CN212954719U - Villages and towns sewage treatment system - Google Patents
Villages and towns sewage treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN212954719U CN212954719U CN202020276045.2U CN202020276045U CN212954719U CN 212954719 U CN212954719 U CN 212954719U CN 202020276045 U CN202020276045 U CN 202020276045U CN 212954719 U CN212954719 U CN 212954719U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a sewage treatment system for villages and towns, which comprises a plurality of sub-treatment systems, wherein each sub-treatment system comprises a biochemical treatment unit, a deep treatment unit, an air stripping system and a disinfection unit; the biochemical treatment unit comprises an anaerobic selection area, a facultative selection area and a main reaction area which are connected in sequence; and an aeration pipe is arranged at the bottom of the main reaction zone. The advanced treatment unit is an ultra-purification biological filter; and the ultra-purification biological filter tank is filled with filter filling materials. The SBR processing unit with the biological selector integrates the functions of homogenization, primary sedimentation, biodegradation, secondary sedimentation and the like in a pool, and is suitable for occasions with high effluent requirement, large intermittent discharge and flow change and tense land.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a domestic sewage treatment system, in particular to a treatment system suitable for domestic sewage in villages and towns.
Background
At present, sewage treatment processes with certain denitrification and dephosphorization effects for sewage treatment in villages and towns are roughly divided into five major categories: the first is a continuous flow activated sludge process with space-based segmentation; the second type is an intermittent activated sludge method in which the sludge is divided according to time; the third type is a biofilm method; the fourth type is membrane filtration; the fifth category is ecological management.
The continuous flow activated sludge process and the biofilm process divided according to the space refer to sewage treatment processes in which various treatment functions (such as water inlet, aeration, sedimentation and water outlet) are completed in different spaces (different tanks). The anaerobic property, the facultative property, the aerobic property and the precipitation are absolutely divided, so that the function singleness and the high efficiency of each space are effectively ensured. The current mature process comprises the following steps: AO, multistage AO, A2O, oxidation ditch process, etc. The intermittent activated sludge process divided by time is mainly an intermittent activated sludge process, also called a sequencing batch activated sludge process, and is an activated sludge sewage treatment process consisting of five basic processes of water inlet, aeration, sedimentation, drainage and standby in the same reaction tank (reactor) according to the time sequence. The main characteristic is orderly and intermittently operation, and the core technology of the sequencing batch activated sludge process is to integrate functions of homogenization, primary sedimentation, biodegradation, secondary sedimentation and the like in a pool without a sludge reflux system. The device is particularly suitable for occasions with intermittent discharge and large flow change. In recent years, various improvements have been developed, mainly including: conventional SBR, iceeas, CASS, CAST, MSBR processes, etc.
The biofilm method is a method for treating organic wastewater by using microorganisms (i.e., biofilms) attached to and growing on the surfaces of certain solid objects. The principle of the biomembrane method is that the biomembrane firstly adsorbs organic matters attached to a water layer, the organic matters are decomposed by aerobic bacteria of an aerobic layer and then enter an anaerobic layer for anaerobic decomposition, and a flowing water layer washes away the aged biomembrane to grow a new biomembrane, so that the aim of purifying sewage is fulfilled. The current mature process comprises the following steps: biological filter, biological rotating disc, biological contact oxidation and biological fluidized bed.
The Membrane filtration method mainly refers to an MBR (Membrane Bioreactor), and the MBR (Membrane Bioreactor) process is developed by combining the traditional biological treatment process and the Membrane separation technology. The MBR process consists of two parts, namely biological treatment and membrane treatment. The biological treatment part comprises an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank; the membrane treatment part comprises a membrane tank. The MBR membrane separation technology adopts an ultrafiltration method to replace the traditional biological treatment sedimentation tank, has good solid-liquid separation effect, and provides reliable guarantee for solving the problem of recycling water quality. The ecological management mainly refers to natural ecological treatment technologies such as wetland, oxidation pond, land treatment and the like, and the sewage is purified through the actions of plant absorption, land infiltration, indigenous microorganism decomposition and the like. The sewage in villages and towns of China mostly has imperfect distribution of rain and sewage; the water drainage is uneven, the day is more and the night is less, and the water drainage is generally concentrated in four time periods of three meals and night showering; the management capability of the sewage treatment station is poor; the water quality is characterized by large water consumption habits and dietary habits of regions and the like.
At present, the treatment process of domestic sewage in villages and towns is various, and a reasonable process is selected for treatment according to different effluent water quality requirements, geological topography, climate, management requirements and other factors. At present, the complete equipment for treating the domestic sewage of villages and towns mostly adopts three processes of biological contact oxidation, A3O + MBBR and MBR. The processes have one or more problems of large occupied area, high operating cost, difficult management and maintenance and the like.
With increasingly strict environmental requirements of the country, local standards are also developed in each place one after another, and part of main indexes even reach surface water IV class water standards such as 'discharge standard of water pollutants in Minjiang and Tuojiang drainage basins in Sichuan' (DB 51-2311-. The village and town sewage with small treatment capacity is also subjected to standard improvement from the original (GB18918-2002) primary B standard to the primary A standard, and partial sensitive areas even require that main indexes reach the ground surface IV water standard. The current complete equipment is difficult to realize.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model provides a sewage treatment system in villages and towns solves the big, the working costs height of villages and towns sewage treatment area, management maintenance difficulty, goes out water quality of water and can not reach high standard requirement scheduling problem.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the utility model is to adopt a village and town sewage treatment system, which comprises a plurality of sub-treatment systems, wherein each sub-treatment system comprises a biochemical treatment unit, an advanced treatment unit, an air stripping system and a disinfection unit; the biochemical treatment unit comprises an anaerobic selection area, a facultative selection area and a main reaction area which are connected in sequence; and an aeration pipe is arranged at the bottom of the main reaction zone. The advanced treatment unit is an ultra-purification biological filter; and the ultra-purification biological filter tank is filled with filter filling materials.
As an improvement, the water inlet side of the anaerobic selective area is distributed with inlet water by an inlet channel; the bottom of the water outlet side baffle is provided with a water outlet hole communicated with the facultative oxygen selection area; the facultative selective area and the main reaction area are separated by a baffle plate, and the top of the baffle plate is provided with an overflow port.
As a further improvement, a sludge discharge pipe communicated with a sludge drying bed is arranged in the main reaction zone.
As another further improvement, an intermediate water tank is arranged between the biochemical treatment unit and the advanced treatment unit.
As an improvement, the ultra-purification biological filter is a plurality of biological filters arranged side by side and is used for distributing water by utilizing a water distribution channel arranged at the front end of the biological filters.
As an improvement, the gas stripping system comprises an oxidation fan and a gas stripping gas pipe communicated with the oxidation fan; the gas stripping gas pipe is communicated with the main reaction area and the middle water pool; a mixed liquid return pipe is arranged between the main reaction zone and the facultative selection zone; a lifting pipe is arranged between the intermediate water tank and the ultra-purification biological filter; the gas pipe is respectively communicated with the mixed liquid return pipe and the lifting pipe.
As an improvement, the oxidation fan is connected with an aeration pipe.
As an improvement, the disinfection unit is an ultraviolet disinfection tube connected behind the advanced treatment unit.
Preferably, the number of the treatment subsystems is 4, and the treatment subsystems are respectively arranged on two sides of the water inlet channel.
Preferably, the number of the treatment subsystems is 4, and the treatment subsystems are arranged on one side of the water inlet channel side by side.
The utility model discloses an useful part lies in:
1. the SBR processing unit with the biological selector integrates the functions of homogenization, primary sedimentation, biodegradation, secondary sedimentation and the like in a first pool, and is suitable for occasions with high effluent requirement, large intermittent discharge and flow change and tense land;
2. the advanced treatment unit enhances the biological nitrogen removal, phosphorus removal and carbon removal efficiency;
3. the air stripping system greatly reduces the types and the quantity of power equipment, and can effectively reduce the investment, operation, maintenance and management costs;
4. a chemical phosphorus removal system and a carbon source adding system are added according to needs to ensure that the effluent is stable and reaches the standard;
5. the complete equipment can be flexibly configured according to the water outlet requirement, and the utilization rate of the equipment is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the main treatment unit and the sewage flow direction of the plant of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the stripping system of the plant of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the first plan layout of the biochemical treatment unit of the complete equipment of the invention (4 SBR tanks) with high effluent standard.
FIG. 4 is a schematic elevation view of a first plan layout of a biochemical treatment unit of a complete plant of the invention with high effluent standard (4 SBR tanks).
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the second plan layout of the biochemical treatment unit of the complete equipment of the invention with high effluent standard (4 SBR tanks).
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the second plan layout of the biochemical treatment unit of the complete set of equipment of the invention with high effluent standard (4 SBR tanks).
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the first plan layout of the biochemical treatment unit of the complete set of equipment of the invention (4 SBR tanks) with low water outlet requirements.
FIG. 8 is a schematic elevation view of a first schematic plan layout of the biochemical treatment unit of the complete set of equipment of the invention with a low effluent requirement (4 SBR tanks)
FIG. 9 is a second schematic plan view of the biochemical treatment unit of the complete set of the present invention (4 SBR tanks) with low effluent requirements
FIG. 10 is a schematic elevation view of a second schematic plan layout of the biochemical treatment unit of the complete set of equipment of the invention with low effluent requirements (4 SBR tanks)
Labeled as: 1-water inlet channel, 2-anaerobic selective zone, 3-facultative selective zone, 4-main reaction zone, 5-intermediate water tank, 6-highest water level of flooding period of super-purification biological filter, 7-filter filler, 8-water outlet zone of super-purification biological filter, 9-ultraviolet disinfection tube, 10-water outlet channel, 11-mixed liquor reflux tube, 12-oxidation blower, 13-gas stripping air tube, 14-aeration tube, 15-sludge discharge tube, 16-sludge drying field, 17-water collecting channel, 18-lifting tube and 19-water distribution channel.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments.
The utility model is used for handle the sewage that goes out water and reach "four chuan province chen jiang, tuo jiang basin water pollutant discharge standard (DB 51-2311-.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present invention comprises a plurality of sub-treatment systems, wherein the sub-treatment systems comprise a biochemical treatment unit, a deep treatment unit, an air stripping system and a disinfection unit; an intermediate water tank is arranged between the biochemical treatment unit and the advanced treatment unit.
The biochemical treatment unit is an SBR biochemical treatment unit with a biological selection area, and specifically comprises an anaerobic selection area 2, a facultative selection area 3 and a main reaction area 4 which are connected in sequence; the bottom of the main reaction zone 4 is provided with an aeration pipe 14. A sludge discharge pipe 15 communicated with a sludge drying bed 16 is arranged in the main reaction zone 4. The water inlet side of the anaerobic selection area 2 is distributed with inlet water by the inlet channel 1; the bottom of the water outlet side baffle is provided with a water outlet hole communicated with the facultative oxygen selection area 3; the facultative selective area 3 and the main reaction area 4 are separated by a baffle plate, and the top of the baffle plate is provided with an overflow port.
Anaerobic selective area 2 dominant species phosphorus-accumulating bacteria (mini-gram)Bacillus brevis negative, pseudomonas and aeromonas) constitute the main body of activated sludge flocs, and absorbed VFA is transported into cells by energy generated by hydrolysis of polyphosphate and glycolysis of intracellular sugars to be assimilated into intracellular carbon energy storage substance poly beta hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and simultaneously release phosphate. In the main reaction zone 4, the organic matters absorbed by the phosphorus-accumulating bacteria are oxidized and decomposed, and the energy is provided, and simultaneously, the phosphorus is excessively taken from the sewage, the phosphorus is stored in the bacteria in the form of polymerized phosphate to form high-phosphorus sludge, and the phosphorus is removed by discharging the residual sludge system. Facultative bacteria continue to absorb organic matter in facultative selective area 3, and denitrifying bacteria do NO to reflux the mixed liquor3-N and NO2Reduction of-N to N2Released to the air to achieve the aim of removing nitrogen. The main reaction zone 4 absorbs, decomposes and digests organic substances on the one hand and NH on the other hand3N nitration by nitrifying bacteria to produce NO3-N and NO2And N, performing denitrification by refluxing to the facultative tank. The water inlet and outlet of the SBR reaction tank with the biological selection area are distributed and catched by a water channel. The SBR effluent does not adopt a traditional decanter, and the water outlet is directly arranged at a position 0-500 mm above the sludge settling area when the SBR is settled, and the water outlet is provided with an electric valve for controlling the opening and the closing. The investment cost of the equipment is greatly reduced, and the installation and maintenance procedures are simplified. The number of SBR pools is generally 2-4. Because SBR integrates the functions of homogenization, primary sedimentation, biodegradation, secondary sedimentation and the like in a first pool. It is especially suitable for intermittent discharge, large flow rate change and tight land.
The advanced treatment unit adopts an ultra-purification biological filter to carry out biological strengthening treatment. The ultra-purification biological filter is filled with filter filler 7. The ultra-purification biological filter is a plurality of biological filters arranged side by side and is distributed with water by a water distribution channel 19 arranged at the front end.
The ultra-purification biological filter adopts downward flow, filter material (oyster shell, waste brick, iron slag, volcanic rock, zeolite and the like) with adsorption function and chemical property is adopted as filter material filling, residual soluble organic matters, phosphide and the like are adsorbed by utilizing the physical property (large specific surface area) and the chemical property of the filter material, and a biological film is gradually formed along with the lapse of time to decompose and eliminate adsorbed substances; meanwhile, chemical components in the filler can generate precipitates with phosphate dissolved in the sewage, so that the effect of intercepting and solidifying the phosphate in the sewage is achieved, and the purpose of removing phosphorus is achieved. The number and the operation period of the ultra-purification biological filter are consistent with those of SBR, the SBR precipitation effluent enters an intermediate water tank and is delivered to a water distribution channel on the surface of the ultra-purification biological filter through air lift, an electric valve is arranged at a water outlet below the ultra-purification biological filter, and the anaerobic/facultative (flooded) and aerobic (dry) states of the ultra-purification biological filter are adjusted through the opening and closing of the valve and the opening degree of the valve, so that the biochemical treatment is completed.
The gas stripping system comprises an oxidation fan 12 and a gas stripping air pipe 13 communicated with the oxidation fan 12; the gas stripping gas pipe is communicated with the main reaction zone 4 and the intermediate water tank 5; a mixed liquid return pipe 11 is arranged between the main reaction zone 4 and the facultative selective zone 4; a lifting pipe 18 is arranged between the intermediate water tank 5 and the ultra-purification biological filter. The gas pipe 13 is respectively communicated with the mixed liquid return pipe 11, the lifting pipe 18 and the sludge discharge pipe 15. The oxidation fan 12 is connected with an aeration pipe 14. Specifically, two gas stripping gas pipes 13 are arranged in the main reaction zone 4, one end of each gas stripping gas pipe is simultaneously connected with an aeration main pipe of an oxidation fan 12, the other end of each gas stripping gas pipe is respectively connected with a mixed liquid return pipe 11 and a sludge discharge pipe 15, the mixed liquid return pipe 11 is started from the main reaction zone 4 and is ended at the facultative oxygen selection zone 3, and the sludge discharge pipe 15 is started from the main reaction zone 4 and is ended at a sludge drying field 16; the middle water tank 5 is provided with 1 air stripping pipeline, one end of the air stripping pipeline is connected with the main aeration pipe of the oxidation fan 12, the other end of the air stripping pipeline is connected with a lifting pipe 18, and the lifting pipe 18 is arranged in the middle water tank 5 and is stopped at a water distribution channel 19 of the ultra-purification biological filter; only one oxidation fan 12 is simultaneously connected with 3 air stripping pipelines and 1 aeration pipeline, so that the backflow of mixed liquid, the sludge discharge, the sewage lifting and the aeration can be realized, and a mixed liquid backflow pump, a sludge discharge pump and a lifting pump of the intermediate water tank 5 are saved.
The gas stripping system refers to gas stripping at three positions of mixed liquid backflow of the SBR pool, sludge discharge and water lifting of the middle pool. The prior complete equipment needs to be provided with a mixed liquid reflux pump, a sludge discharge pump and a lift pump, and the invention replaces the three pumps by the gas stripping pipeline, thereby greatly reducing the investment, operation and maintenance cost. The blower used by air stripping is combined with the oxygen supply blower of the aeration tank into a whole, and the requirements of each functional area are met through pipeline design and valve control. The power equipment matched in the whole complete set of equipment is only one oxidation fan 12 (for safe and stable operation, two oxidation fans can be configured, one oxidation fan is used for operation and one oxidation fan is used for standby). The specific content of the gas stripping system is that the gas stripping principle is utilized, namely the density of a steam-water mixture formed after gas enters a water phase is lower than that of water, the water phase is lifted through the water column pressure generated by the density difference between the inside and the outside of a gas stripping pipe, and the same lifting effect as a mechanical pump is achieved.
The disinfection unit is an ultraviolet disinfection tube connected to the rear part of the advanced treatment unit.
The embodiment is to treat 4 subsystems as an example, but not to limit the invention.
In embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, 4 subsystems are respectively arranged on two sides of the water inlet channel and are higher than the effluent standard.
Embodiment 2 as shown in fig. 5 and 5, 4 subsystems are arranged side by side on one side of the water inlet channel and are higher than the effluent standard.
In the domestic sewage treatment process, the reduction of total phosphorus from 0.5mg/L to 0.3mg/L is a great leap, and except the biochemical treatment, the stable standard reaching of effluent can be ensured only by combining chemical phosphorus removal. The chemical phosphorus removal dosing point is arranged in the SBR reaction tank, and when the total phosphorus of inlet water exceeds the design requirement or the total phosphorus of outlet water exceeds the standard due to the change of climate, water temperature, water quality and the like, a phosphorus removal agent can be dosed into the SBR reaction tank to ensure that the outlet water stably reaches the standard.
When the inflow water of the village and town sewage enters the advanced treatment unit and the problem of insufficient carbon source occurs, a carbon source adding system can be added, and the carbon source generally selects methanol, sodium acetate and the like.
When the effluent only needs to reach the first class B standard or the first class A standard (GB18918-2002), the middle water tank and the advanced treatment unit (the ultra-purification biological filter) at the rear end can be omitted.
Embodiment 3 as shown in fig. 7 and 8, 4 subsystems are respectively arranged on two sides of the water inlet channel and are in a low water outlet standard.
Embodiment 4 as shown in fig. 9 and 10, 4 subsystems are arranged side by side on one side of the water inlet channel and have a low water outlet standard.
The sewage after being pretreated by the coarse grating, the fine grating, the grit chamber and the adjusting tank is distributed through the water inlet channel 1, the water inlet channel 1 is not provided with a valve, and the inlet is slightly higher than the designed water level of the SBR tank. The sewage firstly enters an anaerobic selective area 2 of the SBR pool, enters a facultative selective area 3 through a bottom hole of the partition wall, and then enters a main reaction area 4 through an upper hole of the partition wall. The oxidation fan 2 is started to aerate the main reaction zone 4 and simultaneously provide the air quantity required by gas stripping for the mixed liquid return pipe 11. The sewage is subjected to the functions of organic matter adsorption and decomposition, phosphorus release, phosphorus accumulation, nitrification and denitrification in the anaerobic selection area 2, the facultative selection area 3 and the main reaction area 4, and most pollutants in the sewage are removed. The SBR biological treatment unit with the selection area starts to drain water after water inlet, aeration and sedimentation. And the former decanter is omitted in the water drainage, a drainage hole is directly arranged at the position of 0-500 mm above the sludge settling area, and the outlet water enters the water collecting channel 17 and then enters the intermediate water tank 5. And each drain hole is provided with an electric gate valve, and the gate valve is opened for draining water in the original decanting period. The middle water tank 5 provides air volume through an oxidation fan 12, and sewage in the middle water tank 5 is sent to the ultra-purification biological filter through a lifting pipe 18 through an air lifting pipe 13. The super-purification biological filter controls the anaerobic state and the aerobic state through the flooding period and the dry falling period, and achieves the purpose of advanced treatment through the actions of anaerobic, aerobic and biomembrane. The operation cycle is the middle time period of the two drainage periods of the previous SBR pool. If the group A SBR pool starts to feed water at the ratio of 9:00, starts to drain water at the ratio of 13:00, starts to feed water again at the ratio of 15: 00 and starts to drain water at the ratio of 19:00, the corresponding operation period of the ultra-purification biological filter pool is 13: 00-19: 00. The effluent of the ultra-purification biological filter is sterilized by an ultraviolet disinfection tube (9) and then is discharged after reaching the standard.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and enhancements can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and enhancements are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a villages and towns sewage treatment system, includes a plurality of sub-processing systems, its characterized in that: the sub-processing system comprises a biochemical processing unit, an advanced processing unit, an air stripping system and a disinfection unit;
the biochemical treatment unit comprises an anaerobic selection area, a facultative selection area and a main reaction area which are connected in sequence; an aeration pipe is arranged at the bottom of the main reaction zone;
the advanced treatment unit is an ultra-purification biological filter; and the ultra-purification biological filter tank is filled with filter filling materials.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein: the water inlet side of the anaerobic selection area is distributed with water by a water inlet channel; the bottom of the water outlet side baffle is provided with a water outlet hole communicated with the facultative oxygen selection area; the facultative selective area and the main reaction area are separated by a baffle plate, and the top of the baffle plate is provided with an overflow port.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein: and a sludge discharge pipe communicated with the sludge drying bed is arranged in the main reaction zone.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein: an intermediate water tank is arranged between the biochemical treatment unit and the advanced treatment unit.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein: the ultra-purification biological filter is a plurality of biological filters arranged side by side and is used for water distribution by utilizing a water distribution channel arranged at the front end of the biological filters.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein: the gas stripping system comprises an oxidation fan and a plurality of gas stripping gas pipes communicated with the oxidation fan; the gas stripping gas pipe is communicated with the main reaction area and the middle water pool; a mixed liquid return pipe is arranged between the main reaction zone and the facultative selection zone; a lifting pipe is arranged between the intermediate water tank and the ultra-purification biological filter; the gas-stripping gas pipe is respectively communicated with the mixed liquid return pipe and the lifting pipe.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein: the oxidation fan is connected with the aeration pipe.
8. The system of claim 5, wherein: the disinfection unit is an ultraviolet disinfection tube connected to the rear part of the advanced treatment unit.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein: the number of the sub-treatment systems is 4, and the sub-treatment systems are respectively arranged on two sides of the water inlet channel.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein: the number of the sub-treatment systems is 4, and the sub-treatment systems are arranged on one side of the water inlet channel side by side.
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