CN2129826Y - 柴油机气缸盖 - Google Patents

柴油机气缸盖 Download PDF

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CN2129826Y
CN2129826Y CN 92228756 CN92228756U CN2129826Y CN 2129826 Y CN2129826 Y CN 2129826Y CN 92228756 CN92228756 CN 92228756 CN 92228756 U CN92228756 U CN 92228756U CN 2129826 Y CN2129826 Y CN 2129826Y
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cylinder head
vortex chamber
cylinder body
intake
combustion chamber
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朱文顺
潘国珍
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Abstract

本实用新型涉及一种柴油机气缸盖的改进方案, 它采用一凹入缸盖底面的浅凹陷形主燃烧室,配之以 一整体式嵌入的涡流室型燃烧室,辅以纵向缝隙散热 片及鼻梁区的保护圈,使得装有该气缸盖的柴油机具 备优异的排放指标,特别适用于矿井等排放条件要求 苛刻的场合。

Description

本实用新型涉及一种改进的柴油机气缸盖。
目前,国内有大量的柴油机应用在各种领域,尤其广泛地用于工矿及农业机械上,这些柴油机的气缸盖上很多都使用带涡流室的燃烧室形式,即在气缸盖的偏离气缸中心线的一边铸出一个近似球状带有喷油嘴安装口及涡流喷出口(通道)的腔室,两个口相互偏置,从而喷油时使燃油在该腔室中产生涡旋状燃烧进而从喷出口喷入活塞上部的主燃烧室空间内燃烧作功。由于上述部位 热应力极大,为防止其损坏,生产时还在涡流室的下部加有一带上述喷出口的合金镶块构成涡流室的下半部。然而,目前受其结构形式及生产工艺的影响,这种形式的发动机的排放不甚理想,从而限制了它在矿井等特别环境中的应用。
本实用新型的目的是提供一种改进的柴油机气缸盖,使得使用该气缸盖的柴油机具备优良有排放效果。
本实用新型是通过下述方案实现的:以下参照附图根据其中所示的本实用新型唯一的一实施例对该方案进行详细说明。
图1是本实用新型的主视侧视图;
图2是本实用新型的侧视剖视图;
图3是本实用新型进气道的剖视图。
参见图1至图3,本实用新型的气缸盖包括缸盖体1、涡流室2、进气道3、排气道4、主燃烧室5、散热片6,其特征在于所述主燃烧室5位于缸盖体1的下表面上,呈浅的弧面向内凹陷状;进排气道3、4为两条截面连续均匀变化的管路,它们沿气缸盖纵向中心线左右开口于上述主燃烧室5的凹陷部位里,并形成有气门座孔7、8,气门座孔7、8各自轴线之间夹角的α为12~14度,进排气道3、4的另一端开口于缸盖体1的端壁上,所述涡流室2为一套整体式结构,并被铸于缸盖体1的与进排气道口相对的一侧,它带有一喷油嘴安装口9以及一开在主燃烧室5凹陷部位内的涡流喷出口10(即通道),两个口9、10位置相互错开并沿气缸盖纵向中心线向外倾斜布置,其倾角β为38~42度。所述散热片6为一组纵向的缝隙,位于进排气道3、4之间的缸盖体1中。
通过上述的结构改进使得装有该气缸盖的柴油机进排气通畅,涡流室与主燃烧室匹配合理,燃烧过程组织更趋完善,冷却良好。让燃料在主燃烧室中充分燃烧,从而大大降低了烟雾排放,使得装有本气缸盖的柴油机更适用于矿井等对排放条件要求苛刻的场合。
另外,为了便于起动,所述整体式涡流室2下部还开有一安装电热塞的孔11,缸盖体的四周壁上除气道开口处外,均可带有散热片12。所述涡流室2中的喷油嘴安装口9的中心线向上偏移开涡流室2的中心,其相互错开的距离与涡流室半径之比为1:(2.2~2.3)。
另外,为了防止两气门座孔7、8间的鼻梁区出现裂纹,在鼻梁部还可经铸造嵌入一由耐热合金制成的保护圈13。

Claims (5)

1、一种柴油机的气缸盖包括:缸盖体1、涡流室2、进气道3、排气道4、主燃烧室5、散热片6,其特征在于所述主燃烧室5位于缸盖体1的下表面上,呈浅的弧面向内凹陷状;进排气道3、4为两条截面连续均匀变化的管路,它们沿气缸盖纵向中心线左右开口于上述主燃烧室5的凹陷部位里,并形成有气门座孔7、8,气门座孔7、8各自轴线之间夹角的α为12~14度,进排气道3、4的另一端开口于缸盖体1的侧端壁上,所述涡流室2为一套整体式结构,并被铸于缸盖体1的侧端壁上,所述涡流室2为一套整体式结构,并被铸于缸盖体1的与进排气道口相对的一侧,它带有一喷油嘴安装口9以及一开在主燃烧室5凹陷部位内的涡流喷出口10,两个口9、10位置相互错开关并沿气缸盖纵向中心线向外倾斜布置,其倾角β为38~42度,所述散热片6为一组纵向的缝隙,位于进排气道3、4之间的缸盖体1中。
2、如权利要求1所述的气缸盖,其特征在于:所述整体式涡流室2下部一侧带有一电热塞孔11;
3、如权利要求1所述的气缸盖,其特征在于:所述气缸盖的周壁上,除气道出口一侧外均带有散热片12;
4、如权利要求1所述的气缸盖,其特征在于:所述涡流室2中喷油嘴安装口9的中心线偏开涡流室2的中心,其相互错开的距离与涡流室半径之比为1:(2.2~2.3)。
5、如权利要求1所述的气缸盖,其特征在于:所述进排气门座孔之间的气盖体内设有由耐热合金制成的保护圈13。
CN 92228756 1992-07-29 1992-07-29 柴油机气缸盖 Expired - Fee Related CN2129826Y (zh)

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CN 92228756 CN2129826Y (zh) 1992-07-29 1992-07-29 柴油机气缸盖

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CN 92228756 CN2129826Y (zh) 1992-07-29 1992-07-29 柴油机气缸盖

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CN2129826Y true CN2129826Y (zh) 1993-04-14

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104653275A (zh) * 2013-11-20 2015-05-27 铜陵市大成轧辊有限责任公司 用于内燃机的分隔式燃烧装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104653275A (zh) * 2013-11-20 2015-05-27 铜陵市大成轧辊有限责任公司 用于内燃机的分隔式燃烧装置

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