CN212924903U - Wood tar and wood vinegar separating, recovering and burning system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a wood tar, pyroligneous liquor separation, recovery, combustion system aims at providing a method and equipment of effective separation, recovery, processing wood tar, pyroligneous liquor, and the system that reduces pollution discharge, improves energy utilization efficiency. It includes inertia decoking ware, cyclone dust removal decoking ware, gas conveyer pipe, combustion chamber, sprays burner tip, gas boiler, the utility model is suitable for a various wooden tar, pyrolkigneous liquid recovery burning are used.

Description

Wood tar and wood vinegar separating, recovering and burning system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of charcoal processing industry equipment technique and specifically relates to a wood tar, pyroligneous liquid separation, recovery, combustion system in charcoal waste gas is related to.

Background

Biomass gasification is a main conversion technology for high-grade utilization of biomass energy, is an energy conversion process for burning and reducing biomass raw materials in an anoxic state, can convert solid biomass raw materials into high-grade combustible gas, obtains biomass charcoal at the same time, and is an efficient biomass energy utilization means.

However, the pyroligneous liquor and the wood tar generated in the pyrolysis gasification process can cause blockage, pollution and corrosion to pipelines, stoves, gas internal combustion engines and the like, so that the generated biogas needs to be properly purified, but the current biogas purification device has large investment and unsatisfactory purification effect, so that the purification system has short service life and poor economic benefit, and is not suitable for popularization and application.

The biomass tar and the pyroligneous liquor are generated in the gasification process, the biomass tar is a complex compound consisting of aromatic hydrocarbon and derivatives thereof and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, more than 100 components can be analyzed, and many components are difficult to determine. About 7 of them are benzene, naphthalene, toluene, xylene, styrene, phenol and indene in mass fraction of more than 5%. The biomass tar is liquid below 200 ℃ and is gaseous above 300 ℃, and can be decomposed into micromolecular permanent gas at high temperature. The main component of the wood vinegar is acetic acid.

The mixed liquid cannot be discharged, so that no effective utilization means exists at present, and the mixed liquid can cause environmental pollution if not treated. The combustion is one of effective utilization means, can not only increase the energy utilization (accounting for about 15 percent of the total amount of fuel gas energy), but also reduce the environmental pollution, mainly generates carbon dioxide after the combustion, and can be directly discharged.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a safe and efficient system for separating, recovering and combusting wood tar and wood vinegar.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:

a system for separating, recovering and burning wood tar and pyroligneous comprises an inertial dust removal and decoking device connected with a gas conveying pipeline, a storage tank for storing the tar and the pyroligneous, a secondary cyclone dust removal and decoking device, a high-temperature combustion chamber, a waste heat gas boiler, a tar and pyroligneous mixed combustion device, and an additional water cooling, compressed air and conveying pipeline system; the dust-removing and coke-removing device and the secondary cyclone dust-removing and coke-removing device are arranged side by side and communicated, the storage tank is arranged below the dust-removing and coke-removing device, a coke oil pipe on the secondary cyclone dust-removing and coke-removing device is connected into the storage tank, the secondary cyclone dust-removing and coke-removing device is connected with the high-temperature combustion chamber through a gas pipeline, the high-temperature combustion chamber is connected with the waste heat gas boiler, the high-temperature combustion chamber and the waste heat gas boiler are arranged on the ground, the tar and pyroligneous liquid mixed combustion device is attached to the high-temperature combustion chamber, and the tar and pyroligneous liquid mixed combustion device is connected with the storage. Preferably, the high-temperature combustion chamber is built by adopting refractory bricks, and the internal structure of the high-temperature combustion chamber is a square cavity combustion chamber or a circular cavity combustion chamber.

Preferably, the tar and pyroligneous mixed combustion device is formed by sleeving a tar pyroligneous pipe, a compressed air pipe and a cooling water pipe into a whole, the three circular pipes are fixedly welded into a whole, an end panel is arranged at the outlet ends of the compressed air and the pyroligneous liquor, one end of the compressed air pipe is sealed and welded with the outer diameter of the tar pyroligneous pipe, and one end of the cooling water pipe is sealed and welded with the outer diameter of the compressed air pipe.

The combustion chamber is built by adopting refractory bricks, and the internal structure of the combustion chamber is a square combustion chamber with a cavity.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of as follows:

the utility model adopts the existing inertial dust removal and decoking device and the existing cyclone dust removal and decoking device, and two-stage dust removal and decoking. The tar and pyroligneous liquor removal efficiency is high, the combustion of the tar and pyroligneous liquor in a high-temperature combustion chamber is more thorough, and the effects of high heat energy utilization efficiency and less pollutant discharge are achieved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the tar and pyroligneous mixed combustion device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a right end view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the inertial dust and coke catcher of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the cyclone dust and coke knocker of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a spray atomizing mixed combustion device with a water cooling jacket, which is used for the mixed combustion device of tar and pyroligneous of the present invention;

in the figure, 1-an inertial dust removal and decoking device, 2-a tar and pyroligneous storage tank, 3-a cyclone dust removal and decoking device, 4-a combustion chamber, 5-a waste heat gas boiler, 6-a tar and pyroligneous mixed combustion device, 61-a cooling water pipe, 62-a compressed air pipe, 63-a tar and pyroligneous pipe and 64-an end panel.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention. In the following description, for the sake of clarity of illustrating the structure and operation of the present invention, reference will be made to the accompanying drawings by means of directional terms, but the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", etc. should be construed as convenient terms and not as limitative terms.

As shown in fig. 1, the system for separating, recovering and burning the wood tar and the pyroligneous liquor comprises an inertial dust removal and decoking device 1, a tar and pyroligneous liquor storage tank 2, a cyclone dust removal and decoking device 3, a combustion chamber 4, a waste heat gas boiler 5, a tar and pyroligneous liquor mixed combustion device 6 and an additional water cooling, compressed air and conveying pipeline system; the dust-removing and coke-removing device 1 is, as shown in fig. 4, connected with the secondary cyclone dust-removing and coke-removing device 3, as shown in fig. 5, in parallel and communicated, the storage tank 2 is arranged below the dust-removing and coke-removing device 1, the coke oil pipe on the secondary cyclone dust-removing and coke-removing device 3 is connected to the storage tank 2, the secondary cyclone dust-removing and coke-removing device 3 is connected with the high-temperature combustion chamber 4 through a gas pipe, the high-temperature combustion chamber 4 is connected with the waste heat gas boiler 5, the high-temperature combustion chamber 4 and the waste heat gas boiler 5 are arranged on the ground, the tar and pyroligneous liquid mixed combustion device 6, as shown in fig. 6, is attached to the high-temperature combustion chamber 4, and the tar and pyroligneous liquid mixed combustion device 6 is.

The high-temperature combustion chamber 4 is built by adopting refractory bricks, and high-temperature gas, pyroligneous liquor and wood tar are mixed and combusted, so that the combustion is more thorough, the heat energy is more fully utilized, and the pollutant emission is less. The tar and pyroligneous mixed combustion device 6 adopts a jet atomization mixed combustion device with a water cooling jacket, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the device is formed by sleeving and welding three layers of tar and pyroligneous liquid pipes 63, a compressed air pipe 62 and a cooling water pipe 61, the three circular pipes are fixed into a whole by welding, an end panel 64 is arranged at the outlet ends of the compressed air and the tar and pyroligneous liquid, one end of the compressed air pipe 62 is sealed and welded with the outer diameter of the tar and pyroligneous liquid pipe, and one end of the cooling water pipe 61 is sealed and welded with the outer diameter of the. The dust removal and decoking device 1 and the secondary cyclone dust removal and decoking device 3 are conventional universal devices, the internal structure of the combustion chamber 4 is a square cavity, and the waste heat gas boiler 5 adopts a universal gas boiler.

The working process is as follows:

when the combustible gas of the wood gasification furnace is conveyed to the existing inertial dust removal and decoking device through a pipeline, tar liquid drops with larger mass collide with a baffle plate of the dust removal device and are adhered to the baffle plate, as shown in figure 4, as the temperature of the fuel gas is 75-90 ℃, tar can not be condensed and enters a tar and pyroligneous liquid storage tank through a pipeline in a liquid state, and the storage tank is provided with a steam heating system to prevent tar from being condensed. The gas continuously enters the existing cyclone dust removal and decoking device, secondary dust removal and decoking are carried out as shown in figure 5, most of tar and pyroligneous liquor are collected and recycled at the moment due to the temperature reduction, and the tar and pyroligneous liquor enter a tar and pyroligneous liquor storage tank. The mixed liquid of tar and pyroligneous is conveyed through a pipeline, compressed air is pressurized, and the mixed liquid is sprayed into a combustion chamber in a mist shape to be combusted with fuel gas, so that the heat energy can be increased, and the environmental pollution is reduced.

The biomass dust and tar are generated along with the fuel gas in the wood carbonization process. The dust exists in the form of particles, the tar is a gasification volatile matter in the wood carbonization process, and is a complex compound consisting of aromatic hydrocarbon and derivatives thereof, and the generation mechanism is as follows:

biomass solid + heat → charcoal + CO + CO2+ H2O + CH4+ C2H4+ pyrolignous acid + tar

The tar is more than 5% by mass, is respectively high molecular organic compounds such as benzene, naphthalene, toluene, xylene, styrene, phenol and the like, has the viscosity of 3.1mPas, is very sensitive to the temperature, is in a gas state at more than 300 ℃, and is condensed into a liquid state at the temperature of less than 200 ℃. The particle size of dust particles in the fuel gas is 0.5 μm, and tar exists in the form of liquid drops (diameter is 1 μm) in a mist state, and the mass of the tar is larger than that of other substances in the fuel gas.

As shown in fig. 4-6, by utilizing the characteristic of larger mass density of dust particles and tar droplets, the gas can be effectively separated by adopting cyclone separation equipment, specifically, the gas enters tangentially from a cyclone cylinder to cause the airflow to rotate in the cylinder, the particles with larger mass and inertia, the tar droplets and other substances are thrown to the wall of the cylinder due to larger centrifugal force, are adhered to the wall, drop downwards due to the gravity of the gas and are collected by a pipeline, the gas is conveyed to the next step from the middle pipeline, and the tar and pyroligneous mixed combustion device adopts a jet atomization mixed combustion device with a water cooling jacket.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A system for separating, recovering and combusting wood tar and wood vinegar is characterized in that: the device comprises an inertial dust removal and decoking device (1) connected with a gas conveying pipeline, a storage tank (2) for storing tar and pyroligneous, a secondary cyclone dust removal and decoking device (3), a high-temperature combustion chamber (4), a waste heat gas boiler (5), a tar and pyroligneous mixed combustion device (6), and an additionally arranged water cooling, compressed air and conveying pipeline system; the dust-removing and coke-removing device and the secondary cyclone dust-removing and coke-removing device are arranged side by side and communicated, the storage tank is arranged below the dust-removing and coke-removing device, a coke oil pipe on the secondary cyclone dust-removing and coke-removing device is connected into the storage tank, the secondary cyclone dust-removing and coke-removing device is connected with the high-temperature combustion chamber through a gas pipeline, the high-temperature combustion chamber is connected with the waste heat gas boiler, the high-temperature combustion chamber and the waste heat gas boiler are arranged on the ground, the tar and pyroligneous liquid mixed combustion device is attached to the high-temperature combustion chamber, and the tar and pyroligneous liquid mixed combustion device is connected with the storage.

2. The system for separating, recovering and combusting wood tar and pyroligneous liquor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the combustion chamber (4) is built by adopting refractory bricks, and the internal structure is a square combustion chamber with a cavity.

3. The system for separating, recovering and combusting wood tar and pyroligneous liquor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the tar and pyroligneous mixed combustion device (6) is formed by sleeving a tar pyroligneous pipe (63), a compressed air pipe (62) and a cooling water pipe (61) into a whole, the three round pipes are fixedly welded into a whole, an end panel (64) is arranged at the outlet ends of the compressed air and the tar pyroligneous, one end of the compressed air pipe (62) is sealed and welded with the outer diameter of the tar pyroligneous pipe, and one end of the cooling water pipe (61) is sealed and welded with the outer diameter of the compressed air pipe.

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