CN212955280U - Device for recovering noble metal in waste circuit board by combined smelting of waste circuit board and copper concentrate - Google Patents
Device for recovering noble metal in waste circuit board by combined smelting of waste circuit board and copper concentrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN212955280U CN212955280U CN202021561622.9U CN202021561622U CN212955280U CN 212955280 U CN212955280 U CN 212955280U CN 202021561622 U CN202021561622 U CN 202021561622U CN 212955280 U CN212955280 U CN 212955280U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device for recovering noble metals in waste circuit boards by jointly smelting waste circuit boards and copper concentrates, which comprises a waste circuit board crusher, wherein a disc granulator is arranged behind the waste circuit board crusher, four feeding hoppers are arranged above the disc granulator, after four raw materials of copper concentrates, waste circuit boards, copper concentrate auxiliary materials and desulfurization gypsum are granulated, the granulated raw materials are sent to an Osmante furnace for smelting, and furnace burden is discharged to a copper refining furnace for subsequent treatment; a waste heat recovery boiler, a flue gas purification chamber, a sulfuric acid absorption tower, a waste acid impurity removal tank, a waste acid filter and a desulfurized gypsum dryer are sequentially arranged behind the Osmant furnace, and after the generated flue gas is purified and absorbed by sulfuric acid, the generated waste acid impurity removal is generated into desulfurized gypsum which is then returned to the disc granulator for recycling; the utility model discloses solved simultaneously that the burning of waste circuit board generates dioxin easily and the problem that copper smelting produced bad sour desulfurization gypsum, all add reasonable recycle with two kinds of wastes material, can extensively use widely.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a device of noble metal in useless circuit board is jointly smelted and is retrieved to useless circuit board, copper concentrate belongs to electron trade discarded object and metallurgical industry joint development application technical field.
Background
With the scrapping of a large number of household appliances, the number of waste circuit boards is increasing, the recycling of the waste circuit boards is a new industry, the recycling value of the waste circuit boards also draws the attention of a plurality of investors, and the waste circuit boards become an industry with a great development prospect. The waste circuit board has complex components and high recycling difficulty, and dioxin is easily generated in the combustion process. Dioxin is a special organic compound with extremely strong toxicity and becomes an important factor for restricting the recycling of secondary resources containing organic matters such as waste circuit boards.
At present, the known generation mechanisms of dioxin in the high-temperature treatment process of waste circuit boards are generally two types:
(1) incomplete combustion (high temperature gas phase reaction)
When the organic components of the waste circuit board are treated at high temperature, incomplete combustion Products (PIC) are generated due to insufficient combustion, organic chlorine and part of inorganic chlorine contained in the halogen flame retardant in the organic resin are released in the form of HCl, and part of HCI can be converted into Cl and Cl2PIC may be chlorinated as a chlorine source. During the combustion, the oxidation reaction and chlorination reaction of incomplete combustion products are competitive reactions, and when the chlorination reaction is more likely to occur, the PIC generates chlorinated PIC, and then PCDD/Fs is generated through polymerization reaction. It is generally believed that PIC mainly comprises aliphatic or olefinic, acetylenic compounds which are chlorinated to form chlorobenzene, which is then converted to polychlorinated biphenyl, which reacts to form PCDFs in the combustion zone, and some PCDFs react further to form PCDDs.
(2) Secondary generation of dioxin after combustion (low-temperature heterogeneous catalytic reaction)
Secondary generation of dioxin after combustion generally takes two forms. The first method is called "de novo synthesis", i.e., the large molecular carbon (so-called residual carbon) in the fly ash is catalyzed by the transition metal such as Cu, Fe or the oxide thereof to generate PCDD/Fs with the organic or inorganic chlorine at low temperature (250-350 ℃). The second approach is "precursor synthesis", i.e., at 200-500 ℃ in CuCl2、FeCl3Under the action of the catalysts, various organic precursors such as polychlorinated biphenyl, chlorophenol and the like can be formed by incomplete combustion and heterogeneous catalytic reaction on the surface of fly ash, and PCDD/Fs are generated by the precursors. According to the reaction conditions, the secondary generation of dioxin usually occurs in a low-temperature zone in a waste circuit board smelting furnace or a flue matched with the furnace body.
In order to control the generation of dioxin, the following measures can be adopted when the waste circuit board is treated at high temperature:
(a) the combustion process is optimized. The combustion can be considered complete as long as the three principles that the combustion temperature is kept above 850 ℃, the combustion zone forms sufficient turbulence during secondary air supply and the residence time is more than 2s in the high-temperature zone are generally met. Generally, structurally, three principles are satisfied, and combustion is complete, with corresponding reduction in the dioxin precursors and dioxins from incomplete combustion from the combustion zone.
(b) Adding an inhibitor. Inhibitors of dioxins are mainly of three classes: s, S-containing compounds, nitrides and basic compounds. Of the three classes of inhibitors, it is believed that S and S-containing compounds have a higher ability to inhibit dioxins than the other two classes of compounds. Sulfur inhibition techniques are mainly based on consuming Cl in the atmosphere2The reaction with the metal catalyst in the fly ash to reduce the activity of the catalyst, and the sulfonation of the phenol precursor to control the generation of dioxin.
(c) And (4) rapidly cooling the flue gas. The residence time of the flue gas in a secondary synthesis temperature area of the dioxin is reduced, and low-temperature heterogeneous catalytic reaction is avoided.
In a large nonferrous metal smelting company smelter (hereinafter referred to as a large smelter), in 2014, an Ausmelt oxygen-enriched top-blown smelting furnace is adopted to be matched with copper concentrate to cooperatively treat a waste circuit board. The furnace type optimizes the combustion process (a), and can meet the '3T' principle of preventing the generation of dioxin, namely: maintaining a high Temperature (Temperature) in the furnace; prolonging the residence Time (Time) of the gas in the high temperature zone; the Turbulence of the air flow in the furnace is enhanced, and the diffusion and mixing of the air and the flue gas (Turbulence) are promoted. Meanwhile, the flue gas treatment technology of the quenching and washing method can avoid the low-temperature heterogeneous catalytic reaction in the step (c). However, this method has a great risk that (a) optimizing the combustion process and (b) rapidly cooling the flue gas only reduces the generation of dioxins to a certain extent, and once there is a large amount of reaction compounds required for the generation of dioxins, they can be regenerated. Therefore, it is more safe to add an inhibitor to prevent the dioxin-producing reaction.
To the means that (b) above-mentioned inhibitor is added and is controlled dioxin and generate, chinese patent CN105080325A discloses a method for suppressing solid waste incineration flue gas dioxin and generate, this utility model when burning the flue gas and cooling to 500~450 ℃, introduce the flue gas into the suppression reactor, make the copper chloride in the flue gas and the inhibitor reaction turn into copper metaphosphate to lose the activity of catalytic generation dioxin. The utility model discloses an additionally increased the suppression reactor device, the flue gas cooling is difficult for holding and controlling, and the suitability is not strong, especially is not suitable for large-scale pyrometallurgical smelting furnace technology.
For the reasons, the existing process method and process equipment for mixing and smelting the waste circuit board and the copper concentrate according to a certain proportion cannot be practically applied to industrial production, so that the improvement on the existing process equipment and process method enables the waste circuit board to directly participate in the mixing and smelting process of the copper concentrate, and has very important significance in directly carrying out environment-friendly recovery on valuable metals in the waste circuit board.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model discloses an aim at be exactly when smelting the burning to present useless circuit board and copper concentrate with certain proportion and retrieving wherein valuable metal, can't restrain the dioxin production completely, lead to the unable practical application of this technology problem on industrial production, provide a device that precious metal in useless circuit board, the copper concentrate jointly smelt and retrieve. The utility model discloses a device utilizes the desulfurization gypsum that the circulation produced, pelletizes the back with the copper concentrate together in the osmidt stove from generating dioxin inhibitor, need not to increase process flow in addition and additionally purchase the inhibitor, reaches the purpose that restraines the dioxin and produce, has really reached energy saving and emission reduction's effect.
The technical scheme of the utility model is that: device of noble metal in useless circuit board is jointly smelted to useless circuit board, copper concentrate, including useless circuit board breaker, especially: a belt conveyor is arranged in front of the waste circuit board crusher, a disc granulator is arranged behind the waste circuit board crusher, and four charging hoppers, namely a copper concentrate charging hopper, a waste circuit board charging hopper, a copper concentrate auxiliary material charging hopper and a desulfurized gypsum charging hopper, are arranged above the disc granulator; an Olsmot furnace is arranged behind the disc granulator, the disc granulator and the Olsmot furnace are connected through a belt conveyor, the four raw materials are conveyed to the Olsmot furnace by the belt conveyor for smelting after granulation of the disc granulator is finished, and the smelted furnace burden is discharged to a copper refining furnace for refining to produce copper and recovering other rare and noble metals; a waste heat recovery boiler, a flue gas purification chamber, a sulfuric acid absorption tower, a waste acid impurity removal tank, a waste acid filter and a desulfurized gypsum dryer are sequentially arranged behind the Osmant furnace, after the waste heat of the flue gas generated by smelting the Osmant furnace is recovered by the waste heat recovery boiler, purifying in a flue gas purification chamber, absorbing sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide in a sulfuric acid absorption tower to produce sulfuric acid, putting the waste acid after absorbing the flue gas into a waste acid impurity removal tank, adding quicklime for removing impurities, filtering in a waste acid filter, drying the obtained residue in a desulfurized gypsum dryer, the waste heat recovery device can return to a desulfurized gypsum hopper above the disc granulator for recycling and batching, and a pump and a valve are arranged on a connecting pipeline among the Osmant furnace, the waste heat recovery boiler, the flue gas purification chamber, the sulfuric acid absorption tower, the waste acid impurity removal tank, the waste acid filter and the desulfurized gypsum dryer according to needs.
The utility model discloses in still be connected with the tail gas absorption tower behind the sulphuric acid absorption tower for absorb the sulfur dioxide tail gas that has not handled.
The utility model discloses in waste circuit board breaker top still is equipped with dust collection device for collect the dust that the breaker produced, centralized processing.
The utility model discloses the desulfurization gypsum who uses is the solid useless in the flue gas washing system sour of smelting system at present, by adding quick lime edulcoration process in the contaminated acid and producing, newly-increased industrial waste desulfurization gypsum about 1.8 hundred million tons every year in the desulfurization process. The recycling of desulfurized gypsum has been a hot spot of research in recent years.
The principle of the utility model is that:
mixing the desulfurized gypsum with auxiliary materials such as a waste circuit board, copper concentrate, coke and the like, and then putting the mixture into an oxygen-enriched top-blown smelting furnace, wherein the reaction can occur in a low-temperature region below 500 ℃ as follows:
2C + O2↑ = 2CO↑；
CaSO4 + 4CO↑ = CaS+ 4CO↑；
CaSO4 + 2C = CaS+ 2CO2↑；
2CaS + 3O2 = 2CaO+2SO2↑；
the waste circuit board substrate contains epoxy resin, inorganic chlorine and organic chlorine in the epoxy resin can generate HCl during combustion, and part of HCI can be convertedIs Cl and Cl2It acts as a chlorine source to synthesize dioxins. The generated CaO can remove HCl in the flue gas and convert the HCl into CaCl2Mixed with the matte slag, the reaction is as follows:
CaO + 2HCl = CaCl2 + H2O；
at the same time, SO is formed2Cl in the flue gas2Converting into HCl, eliminating chlorine source of dioxin secondary generation reaction, and converting CuO into CuSO4The CuO catalyst for generating dioxin is passivated, so that the de novo synthesis of dioxin in a low-temperature region is inhibited, and the related main chemical equation is as follows:
Cl2 + SO2 +H2O = 2HCl + SO3
CuO + SO2 + 1/2O2 = CuSO4
can find out through above-mentioned reaction, the utility model discloses need not additionally to add the dioxin inhibitor, can be from generating dioxin inhibitor calcium oxide and sulfur dioxide to reach the purpose of the compound environmental protection requirement of dioxin emission.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of it is following:
(1) no inhibitor is additionally added, so that the dioxin treatment cost of the flue gas is saved;
(2) a large amount of solid waste, namely waste acid desulfurized gypsum in the smelting industry can be properly treated, so that the aim of recycling resources is fulfilled;
(3) the method has the advantages of no need of changing the original production process flow, simple operation, strong practicability and suitability for the process of a large-scale pyrometallurgical smelting furnace.
The device provided by the utility model can be applicable to large-scale pyrometallurgical furnace smelting technology and restrain useless circuit board and smelt, and can self-generate the inhibitor, restrain the generation of flue gas dioxin class and need not to increase process flow and additionally purchase the inhibitor, can also carry out resource utilization with discarded object desulfurization gypsum simultaneously, really reaches energy saving and emission reduction's purpose, is fit for extensively using widely.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the connection of the device of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a belt conveyor, a waste circuit board crusher, a disc granulator, a copper concentrate feeding hopper, a waste circuit board feeding hopper, a copper concentrate auxiliary material feeding hopper, a desulfurized gypsum feeding hopper, an Osmant furnace, a waste heat recovery boiler, a flue gas purification chamber, a sulfuric acid absorption tower, a waste acid impurity removal tank, a waste acid filtering machine, a desulfurized gypsum drying machine, a connecting pipeline, a pump, a valve, a tail gas absorption tower and a dust collection device, wherein the belt conveyor is 1, the waste circuit board crusher is 2, the disc granulator is 3, the copper concentrate feeding hopper is 4, the waste heat recovery boiler is 9, the flue gas purification chamber is 10, the sulfuric acid absorption tower is 11, the waste acid impurity removal tank is 12, the waste.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the technical solution of the present invention is: device of noble metal in useless circuit board is jointly smelted to useless circuit board, copper concentrate, including useless circuit board breaker 2, especially: a belt conveyor 1 is arranged in front of the waste circuit board crusher, a disc granulator 3 is arranged behind the waste circuit board crusher, and four charging hoppers, namely a copper concentrate charging hopper 4, a waste circuit board charging hopper 5, a copper concentrate auxiliary material charging hopper 6 and a desulfurization gypsum charging hopper 7, are arranged above the disc granulator; after the four raw materials are granulated in the disc granulator 3, the granulated raw materials are sent to an Osmant furnace 8 by a belt conveyor 1 for smelting, and the smelted furnace burden is discharged to a copper refining furnace for refining to produce copper and recovering other rare and precious metals (not shown in the figure); the waste heat recovery boiler 9, the flue gas purification chamber 10, the sulfuric acid absorption tower 11, the waste acid impurity removal tank 12, the waste acid filter 13 and the desulfurized gypsum dryer 14 are sequentially arranged behind the Osmant furnace 8, flue gas generated by smelting 8 of the Osmant furnace enters the flue gas purification chamber 10 for purification after waste heat is recovered by the waste heat recovery boiler 9, then enters the sulfuric acid absorption tower 11 for absorbing sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide to produce sulfuric acid, the waste acid after absorbing the flue gas is placed into the waste acid impurity removal tank 12, quicklime is added for impurity removal, the mixture is placed into the waste acid filter 13 for filtering, generated filter residues are placed into the desulfurized gypsum dryer 14 for drying, the filter residues can return to the desulfurized gypsum hopper 7 above the disc granulator 3 for recycling and batching, and a pump 16 and a valve 17 are arranged on a connecting pipeline 15 among the devices as required.
In this embodiment, a tail gas absorption tower 18 is further connected behind the sulfuric acid absorption tower 11 for absorbing untreated sulfur dioxide tail gas.
In this embodiment, a dust collecting device 19 is further disposed above the waste circuit board crusher 2, and is used for collecting and centrally processing dust generated by the crusher.
The above embodiments are only exemplary to explain the claims of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any way, and any person who performs equivalent changes, enlargement or reduction under the principle of the claims of the present invention should be considered as falling within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. Device of noble metal in useless circuit board is jointly smelted to useless circuit board, copper concentrate, including useless circuit board breaker, its characterized in that: a belt conveyor is arranged in front of the waste circuit board crusher, a disc granulator is arranged behind the waste circuit board crusher, and four charging hoppers, namely a copper concentrate charging hopper, a waste circuit board charging hopper, a copper concentrate auxiliary material charging hopper and a desulfurized gypsum charging hopper, are arranged above the disc granulator; the Osmant furnace is arranged behind the disc granulator, and the disc granulator is connected with the Osmant furnace through a belt conveyor; the waste heat recovery device is characterized in that a waste heat recovery boiler, a flue gas purification chamber, a sulfuric acid absorption tower, a waste acid impurity removal tank, a waste acid filter and a desulfurized gypsum dryer are sequentially arranged behind the Osmant furnace, and pumps and valves are arranged on connecting pipelines among the Osmant furnace, the waste heat recovery boiler, the flue gas purification chamber, the sulfuric acid absorption tower, the waste acid impurity removal tank, the waste acid filter and the desulfurized gypsum dryer according to needs.
2. The device for recovering the noble metals in the waste circuit boards by the joint smelting of the waste circuit boards and the copper concentrates as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: and a tail gas absorption tower is connected behind the sulfuric acid absorption tower.
3. The device for recovering the noble metals in the waste circuit boards by the joint smelting of the waste circuit boards and the copper concentrates as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: and a dust collecting device is also arranged above the waste circuit board crusher.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021561622.9U CN212955280U (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Device for recovering noble metal in waste circuit board by combined smelting of waste circuit board and copper concentrate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021561622.9U CN212955280U (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Device for recovering noble metal in waste circuit board by combined smelting of waste circuit board and copper concentrate |
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| CN212955280U true CN212955280U (en) | 2021-04-13 |
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| CN202021561622.9U Active CN212955280U (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Device for recovering noble metal in waste circuit board by combined smelting of waste circuit board and copper concentrate |
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