CN212894825U - End quenching automation device - Google Patents
End quenching automation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN212894825U CN212894825U CN202020754431.8U CN202020754431U CN212894825U CN 212894825 U CN212894825 U CN 212894825U CN 202020754431 U CN202020754431 U CN 202020754431U CN 212894825 U CN212894825 U CN 212894825U
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Abstract
An end quenching automatic device is characterized in that a feeding platform is arranged on the feeding side of a frame base, a material receiving vehicle is arranged on the discharging side, a heating furnace A, an end quenching testing machine, a heating furnace B and a laser marking machine are sequentially arranged from the feeding side to the discharging side, a cross beam is arranged right above an inner cavity and fixedly arranged on the frame base, a track extending from the feeding side to the discharging side is arranged on the cross beam, a manipulator grabbing mechanism for grabbing a sample is arranged on the track, the manipulator grabbing mechanism comprises a sliding body capable of moving along the track, a vertical guide rail is arranged on the sliding body, a moving frame capable of moving up and down along the vertical guide rail is arranged on the vertical guide rail, a mechanical arm is arranged on the moving frame, and a high-temperature-resistant clamping finger for clamping the. The automatic sample grabbing device has the advantages that the automatic sample grabbing device can automatically grab a sample after the sample is automatically charged into a furnace, reaches a set temperature and is kept warm for a set time, the sample can be stably placed on an end quenching test bed, automatic quenching is realized, and the sample is automatically moved out and marked after quenching. The test efficiency and the test accuracy are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a sample processing device, in particular to an end quenching automation device.
Background
The technical center adopts an old-fashioned resistance furnace, needs to be manually clamped and placed into an end quenching tester by using iron tongs, and has the advantages of occupying manual operation and high potential safety hazard; the time of exposing the sample in the air during the process from taking out the sample from the resistance furnace to placing the end quenching testing machine is uncontrollable, so that the experimental result and the efficiency are influenced; the end quenching testing machine is easy to generate impurities such as ferric oxide and the like in the quenching process, the manual cleaning is time-consuming, and the phenomena of blockage of a circulating water pump and the like are easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to prior art not enough, provide a guarantee artifical safety, improve test efficiency and accuracy's end and quench automation equipment.
The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme, and the end quenching automation device is characterized in that: the automatic sample gripping device is provided with a frame base, an inner cavity for placing equipment of each process is arranged in the frame base, a feeding platform is arranged on the feeding side of the inner cavity, a material receiving vehicle is arranged on the discharging side of the frame base, a heating furnace A, an end quenching testing machine, a heating furnace B and a laser marking machine are sequentially arranged in the inner cavity from the feeding side to the discharging side, a cross beam is arranged right above the inner cavity and fixedly arranged on the frame base, a track extending from the feeding side to the discharging side is arranged on the cross beam, a manipulator gripping mechanism for gripping a sample is arranged on the track and comprises a sliding body capable of moving along the track, a vertical guide rail is arranged on the sliding body, a moving frame capable of moving up and down along the vertical guide rail is arranged on the vertical guide rail, a manipulator is arranged on the moving frame, and a high-.
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model can also further realize through following technical scheme, be equipped with on removing the frame with the crossbeam on track parallel arrangement have a transverse guide, be equipped with the mount pad that is used for installing the arm on the transverse guide, be equipped with position locking device between transverse guide and the mount pad.
The utility model discloses the technical problem that solve can also further realize through following technical scheme, be equipped with vertical adjustment tank on the arm, be equipped with adjustment tank complex locking hole on the mount pad, locking downthehole be equipped with be used for with the tight stop pin of adjustment tank cooperation round pin.
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model can also further realize through following technical scheme, the arm is equipped with four side by side, and the distance between the adjacent arm is adjusted through the removal of mount pad on transverse guide.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, can realize that the sample is automatic to be adorned stove, reachs and set for the temperature and keep warm after the set for time, the furnace gate is automatic to be opened, and the manipulator snatchs the sample automatically to can be in 5S the steady placing of sample at end quenching test bench, realize automatic quenching, the quenching time shifts out from quenching station is automatic after arriving, satisfies the terminal experimental method standard of "GB/T225-2006" steel hardenability. The manual safety is guaranteed, and the test efficiency and the test accuracy are improved. Automatic transformation of the heat treatment and quenching processes of the stone steel technology center is carried out, and unmanned production and information data acquisition can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial view of a truss type robot;
FIG. 3 is (a) a water spraying device;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the hardenability of the steel measured by the end quenching test.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, and in order to make those skilled in the art understand the present invention further, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
An end quenching automation device is provided with a frame base 9, an inner cavity for placing equipment of each process is arranged in the frame base, a feeding platform 1 is arranged on the feeding side of the inner cavity, a material receiving vehicle 8 is arranged on the discharging side of the frame base, a heating furnace A3, an end quenching testing machine 5, a heating furnace B6 and a laser marking machine 7 are sequentially arranged in the inner cavity from the feeding side to the discharging side, a cross beam 2 is arranged right above the inner cavity and fixedly arranged on a frame base, a track extending from a feeding side to a discharging side is arranged on the cross beam, a manipulator grabbing mechanism 4 for grabbing a sample is arranged on the track, the manipulator grabbing mechanism comprises a sliding body 11 capable of moving along the track, a vertical guide rail 10 is arranged on the sliding body, a moving frame 13 capable of moving up and down along the vertical guide rail is arranged on the vertical guide rail, a mechanical arm 14 is arranged on the moving frame, and a high-temperature-resistant clamping finger 15 for clamping the sample is arranged at the lower end of the mechanical arm.
The moving frame is provided with a transverse guide rail which is parallel to the rail on the cross beam, the transverse guide rail is provided with a mounting seat 11 for mounting the mechanical arm, and a position locking device is arranged between the transverse guide rail and the mounting seat 11. The position locking device can be formed by a locking screw hole and a locking screw which are matched with each other, and the end part of the locking screw is pressed against the transverse guide rail to realize locking by tightening the locking screw.
The mechanical arm is provided with a vertical adjusting groove, the mounting seat is provided with a locking hole matched with the adjusting groove, and a locking pin matched with the adjusting groove and tightened is arranged in the locking hole.
The four mechanical arms are arranged side by side, and the distance between every two adjacent mechanical arms is adjusted through the movement of the mounting base on the transverse guide rail.
Detailed description of the invention
The method comprises the following steps:
the automatic heating quenching device is in a standby state, samples are manually stacked, one group of four samples is arranged, and default serial numbers are 1, 2, 3.
Step two:
the following parameters are input on the Siemens PLC control panel: heating temperature K1 of the heating furnace A, and heating time T1 of the heating furnace A; heating temperature K2 of the heating furnace B, and heating time T2 of the heating furnace B; and quenching time T3. (the system automatically loads the preset time: the heating furnace feeding time T4, the end quenching machine feeding time T5 and the end quenching machine blanking time T6).
Step three: (heating furnace A heating step)
The automatic heating quenching device is started to operate, and after the sample on the grating induction feeding platform is detected, whether the sample is heated in the heating furnace A or not is preferentially judged. If the heating furnace A is empty, the program judges whether the heating time T1 of the heating furnace A minus the residual time of the heating furnace B is more than T3+ T5+ T6 (total time of the quenching automation process), and if not, the manipulator waits for T1 minus the residual time of the heating furnace B (namely, the automatic quenching time of the heating furnace B is not influenced). And when the heating furnace B runs empty, the manipulator grabs the sample and moves the sample to the position above the heating furnace A, the furnace door is automatically opened, the furnace door is automatically closed after the sample is placed in, the protective atmosphere is filled in, the heating time and the temperature are set according to a program for heating after the sample is heated to the set temperature. The manipulator returns to the zero position to perform the re-programming determination.
Step four: (heating furnace B heating step)
After the grating senses the sample on the feeding platform, whether the sample is heated in the heating furnace A or not is preferably judged, at the moment, the heating furnace A is in a running state, whether the heating furnace B is in an empty load or not is judged, and if the furnace B is in a running state, the manipulator keeps a zero position waiting instruction. If the furnace B is empty, the program judges whether the residual time of the heating furnace A subtracted from T2 is greater than T3+ T5+ T6 (namely the automatic quenching time of the heating furnace A is not influenced), if not, the manipulator waits for the residual time of the heating furnace A subtracted from T2, and the setting does not interfere with the automatic quenching of the sample in the furnace A and does not cause the heating time of the sample in the furnace B to be too long due to the fact that the automatic quenching process of the sample in the furnace A is waited. And if the residual time of the heating furnace A subtracted from the T2 meets the condition, the manipulator grabs the sample and moves the sample to the position above the heating furnace B, the furnace door is automatically opened, the furnace door is automatically closed after the sample is placed in, protective atmosphere is filled in, the heating time and the heating temperature are set according to the program for heating after the sample is heated to the set temperature. The manipulator returns to the zero position to perform the re-programming determination.
Step five: (automatic quenching step of A group sample in heating furnace)
After the heating of the heating furnace A is finished, the program judges whether the end quenching testing machine is under the empty load. If the furnace door is in the running state, the manipulator directly waits for the sending of a discharging completion signal of the end quenching testing machine, moves to the position above the heating furnace A, the furnace door is automatically opened, the manipulator simultaneously grabs 4 samples, the samples are accurately placed in a sample rack of the end quenching testing machine within 5 seconds, the samples trigger photoelectric sensing signals, the water spraying function is automatically started, and the quenching water spraying time is executed according to T3. If the end quenching machine is in an empty load state at the moment, the program is needed to judge whether the residual heating time of the heating furnace B is more than T5+ T6 (namely, the quenching time and the quenching blanking time of the group B samples are exceeded), if not, the residual heating time of the heating furnace B is delayed by T5+ T6-B furnace, and the samples in the heating furnace B are prevented from being subjected to collision quenching in the quenching process of the samples in the heating furnace A; if the requirement is met, the automatic quenching process is carried out in the same way.
And after quenching is finished, laser marking the sample in the heating furnace A by the mechanical arm, and then placing the sample in the heating furnace A into a cooling water tank, thus finishing the automatic heating and quenching process of the sample in the heating furnace A.
Step six: (automatic quenching step of group B sample in heating furnace)
After the heating of the heating furnace B is finished, the program judges whether the end quenching testing machine is under the empty load. If the furnace door is in the running state, the manipulator directly waits for the sending of a discharging completion signal of the end quenching testing machine, moves to the position above the heating furnace B, the furnace door is automatically opened, the manipulator simultaneously grabs 4 samples, the samples are accurately placed in a sample rack of the end quenching testing machine within 5 seconds, the samples trigger photoelectric sensing signals, the water spraying function is automatically started, and the quenching water spraying time is executed according to T3. If the end quenching machine is in an empty load state at the moment, the program is needed to judge whether the residual heating time of the heating furnace A is more than T5+ T6 (namely, the quenching time and the quenching blanking time of the group A samples are exceeded), if not, the residual heating time of the heating furnace A is delayed by T5+ T6-A furnace, and the samples in the heating furnace A are prevented from being quenched in a collision manner in the quenching process of the samples in the heating furnace B; if the requirement is met, the automatic quenching process is carried out in the same way. And after quenching is finished, placing a cooling water tank after the laser marking of the sample in the heating furnace B by the manipulator, and finishing the automatic heating and quenching process of the sample in the heating furnace B.
Step seven:
the automatic heating quenching device can stop, change and continue at any time according to the set program of the Siemens PLC panel, and the work of the automatic heating quenching device is finished after the total program is finished.
Primary equipment and its parameters
End quenching testing machine
Introduction to the device
The device is required to fully meet the regulations in GB/T225-2006, ISO642 and ASTM A225 standards. The method is suitable for end face quenching experiments of high-quality carbon structural steel, alloy structural steel, spring steel, part of tool steel, bearing steel, low-hardenability structural steel and other steel types. Compared with a common end quenching testing machine, the testing machine is improved in the following aspects, so that the testing machine has high technological content, stability and advancement and is far ahead of the generation of products, and meanwhile, the use of a user is facilitated.
The system adopts an advanced digital quenching time control system, can automatically complete the whole work cycle of starting, automatic water spraying, quenching and alarm ending, and has the advantages of reasonable design and layout of the whole machine, compact structure, easy use and convenient maintenance and repair.
Features of the apparatus
a) The testing machine comprises a frame, a high-low water tank, an automatic water circulating system of a water pump, a water spraying time setting system, an automatic and quick opening sensing device of a nozzle, a water temperature adjusting and controlling system and the like. Wherein the high-level water tank in the high-level and low-level water tanks is positioned above the low-level water tank, impurities such as ferric oxide and the like flow into the high-level water tank from the water tank to be precipitated in the quenching process, and water overflowing from the high-level water tank enters the low-level water tank, so that the precipitates are conveniently and intensively cleaned, and the problems of water pump blockage and the like are avoided.
b) Testing machineThe whole machine (water tank nozzle bracket frame panel shelf) adopts J304 stainless steel for welding, and parts of the water tank, the spray pipe and the like which are in long-term contact with water adopt 1Cr18Ni9And (3) manufacturing Ti stainless steel.
c) The automatic water spraying starting function is controlled by a high-sensitivity photoelectric sensor, and two methods, namely automatic control and manual control, can be selected.
d) The time control adopts a high-precision digital display time relay, has a time sound alarm function, and automatically stops the water flow after the set time is reached. The water spraying time of each nozzle can be set respectively, and the water spraying height can be adjusted respectively to keep the stability of the water column.
e) The water temperature is controlled by adopting a compressor for refrigeration and a heating rod for heating. The water temperature control precision is high, and the water tank is provided with a temperature control instrument.
f) Various metering instruments used and installed are convenient to disassemble so as to be convenient for inspection.
g) The installation inlet tube and outlet pipe, inlet tube pipe diameter 6 are in charge of, and there is horizontal length 60mm violently pipe inlet tube bottom to guarantee no turbulent rivers.
h) The centering of the sample holder bore and nozzle is stable and easy to adjust (with special center height adjuster)
Technical parameters of end quenching testing machine
Table 1 main technical data of end-quench testing machine
Measuring method of end quenching tester
Hardenability is an important heat treatment process property of steel, is an attribute of steel, and refers to the ability of steel to form martensite during quenching. Generally expressed as the depth of the through-hardening layer or the hardness profile along the cross-section of the cylindrical test piece.
Burying the end quenching standard sample in a box type electric furnace for heating to prevent oxidation and decarburization in the heating process; heating to 860 + -10 deg.C, maintaining for 40min, immediately discharging, placing on terminal quenching test equipment, and cooling to room temperature by spraying water. The shorter the time interval between tapping and water spraying, the better the oxidation in air is prevented.
After cooling to room temperature, a long and narrow plane was ground along the length of the sample. And measuring the Rockwell hardness HRC once every 1.5mm from the water cooling end on the ground long and narrow plane, and measuring once every 3mm when the hardness value is reduced to be stable.
Generally measuring until the distance from the water cooling end is 30-40mm, and recording.
The hardness value is changed along with the distance from the water cooling end, and a curve, namely a hardenability curve, is drawn. As shown in fig. 3:
determination of hardenability curve of Steel by end quenching test
(a) A water spraying device; (b) examples of hardenability curves; (c) semi-martensitic (50% M) hardness of the steel is related to the carbon content of the steel.
Each station is equipped with a pair of photoelectric sensors, and each station can work independently. The sample is put down in an automatic mode, namely, the quenching work is automatically started, and the quenching test result is prevented from being influenced by too long time of the sample in the air.
Atmosphere protection resistance furnace:
characterization of electric resistance furnaces
a) A double-layer shell structure is adopted, a thermal induction technology is combined, and an air cooling system is arranged; the electric furnace shell is made of high-quality cold plates and section steel, and a high-temperature plastic spraying process is adopted, so that the surface temperature of the furnace body is quickly reduced.
b) The electric furnace adopts a specific manufacturing process and is provided with a gas inlet device and a gas outlet device, and degeneration gases such as: nitrogen, argon and other gases, so that the high-temperature heating workpiece can not generate oxidation and decarburization,
c) adopt the drawer type mode of opening the door, the sample frock is fixed in the furnace gate, and the furnace gate is opened the sample and is withdrawed from the heating furnace thereupon, improves the manipulator and snatchs efficiency.
d) The drawer type door opening mode adopts an inlet pneumatic system with a band-type brake, so that the airtightness in the atmosphere protection process is ensured.
e) The hearth material adopts high-purity alumina polycrystalline fibers, so that the heat preservation is durable, and the energy is saved by 50 percent efficiently.
f) The heating element adopts high-quality high-resistance high-quality alloy wire 0Cr27Al7Mo2, and the maximum heating temperature can reach 1200 ℃.
g) The furnace door is changed into a drawer type according to the automatic design, and safe operations such as door opening power failure, over-temperature alarm, leakage protection and the like are realized.
h) The intelligent temperature control system has PID regulation and self-setting functions, and can program 30 sections of temperature rise and fall programs; the temperature control precision is +/-1 ℃.
i) And a 485 conversion interface is arranged in the furnace, so that the connection with a computer can be realized. The functions of remote control, real-time tracking, historical recording, report output and the like of a single electric furnace or a plurality of electric furnaces are completed through a special computer control system.
j) The safety operation functions of power-off starting, over-temperature alarming, leakage protection and the like are realized.
Technical parameters of resistance furnace
Automatic feeding and discharging device
An integral design structure is adopted; the feeding platform, the heating furnace and the end quenching testing machine are fixed in the frame base according to the design position and are fixed by the foundation bolts, so that the assembly is convenient to disassemble, transport and guarantee the precision. The whole four sides of the frame are protected by the checkered plates, so that the personnel safety is ensured, and the influence of equipment caused by external factors is prevented.
The technical requirements of processing of a group of four samples in the technical center are fully considered, and the sleeve sample tool with four samples arranged in a row is adopted, so that an accurate and stable position is provided for the grabbing of the manipulator. The system automatically identifies whether a test is to be processed or not through the grating monitoring points, and calls a corresponding test program. The design of receiving the skip is in whole outside, but the design retaining cooling, and the base has the convenient artifical propelling movement sample of gyro wheel.
Truss type mechanical arm
The truss type mechanical arm adopts a four-cantilever design, can grab four samples, can randomly change the distance of four groups of samples, and is convenient to adjust the mechanical arm to take and place samples in the heating furnace and the end quenching machine. The truss type mechanical arm is driven by an imported HIWIN lead screw, a guide rail and a sliding block, and a servo system adopts loose or Siemens to guarantee long-term fault-free accurate driving. The manipulator claw drive adopts an inlet FESTO or CHELIC. The front end of the vertical mechanical arm adopts a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating material for full protection, only the clamping fingers are in direct contact with high temperature, and the clamping fingers for clamping the sample adopt a high-temperature-resistant alloy material to deal with a long-term high-temperature working environment.
Siemens PLC master control panel
The Siemens PLC master control panel has clear interface and convenient operation of a man-machine interaction touch screen, and comprises the following functions:
a) data input: for example, writing in data such as heating time, heating temperature, quenching time and the like, a plurality of groups of data can be compiled, and the system automatically judges that the optimal beat is taken to carry out the test of all samples.
b) And (3) displaying the state: and immediately displaying the working states of the heating furnace and the end quenching testing machine, such as the started time, the temperature of the heating furnace, the water temperature of the end quenching machine, the remaining finish time and the like.
c) Information recording: the history records of the processed samples, such as heating temperature, heating time length, total number of the processed samples and the like, can be adjusted at any time.
d) And (4) safety master control: the feeding transmission belt, the heating furnace and the end quenching sample machine can be controlled on the PLC panel to be opened and closed, and the like, so that single equipment can be suddenly stopped and continuously operated at any time when a fault occurs, and the PLC panel has a fault power-off protection function.
Claims (4)
1. An end quenching automation device is characterized in that: the automatic sample gripping device is provided with a frame base, an inner cavity for placing equipment of each process is arranged in the frame base, a feeding platform is arranged on the feeding side of the inner cavity, a material receiving vehicle is arranged on the discharging side of the frame base, a heating furnace A, an end quenching testing machine, a heating furnace B and a laser marking machine are sequentially arranged in the inner cavity from the feeding side to the discharging side, a cross beam is arranged right above the inner cavity and fixedly arranged on the frame base, a track extending from the feeding side to the discharging side is arranged on the cross beam, a manipulator gripping mechanism for gripping a sample is arranged on the track and comprises a sliding body capable of moving along the track, a vertical guide rail is arranged on the sliding body, a moving frame capable of moving up and down along the vertical guide rail is arranged on the vertical guide rail, a manipulator is arranged on the moving frame, and a high-.
2. The end quenching automation device of claim 1, wherein: the moving frame is provided with a transverse guide rail which is parallel to the rail on the cross beam, the transverse guide rail is provided with a mounting seat for mounting the mechanical arm, and a position locking device is arranged between the transverse guide rail and the mounting seat.
3. The end quenching automation device of claim 1, wherein: the mechanical arm is provided with a vertical adjusting groove, the mounting seat is provided with a locking hole matched with the adjusting groove, and a locking pin matched with the adjusting groove and tightened is arranged in the locking hole.
4. The end quenching automation device of claim 1, wherein: the four mechanical arms are arranged side by side, and the distance between every two adjacent mechanical arms is adjusted through the movement of the mounting base on the transverse guide rail.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020754431.8U CN212894825U (en) | 2020-05-09 | 2020-05-09 | End quenching automation device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020754431.8U CN212894825U (en) | 2020-05-09 | 2020-05-09 | End quenching automation device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN212894825U true CN212894825U (en) | 2021-04-06 |
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ID=75262983
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020754431.8U Active CN212894825U (en) | 2020-05-09 | 2020-05-09 | End quenching automation device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN212894825U (en) |
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2020
- 2020-05-09 CN CN202020754431.8U patent/CN212894825U/en active Active
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