the oil film, and the smooth cast ingot surface can be obtained more easily due to the reduction of the friction force between the cast ingot and the crystallizer.

2. The filtering device is simple; the filter screen is additionally arranged on the water inlet pipe joint and is fixed by the retaining ring, so that impurities in the cooling water can be effectively filtered, and uneven cooling of the circumference of the cast ingot caused by the fact that the impurities block the cooling water hole of the crystallizer body is avoided. The design can reduce the processing amount of the crystallizer body and does not relate to the sealing problem. The filter screen is simple to process and install, easy to replace and low in cost.

3. The added adapter plate reduces the primary cooling area; during the casting process, the heat exchange between the molten aluminum and the crystallizer body is called primary cooling, and the heat exchange between the molten aluminum and the cooling water is called secondary cooling. In order to obtain a high-quality ingot, the remelting phenomenon on the surface of the aluminum ingot is avoided as much as possible even if the primary cooling area and the secondary cooling area are overlapped. The current technology does not allow to completely eliminate the primary cooling area and therefore should be as small as possible. In the scheme, the adapter plate is arranged in the crystallizer body, so that the solidified shell of the aluminum liquid is almost formed in the middle of the crystallizer. In contrast, the primary cooling area is reduced by nearly half, and the influence of the air gap on heat conduction is reduced, so that the method is greatly beneficial to reducing surface segregation tumors and improving the surface quality of the cast ingot, and the quality of the cast ingot can be improved.

4. A stepped double-layer cooling water hole; the aluminum liquid forms an outer layer skull after primary cooling, and along with the descending of the dummy ingot head, the cooling water in the cooling water cavity in the crystallizer body 3 is sprayed onto the aluminum ingot through the cooling water holes 22 and 33 for water quenching. This is also the primary cooling means during solidification of the aluminum ingot, where approximately 95% of the heat is removed. The cooling water holes are stepped holes with small water inlet ends and large water outlet ends, and the diameter of each stepped hole is phi 2-5 mm; the angle of the water holes in the first layer (upper layer) (namely the included angle alpha between the axes of the water holes and the central axis of the crystallizer body) is not less than 43 degrees, and the angle of the water holes in the second layer (lower layer) (namely the included angle beta between the axes of the water holes and the central axis of the crystallizer body) is not more than 25 degrees. The double-layer water holes can obviously improve the cooling effect and reduce the water consumption because the sputtering phenomenon of the first layer of cooling water is eliminated. Because of being close to the graphite ring more, congeal the shell thinner, intensity is lower, and the design of shoulder hole can reduce its pressure of acting on congealing shell unit area on the basis of not reducing cooling water flow to can further improve the water-viewing line, increase the secondary cooling region.

5. The effective height is small; the crystallizer in the scheme has a small effective height of about 90-110 mm. The small effective height of the crystallizer can improve the crystallization speed of the cast ingot, increase the cooling strength and reduce the size of the transition zone, thereby generally improving the performance of the cast ingot.

The working principle of the crystallizer is as follows:

before casting begins, cooling water enters the cooling water cavity of the crystallizer through a water supply system 55, and a continuous oil supply system 44 feeds lubricating oil into the graphite ring 8 to form a uniform oil film on the inner surface of the graphite ring. The dummy ingot head rises to the position below the graphite ring 8 to form a cavity chamber capable of containing aluminum liquid with the crystallizer. Molten aluminum enters the hot top cap 4 under the distribution of the horizontal flow grooves and then is injected into a cavity of the crystallizer and the dummy bar head. The aluminum liquid forms a solidified shell due to the heat exchange between the aluminum liquid and the crystallizer and leaves the crystallizer along with the solidification shrinkage of the aluminum liquid and the lubricating and demoulding action of an oil film. At this time, the dummy bar head descends at a set casting speed, cooling water impacts the cast ingot from the cooling water holes 22 and 33 to solidify the cast ingot from outside to inside. And the dummy bar head gradually moves downwards along with the solidification of the cast ingot to finish casting.

Finally, the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A split type crystallizer comprises a crystallizer body and is characterized in that: a cooling water cavity is arranged in the crystallizer body, an end cover is arranged at the lower end of the crystallizer body, a sealing ring is arranged between the end cover and the crystallizer body to seal the cooling water cavity, and a water supply system communicated with the cooling water cavity is connected to the crystallizer body; the inner peripheral surface department of crystallizer body is equipped with graphite ring and keysets from bottom to top in proper order, and wherein the graphite ring is put through with the continuous oil feeding system who passes the crystallizer body mutually, and the keysets top is equipped with hot top cap, and hot top cap top is pressed there is the clamp plate, and the clamp plate passes through to be dismantled between connecting piece and the crystallizer body and is connected.

2. The split crystallizer of claim 1, wherein: the water supply system comprises a joint and a hose, and the hose is arranged on the crystallizer body through the joint.

3. The split crystallizer of claim 2, wherein: the water inlet end of the hose is provided with a filter screen.

4. The split crystallizer of claim 1, wherein: the cooling water cavity in the crystallizer body is internally provided with a water retaining ring to divide the cooling water cavity into an inner cavity and an outer cavity, and the water retaining ring is provided with a through hole to enable cooling water in the outer cavity to enter the inner cavity.

5. The split crystallizer of claim 4, wherein: the water retaining ring is made of aluminum alloy.

6. The split crystallizer of claim 4, wherein: the upper end and the lower end of the water retaining ring are correspondingly arranged in the grooves of the crystallizer body and the end cover.

7. The split crystallizer of claim 4, wherein: two layers of cooling water holes are arranged on the inner wall of the crystallizer body opposite to the inner cavity, and the two layers of cooling water holes are distributed in a crossed mode around the circumference of the crystallizer body.

8. The split crystallizer of claim 7, wherein: each cooling water hole is a stepped hole with a small water inlet end and a large water outlet end; wherein, the included angle alpha between the axes of the cooling water holes on the upper layer and the central axis of the crystallizer body is not less than 43 degrees, and the included angle beta between the axes of the cooling water holes on the lower layer and the central axis of the crystallizer body is not more than 25 degrees.

9. The split crystallizer of claim 1, wherein: the graphite ring is in interference fit with the crystallizer body.

10. The split crystallizer of claim 1, wherein: the end cover and the crystallizer body are both formed by numerical control machining of forged hard aluminum.

Images