CN212956359U

CN212956359U - Seaport breakwater

Info

Publication number: CN212956359U
Application number: CN202021703634.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张永青; 曾建辉
Original assignee: Guangdong Hangxin Consulting Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Hangxin Consulting Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-14
Filing date: 2020-08-14
Publication date: 2021-04-13
Anticipated expiration: 2030-08-14

Abstract

The utility model discloses a seaport breakwater, the interior of breakwater structure is pushed by dyke heart stone and is filled in order to form trapezoidal dyke heart, dyke heart skin is equipped with trapezoidal piece stone bed course, the bottom of at least one side of piece stone bed course is equipped with the piece stone bed course, the piece stone bed course bottom of at least one side is supported on the piece stone bed course, the top of at least one side piece stone bed course is equipped with the sole protection bed course, the top of at least one side of piece stone bed course is equipped with the hollow square layer in four corners, the bottom of the hollow square layer in four corners is supported on the sole protection bed course; the hollow square block layer in four corners is also arranged above the top of the cushion layer of the trapezoidal block, gaps are left between the hollow square block layer in four corners at the top and the hollow square block layer in four corners at the side surface, the gaps are filled with broken stones, the hollow square block layer in four corners is composed of a plurality of hollow square block protective surface bodies in four corners, and the hollow square block protective surface bodies in four corners are mutually close to and orderly arranged. And a bottom protection cushion layer is arranged on the side surface of the bottom of the dyke core and is used for supporting the four-corner hollow square protective surface body, so that the sliding of the protective surface body is prevented, and the integral stability of the breakwater is improved.

Description

Seaport breakwater

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of harbour hydraulic engineering, concretely relates to seaport breakwater.

Background

In the face of different water levels, with the development of cascade hydroelectric energy resources of water systems of various great rivers and rivers, high gorges go out of the flat lake, and a plurality of excellent deep water channels and water bodies and water surface resources in lake and reservoir areas are formed; the original beach is firstly treated and reformed; in the construction of a port, in order to keep a water area in the port stable and meet the requirements of ship berthing and operation, a breakwater needs to be constructed outside a harbor pool to resist the impact of seawater, wherein the breakwater is a common engineering means in coast protection and beach improvement; the offshore breakwater is a relatively wide and effective protection means which is generally built in parallel with a shoreline in the sea area outside the beach at present; the breakwater breaks waves in front of the breakwater, so that open sea waves are blocked and weakened, and the stability of the water area in the harbor pool is ensured; since the breakwater is in open water, it is necessary to improve the breakwater.

Most of the existing slope type seaport breakwaters only rely on filling dyke cores, and block stones are thrown and filled outside the dyke cores to resist the impact of sea waves.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses lie in providing a seaport breakwater that the breakwater effect is better, the armor block obtains better support, the structure is more stable to above-mentioned problem.

The utility model discloses a seaport breakwater, the breakwater structure inside is pushed by dyke heart stone and is filled in order to form trapezoidal dyke heart, dyke heart skin is equipped with trapezoidal piece stone bed course, the bottom of at least one side of piece stone bed course is equipped with the piece stone bed course, the piece stone bed course bottom of at least one side supports on the piece stone bed course, the top of at least one side piece stone bed course is equipped with the sole protection bed course, the top of at least one side of piece stone bed course is equipped with four corners hollow square block layer, the bottom of four corners hollow square block layer supports on the sole protection bed course; the trapezoid block stone cushion layer is characterized in that a four-corner hollow block layer is also arranged above the top of the trapezoid block stone cushion layer, a gap is reserved between the four-corner hollow block layer at the top and the four-corner hollow block layer at the side, the gap is filled with broken stones, the four-corner hollow block layer is composed of a plurality of four-corner hollow block surface protection bodies, and the four-corner hollow block surface protection bodies are mutually close to each other and are arranged in order.

The utility model provides a seaport breakwater sets up a layer of cubic stone bed course outside the dyke heart, form trapezoidal breakwater's main part, lay the hollow square protective surface body in four corners in the outside, and wave direct contact, play the effect of buffering to the wave, weaken the impact force of wave, choose the hollow square protective surface body in four corners for use to have the focus low because of it, high stability, the wave absorption can be good and save the advantage of concrete, be equipped with the bottom protection bed course in dyke heart bottom side and be used for supporting the hollow square protective surface body in four corners, prevent that it from sliding to increase holistic stability, and pack the cushioning effect that the rubble can effectual hollow square bed course in increase four corners in the clearance.

Preferably, both sides of the breakwater dyke core are provided with a rubble cushion layer and a bottom protection cushion layer, the bottom protection cushion layers on both sides have different widths, and the width of the bottom protection cushion layer facing the sea area and subjected to larger sea wave impact force is larger than that of the bottom protection cushion layer on the other side. The structure of both sides of the breakwater is the same, so that the impact resistance of both sides of the breakwater can be improved, the width of the bottom protection layer on the outer sea side with larger sea wave impact force is larger than that of the bottom protection layer on the harbor pool side, and more square hollow square protective surfaces can be added on the bottom protection layer with large width to improve the buffering capacity of the breakwater on the outer sea side to sea waves.

Preferably, the outer slope of the dyke core is 1: 1.5, the block stone cushion layer and the four-corner hollow square block layer are parallel to the outer inclined plane of the dike core. The side face of the breakwater is enabled to obtain large buffering for the impact force of the sea water, and the multilayer structures on the two sides of the breakwater are parallel, so that the construction is more convenient and the whole structure is more stable.

Preferably, the bottom protection cushion layer and the stone cushion layer are arranged in parallel with the water surface, one end close to the water is arranged to be an inclined surface, and the gradient of the inclined surface is 1: 2. the impact direction of the sea waves can be correspondingly adjusted through the inclined planes at the end parts, so that the impact force of the sea waves is upwards buffered.

Preferably, the square hollow square protective surface body weighs 2 tons and is 1.3 meters thick, the block stone cushion layer is 400kg (kilogram) of 200 and 800mm (millimeter) of block stone, the sheet cushion layer is 300mm of thickness, and the bottom protective cushion layer is 400kg and 800mm of block stone. The thickness and the quality of each layer are set, so that the overall structure and the stability of the breakwater can be better selected.

As a further improvement, one side of the stone block cushion layer is provided with a protective layer, the lower end of the protective layer is supported on the protective bottom layer, and a gap between the upper end of the protective layer and the protective surface body of the square hollow block is filled with broken stones. The outer sea side of the dyke core facing the sea area can be improved in impact resistance through the structure, the other side of the dyke core facing a port or under the condition that the impact force of sea waves is smaller, a thick protective surface layer can be directly arranged outside a block stone cushion layer, broken stones are filled in the connecting ends, the stress buffering effect can be increased, the stability of the breakwater is guaranteed, a four-corner hollow square protective surface body does not need to be added on the outer surface, the structural design of the whole breakwater is more reasonable, and the selection is more diversified.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a structural view of the breakwater section of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a sectional structure view of a second embodiment of the breakwater according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The utility model discloses a seaport breakwater is explained with the attached drawing.

Referring to fig. 1, the whole breakwater is designed in a slope manner, the slope breakwater has the advantages of small reflected waves, good wave-preventing effect, uniform foundation stress distribution and the like, but occupies a large area, has large wave climbing height and high elevation of a breakwater top, two sides of the breakwater are divided into an outer sea side and an inner harbor side, the breakwater is arranged in a form of a forward bank, the breakwater is divided into a bank body section and a bank head section, the bank head section is located at the extreme position of the breakwater, the bank head section is easy to bear wave impact at multiple angles, the arrangement structures of the bank head section and the bank body section are different, the structure of the first embodiment is easy to adopt for enhancing the impact resistance at multiple angles, the outer sea side of the bank body section is subjected to larger wave impact towards a sea area, and the inner harbor side is subjected to smaller wave impact towards a harbor pool, so that the structure arrangement can be selected;

the interior of the breakwater structure is filled with 10-100kg of dyke core stones in a pushing mode to form a trapezoid dyke core 11, trapezoid block stone cushion layers 12 are arranged on two sides of the outer layer of the dyke core, stone cushion layers 13 are arranged beside the bottoms of the two side block stone cushion layers 12, the bottoms of the trapezoid block stone cushion layers 12 on two inclined sides are supported on the stone cushion layers 13, bottom protection cushion layers 15 are arranged above the two side block stone cushion layers 13, four-corner hollow square block layers 14 are arranged above the two side block stone cushion layers, and the bottoms of the four-corner hollow square block layers 14 are supported on the bottom protection cushion layers 15; a quadrangular hollow square block layer 14 is also arranged above the top of the trapezoidal block stone cushion layer 15, a gap 16 is reserved between the quadrangular hollow square block layer at the top and the quadrangular hollow square block layer at the side surface, the gap 16 is filled with broken stones, the quadrangular hollow square block layer 14 is composed of a plurality of quadrangular hollow square protective face bodies, the quadrangular hollow square protective face bodies are selected to be 2 tons in weight and 1.3 meters in thickness, the quadrangular hollow square protective face bodies are mutually close to each other and are arranged in order, and the quadrangular hollow square protective face bodies have the advantages of low center of gravity, strong stability, good wave absorption performance and concrete conservation; the slope of the outer inclined surface of the dike core 11 is 1: 1.5, the block stone cushion layer 12 and the four-corner hollow block layer 14 are parallel to the outer inclined surface of the dike core. The side face of the breakwater is enabled to obtain large buffering for the impact force of the sea water, the multilayer structures on the two sides of the breakwater are parallel to enable construction to be more convenient and the whole structure to be more stable, the side face of the breakwater is enabled to obtain large buffering for the impact force of the sea water, and the multilayer structures on the two sides of the breakwater are parallel to enable construction to be more convenient and the whole structure to be more stable. The square hollow square protective surface body is 2 tons in weight and 1.3 meters in thickness, the block stone cushion layer is 400kg (kilogram) of 200-year-old stone with the thickness of 800mm (millimeter), the sheet cushion layer is 300mm in thickness, and the bottom protective cushion layer is 400 kg-year-old stone with the thickness of 200-year-old stone with the thickness of 800 mm. The thickness and the quality of each layer can be set to obtain a better choice for the overall structure and the stability of the breakwater; bottom protection bed course 13 and piece stone bed course 15 and water face parallel arrangement, the one end that is close water is established to the inclined plane, and the inclined plane slope is 1: 2. the impact direction of the sea waves can be correspondingly adjusted through the inclined planes at the end parts, so that the impact force of the sea waves is buffered upwards; the widths of the bottom protection cushion layers 15 on the two sides of the breakwater core are different, the width of the bottom protection cushion layer 15 which is larger in sea wave impact force and faces the sea area is larger than that of the bottom protection cushion layer 15 on the other side, the four-corner hollow square protection bodies 14 on the two sides increase the impact resistance of the two sides of the breakwater, the width of the bottom protection layer on the outer sea side which is larger in sea wave impact force is larger than that of the bottom protection layer on the harbor pool side, and more four-corner hollow square protection bodies can be added on the bottom protection layer which is larger in width to improve the buffering capacity of the breakwater on the outer sea side for sea.

Referring to fig. 2, in order to realize the second embodiment of the present invention, the sea side of the dike body section is impacted by a plurality of waves with larger angles toward the sea area, and the harbor side is impacted by waves toward the harbor basin with smaller effect, so that the second embodiment can be preferably used for the dike body section of the breakwater, the sea side of the dike core 11 is also provided with the structure described in the first embodiment, the harbor side is oriented toward the harbor basin with a more stable water area, a facing layer 21 is provided on the dike core, the lower end of the facing layer 21 is supported on a bottom facing layer 22, so that the facing layer 21 can be effectively supported and the ship can be conveniently parked and operated, the gap between the upper end of the facing layer 21 and the hollow square facing body is filled with crushed stones and is the same as the filler in the gap of the hollow square block layer 14 on the sea side, the thickness of the facing layer 22 on the harbor side is thicker than the rock cushion layer 15 on the sea side, through the setting of armor layer 21 can guarantee the stability of breakwater, need not to increase the hollow square armor layer in four corners on the surface like open sea side, and is more reasonable to holistic breakwater structural design, selects to have the variety more.

Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art, in light of the above teachings and teachings. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes to the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.

Claims

1. The seaport breakwater is characterized in that: the interior of the breakwater structure is pushed and filled with dyke core stones to form a trapezoidal dyke core, a trapezoidal block stone cushion layer is arranged on the outer layer of the dyke core, a rubble cushion layer is arranged at the bottom of at least one side of the block stone cushion layer, the bottom of the block stone cushion layer at least one side is supported on the rubble cushion layer, a bottom protecting cushion layer is arranged above the rubble cushion layer at least one side, a four-corner hollow square layer is arranged above at least one side of the block stone cushion layer, and the bottom of the four-corner hollow square layer is supported on the bottom protecting cushion layer;

the trapezoid block stone cushion layer is characterized in that a four-corner hollow block layer is also arranged above the top of the trapezoid block stone cushion layer, a gap is reserved between the four-corner hollow block layer at the top and the four-corner hollow block layer at the side, the gap is filled with broken stones, the four-corner hollow block layer is composed of a plurality of four-corner hollow block surface protection bodies, and the four-corner hollow block surface protection bodies are mutually close to each other and are arranged in order.

2. The seaport breakwater of claim 1, wherein: both sides of the breakwater dyke core are provided with a rubble cushion layer and a bottom protection cushion layer, the widths of the bottom protection cushion layers on both sides are different, and the width of the bottom protection cushion layer which is subjected to larger sea wave impact force facing the sea area is larger than that of the bottom protection cushion layer on the other side.

3. The seaport breakwater of claim 1, wherein: the slope of the outer inclined plane of the dike core is 20-40 degrees, and the block stone cushion layer and the four-corner hollow square layer are parallel to the outer inclined plane of the dike core.

4. The seaport breakwater of claim 1, wherein: the bottom protection cushion layer and the stone cushion layer are arranged in parallel with the water surface, one end close to water is arranged to be an inclined surface, and the slope of the inclined surface is 20-40 degrees.

5. The seaport breakwater of claim 1, wherein: the square hollow square protecting surface body is 1-3 tons in weight and 1.2-1.4 meters thick, the block stone cushion layer is 400 kilograms in weight and 900 millimeters in thickness, the block stone cushion layer is 400 millimeters in weight and 200 pounds in weight, and the bottom protecting cushion layer is 400 kilograms in weight and 900 millimeters in weight and 700 millimeters in thickness.

6. The seaport breakwater of claim 1, wherein: one side of the stone cushion layer is provided with a protective layer, the lower end of the protective layer is supported on the protective bottom layer, and a gap between the upper end of the protective layer and the protective surface body of the square hollow square block is filled with broken stones.