CN213052899U

CN213052899U - Curved surface thin wall part milling process monitoring devices

Info

Publication number: CN213052899U
Application number: CN202020383673.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 靳刚; 张鑫雨; 李占杰; 黄旭栋; 崔良玉; 胡高峰; 韩建鑫; 霍文国
Original assignee: Wuxi Xinxurun Technology Co ltd; Tianjin University of Technology and Education China Vocational Training Instructor Training Center
Current assignee: Wuxi Xinxurun Technology Co ltd; Tianjin University of Technology and Education China Vocational Training Instructor Training Center
Priority date: 2020-03-24
Filing date: 2020-03-24
Publication date: 2021-04-27
Anticipated expiration: 2030-03-24

Abstract

The utility model discloses a curved surface thin wall part milling process monitoring devices, including Y axle device and X axle device, the X axle device is the linear displacement motion in Y axle device upper end, the Z axle device is the linear displacement motion in X axle device upper end, and the displacement direction of Z axle device is perpendicular with the displacement direction of X axle device, Z axle device includes Z axle adjustment frame, mount and Z axle base, Z axle base slidable mounting is in X axle device upper end, mount fixed mounting is in Z axle base upper end, Z axle adjustment frame movable mounting is at the mount side. The utility model relates to an on-line monitoring device, in particular to curved surface thin wall part milling process monitoring devices belongs to curved surface thin wall parts machining technical field. The technical problems of cutting point time variation, curvature time variation, sensor tracking displacement, corner time variation and the like in the real-time online monitoring process of the machining deformation and vibration of the thin-wall curved surface part are solved.

Description

Curved surface thin wall part milling process monitoring devices

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an on-line monitoring device, in particular to curved surface thin wall part milling process monitoring devices belongs to curved surface thin wall parts machining technical field.

Background

The curved surface thin-wall part is widely applied to the national important industrial fields of aerospace, automobiles, national defense and the like due to the characteristics of high strength, light weight, high bearing performance and the like. The curved surface thin-wall part is mainly processed by a numerical control milling method, and the processing process is accompanied with serious processing deformation and cutting vibration, so that the dimensional precision and the surface quality of the part are deteriorated. As is known, the development of on-line control is an effective method for ensuring the processing process of thin-wall parts, and the development of reasonable and effective vibration and deformation on-line monitoring on the processing process of thin-wall parts is an important premise for realizing control.

At present, the means for acquiring the vibration and deformation of the curved surface part during the machining process is mainly numerical simulation. The basic idea is to use software such as ANSYS, ABQUS and the like to simulate cutting processing to obtain deformation and vibration. The method has many model simplifications (such as cutting force, cutting process, boundary conditions and the like), and the simulation result has large error, so the method can only be used as reference and is basically not practical. On-line monitoring is an important method for obtaining the vibration and deformation of thin-wall part machining, and is also the most direct and practical method. For example, the methods comprise a thin-wall part milling system with deformation real-time compensation (publication No. CN106271861A), a follow-up supporting clamp for milling the thin-wall part (publication No. CN104889757A), a fluid follow-up auxiliary supporting device for processing the thin-wall part (publication No. CN106736645A), and a multi-manipulator follow-up restraining device for milling vibration of the thin-wall part (CN104589147A), the methods all use a plane thin-wall part as an object, a clamp is fixed on a machine tool spindle to clamp a laser sensor, and the sensor translates along with the spindle in a single direction to further achieve online data acquisition. There are therefore two important problems with the method: the feasible premise of the method is that the normal line of the plane of the thin-wall part is parallel to the x axis and the y axis of the machine tool, namely the method is not applicable to the spindle combination motion of two or more axes, so that the method cannot be applied to inclined plane parts. The method is not suitable for the curved surface parts in consideration of the problems of complex curvature of the curved surface parts, time-varying cutting point curved surface normal, time-varying follow-up monitoring displacement and the like. From the analysis, the real-time online monitoring technology for the machining process of the thin-wall curved surface part is still blank at present. High-precision machining of typical aerospace thin-wall curved surface parts such as engine impellers, blades, rocket gas rudders and the like is a national strategic demand, so that a reasonable and effective online monitoring technology for the machining process of the thin-wall curved surface parts is provided, and effective suppression of vibration and deformation of the thin-wall curved surface parts is realized to improve the machining quality and precision of the thin-wall curved surface parts.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a curved surface thin wall part milling process monitoring devices to solve the problem that proposes among the above-mentioned background art.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: curved surface thin wall part milling process monitoring devices, including Y axle device and X axle device, the linear displacement motion is done in Y axle device upper end to X axle device, the linear displacement motion is done in X axle device upper end to Z axle device, and the displacement direction of Z axle device is perpendicular with the displacement direction of X axle device, Z axle device includes Z axle adjustment frame, mount and Z axle base, Z axle base slidable mounting is in X axle device upper end, mount fixed mounting is in Z axle base upper end, Z axle adjustment frame movable mounting is at the mount side, just displacement motion about Z axle adjustment frame is done through Z axle adjustment mechanism, Z axle adjustment frame upper end is rotated and is connected with the revolving stage, the revolving stage is rotary motion through rotating drive servo motor, revolving stage upper end one side fixed mounting has laser sensor.

As an optimal technical scheme of the utility model, still include thin wall curved surface thin wall spare, the initial distance value of laser sensor and thin wall curved surface thin wall spare measured point is the minimum radius of curvature of thin wall curved surface thin wall spare curved surface.

As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, Z axle adjustment mechanism includes adjusting bolt, adjusting bolt rotates to be installed between mount top and Z axle base, adjusting bolt upper end runs through mount top fixedly connected with adjusting nut, the mount rotates and installs on adjusting bolt, the slot hole has been seted up to the mount side, still includes fixing bolt, fixing bolt runs through slot hole and Z axle adjustment frame fixed connection.

As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, Z axle adjustment frame is the shape of falling L, and upper end bulge end semicircular in shape, rotation drive servo motor fixed mounting is in Z axle adjustment frame upper end bulge below.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

the utility model discloses effectively compensatied and to have been applicable to general operating mode such as thin wall inclined plane or thin wall curved surface part among the prior art, technology application scope is little, the relatively poor grade of practicality is showing the defect, solved thin wall curved surface part processing deformation and vibration real-time on-line monitoring in-process related cutting point time-varying, camber time-varying, sensor tracking displacement and corner time-varying technical problem.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the monitoring track of the laser sensor in the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the monitoring device of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is the structure schematic diagram of the on-line monitoring device of the present invention

FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a-a in fig. 4.

In the figure: 1. a computer; 2. a monitoring start/end indication module; 3. an online motion control module; 4. A deformation vibration data collection module; 5. a vibration data acquisition module; 6. a digital/analog conversion module; 7. a PLC control system; 8. an X-axis translation driver; 9. a Y-axis translation driver; 10. rotating the drive about the Z axis; 11. a spindle system; 12. a patch sensor; 13. a thin-walled curved thin-walled part; 14. a device for monitoring milling of curved surface thin-wall parts; 17. a Y-axis device; 18. an X-axis device; 19. a Z-axis device; 20. a Y-direction base; 21. buckling; 22. a Y-direction light bar; 23. a Y-direction servo motor; 24. a Y-direction lead screw; 25. a Y-direction guide rail; 26. y-direction guide rail grooves; 27. a base in the X direction; 28. a screw rod in the X direction; 29. an X-direction servo motor; 30. An X-direction lead screw sliding block; 31. an X-direction guide rail; 32. rotating the table nut; 33. a laser sensor; 34. a rotating table; 35. a rotation driving servo motor; 36. a Z-axis adjusting bracket; 37. a fixed mount; 38. a Z-axis base; 39. fixing the bolt; 40. a long hole; 41. adjusting the bolt; 42. a Y-direction lever slider; 43. and a Y-direction lead screw moving block.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-6, the present invention provides a device for monitoring milling of curved thin-walled parts, which comprises a Y-axis device 17 and an X-axis device 18, wherein the X-axis device 18 performs linear displacement motion on the upper end of the Y-axis device 17, the Y-axis device 17 comprises a Y-axis base 20, a Y-axis light bar 22, a Y-axis light bar slider 42, a Y-axis lead screw 24, a Y-axis lead screw moving block 43, a Y-axis guide rail 25, a Y-axis guide rail groove 26, a buckle 21, and a Y-axis servo motor 23, the Y-axis light bar 22, the Y-axis light bar slider 42, the Y-axis guide rail 25, and the Y-axis guide rail groove 26 in the Y-axis device 17 are two in number, the Y-axis light bar slider 42, the Y-axis lead screw moving block 43, and the Y-axis guide rail groove 26 of the Y-axis device 17 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the X-axis base 27 of the X-axis device 18, the Y-direction lead screw moving block 43 is driven to horizontally move in the Y direction, two ends of a Y-direction light bar 22 and a Y-direction light bar sliding block 42 of the Y-axis device 17 are fixed on the Y-direction base 20 through buckles 21, the X-axis device 18 has the same main structure with the Y-axis device 17, one end of the X-axis device 18 is provided with an X-direction servo motor 29 to drive the X-direction lead screw 28 to rotate, the X-direction lead screw sliding block 30 is driven to horizontally move in the X direction through an X-direction guide rail 31, the Z-axis device 19 is linearly displaced at the upper end of the X-axis device 18, the displacement direction of the Z-axis device 19 is vertical to the displacement direction of the X-axis device 18, the Z-axis device 19 comprises a Z-axis device 19 which comprises a laser sensor 33, a fixed frame 37, a Z-axis base 38, a Z-axis adjusting frame 36, an adjusting bolt 41, a fixed bolt 39, a rotary drive servo motor, the fixed frame 37 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the Z-axis base 38, the Z-axis adjusting frame 36 is movably installed at the side end of the fixed frame 37, the Z-axis adjusting frame 36 moves up and down through the Z-axis adjusting mechanism, the upper end of the Z-axis adjusting frame 36 is rotatably connected with the rotating table 34, the rotating table 34 rotates through the rotation driving servo motor 35, and the laser sensor 33 is fixedly installed on one side of the upper end of the rotating table 34.

The device also comprises a thin-wall curved surface thin-wall part 13, and the initial distance value between the laser sensor 33 and the measured point of the thin-wall curved surface thin-wall part 13 is the minimum curvature radius of the curved surface of the thin-wall curved surface thin-wall part 13, so that the failure of the measuring process caused by the fact that the sensor cannot enter the narrow area of the thin-wall curved surface is avoided.

The Z-axis adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting bolt 41, the adjusting bolt 41 is rotatably installed between the top of a fixed frame 37 and a Z-axis base 38, the upper end of the adjusting bolt 41 penetrates through the top of the fixed frame 37 and is fixedly connected with an adjusting nut, the fixed frame 37 is rotatably installed on the adjusting bolt 41, the side end of the fixed frame 37 is provided with a long hole 40, the right side of the fixed frame 37 is provided with an inwards concave square groove, the Z-axis adjusting mechanism also comprises a fixing bolt 39, the fixing bolt 39 penetrates through the long hole 40 and is fixedly connected with a Z-axis adjusting frame 36, the Z-axis adjusting frame 36 is in an inverted L shape, the side end is provided with a vertical threaded through hole, the side surface is provided with 2 horizontal threaded deep holes (the hole pitch is the same as that of the long hole 40 on the fixed frame 37), the left side is provided with an outwards convex lug which is in sliding connection with the square groove, the end head, the width difference between the inner concave square groove of the fixing frame 37 and the outer convex square groove of the Z-axis adjusting frame 36 should be less than 0.1mm to avoid the inclination of the rotating table 34, in the testing process, the adjusting bolt 41 can be rotated to adjust the height of the laser sensor 33 to the measured measuring point, the fixing bolt 39 is screwed into the threaded deep hole of the Z-axis adjusting frame 36 from the left side to realize the reliable fixed connection of the fixing frame 37 and the Z-axis adjusting frame 36, therefore, the Z-direction adjustment of the testing height can be realized on the premise of ensuring the structural design rigidity, and the structure is simple and the operation is convenient.

A milling monitoring system for curved surface thin-wall parts comprises a computer 1, a monitoring starting/ending indication module 2, an online motion control module 3, a deformation vibration data collection module 4, a spindle system 11 and a thin-wall curved surface thin-wall part 13, wherein the monitoring starting/ending indication module 2 comprises a vibration data collection module 5, a digital/analog conversion module 6 and a patch sensor 12, the monitoring starting/ending indication module 2 controls the starting and ending of monitoring through vibration information of the patch sensor 12 attached to the thin-wall curved surface thin-wall part 13, the patch sensor 12 is in communication connection with the computer 1 through the vibration data collection module 5 and the digital/analog conversion module 6, the monitoring starting/ending indication module 2 mainly controls the starting and ending of an online monitoring process through feeding back vibration information of the patch sensor 12 on the thin-wall curved surface part 13, computer 1 control online motion control module 3 assigns acquisition instruction to it, mill when main shaft system 11 and begin, the vibration signal when processing of detection begins, through D/A conversion module 6 and vibration data acquisition module 5, feedback signal to computer 1, computer 1 assigns the instruction of beginning to gather to online motion control module 3, implement the monitoring on line and begin, mill when main shaft system 11 and finish, unable detection vibration signal or vibration signal are too little, the same reason feedback signal is to computer 1, computer 1 assigns the instruction of stopping acquisition to online motion control module 3, implement the monitoring on line and finish.

The patch sensor 12 is adhered to the thin-wall curved surface thin-wall part 13 through glue, and the adhering position is arranged at the bottom of the back of the current processing surface of the thin-wall curved surface thin-wall part 13, which is optimal.

The online motion control module 3 comprises a PLC control system 7, an X-axis translation driver 8, a Y-axis translation driver 9, a Z-axis rotation driver 10 and a curved surface thin-wall part milling monitoring device 14, the curved surface thin-wall part milling monitoring device 14 comprises a laser sensor 33 and a rotary table 34, the online motion control module 3 obtains the movement and rotation speeds of the laser sensor 33 and the rotary table 34 through a track of a main shaft system 11, the online motion control module 3 drives the rotary table 34 and the laser sensor 33 to translate and rotate through related control systems, drivers and servo motor units according to the movement and rotation speeds and other information of the laser sensor 33 and the rotary table 34 obtained through a cutter track, and real-time online monitoring of the processing process of the thin-wall curved-wall part 13 is achieved.

The PLC control system 7 comprises a motion control calculation module, the motion control calculation module calculates the real-time moving speed in the X direction and the Y direction of the rotating platform 34 and the real-time rotating speed around the Z axis according to the cutting running track 11, and transmits driving information to the X-axis translation driver 8, the Y-axis translation driver 9 and the Z-axis rotation driver 10, so that the rotating platform 34 drives the laser sensor 33 to translate and rotate.

The measuring beam of the laser sensor 33 is always perpendicular to the tangential direction of the measuring point on the thin-wall curved surface thin-wall part 13.

The motion control calculation module in the PLC control system 7 calculates the real-time moving speed in the X and Y directions and the real-time rotation speed around the Z axis of the turntable 34 according to the following formula:

assuming that the moving path of the curved thin-wall part milled by the cutter is P (t) ((X), (t)) and Y (t)), and the monitoring path of the laser sensor is H (t) ((P) (t) ± d · N (t)) by a PH equidistant curve method;

wherein d is the wall thickness of the curved thin-wall part, N (t) is the unit direction vector of the curve P (t) at (X (t), Y (t)), X and Y are functions with t as a parameter, and the equation of N (t) is as follows:

where X '(t) and Y' (t) are the first order partial derivatives of X (t) and Y (t) to t, the monitored path trajectory equation for the laser sensor is:

the real-time moving speed of the laser sensor in the X and Y directions is as follows:

then the equation of the motion track of the laser sensor is the tangent equation at the time t:

the slope of the normal equation at time t is found to be:

namely, the rotation angle of the laser displacement sensor at time t:

the real-time rotating speed of the laser displacement sensor around the Z axis is as follows:

the working process of the present invention will be specifically explained below: when the device works, a curved surface thin-wall part 13 to be processed and an online monitoring device 14 are fixed on a machine tool rotary table through a fixture, the online monitoring device 14 is arranged at the other side of the curved surface thin-wall part 13 to be processed, the direction of a processing main body is parallel to the monitoring moving direction, the maximum distance between the processing main body and the monitoring moving direction does not exceed the maximum movable distance of an X-axis device 18, and a patch sensor 12 is attached to the bottom of the curved surface thin-wall part 13;

starting a control system, wherein a computer 1 respectively controls a Y-axis device 17, an X-axis device 18 and a Z-axis device 19 to adjust the positions of a laser sensor 33 in the X and Y directions and the rotation angle around the Z axis, so that the laser sensor 33 is positioned on an extension line of a perpendicular line of a measurement point at the leftmost side of the thin-wall curved surface part, and a laser beam of the laser sensor points to the measurement point; initializing the X and Y coordinates of the laser sensor 33 and the rotation angle around the Z axis at this time to 0;

when the milling starts, the patch sensor 12 in the monitoring starting/introducing module 2 detects a vibration signal of the thin-wall part, the signal enters the vibration data acquisition system 5 through the digital-to-analog converter 6, then the signal is output to the computer 1, and the computer 1 opens and develops interference signals such as machine tool vibration and the like and judges the cutting vibration model. When the vibration signal is greater than the threshold value, issuing an online monitoring starting instruction to the online motion control module 3;

the PLC control system 7 controls the X-direction servo motor 29, the Y-direction servo motor 23 and the rotation driving servo motor 35 through the X-axis translation driver 8, the Y-axis translation driver 9 and the Z-axis rotation driver 10 according to the calculated X-direction and Y-direction real-time moving speed and the real-time rotation speed around the Z axis of the rotating table 34 in the motion control calculation module, so that the rotating table 34 drives the laser sensor 33 to perform X-axis and Y-axis translation and Z-axis rotation, and the deformation and vibration of the cutting point of the thin-wall part in the cutting process under the conditions of cutting point time variation, curvature time variation, sensor tracking displacement and corner time variation are acquired online in real time;

the real-time deformation and vibration signals of the cutting point acquired by the laser sensor 33 enter the deformation vibration data acquisition system 15 through the digital/analog converter 16, and are output to a computer for image display, so that the whole online real-time monitoring process is completed;

when the vibration signal of the thin-wall part detected by the patch sensor 12 in the monitoring starting/introducing module 2 is smaller than the threshold value, the computer 1 issues an instruction of stopping on-line monitoring to the on-line motion control module 3, and the monitoring process is finished.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Milling process monitoring devices of curved surface thin wall part, including Y axle device (17) and X axle device (18), straight line displacement motion is done in Y axle device (17) upper end to X axle device (18), its characterized in that, and straight line displacement motion is done in X axle device (18) upper end to Z axle device (19), and the displacement direction of Z axle device (19) is perpendicular with the displacement direction of X axle device (18), Z axle device (19) include Z axle adjusting bracket (36), mount (37) and Z axle base (38), Z axle base (38) slidable mounting is in X axle device (18) upper end, mount (37) fixed mounting is in Z axle base (38) upper end, Z axle adjusting bracket (36) movable mounting is at mount (37) side, just Z axle adjusting bracket (36) do upper and lower displacement motion through Z axle adjustment mechanism, Z axle adjusting bracket (36) upper end is rotated and is connected with revolving stage (34), the rotary table (34) is driven by a rotary driving servo motor (35) to rotate, and a laser sensor (33) is fixedly mounted on one side of the upper end of the rotary table (34).

2. The milling monitoring device for the curved surface thin-wall part according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device is characterized by further comprising a thin-wall curved surface thin-wall part (13), wherein the initial distance value between the laser sensor (33) and the measured point of the thin-wall curved surface thin-wall part (13) is the minimum curvature radius of the curved surface of the thin-wall curved surface thin-wall part (13).

3. The milling monitoring device for the curved surface thin-wall part according to claim 1, characterized in that: z axle adjustment mechanism includes adjusting bolt (41), adjusting bolt (41) are rotated and are installed between mount (37) top and Z axle base (38), fixing mount (37) top fixedly connected with adjusting nut is run through to adjusting bolt (41) upper end, mount (37) are rotated and are installed on adjusting bolt (41), slot hole (40) have been seted up to mount (37) side, still include fixing bolt (39), fixing bolt (39) run through slot hole (40) and Z axle adjusting bracket (36) fixed connection.

4. The milling monitoring device for the curved surface thin-wall part according to claim 1, characterized in that: the Z-axis adjusting frame (36) is inverted L-shaped, the end of the upper end of the protruding portion is semicircular, and the rotary driving servo motor (35) is fixedly installed below the upper end of the Z-axis adjusting frame (36).