CN213030795U - Puncture kit for central venous catheterization - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a puncture kit for central venous catheterization, which comprises a blunt large needle, a small needle, a sleeve and an elastic hose for guiding; one end of the sleeve is open, and the other end of the sleeve is closed and is provided with a through hole through which the blunt large needle can pass; the outer diameter of the elastic hose is smaller than the inner diameter of the blunt large needle, the elastic hose is sleeved outside the small needle, the tail of the elastic hose is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve, and the head of the elastic hose penetrates out of the through hole. The beneficial effects of the utility model are that compensate the defect of former puncture method, reduce the damage to blood vessel, reduce puncture complication and infection incidence, improve the puncture success rate, reduce the operation degree of difficulty and operating personnel's psychological pressure.

Description

Puncture kit for central venous catheterization

Technical Field

The utility model is suitable for a central vein puncture and the activity of central vein hemodialysis specifically are a puncture external member that is used for central vein to put the pipe.

Background

Commercially available central venous catheter or central venous hemodialysis catheter kit fittings include: small steel needle, large steel needle, 5ml syringe needle cylinder, guide steel wire, blood vessel dilator, transfusion catheter or hemodialysis catheter. The conventional puncturing method is as follows: a small steel needle is connected with a 5ml syringe, the needle is inserted from the subcutaneous side and is withdrawn simultaneously according to anatomical positioning, dark red venous return blood appears, and the smooth withdrawal indicates that the small steel needle penetrates into the central vein, withdrawing the small steel needle and making simple mark under the skin, sucking and washing the syringe with normal saline, connecting the syringe with the large steel needle, extracting a little heparin saline, feeding the large steel needle along the puncture point and puncture direction of the small steel needle, withdrawing while feeding the needle, and after dark red venous return blood appears and the withdrawal is smooth, and (3) fixing the large steel needle, withdrawing the syringe needle cylinder (if blood return is not seen after the needle is inserted to a certain depth, withdrawing to the subcutaneous part, slowly inserting the needle after the needle insertion angle is adjusted, and withdrawing while inserting the needle), sending the guide steel wire into the central vein along the large steel needle, withdrawing the large steel needle, properly expanding the central vein by using the expander, and putting the required central vein infusion tube or hemodialysis catheter. The method of firstly probing the blood vessel with a small steel needle and then puncturing the blood vessel with a large steel needle has some defects, which seriously affect the success rate and complications of puncturing: firstly, the small steel needle and the large steel needle enter the central vein twice in sequence, and the vascular injury is increased. Secondly, according to the blind puncture method of anatomical positioning, after the small steel needle puncture finds the central vein and exits, the micro-change of the body position of the patient, the formation of subcutaneous hematoma, the micro-change of the puncture point and the puncture direction, and the like, all can cause the puncture failure and the repeated puncture of the large steel needle, especially for the patients with obesity, high edema and dispersed arterial pulsation. And the puncture failure of the large steel needle comprises puncture to the accompanying central artery, and as the aperture of the large steel needle is larger and the pressure of the arterial vessel is large, subcutaneous hematoma is easily caused by large bleeding, particularly for patients with blood coagulation disorder, the large hematoma at the neck can press the trachea to cause dyspnea, and the large hematoma at the groin can press the blood vessel of the lower limb to cause unsmooth lower limb backflow and thrombosis. And fourthly, for some patients needing to be placed into the hemodialysis catheter for emergency dialysis (serious metabolic acidosis, electrolyte disorder, high edema and the like which endanger life) whether the catheter is placed successfully or not is very important. Once a large steel needle is inserted into the central artery one or more times, even if the catheter is finally inserted, dialysis heparinization can induce the large steel needle to penetrate into the needle eye part of the central artery to cause massive blood leakage, so that the patient is ensured to be dialyzed next day, and the critical degree of the patient needing emergency dialysis is increased. Two times of puncture operations of the small steel needle and the large steel needle increase the exposure time of the sterile catheter in the air and increase the infection chance of the central venous catheterization. Sixthly, the small steel needle and the large steel needle probe the blood vessel twice, so that the puncture time is prolonged, the operation difficulty is increased, and the psychological pressure of puncture personnel is increased.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to overcome the not enough of prior art, solve the puncture in-process because the multiple operation easily causes the problem that damage and success rate are not high many times to the human body.

In order to achieve the purpose of the utility model, the puncture kit for central venous catheterization is provided, which comprises a blunt large needle, a small needle, a sleeve and an elastic hose for guiding; one end of the sleeve is open, and the other end of the sleeve is closed and is provided with a through hole through which the blunt large needle can pass; the outer diameter of the elastic hose is smaller than the inner diameter of the blunt large needle, the elastic hose is sleeved outside the small needle, the tail of the elastic hose is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve, and the head of the elastic hose penetrates out of the through hole.

The elastic hose is used for guiding the blunt large needle to a specified position after the small needle is pulled out. The blunt large needle is inserted from the opening of the sleeve to cut off and destroy the fixing structure of the elastic hose and the sleeve, so that the blunt large needle is sleeved outside the elastic hose and penetrates out of the through hole to be guided to a specified position.

Preferably, the tail end of the elastic hose is integrally fixed to the inner wall of the sleeve along the circumferential direction.

The tail end of the elastic hose is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve after being stretched, and can retract to the common pipe diameter after the fixing structure is cut off, so that the tail end of the elastic hose can be accommodated in the blunt-end large needle.

Preferably, the through hole is annularly provided with a blade for cutting the elastic hose along the opening.

The blades referred to herein may be scattered about the rim of the through-hole, or may be in the form of an integral ring, etc., so that when the flexible tube is forced therein by the blunt needle, the flexible tube is cut in a ring shape and retracted to be received within the blunt needle.

Preferably, the sleeve is provided with a wing plate on the outer wall.

Preferably, the sleeve is made of transparent polycarbonate.

Preferably, the tail end of the elastic hose is coaxially fixed with the top end of a conical soft plug, and the bottom edge of the soft plug is fixed with the inner wall of the sleeve.

The top end of the soft plug is a cone tip, the bottom of the soft plug is a cone bottom, and the edge of the bottom of the soft plug is annularly and completely fixed with the inner wall of the sleeve.

Preferably, the bottom of the soft plug is coaxially provided with a conical pit.

The central axis of the conical concave pit is the same as that of the soft plug.

Preferably, the soft plug is made of polyisoprene.

The plug is in a compressed state within the sleeve.

Preferably, the other end of the sleeve is sealed by an elastic material which is convenient for the through hole to shrink and expand, and the diameter of the through hole in a relaxed state is smaller than the outer diameter of the small needle.

The elastic material referred to herein may be polyisoprene, medical rubber, or the like. The closed structure may be in the form of a membrane, and the relaxed state is the state in which the sides of the closed structure are integrally secured to the edges of the sleeve.

The top end of the elastic hose can be conveyed to a designated position through the matching of the sleeve and the small needle; the through hole is arranged to provide a fulcrum and a limit for the blunt large needle, and the guide is realized for the blunt large needle by matching with the elastic hose. The inner diameter of the sleeve is larger, so that the operation of hands is convenient, and the needle inserting position can be quickly and accurately found by the large needle.

The elastic hose is completely fixed in the annular direction, so that the axial direction of the elastic hose is easier to be positioned by the blunt large needle.

Through set up the cutting edge along mouthful department at the through-hole, guaranteed elastic hose's cutting integrality, avoid elastic hose lotus root disconnected silk condition to take place.

The wing plates are arranged, so that the sleeve can be conveniently fixed outside the skin, the inconvenience in observation caused by direct control of the sleeve is avoided, and the sleeve is prevented from moving to influence positioning.

The sleeve is made of polycarbonate, so that the sleeve is nontoxic to a human body and can be attached to the human body for a long time, and meanwhile, the transparent property of the sleeve can also facilitate the positioning of the structure in the sleeve.

Through setting up the soft stopper of toper for blunt end big needle is passing and is cutting off the soft stopper after, and the remaining soft stopper structure of connecting at the sleeve inner wall still can provide the direction for blunt end big needle, avoids the swing after blunt end big needle gets into.

Through the setting of toper pit, the alignment ability when having promoted the big needle of blunt head and having worn into guarantees that the hose can hold into the big needle of blunt head smoothly.

The soft plug made of polyisoprene ensures that the soft plug has better elasticity and can be completely cut. Meanwhile, if the soft plug is in a compressed state in the sleeve, the soft plug can form automatic sealing after the small needle is withdrawn, and blood backflow and leakage caused by withdrawal of the small needle are avoided.

The closed structure made of elastic materials enables the through hole to be clamped into the small needle and the elastic hose on the small needle, so that certain guiding and positioning are formed, and the sliding of the elastic hose during the puncture of the small needle is avoided; and can ensure that the blunt large needle can just pass through.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are that compensate the defect of former puncture method, reduce the damage to blood vessel, reduce puncture complication and infection incidence, improve the puncture success rate, reduce the operation degree of difficulty and operating personnel's psychological pressure.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the puncture kit with a small needle according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a blunt large needle of the puncture kit of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a sleeve of the puncture kit of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a sleeve of the puncture kit of the present invention;

wherein:

1-sleeve 11-through hole 12-blade

2-blunt large needle 3-small needle 4-elastic hose

5-wing plate 6-needle cylinder 7-conical cork

71-conical pits

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The puncture kit for central venous catheterization, which is shown in fig. 1 to 4, comprises a blunt large needle 2, a small needle 3, a sleeve 1 and a flexible guide hose 4; one end of the sleeve 1 is open, and the other end is closed and is provided with a through hole 11 through which the blunt large needle 2 just passes; the external diameter of elastic hose 4 is less than the internal diameter of blunt-end big needle 2, elastic hose 4 cover is established outside little needle 3, elastic hose 4's afterbody is fixed in 1 inner wall of sleeve, elastic hose 4's head is worn out through-hole 11. The outer wall of the sleeve 1 is provided with a wing plate 5. The sleeve 1 is made of transparent polycarbonate.

The bottom ends of the blunt large needle 2 and the small needle 3 are provided with joints for communicating the needle cylinder 6.

The hose material is fluorinated ethylene propylene, and the grab handle material is propionate.

According to a first embodiment of the puncture set shown in fig. 3, the rear end of the flexible tube 4 is completely fixed to the inner wall of the hub 1 along the circumferential direction. The edge of the through hole 11 is annularly provided with a blade 12 for cutting the elastic hose.

According to a second embodiment of the puncture set shown in fig. 4, the rear end of the flexible tube 4 is coaxially fixed with the top end of a conical cork 7, and the bottom edge of the cork 7 is fixed with the inner wall of the sleeve 1. The bottom of the soft plug 7 is coaxially provided with a conical pit 71. The soft plug 7 is made of polyisoprene. The other end of the sleeve 1 is made of elastic material for facilitating the shrinkage and expansion of the through hole 11, and the diameter of the through hole 11 in a relaxed state is smaller than the outer diameter of the small needle 3.

Working principle and use process example:

preparing before pipe placing: connecting a large steel needle (i.e. a blunt large needle 2) to a 5ml needle cylinder 6 through a detachable connector, and sucking a little heparin saline for later use;

secondly, according to anatomical positioning, a small steel needle (namely the small needle 3) searches for a central vein by adopting a method of inserting the needle and withdrawing the needle, the small needle 3 is withdrawn, and the elastic hose 4 is left in the central vein;

thirdly, the left hand fixes the elastic hose 4 through the wing plate 5, the right hand holds the prepared needle cylinder 6 to pierce the large blunt needle 2 from the sleeve 1, the fixed structure of the elastic hose 4 and the sleeve 1 is damaged, the needle core is just wrapped around the elastic hose 4 and slowly pierces the central vein through skin and subcutaneous tissues, the needle is inserted and withdrawn simultaneously, and blood return shows that the large blunt needle 2 enters the central vein;

fourthly, the blunt large needle 2 is fixed by the right hand, and the elastic hose 4 is withdrawn to the skin outer section of the blunt large needle 2;

fifthly, moving the left hand to the skin needle insertion position to fix the blunt large needle 2, withdrawing the needle cylinder 6 connected with the blunt large needle 2 and the detachable connector by the right hand, withdrawing the elastic hose 4, and connecting a new connector;

sixthly, the guide steel wire is sent into the central vein along the large blunt-end needle 2 through a new connector, the large blunt-end needle 2 is withdrawn, the central vein is properly expanded by using a dilator, and the required central vein infusion tube or hemodialysis catheter is placed.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed, and that various changes and modifications may be made, which are within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. A puncture kit for central venous catheterization comprises a blunt large needle, a small needle, a sleeve and an elastic hose for guiding; one end of the sleeve is open, and the other end of the sleeve is closed and is provided with a through hole through which the blunt large needle can pass; the outer diameter of the elastic hose is smaller than the inner diameter of the blunt large needle, the elastic hose is sleeved outside the small needle, the tail of the elastic hose is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve, and the head of the elastic hose penetrates out of the through hole.

2. The puncture kit of claim 1, wherein the trailing end of the flexible tube is integrally secured to the inner wall of the hub along the circumferential direction.

3. The puncture kit of claim 2, wherein the through hole is surrounded along the port by a blade for cutting the flexible tubing.

4. The puncture kit of claim 1, wherein the sleeve outer wall is flanged.

5. The puncture kit of claim 1, wherein the sleeve is a transparent polycarbonate material.

6. The puncture kit according to claim 1, wherein the rear end of the flexible tube coaxially fixes a tip end of a conical cork, and a bottom edge of the cork is fixed to an inner wall of the sleeve.

7. The puncture kit of claim 6, wherein the bottom of the cork is coaxially tapered.

8. The puncture kit of claim 6, wherein the soft plug is a polyisoprene material.

9. The puncture kit of claim 6, wherein the other end of the sleeve is closed by an elastic material configured to facilitate collapsing of the through hole, the through hole having a diameter in a relaxed state that is smaller than an outer diameter of the stylet.

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