CN212870719U

CN212870719U - Scrap steel melting furnace device with oxygen combustion gun as heat source

Info

Publication number: CN212870719U
Application number: CN202020721019.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘天壮; 刘志昌; 战东平; 安赛前
Original assignee: Jiangsu Biruichi Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Biruichi Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-06
Filing date: 2020-05-06
Publication date: 2021-04-02
Anticipated expiration: 2030-05-06

Abstract

A scrap steel melting furnace device using an oxygen combustion gun as a heat source belongs to the technical field of metallurgical equipment. The method is characterized in that an oxygen combustion gun is used as a heating device, a steel tapping hole is formed in the bottom of a furnace body, a molten steel storage heating chamber is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body, and 2-4I-section oxygen combustion guns are inserted into the wall of the heating chamber; the middle part is a scrap steel melting chamber, and 6-8 II-section oxygen combustion guns are inserted into the furnace wall of the melting chamber; the upper part of the furnace body is a scrap steel preheating chamber, the side wall of the top of the scrap steel preheating chamber is provided with a flue outlet, and the topmost part of the furnace body is provided with a flip type feed inlet; the blowing medium used by the oxygen combustion gun comprises combustion media such as natural gas, coal gas, heavy oil and various coal dust besides oxygen. The device can provide molten steel raw materials for steelmaking equipment, reduces the smelting time, improves the energy utilization rate by 20-25%, and has remarkable economic and social benefits.

Description

Scrap steel melting furnace device with oxygen combustion gun as heat source

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of used metallurgical equipment is melted in the scrap steel heating, specifically is an use scrap steel melting furnace of oxygen burning rifle as the heat source.

Background

With the development of national economy in China, a large amount of equipment made of steel materials gradually reaches the period of elimination, for example, various waste equipment, steel structural members, waste equipment, locomotives, vehicles, steel rails, automobiles, ships, tools and eliminated old household appliances which are not used are increased, and waste steel generated in the machining industry is increased. The annual production of scrap steel is about 25-30% of the total production of steel in industrially developed countries. The number of the steel scrap is gradually close to the value, so that a large amount of steel scrap is not fully utilized, the environment is polluted and land resources are occupied. Therefore, effective recovery and disposal of scrap steel is imminent.

With the continuous expansion of the scale of infrastructure construction projects in China, the demand of steel raw materials is further improved, and various large steel mills continuously explore technical ways for increasing the productivity, wherein the return smelting of scrap steel becomes a low-cost high-efficiency smelting supplement way for smelting ferrous metals at present. However, the ratio of scrap steel to iron ore in actual production is not high because of the content of various elements of scrap steel, especially the content of elements such as zinc, sulfur and the like is too high, and conventional smelting, especially electric furnace smelting, consumes huge energy and has low thermal efficiency. Aiming at the problems, a novel scrap steel melting furnace device is provided.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide an: firstly, the heat energy efficiency of ferrous metal smelting, particularly converter smelting, is improved, and energy is saved; and secondly, the temperature and the steel melting time are controlled by independently controlling the flow of the pulverized coal and the flow of the oxygen, so that the high efficiency and the order are realized, and the productivity is improved.

According to the above object of the present invention, the inventor has devised a scrap melting furnace apparatus using an oxygen combustion lance as a heat source, the apparatus comprising a base and a furnace body, and characterized in that the oxygen combustion lance is used as a heat source, wherein the furnace body is located on the base, the furnace body structure is similar to that of a blast furnace body, the furnace body is externally provided with a furnace shell, and refractory bricks are built inside the furnace shell and provided with a water-cooled furnace wall; a steel tapping hole is formed in the bottom of the furnace body, a molten steel storage and heating chamber is arranged at the lower portion of the furnace body, and 2-4I-section oxygen combustion guns are inserted into the furnace wall at the top of the molten steel storage and heating chamber; a steel scrap melting chamber is arranged in the middle of the furnace body, namely above the molten steel storage and heating chamber, a first layer of partition wall built by high-temperature refractory materials is arranged between the molten steel storage and heating chamber and the steel scrap melting chamber, a grid made of the high-temperature refractory materials is arranged in the middle of the first layer of partition wall, and 6-8 second-section oxygen combustion guns are inserted into the furnace wall of the middle lower part of the steel scrap melting chamber; a waste steel preheating chamber is arranged on the upper part of the furnace body, namely above the waste steel melting chamber, an annular II-layer partition wall which is made of high-temperature refractory materials or heat-resistant steel and is hollow in the middle is arranged between the waste steel melting chamber and the waste steel preheating chamber, a flue outlet is formed in the side wall of the top of the waste steel preheating chamber, and a flip type charging opening is formed in the topmost part of the furnace body;

furthermore, each of the first-section and second-section oxygen combustion guns in the device is provided with at least one oxygen spray pipe, the circumferential seam on the outer side of each oxygen spray pipe is a combustion medium spray pipe, and each oxygen spray pipe is of a Laval pipe type structure and is divided into a contraction section, a throat section and an expansion section;

furthermore, each oxygen combustion gun in the section I and the section II of the oxygen combustion guns in the device is communicated with the furnace body through a nozzle, and a high-voltage electronic ignition gun is arranged in front of at least one nozzle of the oxygen combustion gun in each section of the oxygen combustion gun;

furthermore, the blowing media used by the oxygen combustion guns in the sections I and II comprise combustion media such as natural gas, various coal gases, heavy oil, various coal dust and the like besides oxygen.

The working principle and the operation process of the device are as follows:

(1) the waste steel is loaded into the furnace from the flip type feed opening, the loading amount of the waste steel is controlled, the space is ensured to be reserved at the upper part of the waste steel preheating chamber, and the turning plate of the feed opening can automatically return to a closed state after the loaded waste steel falls down;

(2) inputting combustion media such as oxygen, natural gas and the like into the second-section oxygen combustion gun, igniting the second-section oxygen combustion gun by a high-pressure electronic ignition gun arranged in front of a nozzle of the oxygen combustion gun, heating and melting scrap steel in the scrap steel melting chamber by utilizing high-temperature flame jetted by the second-section oxygen combustion gun, automatically raising high-temperature waste gas generated after the second-section oxygen combustion gun is combusted, entering the scrap steel preheating chamber, reducing the temperature of the waste gas after the scrap steel is preheated, sinking dust, and then entering an auxiliary dust removal system through a flue;

(3) the molten steel in the scrap steel melting chamber flows into the molten steel storage heating chamber through the grating in the middle of the I-layer partition wall;

(4) when the quantity of the molten steel in the molten steel storage and heating chamber reaches a certain quantity, igniting the I-section oxygen combustion gun, heating the waste steel liquid in the molten steel storage and heating chamber, opening the steel outlet when the temperature of the waste steel liquid reaches the temperature requirement of the waste steel liquid required by the steelmaking process and flowing the molten steel into the molten steel tank until the waste steel liquid in the molten steel storage and heating chamber is emptied, and plugging the steel outlet;

(5) according to the melting speed of the scrap steel, namely the scrap steel in the furnace is continuously settled, the flip type charging opening is also required to be timely turned over, and the scrap steel is continuously added into the furnace according to the requirement.

The utility model has the advantages that:

(1) the oxygen combustion gun can be used as an advanced device to rapidly heat and melt the scrap steel, provide high-temperature liquid raw materials for a converter or an electric furnace, and eliminate the time for heating and melting the scrap steel, thereby shortening the smelting period of the converter or the electric furnace, improving the production efficiency of the device and meeting the rapid demand of the society on steel products.

(2) The energy utilization efficiency is improved, and when the electric furnace is smelted, the high-temperature electric arc emitted by the electrode is utilized to heat the scrap steel, the energy utilization rate is only 50 percent, and the heating time is long. The oxygen combustion gun is used for heating and melting the scrap steel, the energy utilization rate can reach 75 percent, namely the energy utilization rate can be improved by 20 to 25 percent, and the economic and social benefits are very obvious.

Description of the drawings:

fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a schematic view of the device of the present invention.

In the figure: the furnace comprises a steel tapping hole 1, a molten steel storage and heating chamber 2, a scrap melting chamber 3, a scrap preheating chamber 4, a flip type charging hole 5, a flue 6, a second-section oxygen combustion gun 7, a first-section oxygen combustion gun 8, a base 9, a furnace body 10, a first-layer partition wall 11, a grid 12, a second-layer partition wall 13 and a furnace shell 14.

Detailed Description

The utility model discloses a scrap steel melting furnace device is shown in figure 1, and mainly comprises a steel tapping hole 1, a molten steel storage heating chamber 2, a scrap steel melting chamber 3, a scrap steel preheating chamber 4, a flip type charging hole 5, a flue 6, a second-section oxygen combustion gun 7, a first-section oxygen combustion gun 8, a base 9, a furnace body 10, a first-layer partition wall 11, a grid 12, a second-layer partition wall 13 and a furnace shell 14, wherein the furnace body 10 is located on the base 9, and the furnace shell 14 is arranged outside the furnace body 10; the bottom of the furnace body 10 is provided with a steel tapping hole 1, the lower part of the furnace body 10 is provided with a molten steel storage and

heating chamber

2, and 2 sections of oxygen combustion guns 8 at the first section are inserted into the furnace wall position at the top of the molten steel storage and heating chamber 2; the middle part of the furnace body is a scrap steel melting chamber 3, a first layer of partition wall 11 is built between the molten steel storage and heating chamber 2 and the scrap steel melting chamber 3, the middle of the first layer of partition wall 11 is a

grid

12, and 6 second-section oxygen combustion guns 7 are inserted into the furnace wall position of the middle lower part of the scrap steel melting chamber 3; the upper part of the furnace body 10 is a scrap steel preheating chamber 4, a II-layer partition wall 13 is arranged between the scrap steel melting chamber 3 and the scrap steel preheating chamber 4, the side wall of the top of the scrap steel preheating chamber 4 is provided with a flue 6, the topmost part of the furnace body is provided with a flip type feed inlet 5, and oxygen spray pipes of the first-section oxygen combustion gun 8 and the second-section oxygen combustion gun 7 used in the implementation are both of a Laval pipe type structure and use natural gas as fuel. The operation process is as follows:

(1) waste steel is loaded into the furnace from the flip type feed opening 5, and the loading amount of the waste steel is controlled;

(2) oxygen and natural gas are input into the II-section oxygen combustion gun 7, the II-section oxygen combustion gun 7 is ignited, the high-temperature flame jetted by the II-section oxygen combustion gun 7 is utilized to heat and melt the scrap steel in the scrap steel melting chamber 3, the high-temperature waste gas automatically rises and enters the scrap steel preheating chamber 4, and the waste gas enters an auxiliary dust removal system through the flue 6 after preheating the scrap steel;

(3) the molten steel in the scrap melting chamber 3 flows into the molten steel storage heating chamber 2 through the grating 12 in the middle of the I-layer partition wall 11;

(4) when the amount of molten steel in the molten steel storage and heating chamber 2 reaches one third of the volume of the molten steel storage and heating chamber 2, the I-section oxygen combustion gun 8 is ignited to heat the waste steel liquid in the molten steel storage and heating chamber 2, and when the waste steel liquid reaches two thirds of the total volume of the molten steel storage and heating chamber 2 and the temperature of the waste steel liquid reaches 1500 ℃ required by the steelmaking process, the steel outlet 1 is opened, the molten steel flows into a molten steel tank, and the molten steel tank is emptied, and the steel outlet is closed;

(5) according to the melting speed of the scrap steel, namely the scrap steel in the furnace is continuously settled, the flip type feed opening 5 is also required to be turned over in time, and the scrap steel is continuously added into the furnace according to the requirement.

Claims

1. A scrap steel melting furnace device taking an oxygen combustion gun as a heat source comprises a base and a furnace body, and is characterized in that the oxygen combustion gun is taken as the heat source, wherein the furnace body is located on the base, the structure of the furnace body is similar to that of a blast furnace body, a furnace shell is arranged outside the furnace body, refractory bricks are built inside the furnace shell, and a water-cooled furnace wall is arranged; a steel tapping hole is formed in the bottom of the furnace body, a molten steel storage and heating chamber is arranged at the lower portion of the furnace body, and 2-4I-section oxygen combustion guns are inserted into the furnace wall at the top of the molten steel storage and heating chamber; a steel scrap melting chamber is arranged in the middle of the furnace body, namely above the molten steel storage and heating chamber, a first layer of partition wall built by high-temperature refractory materials is arranged between the molten steel storage and heating chamber and the steel scrap melting chamber, a grid made of the high-temperature refractory materials is arranged in the middle of the first layer of partition wall, and 6-8 second-section oxygen combustion guns are inserted into the furnace wall of the middle lower part of the steel scrap melting chamber; the upper part of the furnace body, namely the scrap steel melting chamber is provided with a scrap steel preheating chamber, an annular II-layer partition wall which is made of high-temperature refractory materials or heat-resistant steel and is hollow in the middle is arranged between the scrap steel melting chamber and the scrap steel preheating chamber, the side wall of the top of the scrap steel preheating chamber is provided with a flue outlet, and the topmost part of the furnace body is provided with a flip type feed inlet.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second oxygen burners is provided with at least one oxygen nozzle, the outer circumferential seam of the oxygen nozzle is a combustion medium nozzle, and the oxygen nozzle has a laval tube structure including a contraction section, a throat section, and an expansion section.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second oxygen combustion guns is connected to the furnace body through a nozzle, and at least one of the oxygen combustion guns has a high-pressure electronic ignition gun disposed in front of the nozzle.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the blowing medium used in the oxygen combustion lance includes natural gas, coal gas, heavy oil, and pulverized coal in addition to oxygen.