CN212857633U - 3D sand mold printer - Google Patents

Abstract

A3D sand mould printer capable of directly 3D printing and manufacturing sand moulds used in the casting industry. The sand-spreading printing machine is characterized in that a sand-spreading mechanism, a glue-spraying printing mechanism and a heating printing mechanism are arranged on a rack, a track is arranged below the rack, a circular rotary sand car is arranged on the track, a circular rotary sand car lifting mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a lifting working platform lifting mechanism are arranged below the track at a sand-spreading printing station, or a rectangular reciprocating sand car with the lifting working platform lifting mechanism is arranged on the track, an upper computer is arranged at the same time, a software program for generating a series of 2D section graphic data from a 3D graphic of a sand mold is installed in the upper computer, and a complete machine control system is arranged. The whole machine control system controls and commands each mechanism and the circular rotary sand vehicle or the rectangular reciprocating motion sand vehicle to perform sand laying and printing layer by layer according to the section graph dot matrix data generated by the software program in the upper computer until all section graph layers are finished and the sand mold is manufactured.

Description

3D sand mold printer

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a casting trade sand mo (u) ld manufacture equipment, especially can direct 3D print the 3D sand mo (u) ld printer of making the sand mo (u) ld.

Background

At present, the known 3D sand mold printer structure is composed of a feeder, a rubber box, a filter screen, a frame, a feed inlet, a sand spreader, a glue-spraying printing head, a sand box, a power system, an electrical control system and a software program. During operation, a feeder conveys sand and a curing agent into a sand paving system through a feed port, resin is conveyed into a glue spraying printing head from a glue box through a filter screen, the sand box stops after entering a station, a workbench at the bottom of the sand box rises to the highest position, a sand paving device moves to pave the sand, the sand paving operation stops after the sand paving operation of the layer is finished, the glue spraying printing head moves and sprays glue and prints according to a cross-sectional graph generated by a glue spraying printing program and a software program of an electrical control system, the resin, the sand and the curing agent are mixed and cemented and cured into a corresponding cross-sectional graph, and the glue spraying printing head sequentially sprays glue and prints a plurality of blocks until the glue spraying printing operation of the layer is finished; then the sand spreader and the glue spraying printing head quickly return to the initial position, the workbench at the bottom of the sand box descends for a stroke of a preset cross-sectional layer thickness, and then the next layer of sand spreading and glue spraying printing are carried out; repeating the steps until the sand paving, glue spraying and printing processes are finished, and finishing the sand mold manufacturing; and then the sand box moves out of the station and runs to the next station, and after the strength of the sand mold reaches the standard, the post-treatment processes such as sand blowing and mold stripping are carried out. As an additive manufacturing device, the 3D sand mould printer remarkably reduces the sand mould manufacturing cost of the casting industry, greatly shortens the sand mould manufacturing period, and effectively overcomes the defects of high pollution, heavy labor and the like widely existing in the sand mould manufacturing process.

However, the existing 3D sand mold printer is only suitable for a process of curing and molding common casting sand, a curing agent and resin by cementation, is not suitable for a precoated sand heating and molding process, and limits the raw material selectable range of the 3D sand mold printer, and the two processes have advantages and are widely applied to sand mold manufacturing in the casting industry; after the sand spreading of the sand spreader is finished, the glue spraying printing head needs to perform glue spraying printing of a plurality of blocks in sequence to finish the whole glue spraying printing of the layer, so that the working efficiency of the 3D sand mold printer is reduced; the sand paving and the glue spraying printing can not be carried out simultaneously, the sand paving of the next layer can be carried out only after the glue spraying printing of the upper layer is finished, and the sand paving device can only run in the air when returning, so that the working efficiency is reduced; the solidification progress of the sand mold cannot be accelerated in the manufacturing process of the sand mold, and the sand mold can be only parked in a sand box for a period of time or dried after the sand mold is manufactured, so that the manufacturing period of the sand mold is prolonged; when the sand spreader and the glue spraying printing head work, the sand spreader and the glue spraying printing head need to carry out frequency-density reciprocating motion in the whole process, and rubber tubes and flat cables in drag chains dragged by the sand spreader and the glue spraying printing head are easily broken, so that the frame loss of printed graphs is caused; the sand paving uniformity of the sand paving device is realized by manually adjusting the size of a gap of the lower sand opening; the glue solution is too viscous or is not filtered well, so that the glue spraying printing head is easy to block, the printing precision is reduced, the structure of the glue spraying printing head is too fine and complicated, the detection and the maintenance are difficult, and the glue spraying printing head is damaged or even scrapped after accumulation; the sand spreader and the glue-spraying printing head are high in price and the price of the whole machine is high, and the advanced additive manufacturing technology of 3D sand mold printing is difficult to popularize in the casting industry because the advanced additive manufacturing technology cannot be purchased by vast middle and small enterprises.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects that the existing 3D sand mold printer is not suitable for a hot-melting precoated sand heating molding process, the layer of sprayed glue can be printed completely by sequentially spraying glue in a plurality of blocks, the sand paving and the glue spraying printing can not be carried out simultaneously, the sand paving machine can only run empty when returning, the sand mold curing progress can not be accelerated in the sand mold manufacturing process, a rubber pipe and a flat cable in a drag chain are easy to break, the sand paving uniformity of the sand paving machine needs to be adjusted manually, a glue spraying printing head is easy to block and difficult to detect and maintain, the sand paving machine and the glue spraying printing head are high in price and the whole machine is high in price, the utility model provides a 3D sand mold printer, which can be suitable for a common casting sand, a curing agent and resin cementing molding process, can be suitable for a precoated sand heating molding process, can be integrally used for one-step glue spraying printing to completely print the layer of sprayed glue, spread sand and spout to glue and print the condition that can go on simultaneously and appear empty walking when avoiding the sand spreader to return, just can accelerate sand mould solidification progress in the sand mould manufacture process, spread sand and spout that glue printing mechanism during operation is whole need not move just also needn't set up the tow chain, spread the sand degree of consistency can realize automatically regulated, spout to glue and beat printer head be difficult for blockking up and be convenient for detect and maintain, can reduce by a wide margin spread sand and spout the cost of gluing printing mechanism and then the price of suppressing the complete machine.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: a horizontal sand homogenizing cylinder which is communicated with the feeding machine through a feeding hole and is internally provided with a rotary sand homogenizing spring is arranged on the frame, a horizontal sand homogenizing roller with a plurality of sand storage holes or through-long sand storage grooves is arranged on the outer surface of the horizontal sand homogenizing roller which is arranged below the sand homogenizing cylinder on the frame, a rectangular tubular lower sand groove is arranged at the bottom of the sand homogenizing cylinder and corresponding to the top end of the sand homogenizing roller, the lower edges of the front side surface and the rear side surface of the lower sand groove are adjacent to the top end of the sand homogenizing roller, an inclined sand homogenizing plate is arranged below the sand homogenizing roller, the lower edge of the sand homogenizing plate is vertical to the sand paving direction, power devices are respectively arranged on the sand homogenizing cylinder and the sand homogenizing roller to drive the rotary sand homogenizing spring and the sand homogenizing roller to rotate, the sand homogenizing cylinder and the power device thereof, the sand homogenizing roller and the power device thereof and the sand homogenizing plate jointly form a sand paving mechanism, and the sand paving mechanism is positioned right above a sand paving printing station and keeps the whole body still during working; the method comprises the following steps that a glue pump is arranged, the inlet of the glue pump is connected with a glue box through a glue tube and a filter screen, the outlet of the glue pump is connected with a one-way valve, the outlet of the one-way valve is respectively connected with a common rail tube and an energy storage shock absorber through the glue tube, a set of electromagnetic valve array is arranged, the inlet of each electromagnetic valve unit is respectively connected with each branch tube of the common rail tube in a one-to-one correspondence mode through a branch rubber tube, a set of horizontal nozzle array is arranged on a rack, the outlet of each electromagnetic valve unit is respectively connected with each nozzle of the nozzle array in a one-to-one correspondence mode through a branch rubber tube, a pressure gauge is arranged for monitoring pressure in a pipeline, the glue box, the filter screen, the glue tube, the glue pump, the one-way valve, the common rail tube, the energy storage shock absorber, the electromagnetic; the frame is provided with a set of horizontal heating and printing mechanism, the heating and printing mechanism consists of a set of dot matrix electric heating heads, a tape releasing roller with a braking device and a tape collecting roller with a tension providing device, a Teflon film is released by the tape releasing roller, is braked, then covers the dot matrix electric heating heads, is collected and tensioned by the tape collecting roller, the dot matrix electric heating heads are separated from a sand surface by the film, the heating and printing mechanism is contacted with the sand surface by proper pressure and controllably heats the sand layer, and the heating and printing mechanism is positioned right above a sand paving and printing station and integrally keeps still when in work; a horizontal rail is arranged below the rack and passes right below the sanding printing station; a circular rotary sand wagon is arranged on a track, a driving wheel, a sand wagon driving mechanism, a control system of the sand wagon driving mechanism and a wireless transceiver module which are mutually insulated are arranged on the sand wagon, a chassis of the sand wagon is arranged to be horizontal, a liftable working platform which can be moved up and down in the sand wagon and can synchronously rotate with the sand wagon is arranged on the sand wagon, when the circular rotary sand wagon is configured, a sand paving mechanism, a glue spraying printing mechanism and a heating printing mechanism respectively occupy a radius of the liftable working platform, a liftable working platform lifting mechanism, a sand wagon lifting mechanism and a sand wagon rotating mechanism are arranged below the track at a sand paving printing station, an absolute angle sensor is arranged on the sand wagon rotating mechanism, a power supply of the sand wagon driving mechanism is connected through the track with low-voltage safe direct current in a contact manner by the driving wheel, the absolute angle sensor reads the absolute angle information of the sand wagon in real, the command signal is communicated with the whole machine control system through the wireless transceiving module; or a rectangular reciprocating motion sand wagon is arranged on the track, a sand wagon driving mechanism, a lifting working platform lifting mechanism, an electric brush, a wireless transceiver module and an absolute position sensor are arranged on the sand wagon, a sand wagon chassis is arranged to be a horizontal lifting working platform which can move up and down in the sand wagon, when the rectangular reciprocating motion sand wagon is configured, the sand paving mechanism, the glue spraying printing mechanism and the heating printing mechanism are all perpendicular to the sand paving direction, a safe sliding contact line is arranged on the side edge of the track, a sand wagon power supply is connected with the safe sliding contact line through the electric brush, the absolute position sensor reads the absolute position information of the sand wagon in real time and transmits the information to a complete machine control system, and a command signal is communicated with the complete machine control system through the wireless transceiver module; setting an upper computer, installing a software program in the upper computer, wherein the software program comprises a software program suitable for a circular rotary sand car and a software program suitable for a rectangular reciprocating sand car, and the software program generates a series of 2D section graphic data from a 3D graphic of a sand mould; and a complete machine control system is arranged, receives a series of 2D section graphic data generated by a software program in an upper computer according to a 3D graphic of the sand mold through communication or a memory card and the like, stores the data in a memory, controls and commands the sand paving mechanism, the glue spraying and printing mechanism, the heating and printing mechanism, the circular rotary sand car or the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car to work cooperatively, and paves sand, sprays glue and prints or heats and prints the sand mold section graphic layer with preset thickness layer by layer until all the section graphic layers are finished and the sand mold is manufactured.

A neutral position is reserved between the lower edge of the front side surface of the lower sand tank and the top end of the sand evening roller, two supports are respectively arranged at two ends of the lower sand tank, a sweeping roller positioned at the neutral position is installed through the supports, the upper part of the sweeping roller is adjacent to the lower edge of the front side surface of the lower sand tank, the lower part of the sweeping roller is tangent to the sand evening roller, and the sweeping roller is driven to rotate through meshing of a gear ring of the sand evening roller and a gear of the sweeping roller when the sand evening roller rotates; arranging a plurality of sand guide grooves vertical to the lower edge of the sand homogenizing plate from the upper edge of the sand homogenizing plate, wherein the depth of each sand guide groove is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the width of each sand guide groove is gradually increased from top to bottom, and the sand guide grooves completely disappear to be changed into planes when the sand guide grooves are close to the lower edge of the sand homogenizing plate, and the planes are up to the lower edge of the sand homogenizing plate; the back of the sand homogenizing plate is provided with an eccentric shaft driven by a speed-adjustable motor, the lower end of the sand homogenizing plate is fixed on the eccentric shaft through a bearing, the upper end of the sand homogenizing plate is fixed on the rack through a rocker and a self-aligning bearing, and the eccentric shaft drives the sand homogenizing plate to swim when rotating. The sand paving mechanism accurately controls the rotating speed of the rotary sand evening spring, the sand evening roller and the sweeping roller through a complete machine control system, so that the sand paving amount is accurately controlled, the sand evening plate is uniformly fallen onto the sand evening amount, the lower edge of the sand evening plate is uniformly dredged by a sand guiding groove in the sand evening plate, and finally the sand paving amount is uniformly paved on a sand paving plane of a liftable working platform along with the swimming motion of the sand evening plate.

The rectangular reciprocating motion sand vehicle only carries out sanding printing when moving forwards, and runs empty when returning, and does not carry out sanding printing. In order to improve the working efficiency of the rectangular reciprocating motion sand wagon, two sets of sand spreading mechanisms are arranged on the frame at the same time and are respectively positioned at the two sides of the glue spraying printing mechanism and the heating printing mechanism, namely the front and the rear of the printing direction, and the sand homogenizing rollers of the two sets of sand spreading mechanisms are driven by respective special one-way overrunning clutches after being driven by a speed reducer and a synchronous belt by using the same servo motor. When the rectangular reciprocating motion sand wagon moves forwards, the servo motor rotates forwards, the special overrunning clutch of the front sand spreading mechanism is in a meshed state to drive the sand evening roller and the sweeping roller of the front sand spreading mechanism to work for spreading sand, at the moment, the special overrunning clutch of the rear sand spreading mechanism is in a separated state, and the sand evening roller and the sweeping roller of the rear sand spreading mechanism do not work; when the sand vehicle returns backwards, the servo motor runs reversely, the special overrunning clutch of the rear sand spreading mechanism is in an engaged state to drive the sand homogenizing roller and the sweeping roller of the rear sand spreading mechanism to work for spreading sand, at the moment, the special overrunning clutch of the front sand spreading mechanism is in a separated state, and the sand homogenizing roller and the sweeping roller of the front sand spreading mechanism do not work; when the sand car moves back and forth, the front sand spreading mechanism and the rear sand spreading mechanism alternately spread sand, glue spraying printing or heating printing is always performed, and the condition that the sand car moves back when the sand car moves back is avoided, so that the working efficiency is improved.

The nozzle array is formed by splicing two rectangular metal plates with equal size, a row of fine and dense semicircular grooves which are in one-to-one correspondence are respectively arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two metal plates, the lower ends of the grooves are both provided with openings at the bottom of the metal plates, the corresponding grooves are combined into a complete circular thin tube to be used as a nozzle when the two metal plates are spliced, holes with the number equal to half of the total number of the nozzles, two ends respectively opened on the opposite surfaces and the back surfaces of the metal plates and the pipe diameter larger than the nozzles are respectively arranged at the positions above the nozzles of the two metal plates and used as glue guiding holes, the upper ends of the nozzles are respectively communicated with the glue guiding holes on different metal plates in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the two glue guiding holes communicated with any two adjacent nozzles are respectively positioned on different metal plates, the open ends of the glue guiding holes positioned on the back surfaces of the metal plates are arranged into a plurality of rows at intervals convenient for operation and are respectively connected with the output end of each solenoid valve unit in the solenoid valve array in a one-to-one correspondence; a plurality of sets of rubber branch tube bunchers can be arranged on the rack, and a large number of rubber branch tubes can be arranged in order; for improving and spout gluey printing accuracy, can set up a plurality of sets of the same nozzle array simultaneously side by side, put through the dislocation and increase nozzle density, reduce the nozzle interval and then improve and spout gluey printing accuracy. Although the nozzles and the glue guide holes in the nozzle array are fine, the hole diameters are still large enough, even if glue liquid is too viscous or not well filtered, the nozzles and the glue guide holes are not easy to block, even if the nozzles and the glue guide holes are blocked, the nozzles and the glue guide holes are easy to open because the nozzle array is formed by splicing two metal plates, the nozzles and the glue guide holes which are blocked are easy to find once the nozzles and the glue guide holes are opened, the nozzles and the glue guide holes which are blocked can be restored to the original state after being dredged, and the situation that the nozzles and the glue guide holes which are.

The high-frequency heating device comprises a rectangular insulating plate, wherein a plurality of high-frequency units formed by coils and capacitors in series are arranged on the insulating plate, the high-frequency units are connected in parallel and are arrayed according to a rule and then connected to a high-frequency power supply, a metal shielding protective cover with sieve pores is arranged above the insulating plate to protect high-frequency radiation, and the high-frequency heating device is arranged right above a sanding printing station and integrally keeps still during working. The high-frequency heater is suitable for matching the sand paving mechanism and the glue spraying and printing mechanism to carry out the common casting sand, resin and curing agent cementation and solidification molding process: adding a proper amount of iron powder into common casting sand in advance, uniformly mixing, and conveying into a sand homogenizing cylinder through a feeding machine; the nozzle array performs glue spraying printing on the sand paving plane, the high-frequency heater performs high-frequency radiation on the sand layer, and iron powder particles mixed in the sand layer generate eddy currents and generate heat, so that the curing progress of the section pattern layer of the sand mold is accelerated; along with the continuous operation of sand paving and glue spraying printing, the high-frequency heater plays a role in heating and accelerating the curing progress of each sand layer, and the effect is deep and multiple sand layers; when all the section patterns are paved with sand and printed and the sand mold is manufactured, the sand mold curing progress is remarkably accelerated by the high-frequency heater, and the subsequent sand mold curing treatment processes such as stopping or drying are greatly shortened or simplified. The existing 3D sand mold printer can not actively accelerate the solidification progress of the sand mold in the sand mold manufacturing process, can only completely depend on the stopping or drying treatment in the later period, and the high-frequency heater can obviously improve the condition, so that the solidification progress of the sand mold can be accelerated in the sand mold manufacturing process, and the sand mold manufacturing period is shortened.

Covering a ceramic coating on an aluminum or copper substrate, arranging a plurality of small heating units on the ceramic coating, arranging the heating units into a heating array, coating a wear-resistant protective layer on the surface of the heating array, leading out the wear-resistant protective layer through a flat cable, connecting the flat cable to a complete machine control system, and forming a dot matrix electric heating head by the substrate and the heating array arranged on the substrate; and a preheating device is arranged in front of the lattice electric heating head, the preheating device is used for heating the precoated sand surface layer resin to a temperature slightly lower than the melting temperature of the precoated sand surface layer resin in advance, and then the lattice electric heating head is used for continuously heating the sand layer to the melting temperature of the precoated sand surface layer resin.

A circular sanding printing blind area exists on a lifting working platform of the circular rotary sand car, the circle center of the blind area coincides with the circle center of the platform, the radius of the blind area is about several centimeters, the sanding printing precision in the blind area is not as good as that in other areas of the platform, and the sanding printing precision in the other areas of the platform is the same. In most cases, the blind area is substantially negligible; however, if the blind area is not to be ignored, the radius of one blind area needs to be preset in advance, and the specifications of the sanding mechanism, the nozzle array and the heating and printing mechanism are accurately set according to the radius, so that the sanding mechanism can only work in other areas of the platform except the blind area, and meanwhile, a set of blind area micro sanding and printing mechanism is arranged to perform sanding and printing on the blind area independently. A round pipe is arranged, the upper end of the round pipe is communicated with a sand homogenizing cylinder through a reducing bent pipe and is fixed on the sand homogenizing cylinder, the round pipe is vertical to a liftable working platform, the circle center of the round pipe is coincided with the circle centers of a platform and a blind area, the lower end of the round pipe is communicated with a conical inverted funnel, the lower end opening edge of the funnel is leveled with a sanding plane, a round table-shaped core plug with the bottom surface also leveled with the sanding plane is arranged in the funnel, a through sanding thin seam which is equal to the radius of the round table-shaped core plug is arranged on the round table-shaped core plug along the radius of the round table-shaped core plug, a flat bottom groove which is equal to the radius of the round table-shaped core plug is arranged on the bottom surface of the round table-shaped core plug along the radius of the round table-shaped core plug, a micro nozzle array which is equal to the radius of the flat bottom groove is arranged on the flat bottom groove, a set of a micro, the lower sand slit and the lower edge of the sand homogenizing plate are on the same line, the micro nozzle array and the nozzle array of the glue spraying printing mechanism are on the same line, and the dot matrix electric heating head of the micro heating printing mechanism and the dot matrix electric heating head of the heating printing mechanism are on the same line; in order to save space, a simplified plate funnel can be arranged, only sand fine gaps, a micro nozzle array, a micro heating and printing mechanism and a part of the circular truncated cone-shaped core plug which belongs to the mechanism are reserved and sealed, a cylindrical core plug with the bottom surface flush with a sand spreading plane is arranged at the bottom of a circular tube, and the cylindrical core plug and the part of the circular truncated cone-shaped core plug which belongs to the simplified plate funnel are connected into a whole.

The base part of the frame is provided with four hydraulic cylinders, a crossed roller bearing with an external gear ring is arranged, a static part of the crossed roller bearing is fixed on cylinder rods of the four hydraulic cylinders, the upper part of a moving ring of the crossed roller bearing is provided with a sand car platform, a circular rotary sand car is parked on the sand car platform, the base part of the frame is provided with a motor and a speed reducer, the motor and the speed reducer are meshed with the external gear ring of the crossed roller bearing through a gear to drive the sand car platform to rotate at a constant speed so as to drive the circular rotary sand car to rotate at a constant speed, the crossed roller bearing with the external gear ring, the sand car platform, the motor, the speed reducer and the gear form a circular rotary sand car rotating mechanism together, and the circular rotary sand car rotating mechanism; the four hydraulic cylinders are connected in parallel through the flow collecting and distributing valve to achieve the effect of synchronous lifting, the hydraulic cylinders work to drive the sand car platform to lift and further drive the circular rotary sand car to lift, the sand car platform, the hydraulic cylinders and the flow collecting and distributing valve jointly form a circular rotary sand car lifting mechanism, and the circular rotary sand car lifting mechanism is located below a track at the sand paving and printing station; an equilateral triangle steel plate is fixed on the base part of a frame to be used as a static platform, an outer round hole and an inner round hole are sequentially arranged at the corresponding positions of three corners of the static platform from outside to inside, a central round hole is arranged at the central position, a copper sleeve is respectively arranged at the outer round hole, three guide shafts with equal length are arranged, the guide shafts respectively penetrate through the three copper sleeves and keep parallel, three ball screws with equal length are arranged, the ball screws respectively penetrate through the three inner round holes and keep parallel, a platform lifting motor and a hollow shaft output speed reducer are arranged on the static platform, the platform lifting motor adopts a servo motor and is provided with a ball spline shaft, the ball spline shaft simultaneously penetrates through the central round hole and a hollow output shaft of the hollow shaft output speed reducer, the guide shafts, the ball screws and the ball spline shaft are all parallel and perpendicular to the static platform, an equilateral triangle steel plate with equal size is respectively arranged above and below the static platform to be used, the upper and lower ends of three guide shafts are respectively fixed on the upper movable platform and the lower movable platform to form a triangular prism body with three guide shafts as three edges and two bottom surfaces as the upper movable platform and the lower movable platform, the upper movable platform, the static platform and the lower movable platform are mutually parallel, the upper end surface of the upper movable platform is provided with a crossed roller bearing without an external gear ring, the crossed roller bearing is positioned at the central position of the inner side of the crossed roller bearing with the external gear ring in the circular rotary sand wagon rotating mechanism, the liftable working platform of the circular rotary sand wagon is arranged to be an internal polygon or a slideway and is arranged on the crossed roller bearing, the liftable working platform can be lifted up and down and can synchronously rotate with the circular rotary sand wagon, the upper ends of three ball screws and a ball spline shaft are respectively fixed on the lower end surface of the upper movable platform through bearings, and the lower movable platform is provided with an internal circular hole and an internal circular hole respectively at the position corresponding, A central round hole, three ball screws respectively pass through three inner round holes of the lower movable platform, a ball spline shaft passes through the central round hole of the lower movable platform and extends out, a gear with equal size is respectively arranged at the extending part of the three ball screws, a smaller gear is arranged at the extending part of the ball spline shaft, the three gears with equal size and the smaller gear in the middle are distributed and meshed in a radial shape to form a set of speed reduction gear set, a copper sleeve fixed on the static platform is matched with a guide shaft fixed on the upper movable platform and the lower movable platform, so that the upper movable platform and the lower movable platform can slide up and down relative to the static platform, when the platform lifting motor rotates forwards, a hollow shaft output speed reducer drives the ball spline shaft to rotate, the ball spline shaft drives the ball screws to rotate through the speed reduction gear set, the ball screws drive the upper movable platform and the lower movable platform to, when the platform lifting motor rotates reversely, the ball screw drives the upper moving platform and the lower moving platform to slide and descend so as to drive the circular rotary sand car lifting working platform to descend, the upper moving platform, the static platform, the lower moving platform, the ball spline shaft, the guide shaft, the ball screw, the platform lifting motor, the hollow shaft output speed reducer and the reduction gear set jointly form a circular rotary sand car lifting working platform lifting mechanism, and the circular rotary sand car lifting working platform lifting mechanism is located below a track of a sanding printing station.

The bottom of one end of a rectangular reciprocating motion sand vehicle is provided with a double-shaft output speed reducing motor, output shafts at two ends of the rectangular reciprocating motion sand vehicle are respectively provided with a double-row chain wheel, the highest positions at two ends of the sand vehicle are respectively provided with a set of lifting shafts along the width direction of the sand vehicle, wherein one end of the double-shaft output speed reducing motor, which is the same as the double-shaft output speed reducing motor, is a near-end lifting shaft, the other end of the double-shaft output speed reducing motor, is a far-end lifting shaft, the near-end lifting shaft consists of two double-row lifting chain wheels at two ends, a chain wheel shaft and a belt seat bearing, the two double-row driving chain wheels on the near-end lifting shaft are respectively connected with the double-row chain wheels at two ends of the output shaft of the double-shaft output speed reducing motor through chains, the two double-row lifting chain wheels on the near-end lifting shaft are respectively connected with, the lifting working platform of the rectangular reciprocating sand wagon is respectively connected with double rows of lifting chain wheels of the near-end lifting shaft and the far-end lifting shaft through chains, the double-shaft output speed reducing motor drives the chains to lift the lifting working platform of the rectangular reciprocating sand wagon in a positive rotation mode and descends in a negative rotation mode; the double-shaft output speed reduction motor, the near-end lifting shaft and the far-end lifting shaft jointly form a lifting mechanism of the lifting working platform of the rectangular reciprocating motion sand truck.

The 3D sand mold printer is simple in structure, practical and accurate in design, does not have too expensive and too fine and complicated parts, can greatly reduce the manufacturing cost, enables the 3D sand mold printer to become equipment which is affordable and usable by small and medium-sized enterprises, and is favorable for rapid popularization of the 3D sand mold printing technology in the casting industry.

The circular rotary sand vehicle and the rectangular reciprocating motion sand vehicle cannot be compatible with the same set of 3D sand mold printer, and can only be matched with the 3D sand mold printer suitable for the circular rotary sand vehicle and the 3D sand mold printer suitable for the rectangular reciprocating motion sand vehicle respectively, although the two 3D sand mold printers have the same main components such as a sand paving mechanism, a glue spraying printing mechanism and a heating printing mechanism. The two sand trucks are different in structure, driving mode, signal transmission, working flow and applicable software programs; the 3D sand mould printer which is respectively matched with the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car also has a plurality of differences, for example, a 3D sand mould printer frame which is matched with the circular rotary sand car to work is a single column type with a base, a lifting working platform lifting mechanism, a sand car lifting mechanism and a sand car rotating mechanism are separately arranged under a track at a sand paving printing station, and the 3D sand mould printer frame which is matched with the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car is of a gantry type, and meanwhile, the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car is provided with the lifting working platform lifting mechanism and does not need to be provided with the sand car lifting mechanism and the sand car rotating mechanism.

The circular rotary sand vehicle has the advantages that: the circular rotary sand vehicle always keeps constant-speed rotation when working, and the rectangular reciprocating sand vehicle needs to continuously reciprocate, so that the circular rotary sand vehicle is more stable and reliable and has higher efficiency; the circular rotary sand vehicle has no problem of walking when returning, and the rectangular reciprocating motion sand vehicle has the problem of walking when returning under the condition of only arranging one set of sand paving mechanism.

The rectangular reciprocating sand vehicle has the advantages that: the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car can easily lengthen the size of the sand car, and is suitable for producing sand molds with super-long sizes.

Compare current 3D sand mo (u) printer, still all there is the improvement part in following four aspects with the supporting 3D sand mo (u) printer of circular rotatory sand car and rectangle reciprocating motion sand car respectively: when the sand paving mechanism, the nozzle array and the heating printing mechanism work, the sand paving mechanism, the nozzle array and the heating printing mechanism are all positioned right above a sand paving printing station all the time, and are kept still and still as a whole respectively, only a sand vehicle moves, and the sand paving and glue spraying printing system of the existing 3D sand mould printer does not need to carry out reciprocating motion frequently all the time, so that a drag chain is not needed to be arranged, and the problem that a rubber tube and a flat cable in the drag chain are easy to break and cause frame loss of a printed graph is avoided; sanding and printing are simultaneously carried out, the problem of idle walking does not exist in the circular rotary sand car, and the problem of idle walking does not exist in the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car when two sets of sanding mechanisms are arranged, so that the working efficiency is improved for the defect that the existing 3D sand mould printer cannot simultaneously perform sanding and printing and only can idle walk when sanding returns; the nozzle array or the heating printing mechanism can finish glue spraying printing or heating printing at one time after sand spreading of the sand spreading mechanism, and the glue spraying printing of the layer can be finished without the need of sequentially performing glue spraying printing of a plurality of blocks like the conventional 3D sand mold printer, so that the working efficiency is improved; and a sand paving mechanism, a glue spraying printing mechanism and a heating printing mechanism are simultaneously configured, so that one device can simultaneously meet two sand mold manufacturing processes which are widely applied at present and have respective advantages, one process is a sand and resin and curing agent cementing and curing molding process, and the other process is a precoated sand surface layer resin melting molding process, thereby greatly expanding the raw material optional range of the 3D sand mold printer.

The 3D sand mould printer matched with the circular rotary sand car can respectively carry out two sand mould manufacturing processes.

The heating printing mechanism does not work, the sand paving mechanism and the glue spraying printing mechanism work, common casting sand, curing agent and resin are used for performing cementation and solidification molding process, and the working process is as follows: the common casting sand is mixed with the curing agent uniformly in advance, and then is conveyed into the sand homogenizing cylinder through the feeding machine through the feeding hole; the glue solution is usually resin; sending a sand car transferring signal after a complete machine control system is ready, stopping the circular rotary sand car after the circular rotary sand car rapidly runs to a sand laying printing station on a track, lifting a liftable working platform to a preset height by a working platform lifting mechanism, lifting the circular rotary sand car to the preset height by the sand car lifting mechanism, completely separating a sand wheel from the track, pre-filling sand into a sand homogenizing cylinder by rotating a rotary sand homogenizing spring, and increasing the pressure of resin in a common rail pipe to a preset pressure by the operation of a rubber pump; the sand vehicle rotating mechanism drives the circular rotating sand vehicle and the liftable working platform to rotate at a constant speed, the absolute angle data of the sand vehicle is transmitted to the complete machine control system by the sand vehicle absolute angle sensor, the complete machine control system controls and commands the rotating sand homogenizing spring to rotate controllably, sand flows to a sand storage hole or a sand storage groove of the sand homogenizing roller from the lower sand groove, the sand homogenizing roller drives the sweeping roller to rotate controllably, the sand falls onto the sand homogenizing plate after being uniformly distributed by the sand storage hole or the sand storage groove, then is further divided by a sand guide groove on the sand homogenizing plate and swims the sand homogenizing plate more uniformly, and finally, uniform sand paving with preset thickness is carried out on the part outside the blind area of the liftable working platform; meanwhile, in a blind area of the liftable working platform, along with the controllable rotation of the rotating sand evening spring, a part of sand flows into and fills the funnel or the simplified plate funnel from the sand evening cylinder through a circular tube, and then automatically flows to a sand paving plane in the blind area along a lower sand thin seam on the circular table-shaped core plug, because the lower port edge of the funnel or the simplified plate funnel is flush with the sand paving plane, the automatically flowing sand can also be flush with the sand paving plane, and the sand paving thicknesses inside and outside the blind area are the same; the whole machine control system generates dot matrix data according to the absolute angle data and the section graph of the layer, controls and commands the electromagnetic valve array to work, resin performs glue spraying and printing on the section graph of the sand layer on a sand paving plane outside the blind area of the liftable working platform through the nozzle array, and the resin, sand and a curing agent are mixed and cemented and cured to form a corresponding section graph layer; meanwhile, in the blind area of the liftable working platform, the micro nozzle array performs glue spraying printing on the sanding plane in the blind area, and the nozzle is higher than the sanding plane and cannot be blocked by sand; when the circular rotary sand vehicle rotates for a whole revolution, the liftable working platform gradually descends, and when the sand vehicle rotates for a whole revolution, the sand paving and glue spraying printing of the layer is finished, the liftable working platform also descends a stroke with a preset cross-section layer thickness along with the sand paving and glue spraying printing of the next layer; the steps are repeated until all section patterns are finished, the sand paving and glue spraying printing are finished, the sand mold is manufactured, the sand vehicle lifting mechanism descends, the sand vehicle wheel contacts with the rail, then the sand vehicle moves out of the sand paving printing station and runs to the next station, and after the sand mold is solidified and the strength reaches the standard, the post-treatment processes such as sand blowing and mold stripping are carried out; if the 3D sand mould printer has been provided with high frequency heater, can spread sand and spout glue and print and just start high frequency heater, just initiatively accelerate sand mould solidification progress in sand mould manufacturing process.

The glue spraying and printing mechanism does not work, the sand paving mechanism and the heating and printing mechanism work, the precoated sand is used for heating and melting a molding process, and the working process is as follows: the precoated sand is conveyed into a sand homogenizing cylinder by a feeding machine through a feeding hole; the complete machine control system sends a sand wagon transferring signal after being ready, the circular rotary sand wagon stops after rapidly running to a sand laying printing station on the track, the lifting mechanism of the working platform lifts the liftable working platform to a preset height, the lifting mechanism of the sand wagon lifts the circular rotary sand wagon to the preset height, the sand wheel is completely separated from the track, and the rotary sand-homogenizing spring rotates to pre-fill sand into the sand-homogenizing cylinder; the sand vehicle rotating mechanism drives the circular rotating sand vehicle and the liftable working platform to rotate at a constant speed, the absolute angle data of the sand vehicle is transmitted to the complete machine control system by the sand vehicle absolute angle sensor, the complete machine control system controls and commands the rotating sand homogenizing spring to rotate controllably, sand flows to a sand storage hole or a sand storage groove of the sand homogenizing roller from the lower sand groove, the sand homogenizing roller drives the sweeping roller to rotate controllably, the sand falls onto the sand homogenizing plate after being uniformly distributed by the sand storage hole or the sand storage groove, then is further divided by a sand guide groove on the sand homogenizing plate and swims the sand homogenizing plate more uniformly, and finally, uniform sand paving with preset thickness is carried out on the part outside the blind area of the liftable working platform; meanwhile, in a blind area of the liftable working platform, along with the controllable rotation of the rotating sand evening spring, a part of sand flows into and fills the funnel or the simplified plate funnel from the sand evening cylinder through a circular tube, and then automatically flows to a sand paving plane in the blind area along a lower sand thin seam on the circular table-shaped core plug, because the lower port edge of the funnel or the simplified plate funnel is flush with the sand paving plane, the automatically flowing sand can also be flush with the sand paving plane, and the sand paving thicknesses inside and outside the blind area are the same; the complete machine control system generates dot matrix data according to the absolute angle data and the section graph of the layer, controls and commands a dot matrix electric heating head in the heating and printing mechanism to controllably heat the section graph of the sand layer on a sanding plane outside a blind area, and melts and adheres resin on the surface layer of the precoated sand to form a corresponding section graph layer; meanwhile, in a blind area of the liftable working platform, the micro heating and printing mechanism heats and prints a sand laying plane in the blind area; when the circular rotary sand vehicle rotates for a whole revolution, the liftable working platform gradually descends, and when the sand vehicle rotates for a whole revolution, the sand paving and heating printing of the layer are finished, the liftable working platform also descends a stroke with a preset cross-section layer thickness along with the sand paving and heating printing of the next layer; the steps are repeated until all section patterns are finished, sanding and heating printing are finished, the sand mold is manufactured, the sand vehicle lifting mechanism descends, the sand vehicle wheel contacts with the track, then the sand vehicle moves out of a sanding printing station and moves to the next station, and after the strength of the sand mold reaches the standard, post-treatment processes such as sand blowing and mold stripping are carried out; in order to replace the worn-out old Teflon film, after working for a period of time, the tape releasing roller of the heating and printing mechanism releases a new film to cover the dot matrix electric heating head and is tightened by the tape collecting roller.

The 3D sand mould printer matched with the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car can respectively carry out two sand mould manufacturing processes.

The heating printing mechanism does not work, the sand paving mechanism and the glue spraying printing mechanism work, common casting sand, curing agent and resin are used for performing cementation and solidification molding process, and the working process is as follows: the common casting sand is mixed with the curing agent uniformly in advance, and then is conveyed into the sand homogenizing cylinder through the feeding machine through the feeding hole; the glue solution is usually resin; sending a sand truck transfer signal after the complete machine control system is ready, stopping the rectangular reciprocating motion sand truck after the rectangular reciprocating motion sand truck rapidly runs to a sand laying printing station on a track, lifting a liftable working platform to a preset height by a working platform lifting mechanism, rotating a sand evening spring to pre-fill sand into a sand evening cylinder, and increasing the resin pressure in a common rail pipe to a preset pressure by a glue pump; the rectangular reciprocating motion sand vehicle moves forwards on the track at a constant speed, the absolute position data of the sand vehicle is transmitted to a complete machine control system by a sand vehicle absolute position sensor, the complete machine control system controls and commands a rotary sand homogenizing spring to rotate controllably, sand flows to a sand storage hole or a sand storage groove of a sand homogenizing roller from a lower sand groove, the sand homogenizing roller drives a sweeping roller to rotate controllably, the sand falls onto a sand homogenizing plate after being uniformly distributed by the sand storage hole or the sand storage groove, then is further divided by a sand guide groove on the sand homogenizing plate and flows more uniformly by the sand guide groove, finally falls onto a lifting working platform to perform uniform sand paving with preset thickness, meanwhile, the complete machine control system generates dot matrix data according to the absolute position data and the cross section graph of the layer, controls and commands the work of a nozzle array, resin performs glue spraying and printing on the cross section graph of the sand layer on the sand paving plane through the nozzle array, the resin is mixed with the sand and a curing agent, Gluing to form corresponding section pattern layers; the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car stops when running to the tail end of the sand laying printing station, the sand laying and glue spraying printing of the layer is finished, the work is suspended, the liftable working platform descends for a stroke of a preset cross-sectional layer thickness, and then the sand car quickly returns to the initial position to carry out the sand laying and glue spraying printing of the next layer; repeating the steps until all the section patterns are finished, paving sand and spraying glue to print, finishing the manufacturing of the sand mold, moving the sand vehicle out of a sand paving printing station and operating to the next station, and performing post-treatment processes such as sand blowing and mold stripping after the sand mold is cured and the strength reaches the standard; if the 3D sand mould printer has been provided with high frequency heater, can spread sand and spout glue and print and just start high frequency heater, just initiatively accelerate sand mould solidification progress in sand mould manufacturing process.

The glue spraying and printing mechanism does not work, the sand paving mechanism and the heating and printing mechanism work, the precoated sand is used for heating and melting a molding process, and the working process is as follows: the precoated sand is conveyed into a sand homogenizing cylinder by a feeding machine through a feeding hole; the whole machine control system sends a sand car transferring signal after being ready, the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car stops after rapidly running to a sand laying printing station on the track, the lifting mechanism of the working platform lifts the liftable working platform to a preset height, and the rotary sand-homogenizing spring rotates to pre-fill sand into the sand-homogenizing cylinder; the rectangular reciprocating motion sand vehicle moves forwards on the rail at a constant speed, the absolute position data of the sand vehicle is transmitted to a complete machine control system by a sand vehicle absolute position sensor, the complete machine control system controls and commands a rotary sand homogenizing spring to rotate controllably, sand flows to a sand storage hole or a sand storage groove of a sand homogenizing roller from a lower sand groove, the sand homogenizing roller drives a sweeping roller to rotate controllably, the sand falls onto a sand homogenizing plate after being uniformly distributed by the sand storage hole or the sand storage groove, then is further divided by a sand guide groove on the sand homogenizing plate and flows more uniformly by the sand guide groove, finally falls onto a lifting working platform to perform uniform sand paving with preset thickness, meanwhile, the complete machine control system generates dot matrix data according to the absolute position data and the cross section graph of the layer, controls and commands a dot matrix electric heating head in a heating printing mechanism to perform controllable heating on the cross section graph of the sand layer on a sand paving plane, a film is coated on the surface layer of resin, the molten resin on the sand surface layer, Adhering to form corresponding section layers; the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car stops when running to the tail end of the sand paving and printing station, the sand paving and heating printing of the layer is finished, the work is suspended, the liftable working platform descends for a stroke of a preset cross-section layer thickness, and then the sand car quickly returns to the initial position to perform sand paving and heating printing of the next layer; repeating the steps until all section patterns are finished, sanding and heating printing are finished, the sand mold is manufactured, then the sand vehicle moves out of a sanding printing station and runs to the next station, and after the strength of the sand mold reaches the standard, post-treatment processes such as sand blowing and mold stripping are carried out; in order to replace the worn-out old Teflon film, after working for a period of time, the tape releasing roller of the heating and printing mechanism releases a new film to cover the dot matrix electric heating head and is tightened by the tape collecting roller.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are that, can print when making the sand mould in 3D, conveniently be applicable to the casting trade simultaneously by the ordinary casting sand of wide application, the curing agent, the resin bondings solidifies into moulding technology and hot melt tectorial membrane sand heating moulding technology, can once only accomplish to the planar spouting of whole sanding print or heat and print and needn't divide the piece to carry out a lot of and print, sanding and printing can go on simultaneously and can avoid appearing the condition that the equipment is empty to walk, can just accelerate sand mould solidification progress and shorten sand mould manufacturing period in sand mould manufacturing process, sanding mechanism, nozzle array and heating printing mechanism wholly keep motionless therefore needn't set up drag chain mechanism at the during operation, also do not have the rubber tube in the drag chain and the easy rupture of winding displacement and lead to printing figure degree of consistency frame problem, sanding relies on accurate control of control system to sanding mechanism power device rotational speed and the accurate of even sand device to dredge to realize and needn's realization and needn't rely on the accurate of dredging of sand to rely on The manual regulation, the nozzle in the nozzle array and lead the gluey hole aperture big enough difficult jam, even block up also easy maintenance and reconversion, 3D sand mould printer simple structure, do not have too expensive and too meticulous complicated part, the medium and small-sized enterprise is affordable and is also used, is favorable to 3D sand mould printing technique to popularize in the foundry industry rapidly.

Drawings

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.

Fig. 1 is the utility model discloses supporting circular rotatory sand car's 3D schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 is the utility model discloses supporting circular rotatory sand car's frame 3D sketch map.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the whole components of the circular rotary sand vehicle of the present invention.

Figure 4 is the utility model discloses the 3D schematic diagram of supporting rectangle reciprocating motion sand car.

Figure 5 is the 3D schematic of the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the whole components of the rectangular reciprocating sand vehicle of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is the utility model discloses the 3D schematic diagram of sanding mechanism.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the sand-spreading mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the sand homogenizing plate in the sand spreading mechanism of the utility model.

Fig. 10 is a 3D schematic diagram of the glue-spraying printing mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the working flow of the glue-spraying printing mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a 3D schematic diagram of the facing surfaces of the nozzle array metal plates in the glue-jet printing mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a nozzle array in the glue-jet printing mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a 3D schematic diagram of the thermal printing mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of a dot matrix electric heating head in the heating and printing mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is the utility model discloses the miniature sanding printing mechanism's of blind area 3D schematic diagram.

Fig. 17 is the utility model discloses the miniature sanding printing mechanism's of blind area 3D structure sketch map.

Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of the utility model with two sets of sanding mechanisms matched with a rectangular reciprocating sand vehicle.

Fig. 19 is a schematic structural view of the high-frequency heater of the present invention.

Fig. 20 is the whole 3D schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism of the circular rotary sand car, the rotating mechanism and the lifting mechanism of the liftable working platform of the present invention.

Fig. 21 is a schematic structural view of the lifting mechanism of the circular rotary sand car of the present invention.

Fig. 22 is a 3D schematic view of the circular rotary sand car rotary mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 23 is the utility model discloses circular rotatory sand car liftable work platform lifting mechanism's 3D schematic diagram.

Fig. 24 is the utility model discloses the 3D schematic diagram of the quiet platform among the circular rotatory sand car liftable work platform lifting mechanism.

Fig. 25 is the utility model discloses the base part matched with 3D schematic diagram of quiet platform and frame among the circular rotatory sand car liftable work platform lifting mechanism.

In the figure, 1, a sand paving mechanism, 2, a glue spraying printing mechanism, 3, a heating printing mechanism, 4, a high-frequency heater, 5, a frame, 6, a blind zone micro sand paving printing mechanism, 7, a circular rotary sand vehicle, 8, a rail, 9, a base, 10, a driving wheel, 11, a circular rotary sand vehicle liftable working platform, 12, a circular rotary sand vehicle liftable working platform lifting mechanism, 13, a circular rotary sand vehicle lifting mechanism, 14, a circular rotary sand vehicle rotating mechanism, 15, a rectangular reciprocating sand vehicle, 16, a rectangular reciprocating sand vehicle liftable working platform, 17, a rectangular reciprocating sand vehicle liftable working platform lifting mechanism, 18, a rectangular reciprocating sand vehicle driving mechanism, 19, a feeding port, 20, a sand homogenizing cylinder, 21, a rotary sand homogenizing spring, 22, a sand cylinder power device, 23, a sand discharging groove, 24, a sand homogenizing flat roller, 25, a sand homogenizing roller, 26. a power device of a sand evening roller, 27. a gear ring of the sand evening roller, 28. a gear of a sweeping flat roller, 29. a bracket, 30. a sand evening plate, 31. a rocker, 32. an eccentric shaft, 33. a speed adjustable motor, 34. a bearing, 35. a front side of a sand discharging groove, 36. a rear side of the sand discharging groove, 37. a sand storage hole, 38. a self-aligning bearing, 39. a sand guide groove, 40. a nozzle array, 41. a metal plate, 42. a rubber guide hole, 43. a pressure gauge, 44. a rubber branch pipe buncher, 45. a nozzle, 46. a rubber box, 47. a filter screen, 48. a rubber pump, 49. a rubber pipe, 50. a one-way valve, 51. an energy storage shock absorber, 52. a common rail pipe, 53. an electromagnetic valve array, 54. an electromagnetic valve unit, 55. a branch manifold, 56. a rubber branch pipe, 57. a facing surface of the metal plate, 58. a back surface of the metal plate, 59. a lattice electric heating head, 60. a belt discharging roller, 61. a brake device, 64. 65 parts of a base plate, a ceramic coating, 66 parts of a heating unit, 67 parts of a heating array, 68 parts of a wear-resistant protective layer, 69 parts of a Teflon film, 70 parts of an air expansion shaft, 71 parts of a round pipe, 72 parts of a reducing elbow pipe, 73 parts of a simplified plate funnel, 74 parts of a sand-discharging slit, 75 parts of a micro nozzle array, 76 parts of a flat bottom groove, 77 parts of a micro heating and printing mechanism, 78 parts of a circular truncated cone-shaped core plug, 79 parts of a cylindrical core plug, 80 parts of a servo motor, 81 parts of a one-way overrunning clutch, 82 parts of a synchronous belt, 83 parts of an insulating plate, 84 parts of a high-frequency unit, 85 parts of a metal shielding protective cover, 86 parts of a sieve hole, 87 parts of a sand car platform, 88 parts of a hydraulic cylinder, 89 parts of a sand car rotating motor, 90 parts of a speed reducer, 91 parts of a driving gear, 92 parts of a driven gear, 93 parts of an outer gear ring, 99. the device comprises a cross roller bearing, 100 double-shaft output speed reducing motors, 101 near-end lifting shafts, 102 far-end lifting shafts, 103 double-row lifting chain wheels, 104 double-row transmission chain wheels, 105 static platforms, 106 outer circular holes, 107 inner circular holes, 108 central circular holes, 109 copper sleeves, 110 guide shafts, 111 hollow-shaft output speed reducing machines, 112 upper moving platforms and 113 lower moving platforms.

Detailed Description

The utility model discloses there are two concrete embodiments.

The first embodiment is described in detail.

In fig. 1 and 3, the supporting circular rotatory sand car (7) of 3D sand mould printer carry out 3D sand mould and print.

In fig. 2, the utility model discloses with supporting 3D sand mo (u) ld printer of circular rotatory sand car (7), its frame (5) adopts the single column formula of taking base (9), and base (9) are located and spread sand and print under the station.

In fig. 1 and 3, a sand paving mechanism (1), a glue spraying printing mechanism (2), a heating printing mechanism (3), a high-frequency heater (4) and a blind area micro sand paving printing mechanism (6) are all arranged on a frame (5), and the sand paving mechanism (1), the glue spraying printing mechanism (2), the heating printing mechanism (3) and the high-frequency heater (4) respectively occupy one radius of a liftable working platform (11) of a circular rotary sand car; the track (8) and the circular rotary sand vehicle (7) are positioned above the base (9), and the track (8) is horizontal and passes right below the sand laying printing station; the circular rotary sand wagon rotating mechanism (14), the circular rotary sand wagon lifting mechanism (13) and the circular rotary sand wagon liftable working platform lifting mechanism (12) are all arranged on the base (9).

In the figures 7 and 8, a horizontal sand homogenizing cylinder (20) which is communicated with a feeding machine through a feeding hole (19) and is internally provided with a rotary sand homogenizing spring (21) is arranged on a rack (5), a horizontal sand homogenizing roller (25) which is positioned below the sand homogenizing cylinder (20) and is provided with a plurality of sand storage holes (37) on the outer surface is arranged on the rack (5), a rectangular tubular lower sand groove (23) is arranged at the bottom of the sand homogenizing cylinder (20) and corresponds to the top end of the sand homogenizing roller (25), the lower edge of the rear side surface (36) of the lower sand groove is adjacent to the top end of the sand homogenizing roller (25), a neutral position is reserved between the lower edge of the front side surface (35) of the lower sand groove and the top end of the sand homogenizing roller (25), two ends of the lower sand groove (23) are respectively provided with a bracket (29), a sweeping flat roller (24) positioned at the neutral position is arranged through the bracket (29), the sweeping flat roller (24) is adjacent to the lower edge of the front side surface (35) of the lower sand groove, the lower part of the uniform sand roller is tangent to the uniform sand roller (25), when the uniform sand roller (25) rotates, the sweeping roller (24) is driven to rotate by the meshing of a uniform sand roller gear ring (27) and a sweeping roller gear (28), and a uniform sand cylinder power device (22) and a uniform sand roller power device (26) are respectively arranged on the uniform sand cylinder (20) and the uniform sand roller (25) to drive the rotary uniform sand spring (21) and the uniform sand roller (25) to rotate.

In the figures 7, 8 and 9, an inclined sand homogenizing plate (30) is arranged below the sand homogenizing roller (25), the lower edge of the sand homogenizing plate (30) is vertical to the sand paving direction, a plurality of sand guide grooves (39) vertical to the lower edge of the sand homogenizing plate (30) are arranged from the upper edge of the sand homogenizing plate (30), the depth of the sand guide grooves (39) is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the width is gradually widened from top to bottom, and the sand guide groove (39) completely disappears and becomes a plane when the sand guide groove is close to the lower edge of the sand homogenizing plate (30), the plane reaches the lower edge of the sand homogenizing plate (30), an eccentric shaft (32) driven by a speed-adjustable motor (33) is arranged on the back of the sand homogenizing plate (30), the lower end of the sand homogenizing plate (30) is fixed on the eccentric shaft (32) through a bearing (34), the upper end of the sand homogenizing plate is fixed on the rack (5) through a rocker (31) and a self-aligning bearing (38), and the eccentric shaft (32) drives the sand homogenizing plate (30) to swim when rotating; the sand spreading mechanism (1) is composed of a sand homogenizing cylinder (20), a sand homogenizing cylinder power device (22), a sand homogenizing roller (25), a sand homogenizing roller power device (26), a sweeping roller (24), a sand homogenizing plate (30) and an attached speed-adjustable motor (33), an eccentric shaft (32), a rocker (31), a self-aligning bearing (38) and the like, and the sand spreading mechanism (1) is located right above a sand spreading printing station and keeps still when working.

The sand paving mechanism (1) is characterized in that a complete machine control system is adopted, a rotary sand evening spring (21) is accurately controlled, a sand evening roller (25) is accurately controlled, the rotating speed of a flat sweeping roller (24) is controlled, the sand paving amount is accurately controlled, the sand evening roller (30) is uniformly fallen onto the sand evening plate, the lower edge of the sand evening plate (30) is uniformly dredged by a sand guiding groove (39) on the sand evening plate (30), and finally the sand paving mechanism is uniformly paved onto a sand paving plane of a circular rotary sand car liftable working platform (11) along with the swimming motion of the sand evening plate (30), and uniform sand paving is not required to be realized by manually adjusting the size of a gap of a lower sand opening like the conventional 3D sand mould printer.

In the figures 10 and 11, a glue pump (48) is arranged, the inlet of the glue pump (48) is connected with a glue box (46) through a rubber pipe (49), a filter screen (47) is connected with a glue box (46), the outlet of the glue pump (48) is connected with a one-way valve (50), the outlet of the one-way valve (50) is respectively connected with a common rail pipe (52) and an energy storage shock absorber (51) through the rubber pipe (49), a set of electromagnetic valve arrays (53) is arranged, the inlet of each electromagnetic valve unit (54) is respectively connected with each branch manifold (55) of the common rail pipe (52) through a branch rubber pipe (56) in a one-to-one correspondence manner, a set of horizontal nozzle arrays (40) is arranged on a rack (5), the outlet of each electromagnetic valve unit (54) is respectively connected with each nozzle (45) of the nozzle arrays (40) through a branch rubber pipe (56) in a one-to-one manner, a pressure gauge (43), The glue spraying printing mechanism (2) is composed of a one-way valve (50), a common rail pipe (52), an energy storage shock absorber (51), an electromagnetic valve array (53), a branch rubber pipe (56), a nozzle array (40) and a pressure gauge (43) together, and the nozzle array (40) is located right above a sand laying printing station and keeps still when working.

In fig. 10, a plurality of sets of branch rubber tube bunchers (44) can be arranged on a frame (5), and a large number of branch rubber tubes (56) can be summarized and sorted; in order to improve the glue spraying and printing precision, two sets of same nozzle arrays (40) can be arranged side by side at the same time, and the density of the nozzles (45) is increased, the distance between the nozzles (45) is reduced, so that the glue spraying and printing precision is improved.

In fig. 12 and 13, the nozzle array (40) is formed by splicing two rectangular metal plates (41) with the same size, a row of fine and dense semicircular grooves which are in one-to-one correspondence are respectively arranged on the opposite surfaces (57) of the two metal plates, the lower ends of the grooves are respectively opened at the bottoms of the metal plates (41), the corresponding grooves are combined into a complete circular thin tube to be used as a nozzle (45) when the two metal plates (41) are spliced, holes which are equal to half of the total number of the nozzles (45) and respectively opened at the two ends on the opposite surfaces (57) and the back surfaces (58) of the metal plates and have the diameter larger than that of the nozzles (45) are respectively arranged above the nozzles (45) of the two metal plates (41) to be used as glue guide holes (42), the upper ends of the nozzles (45) are respectively communicated with the glue guide holes (42) on the different metal plates (41) in one-to-one correspondence, and the two glue guide holes (42) communicated with any two adjacent nozzles (45) are respectively arranged on the different, the opening ends of the glue guiding holes (42) positioned on the back surface (58) of the metal plate are arranged in a plurality of rows at intervals convenient for operation and are respectively connected with the output end of each solenoid valve unit (54) in the solenoid valve array (53) in a one-to-one correspondence mode through a glue branch pipe (56).

Although the nozzle (45) and the glue guide hole (42) in the nozzle array (40) are fine, the pore diameter is still large enough, even if glue liquid is too viscous or not good in filtering, the nozzle array is not easy to block, even if the nozzle array (40) is blocked, the nozzle array (45) and the glue guide hole (42) are easy to open because the nozzle array is formed by splicing two metal plates (41), the nozzle array and the glue guide hole (42) which are blocked are easy to find once the nozzle array and the glue guide hole are opened, the blocked nozzle array (45) and the blocked glue guide hole (42) can be restored to the original state after being communicated well, and the situation that damage and even scrapping caused by accumulation can not occur.

In the figures 1 and 4, a set of horizontal high-frequency heater (4) which is close to a sanding plane and is positioned behind a sanding mechanism (1) and a glue spraying printing mechanism (2) is arranged on a frame (5), and the high-frequency heater (4) is positioned right above a sanding printing station and keeps still when in work.

In FIG. 19, the high-frequency heater 4 comprises a rectangular insulating plate 83, a plurality of high-frequency units 84 formed by serially connecting coils and capacitors are provided on the insulating plate 83, the high-frequency units 84 are connected in parallel and regularly arranged in an array and connected to a high-frequency power supply, and a metal shield 85 having mesh openings 86 is provided above the insulating plate 83 to shield high-frequency radiation.

The high-frequency heater (4) is suitable for matching the sand paving mechanism (1) and the glue spraying printing mechanism (2) to carry out the common casting sand, resin and curing agent cementation and solidification molding process: adding a proper amount of iron powder into common casting sand in advance, uniformly mixing, and conveying into a sand homogenizing cylinder (20) through a feeding machine; the nozzle array (40) performs glue spraying printing on the sand paving plane, the high-frequency heater (4) performs high-frequency radiation on the sand layer, and iron powder particles mixed in the sand layer generate eddy current and generate heat, so that the curing progress of the section pattern layer of the sand mold is accelerated; along with the continuous operation of sand paving and glue spraying printing, the high-frequency heater (4) plays a role in heating and accelerating the curing progress of each sand layer, and has a deep effect on a plurality of sand layers; when all the section patterns are paved with sand and printed and the sand mold is manufactured, the sand mold curing progress is remarkably accelerated by the high-frequency heater (4), and the subsequent sand mold curing treatment processes such as stopping or drying are greatly shortened or simplified.

Current 3D sand mould printer can not only rely on stopping or drying process in the later stage completely at sand mould manufacture in-process just initiatively accelerate sand mould solidification progress, the utility model discloses a high frequency heating ware (4) can show and improve this situation, just can accelerate sand mould solidification progress in sand mould manufacture, has shortened sand mould manufacturing period.

In the figures 1 and 4, a set of horizontal heating and printing mechanism (3) is arranged on a machine frame (5), and the heating and printing mechanism (3) is positioned right above a sanding and printing station and keeps still when in work.

In fig. 14, the heating and printing mechanism (3) is composed of a set of dot matrix electric heating heads (59), a tape releasing roller (60) with a braking device (61) and a tape collecting roller (62) with a tension providing device (63), a teflon film (69) shown in fig. 19 is released by the tape releasing roller (60), braked, covered on the dot matrix electric heating heads (59), then collected and tensioned by the tape collecting roller (62), the tape releasing roller (60) and the tape collecting roller (62) adopt an air expansion shaft (70), the teflon film (69) is high temperature resistant, quick in heat conduction, wear resistant and small in friction coefficient, the dot matrix electric heating heads (59) are separated from the sand surface, and the heating and printing mechanism (3) is contacted with the sand surface by proper pressure and can controllably heat the sand layer.

In fig. 15, a ceramic coating (65) is covered on an aluminum or copper substrate (64), a plurality of small heating units (66) are arranged on the ceramic coating (65), the heating units (66) are arranged into a heating array (67), a wear-resistant protective layer (68) is coated on the surface of the heating array (67) and is led out through a flat cable, the flat cable is connected to a complete machine control system, and the substrate (64) and the heating array (67) arranged on the substrate jointly form a dot matrix electric heating head (59); a preheating device is arranged in front of the lattice electric heating head (59), the preheating device heats the precoated sand surface layer resin to a temperature slightly lower than the melting temperature of the precoated sand surface layer resin in advance, and then the lattice electric heating head (59) continuously heats the sand layer to the melting temperature of the precoated sand surface layer resin.

In the figures 1 and 3, a circular rotary sand wagon (7) is arranged on a track (8), a driving wheel (10), a sand wagon driving mechanism, a control system thereof and a wireless transceiver module which are insulated from each other are arranged on the circular rotary sand wagon (7), a chassis of the circular rotary sand wagon (7) is arranged to be horizontal, a circular rotary sand wagon lifting working platform (11) which can move up and down in the circular rotary sand wagon (7) and can synchronously rotate with the circular rotary sand wagon (7) is arranged, a circular rotary sand wagon lifting working platform lifting mechanism (12), a circular rotary sand wagon lifting mechanism (13) and a circular rotary sand wagon rotating mechanism (14) are arranged below the track (8) at a sand paving and printing station, an absolute angle sensor is arranged on the circular rotary sand wagon rotating mechanism (14), a power supply of the sand wagon driving mechanism is connected with the track (8) with low-voltage safe direct current through the driving wheel (10), the absolute angle sensor reads absolute angle information of the circular rotary sand car (7) in real time and transmits the absolute angle information to the whole machine control system, and the command signal is communicated with the whole machine control system through the wireless transceiving module.

In fig. 20, 21 and 22, four hydraulic cylinders (88) are arranged on a base (9), a crossed roller bearing (99) with an external gear ring (93) is arranged, a static part of the crossed roller bearing is fixed on cylinder rods of the four hydraulic cylinders (88), a sand wagon platform (87) is arranged on the upper portion of a moving coil of the crossed roller bearing (99), a circular rotary sand wagon (7) is parked on the sand wagon platform (87), a sand wagon rotating motor (89) and a speed reducer (90) are arranged on the base (9) and meshed with the external gear ring (93) of the crossed roller bearing (99) through a driving gear (91) and a driven gear (92) to drive the sand wagon platform (87) to rotate at a constant speed so as to drive the circular rotary sand wagon (7) to rotate at a constant speed, the crossed roller bearing (99) of the external gear ring (93), the sand wagon platform (87), the sand wagon rotating motor (89), the speed reducer (90) and the sand wagon platform, The driving gear (91) and the driven gear (92) jointly form a circular rotary sand car rotating mechanism (14), and the circular rotary sand car rotating mechanism (14) is located below the track (8) at the sand paving and printing station.

In fig. 20 and 21, four hydraulic cylinders (88) are connected in parallel through a flow-collecting and flow-dividing valve to achieve the effect of synchronous lifting, the hydraulic cylinders (88) work to drive a sand car platform (87) to lift and further drive a circular rotary sand car (7) to lift, the sand car platform (87), the hydraulic cylinders (88) and the flow-collecting and flow-dividing valve jointly form a circular rotary sand car lifting mechanism (13), and the circular rotary sand car lifting mechanism (13) is located below a track (8) at a sand laying printing station.

In fig. 20, 23, 24 and 25, an equilateral triangle steel plate is fixed on a base (9) as a static platform (105), an outer round hole (106) and an inner round hole (107) are sequentially arranged at corresponding positions of three corners of the static platform (105) from outside to inside, a central round hole (108) is arranged at the central position, a copper sleeve (109) is respectively arranged at the outer round hole (106), three equal-length guide shafts (110) are arranged, the guide shafts (110) respectively penetrate through the three copper sleeves (109) and keep parallel, three equal-length ball screws (97) are arranged, the ball screws (97) respectively penetrate through the three inner round holes (107) and keep parallel, a platform lifting motor (94) and a hollow shaft output speed reducer (111) are arranged on the static platform (105), the platform lifting motor (94) adopts a servo motor and is provided with a ball spline shaft (95), the ball spline shaft (95) simultaneously penetrates through a central circular hole (108) and a hollow output shaft of a hollow shaft output speed reducer (111), the guide shaft (110), the ball screw (97) and the ball spline shaft (95) are all parallel and perpendicular to the static platform (105), an equal-size equilateral triangle steel plate is respectively arranged above and below the static platform (105) to serve as an upper movable platform (112) and a lower movable platform (113), the upper end and the lower end of the three guide shafts (110) are respectively fixed on the upper movable platform (112) and the lower movable platform (113) to form a triangular prism body with three guide shafts (110) as three edges, the upper movable platform (112) and the lower movable platform (113) as two bottom surfaces, the upper movable platform (112), the static platform (105) and the lower movable platform (113) are mutually parallel, a crossed roller bearing without an outer gear ring is arranged on the upper end surface of the upper movable platform (112), the crossed roller bearing is positioned at the central position of the inner side of the crossed roller bearing (99) with an external gear ring (93) in a circular rotary sand wagon rotating mechanism (14), a circular rotary sand wagon liftable working platform (11) is arranged to be internally connected with a polygon or provided with a slideway and is arranged on the crossed roller bearing, the circular rotary sand wagon can be lifted up and down and can synchronously rotate with a circular rotary sand wagon (7), the upper ends of three ball screws (97) and a ball spline shaft (95) are respectively fixed on the lower end surface of an upper movable platform (112) through bearings, inner circular holes (107) and central circular holes (108) are respectively arranged at the positions, corresponding to the inner circular holes (107) and the central circular holes (108) of a static platform (105) on a lower movable platform (113), the three ball screws (97) respectively penetrate through the three inner circular holes (107) of the lower movable platform (113), and the ball spline shaft (95) penetrates through the central circular holes (108) of the lower movable platform (113, the extension parts of three ball screws (97) are respectively provided with an equal-size gear, the extension parts of a ball spline shaft (95) are provided with a smaller gear, the three equal-size gears and the middle smaller gear are distributed and meshed in a radial shape to form a set of reduction gear set (96), a copper sleeve (109) fixed on a static platform (105) is matched with a guide shaft (110) fixed on an upper movable platform (112) and a lower movable platform (113) to enable the upper movable platform (112) and the lower movable platform (113) to slide up and down relative to the static platform (105), when a platform lifting motor (94) rotates forwards, a hollow shaft output reducer (111) drives the ball spline shaft (95) to rotate, the ball screws (97) drive the upper movable platform (112) and the lower movable platform (113) to slide and lift up through the reduction gear set (96), so as to drive a circular rotary sand car lifting platform (11) to lift up, when the platform lifting motor (94) rotates reversely, the ball screw (97) drives the upper moving platform (112) and the lower moving platform (113) to slide and descend so as to drive the circular rotary sand wagon lifting working platform (11) to descend, the upper moving platform (112), the static platform (105), the lower moving platform (113), the ball spline shaft (95), the guide shaft (110), the ball screw (97), the platform lifting motor (94), the hollow shaft output speed reducer (111) and the reduction gear set (96) jointly form a circular rotary sand wagon lifting working platform lifting mechanism (12), and the circular rotary sand wagon lifting working platform lifting mechanism (12) is located below the track (8) at the sand paving and printing station.

In fig. 20 and 23, three ball screws (97) are provided for repeated restraint for strength enhancement; three sets of fixed pulleys are arranged on the static platform (105), and the upper movable platform (112) and the lower movable platform (113) are respectively connected with the three balancing weights (98) through steel wire ropes, so that partial load is offset by the gravity of the balancing weights (98), the torque of the platform lifting motor (94) is reduced, the stress of a transmission part is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.

In fig. 1, 7, 16 and 17, a set of blind area micro sanding printing mechanism (6) is arranged to perform sanding printing on the blind area independently. A round pipe (71) is arranged, the upper end of the round pipe (71) is communicated with and fixed on a sand homogenizing cylinder (20) through a reducing elbow (72), the round pipe (71) is vertical to a round rotary sand wagon liftable working platform (11) and the circle center of the round pipe coincides with the circle center of the round rotary wagon liftable working platform (11) and the circle center of a blind area, the lower end of the round pipe (71) is communicated with a conical inverted funnel, the lower end opening edge of the funnel is flush with a sanding plane, a round table core plug with the bottom surface also flush with the sanding plane is arranged in the funnel, a through lower sand fine seam (74) with the same radius as the round table core plug is arranged on the round table core plug along the radius of the round table core plug, a flat bottom groove (76) with the same radius as the round table core plug is arranged on the bottom surface of the round table core plug along the radius of the round table core plug, a micro nozzle array (75) which is composed of a plurality of nozzles (45) and is, a flat bottom groove (76) with the same length as the radius of the circular truncated cone-shaped core plug is arranged on the bottom surface of the circular truncated cone-shaped core plug along the radius of the circular truncated cone-shaped core plug, a set of micro heating and printing mechanisms (77) with the same length as the flat bottom groove (76) are arranged on the flat bottom groove (76), the micro heating and printing mechanisms (77) are flush with a sand spreading plane, a lower sand fine seam (74) and the lower edge of a sand homogenizing plate (30) are in a line, the micro nozzle arrays (75) and a nozzle array (40) of the glue spraying and printing mechanism (2) are in a line, and a dot matrix electric heating head (59) of the micro heating and printing mechanisms (77) and a dot matrix electric heating head (59) of the heating and printing mechanism.

In fig. 16 and 17, in order to save space in actual operation, a simplified version funnel (73) can be provided, only a sand slit (74), a micro nozzle array (75), a micro heating printing mechanism (77) and a part of a circular truncated cone-shaped core plug (78) which belongs to the micro heating printing mechanism are left and are sealed, a cylindrical core plug (79) with the bottom surface flush with a sand laying plane is arranged at the bottom of a circular tube (71), and the cylindrical core plug (79) is connected with the part of the circular truncated cone-shaped core plug (78) which belongs to the simplified version funnel (73) into a whole.

And arranging an upper computer, installing a software program in the upper computer, and enabling the software program to generate a series of 2D section graphic data from the 3D graphics of the sand mold, wherein the software program suitable for the circular rotary sand car (7) determines the printing data of each layer of section graphic according to each layer of section graphic data and the absolute angle information of the circular rotary sand car (7).

The sand mould cross section printing method comprises the steps that a complete machine control system is arranged, the complete machine control system receives a series of 2D cross section graphic data generated by a software program in an upper computer according to a sand mould 3D graphic through communication or a memory card and stores the data in a memory, and a sand paving mechanism (1), a glue spraying printing mechanism (2), a heating printing mechanism (3), a high-frequency heater (4), a blind area micro sand paving printing mechanism (6), a circular rotary sand car (7) driving mechanism, a circular rotary sand car rotating mechanism (14), a circular rotary sand car lifting mechanism (13), a circular rotary sand car lifting working platform lifting mechanism (12) and the like cooperatively work to pave sand layers, spray glue or heat and print sand mould cross section graphic layers with preset thickness layer by layer until all the graphic layers are finished and sand mould manufacturing is finished.

The utility model discloses with supporting 3D sand mo (u) ld printer of circular rotatory sand car (7), can carry out two kinds of sand mould manufacturing process respectively.

One is that heating printing mechanism (3) is out of work, shop's sand mechanism (1) and spout gluey printing mechanism (2) work, uses ordinary foundry sand, curing agent and resin to carry out cementation solidification moulding technology, and the working process is as follows: common casting sand is mixed with a curing agent uniformly in advance, and then is conveyed into a sand homogenizing cylinder (20) through a feeding machine through a feeding hole (19); the glue solution is usually resin; sending a sand wagon transferring signal after a complete machine control system is ready, enabling a circular rotary sand wagon (7) to rapidly run on a track (8) to a sand laying printing station and then stop, enabling a lifting mechanism (12) of a lifting working platform of the circular rotary sand wagon to lift a lifting working platform (11) of the circular rotary sand wagon to a preset height, enabling a lifting mechanism (13) of the circular rotary sand wagon (7) to lift the circular rotary sand wagon to the preset height, enabling a sand wheel to be completely separated from the track (8), enabling a rotary sand evening spring (21) to rotate to pre-fill sand into a sand evening barrel (20), and enabling a glue pump (48) to run to increase the resin pressure in a common rail pipe (52) to a preset pressure; the circular rotary sand wagon lifting mechanism (13) drives the circular rotary sand wagon (7) and the circular rotary sand wagon lifting working platform (11) to rotate at a constant speed, the absolute angle sensor of the circular rotary sand wagon (7) transmits the absolute angle data of the circular rotary sand wagon (7) to the whole machine control system, the whole machine control system controls and commands the rotary sand homogenizing spring (21) to controllably rotate, sand flows to the sand storage holes (37) of the sand homogenizing roller (25) from the sand discharging groove (23), the sand homogenizing roller (25) drives the sweeping roller (24) to controllably rotate, the sand is uniformly distributed by the sand storage holes (37) and then falls onto the sand homogenizing plate (30), then is further distributed by the sand guide groove (39) on the sand homogenizing plate (30) and swims of the sand homogenizing plate (30) to be more uniform, and finally uniform sand paving with preset thickness is carried out on the part which falls outside the blind area of the liftable working platform (11) of the circular rotary sand car; meanwhile, in a blind area of a liftable working platform (11) of the circular rotary sand car, along with the controllable rotation of the rotary sand homogenizing spring (21), a part of sand flows in from the sand homogenizing cylinder (20) through a circular pipe (71) and is filled with the simplified plate funnel (73), and then flows to a sand paving plane in the blind area along a part of lower sand thin seams (74) on the circular truncated cone-shaped core plug (78), because the lower end opening edge of the simplified plate funnel (73) is flush with the sand paving plane, the self-flowing sand can also be flush with the sand paving plane, and the sand paving thicknesses inside and outside the blind area are the same; the complete machine control system generates dot matrix data according to the absolute angle data and the section graph of the layer, controls and commands the electromagnetic valve array (53) to work, resin performs glue spraying and printing on the section graph of the sand layer on a sand paving plane outside the blind area through the nozzle array (40), and the resin, sand and a curing agent are mixed and cemented and cured to form a corresponding section graph layer; meanwhile, in the blind area, the micro nozzle array (75) performs glue spraying printing on the sand laying plane in the blind area, and the nozzle (45) cannot be blocked by sand because the nozzle (45) is higher than the sand laying plane; when the circular rotary sand car (7) rotates, the circular rotary sand car liftable working platform (11) gradually descends, when the circular rotary sand car (7) rotates for a whole revolution, the sand paving and glue spraying printing of the layer is finished, and the circular rotary sand car liftable working platform (11) also descends a stroke with a preset cross-section layer thickness to perform the sand paving and glue spraying printing of the next layer; the steps are repeated until all section patterns are finished, the sand paving and glue spraying printing are finished, the sand mold is manufactured, the lifting mechanism (13) of the circular rotary sand car descends, the sand wheel contacts with the track (8), then the circular rotary sand car (7) moves out of a sand paving printing station and runs to the next station, and after the sand mold is solidified and the strength reaches the standard, the post-treatment processes such as sand blowing and mold stripping are carried out; if the 3D sand mould printer is provided with the high-frequency heater (4), the high-frequency heater (4) can be started at the beginning of sand laying and glue spraying printing, and the sand mould curing progress is actively accelerated in the sand mould manufacturing process.

The other type is that the glue spraying and printing mechanism (2) does not work, the sand paving mechanism (1) and the heating and printing mechanism (3) work, the precoated sand is used for heating, melting and molding, and the working process is as follows: the precoated sand is conveyed into a sand homogenizing cylinder (20) by a feeding machine through a feeding hole (19); sending a sand wagon transferring signal after a complete machine control system is ready, enabling a circular rotary sand wagon (7) to rapidly run on a track (8) to a sand laying printing station and then stop, enabling a circular rotary sand wagon lifting working platform lifting mechanism (12) to lift a circular rotary sand wagon lifting working platform (11) to a preset height, enabling a circular rotary sand wagon lifting mechanism (13) to lift the circular rotary sand wagon (7) to the preset height, enabling a sand wheel to be completely separated from the track (8), and enabling a rotary sand homogenizing spring (21) to rotate to pre-fill sand into a sand homogenizing cylinder (20); the circular rotary sand wagon lifting mechanism (13) drives the circular rotary sand wagon (7) and the circular rotary sand wagon lifting working platform (11) to rotate at a constant speed, the absolute angle sensor of the circular rotary sand wagon (7) transmits the absolute angle data of the circular rotary sand wagon (7) to the whole machine control system, the whole machine control system controls and commands the rotary sand homogenizing spring (21) to controllably rotate, sand flows to the sand storage holes (37) of the sand homogenizing roller (25) from the sand discharging groove (23), the sand homogenizing roller (25) drives the sweeping roller (24) to controllably rotate, the sand is uniformly distributed by the sand storage holes (37) and then falls onto the sand homogenizing plate (30), then is further distributed by the sand guide groove (39) on the sand homogenizing plate (30) and swims of the sand homogenizing plate (30) to be more uniform, and finally uniform sand paving with preset thickness is carried out on the part which falls outside the blind area of the liftable working platform (11) of the circular rotary sand car; meanwhile, in the blind area, along with the controllable rotation of the rotating sand-homogenizing spring (21), a part of sand flows into and fills the simplified plate funnel (73) from the sand-homogenizing cylinder (20) through the circular tube (71), and then automatically flows to a sand-paving plane in the blind area along the lower sand thin seam (74) on the part of the circular truncated cone-shaped core plug (78), because the lower port edge of the simplified plate funnel (73) is flush with the sand-paving plane, the automatically flowing sand can also be flush with the sand-paving plane, and the sand-paving thicknesses inside and outside the blind area are the same; the complete machine control system generates dot matrix data according to the absolute angle data and the section graph of the layer, controls and commands a dot matrix electric heating head (59) in the heating and printing mechanism (3) to controllably heat the section graph of the sand layer on a sand laying plane outside a blind area, and melts and adheres resin on the surface layer of the precoated sand to form a corresponding section graph layer; meanwhile, in the blind area, a micro heating and printing mechanism (77) heats and prints the sand laying plane in the blind area; when the circular rotary sand car (7) rotates, the circular rotary sand car liftable working platform (11) gradually descends, when the circular rotary sand car (7) rotates for a whole revolution, the sand paving and heating printing of the layer is finished, and the circular rotary sand car liftable working platform (11) also descends a stroke with a preset cross-section layer thickness to perform sand paving and heating printing of the next layer; the steps are repeated until all section patterns are finished, sanding and heating printing are finished, the sand mold is manufactured, the lifting mechanism (13) of the circular rotary sand car descends, the sand wheel contacts with the track (8), then the circular rotary sand car (7) moves out of a sanding printing station and runs to the next station, and after the strength of the sand mold reaches the standard, the post-treatment processes such as sand blowing and mold stripping are carried out; in order to replace the worn-out old Teflon film (69), after working for a period of time, the tape releasing roller (60) of the heating printing mechanism (3) releases a new Teflon film (69) to cover the dot matrix electric heating head (59) and is tightened by the tape collecting roller (62).

The second embodiment is described in detail.

In fig. 4 and 6, the 3D sand mold printer of the present invention is used with the rectangular reciprocating sand wagon (15) as shown in fig. 5 to perform 3D sand mold printing.

The utility model discloses with supporting 3D sand mo (u) ld printer of rectangle reciprocating motion sand car (15), compare with the supporting 3D sand mo (u) ld printer of circular rotatory sand car (7), both are unanimous in the aspect of most main technical characteristics, nevertheless also have some differences, mainly explain in detail with the difference below, the same part of technical characteristics is just not repeated.

In fig. 4, the frame (5) of the 3D sand mold printer matched with the rectangular reciprocating sand vehicle (15) is of a gantry type; in the 3D sand mold printer matched with the circular rotary sand vehicle (7) in the figure 2, a frame (5) of the 3D sand mold printer adopts a single column type with a base (9), and the base (9) is positioned right below a sand laying printing station.

In the aspects of sanding mechanism (1), glue spraying printing mechanism (2), heating printing mechanism (3) and high-frequency heater (4), the difference between the two is as follows:

in fig. 1 and 3, a 3D sand mold printer matched with a circular rotary sand car (7) is provided with a sand paving mechanism (1), a glue spraying printing mechanism (2), a heating printing mechanism (3) and a high-frequency heater (4) which are all arranged on a single upright post of a frame (5), and the mechanisms respectively occupy a radius of a liftable working platform (11) of the circular rotary sand car; in fig. 4 and 6, the sanding mechanism (1), the glue-spraying printing mechanism (2), the heating printing mechanism (3) and the high-frequency heater (4) of the 3D sand mold printer matched with the rectangular reciprocating sand truck (15) are all arranged on the gantry of the frame (5), and the sanding mechanism, the glue-spraying printing mechanism, the heating printing mechanism (3) and the high-frequency heater are all perpendicular to the sanding direction or the reciprocating direction of the rectangular reciprocating sand truck (15).

In fig. 8, the 3D sand mold printer matched with the circular rotary sand car (7) has sand storage holes (37) on the sand evening roller (25) in the sand paving mechanism (1), from one end close to the frame (5) to one end close to the blind area, the arrangement of the sand storage holes (37) is gradually sparse or the aperture is gradually small, if a sand storage groove is adopted, the sand storage groove is gradually thinned; and the 3D sand mould printer matched with the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car (15) has the same and unchanged sand storage holes (37) on the sand homogenizing roller (25) in the sand paving mechanism (1) no matter the sand storage holes are arranged sparsely or the sizes of the holes, and the same is true if a sand storage groove is adopted.

The circular rotary sand vehicle (7) is always paved and printed when rotating at a constant speed, so that the problem of idle running does not exist, and only one set of sand paving mechanism (1) needs to be arranged; under the condition that only one set of sand paving mechanism (1) is arranged, the rectangular reciprocating motion sand vehicle (15) only carries out sand paving and printing when moving forwards and runs empty when returning; in order to improve the working efficiency, in fig. 18, two sets of sand spreading mechanisms (1) can be arranged on a rack (5) at the same time and are respectively positioned at two sides of a glue spraying printing mechanism (2) and a heating printing mechanism (3), namely the front and the rear of the printing direction, and sand homogenizing rollers (25) of the two sets of sand spreading mechanisms (1) are driven by respective special one-way overrunning clutches (81) after being driven by a speed reducer and a synchronous belt (82) by using the same servo motor (80); when the rectangular reciprocating motion sand vehicle (15) runs forwards, the servo motor (80) runs forwards, the special overrunning clutch (81) of the front sand paving mechanism (1) is in a meshed state to drive the sand evening roller (25) and the sweeping roller (24) to work for sand paving, at the moment, the special overrunning clutch (81) of the rear sand paving mechanism (1) is in a separated state, and the sand evening roller (25) and the sweeping roller (24) do not work; when the rectangular reciprocating motion sand wagon (15) returns backwards, the servo motor (80) runs reversely, the special overrunning clutch of the rear sand paving mechanism (1) is in an engaged state to drive the sand evening roller and the sweeping roller to work for sand paving, at the moment, the special overrunning clutch (81) of the front sand paving mechanism is in a separated state, and the sand evening roller (25) and the sweeping roller (24) do not work; when the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car (15) operates in a reciprocating mode, the front sand paving mechanism and the rear sand paving mechanism (1) pave sand alternately, glue spraying printing or heating printing is carried out all the time, and the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car (15) does not walk when returning to the space; although two sets of sand paving mechanisms (1) are arranged, idle running can be avoided, and the working efficiency can be improved, great difficulty is increased for software programs, synchronization and matching of the two sets of sand paving mechanisms (1) are ensured, and the manufacturing cost is also increased, so that one set of sand paving mechanism (1) is still adopted in engineering practice.

The utility model discloses with supporting 3D sand mould printer of rectangle reciprocating motion sand car (15), not spread the sand and print the blind area, needn't set up the miniature sand spreading printing mechanism (6) of blind area.

The technical characteristics of the rectangular reciprocating sand wagon (15) are different from those of the circular rotary sand wagon (7):

in the figures 4, 5 and 6, a rectangular reciprocating sand wagon (15) is arranged on a track (8), a rectangular reciprocating sand wagon driving mechanism (18), a rectangular reciprocating sand wagon lifting working platform lifting mechanism (17), an electric brush, a wireless transceiver module and an absolute position sensor are arranged on the rectangular reciprocating sand wagon (15), a rectangular reciprocating sand wagon chassis is arranged to be a horizontal rectangular reciprocating sand wagon lifting working platform (16) which can be vertically translated and lifted in the rectangular reciprocating sand wagon (15), the side edge of the track (8) is provided with a safe sliding contact line, a power supply of the rectangular reciprocating sand wagon (15) is connected with the safe sliding contact line through an electric brush, an absolute position sensor reads absolute position information of the rectangular reciprocating sand wagon (15) in real time and transmits the absolute position information to a complete machine control system, and a command signal is communicated with the complete machine control system through a wireless transceiving module;

in fig. 4 and 5, a double-shaft output gear motor (100) is arranged at the bottom of one end of a rectangular reciprocating sand vehicle (15), a double-row chain wheel is respectively arranged on output shafts at two ends of the rectangular reciprocating sand vehicle, a lifting shaft is respectively arranged at the highest position of two ends of the rectangular reciprocating sand vehicle (15) along the width direction of the rectangular reciprocating sand vehicle (15), wherein one end of the rectangular reciprocating sand vehicle, which is at the same position with the double-shaft output gear motor (100), is a near-end lifting shaft (101), the other end of the rectangular reciprocating sand vehicle is a far-end lifting shaft (102), the near-end lifting shaft (101) consists of two double-row lifting chain wheels (103) at two ends, two double-row transmission chain wheels (104) at the middle position, a chain wheel shaft and a belt seat bearing, the far-end lifting shaft (102) consists of two double-row lifting chain wheels (103) at two ends, a chain wheel shaft and a belt seat bearing, and the two double-row transmission chain wheels (104) on the near- The two sets of double-row lifting chain wheels (103) of the near-end lifting shaft (101) are respectively connected with the two sets of double-row lifting chain wheels (103) at the corresponding positions of the far-end lifting shaft (102) through chains, the liftable working platform (16) of the rectangular reciprocating sand wagon is respectively connected with the double-row lifting chain wheels (103) of the near-end lifting shaft (101) and the far-end lifting shaft (102) through chains, the double-shaft output speed reducing motor (100) drives the chains to lift the liftable working platform (16) of the rectangular reciprocating sand wagon in positive rotation, and the liftable working platform falls in negative rotation; the double-shaft output speed reducing motor (100), the near-end lifting shaft (101) and the far-end lifting shaft (102) jointly form a lifting mechanism (17) of the lifting working platform of the rectangular reciprocating sand vehicle.

And arranging an upper computer, installing a software program in the upper computer, and enabling the software program to generate a series of 2D section graphic data from the 3D graphics of the sand mold, wherein the software program suitable for the rectangular reciprocating sand car (15) determines the printing data of each layer of section graphic according to each layer of section graphic data and the absolute position information of the rectangular reciprocating sand car (15).

The sand mould cross section printing method comprises the steps that a complete machine control system is arranged, the complete machine control system receives a series of 2D cross section graphic data generated by a software program in an upper computer according to a sand mould 3D graphic and stores the data in a memory, and the sand mould cross section graphic data, the sand paving mechanism (1), the glue spraying printing mechanism (2), the heating printing mechanism (3), the high-frequency heater (4), the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car driving mechanism (18) and the lifting working platform lifting mechanism (17) of the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car are controlled and commanded to work cooperatively, so that sand paving, glue spraying printing or heating printing is carried out on sand mould cross section graphic layers with preset thicknesses layer by layer until all cross section graphic layers are finished and sand mould manufacturing is finished.

The utility model discloses an advantage of circular rotatory sand car (7) lies in that its during operation keeps rotating at the uniform velocity always, and rectangle reciprocating motion sand car (15) then need carry out reciprocating motion ceaselessly, therefore the former is more reliable and more stable, efficiency is higher, simultaneously, circular rotatory sand car (7) do not have the problem of returning the space-time walking, and when only setting up one set of sanding mechanism (1), there is the problem of returning the empty walking of journey in rectangle reciprocating motion sand car (15).

The utility model discloses a rectangle reciprocating motion sand car (15)'s advantage lies in that it can extend the size more easily, is suitable for the sand mould of production overlength size.

The utility model discloses with the supporting 3D sand mo (u) ld printer of rectangle reciprocating motion sand car (15), can carry out two kinds of sand mould manufacturing process respectively.

One is that heating printing mechanism (3) is out of work, and shop's sand mechanism (1) and spout gluey printing mechanism (2) work, use ordinary foundry sand, curing agent and resin to carry out cementation solidification moulding technology, the course of operation is as follows: common casting sand is mixed with a curing agent uniformly in advance, and then is conveyed into a sand homogenizing cylinder (20) through a feeding machine through a feeding hole (19); the glue solution is usually resin; sending a sand wagon transferring signal after a complete machine control system is ready, enabling a rectangular reciprocating motion sand wagon (15) to rapidly run on a track (8) to a sand laying printing station and then stop, enabling a lifting mechanism (17) of a lifting working platform of the rectangular reciprocating motion sand wagon to lift a lifting working platform (16) of the rectangular reciprocating motion sand wagon to a preset height, rotating a sand evening spring (21) to rotate to pre-fill sand into a sand evening barrel (20), and enabling a rubber pump (48) to run to increase the resin pressure in a common rail pipe (52) to a preset pressure; the rectangular reciprocating motion sand wagon (15) moves forwards at a constant speed on the track (8), the absolute position data of the rectangular reciprocating motion sand wagon (15) is transmitted to the complete machine control system by the absolute position sensor of the rectangular reciprocating motion sand wagon (15), the complete machine control system controls and commands the rotary sand evening spring (21) to rotate controllably, sand flows to the sand storage holes (37) of the sand evening roller (25) from the sand discharge groove (23), the sand evening roller (25) drives the sweeping roller (24) to rotate controllably, the sand falls onto the sand evening plate (30) after being uniformly distributed by the sand storage holes (37), then is further distributed by the sand guide groove (39) on the sand evening plate (30) and is more uniform in the swimming motion of the sand evening plate (30), and finally falls onto the liftable working platform (16) of the rectangular reciprocating motion sand wagon to perform uniform sand-paving with a preset thickness, and simultaneously, the complete machine control system generates dot matrix data according to the absolute position data and the section pattern of the layer, controlling and commanding the electromagnetic valve array (53) to work, spraying and printing the cross section pattern of the sand layer on a sand laying plane by resin through the nozzle array (40), and mixing and cementing the resin, the sand and the curing agent to form a corresponding cross section pattern layer; the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car (15) stops when running to the tail end of the sand laying printing station, the sand laying and glue spraying printing of the layer is finished and the work is suspended, the lifting working platform (16) of the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car descends a stroke with a preset cross section layer thickness, and then the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car (15) quickly returns to the initial position to perform sand laying and glue spraying printing of the next layer; the steps are repeated until all section patterns are finished, sand paving and glue spraying printing are finished, the sand mold is manufactured, then the rectangular reciprocating motion sand trolley (15) is moved out of a sand paving printing station and is operated to the next station, and after the sand mold is solidified and the strength reaches the standard, post-treatment processes such as sand blowing and mold stripping are carried out; if the 3D sand mould printer is provided with the high-frequency heater (4), the high-frequency heater (4) can be started at the beginning of sand laying and glue spraying printing, and the sand mould curing progress is actively accelerated in the sand mould manufacturing process.

The other type is that the glue spraying and printing mechanism (2) does not work, the sand paving mechanism (1) and the heating and printing mechanism (3) work, the precoated sand is used for heating, melting and molding, and the working process is as follows: the precoated sand is conveyed into a sand homogenizing cylinder (20) by a feeding machine through a feeding hole (19); sending a sand truck transferring signal after a complete machine control system is ready, stopping the rectangular reciprocating motion sand truck (15) after rapidly running to a sand laying printing station on a track (8), lifting a lifting working platform (16) of the rectangular reciprocating motion sand truck to a preset height by a lifting mechanism (17) of a lifting working platform of the rectangular reciprocating motion sand truck, and pre-filling sand into a sand homogenizing cylinder (20) by rotating a sand homogenizing spring (21); the rectangular reciprocating motion sand wagon (15) moves forwards at a constant speed on the track (8), the absolute position data of the rectangular reciprocating motion sand wagon (15) is transmitted to the complete machine control system by the absolute position sensor of the rectangular reciprocating motion sand wagon (15), the complete machine control system controls and commands the rotary sand evening spring (21) to rotate controllably, sand flows to the sand storage holes (37) of the sand evening roller (25) from the sand discharge groove (23), the sand evening roller (25) drives the sweeping roller (24) to rotate controllably, the sand falls onto the sand evening plate (30) after being uniformly distributed by the sand storage holes (37), then is further distributed by the sand guide groove (39) on the sand evening plate (30) and is more uniform in the swimming motion of the sand evening plate (30), and finally falls onto the liftable working platform (16) of the rectangular reciprocating motion sand wagon to perform uniform sand-paving with a preset thickness, and simultaneously, the complete machine control system generates dot matrix data according to the absolute position data and the section pattern of the layer, controlling and commanding a dot matrix electric heating head (59) in the heating and printing mechanism (3) to controllably heat the cross section pattern of the sand layer on a sand paving plane, and melting and adhering resin on the surface layer of the precoated sand to form a corresponding cross section pattern layer; the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car (15) stops when running to the tail end of the sand paving and printing station, the sand paving and heating printing of the layer is finished and the work is suspended, the lifting working platform (16) of the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car descends a stroke with a preset cross section layer thickness, and then the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car (15) quickly returns to the initial position to perform sand paving and heating printing of the next layer; the steps are repeated until all section patterns are finished, sanding and heating printing are finished, the sand mold is manufactured, then the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car (15) is moved out of a sanding printing station and operated to the next station, and after the strength of the sand mold reaches the standard, the post-treatment processes such as sand blowing and mold stripping are carried out; in order to replace the worn-out old Teflon film (69), after working for a period of time, the tape releasing roller (60) of the heating printing mechanism (3) releases a new Teflon film (69) to cover the dot matrix electric heating head (59) and is tightened by the tape collecting roller (62).

The utility model discloses a 3D sand mould printer simple structure, the design uses practicality and enough as the standard, does not have too expensive and too meticulous complicated part, can reduce the cost by a wide margin, makes it become the equipment that medium and small enterprises afford to buy, afford to use, is favorable to 3D sand mould printing technique to popularize rapidly in the casting trade.

Compare current 3D sand mo (u) printer, the utility model discloses with circular rotatory sand car (7) and the supporting 3D sand mo (u) printer of rectangle reciprocating motion sand car (15) still all there is the improvement part in following four aspects:

when the sand paving mechanism (1), the nozzle array (40) and the heating printing mechanism (3) work, all the sand paving mechanism, the nozzle array and the heating printing mechanism are always positioned right above a sand paving printing station and are respectively used as a whole to be always kept still, only the circular rotary sand trolley (7) and the rectangular reciprocating motion sand trolley (15) move, and the reciprocating motion is not required to be always carried out frequently like a sand paving and glue spraying printing system of the existing 3D sand mould printer, so that a drag chain is not required to be arranged, and the problems that a rubber tube and a flat cable in the drag chain are easy to break and the printing graph loses frames are avoided; sanding and printing are simultaneously carried out, the problem of idle walking does not exist in the circular rotary sand car (7), and when two sets of sanding mechanisms (1) are arranged, the problem of idle walking does not exist in the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car (15), so that the working efficiency is improved for the defect that the conventional 3D sand mold printer cannot simultaneously perform sanding and printing and can only perform idle walking when sanding returns; the nozzle array (40) or the heating printing mechanism (3) can finish glue spraying printing or heating printing at one time after sand spreading by the sand spreading mechanism (1), and the glue spraying printing of the layer can be finished without the need of sequentially performing glue spraying printing of a plurality of blocks like the conventional 3D sand mold printer, so that the working efficiency is improved; dispose simultaneously and spread sand mechanism (1), spout gluey printing mechanism (2) and heat printing mechanism (3), an equipment just can satisfy these two kinds at present by the wide application and respectively have the sand mould manufacturing process of advantage simultaneously, has expanded greatly the utility model discloses a raw materials optional range of 3D sand mould printer.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a 3D sand mold printer, includes feeder, feed inlet, frame, gluey case, filter screen, characterized by: a horizontal sand homogenizing cylinder which is communicated with the feeding machine through a feeding hole and is internally provided with a rotary sand homogenizing spring is arranged on the frame, a horizontal sand homogenizing roller with a plurality of sand storage holes or through-long sand storage grooves is arranged on the outer surface of the horizontal sand homogenizing roller which is arranged below the sand homogenizing cylinder on the frame, a rectangular tubular lower sand groove is arranged at the bottom of the sand homogenizing cylinder and corresponding to the top end of the sand homogenizing roller, the lower edges of the front side surface and the rear side surface of the lower sand groove are adjacent to the top end of the sand homogenizing roller, an inclined sand homogenizing plate is arranged below the sand homogenizing roller, the lower edge of the sand homogenizing plate is vertical to the sand paving direction, power devices are respectively arranged on the sand homogenizing cylinder and the sand homogenizing roller to drive the rotary sand homogenizing spring and the sand homogenizing roller to rotate, the sand homogenizing cylinder and the power device thereof, the sand homogenizing roller and the power device thereof and the sand homogenizing plate jointly form a sand paving mechanism, and the sand paving mechanism is positioned right above a sand paving printing station and keeps the whole body still during working; the method comprises the following steps that a glue pump is arranged, the inlet of the glue pump is connected with a glue box through a glue tube and a filter screen, the outlet of the glue pump is connected with a one-way valve, the outlet of the one-way valve is respectively connected with a common rail tube and an energy storage shock absorber through the glue tube, a set of electromagnetic valve array is arranged, the inlet of each electromagnetic valve unit is respectively connected with each branch tube of the common rail tube in a one-to-one correspondence mode through a branch rubber tube, a set of horizontal nozzle array is arranged on a rack, the outlet of each electromagnetic valve unit is respectively connected with each nozzle of the nozzle array in a one-to-one correspondence mode through a branch rubber tube, a pressure gauge is arranged for monitoring pressure in a pipeline, the glue box, the filter screen, the glue tube, the glue pump, the one-way valve, the common rail tube, the energy storage shock absorber, the electromagnetic; the frame is provided with a set of horizontal heating and printing mechanism, the heating and printing mechanism consists of a set of dot matrix electric heating heads, a tape releasing roller with a braking device and a tape collecting roller with a tension providing device, a Teflon film is released by the tape releasing roller, is braked, then covers the dot matrix electric heating heads, is collected and tensioned by the tape collecting roller, the dot matrix electric heating heads are separated from a sand surface by the film, the heating and printing mechanism is contacted with the sand surface by proper pressure and controllably heats the sand layer, and the heating and printing mechanism is positioned right above a sand paving and printing station and integrally keeps still when in work; a horizontal rail is arranged below the rack and passes right below the sanding printing station; a circular rotary sand wagon is arranged on a track, a driving wheel, a sand wagon driving mechanism, a control system of the sand wagon driving mechanism and a wireless transceiver module which are mutually insulated are arranged on the sand wagon, a chassis of the sand wagon is arranged to be horizontal, a liftable working platform which can be moved up and down in the sand wagon and can synchronously rotate with the sand wagon is arranged on the sand wagon, when the circular rotary sand wagon is configured, a sand paving mechanism, a glue spraying printing mechanism and a heating printing mechanism respectively occupy a radius of the liftable working platform, a liftable working platform lifting mechanism, a sand wagon lifting mechanism and a sand wagon rotating mechanism are arranged below the track at a sand paving printing station, an absolute angle sensor is arranged on the sand wagon rotating mechanism, a power supply of the sand wagon driving mechanism is connected through the track with low-voltage safe direct current in a contact manner by the driving wheel, the absolute angle sensor reads the absolute angle information of the sand wagon in real, the command signal is communicated with the whole machine control system through the wireless transceiving module; or a rectangular reciprocating motion sand wagon is arranged on the track, a sand wagon driving mechanism, a lifting working platform lifting mechanism, an electric brush, a wireless transceiver module and an absolute position sensor are arranged on the sand wagon, a sand wagon chassis is arranged to be a horizontal lifting working platform which can move up and down in the sand wagon, when the rectangular reciprocating motion sand wagon is configured, the sand paving mechanism, the glue spraying printing mechanism and the heating printing mechanism are all perpendicular to the sand paving direction, a safe sliding contact line is arranged on the side edge of the track, a sand wagon power supply is connected with the safe sliding contact line through the electric brush, the absolute position sensor reads the absolute position information of the sand wagon in real time and transmits the information to a complete machine control system, and a command signal is communicated with the complete machine control system through the wireless transceiver module; setting an upper computer, and installing software programs in the upper computer, wherein the software programs comprise a software program suitable for a circular rotary sand car and a software program suitable for a rectangular reciprocating sand car; and a complete machine control system is arranged, receives a series of 2D section graphic data generated by a software program in an upper computer according to a 3D graphic of the sand mold through communication or a memory card and the like, stores the data in a memory, controls and commands the sand paving mechanism, the glue spraying and printing mechanism, the heating and printing mechanism, the circular rotary sand car or the rectangular reciprocating motion sand car to work cooperatively, and paves sand, sprays glue and prints or heats and prints the sand mold section graphic layer with preset thickness layer by layer until all the section graphic layers are finished and the sand mold is manufactured.

2. The 3D sand mold printer of claim 1, wherein: a neutral position is reserved between the lower edge of the front side surface of the lower sand tank and the top end of the sand evening roller, two supports are respectively arranged at two ends of the lower sand tank, a sweeping roller positioned at the neutral position is installed through the supports, the upper part of the sweeping roller is adjacent to the lower edge of the front side surface of the lower sand tank, the lower part of the sweeping roller is tangent to the sand evening roller, and the sweeping roller is driven to rotate through meshing of a gear ring of the sand evening roller and a gear of the sweeping roller when the sand evening roller rotates; arranging a plurality of sand guide grooves vertical to the lower edge of the sand homogenizing plate from the upper edge of the sand homogenizing plate, wherein the depth of each sand guide groove is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the width of each sand guide groove is gradually increased from top to bottom, and the sand guide grooves completely disappear to be changed into planes when the sand guide grooves are close to the lower edge of the sand homogenizing plate, and the planes are up to the lower edge of the sand homogenizing plate; the back of the sand homogenizing plate is provided with an eccentric shaft driven by a speed-adjustable motor, the lower end of the sand homogenizing plate is fixed on the eccentric shaft through a bearing, the upper end of the sand homogenizing plate is fixed on the rack through a rocker and a self-aligning bearing, and the eccentric shaft drives the sand homogenizing plate to swim when rotating.

3. The 3D sand mold printer of claim 1, wherein: two sets of sand spreading mechanisms are arranged on the rack at the same time and are respectively positioned at the two sides of the glue spraying printing mechanism and the heating printing mechanism, namely the front and the rear of the printing direction, and the sand homogenizing rollers of the two sets of sand spreading mechanisms are driven by respective special one-way overrunning clutches after being driven by a speed reducer and a synchronous belt by using the same servo motor.

4. The 3D sand mold printer of claim 1, wherein: the nozzle array is formed by splicing two rectangular metal plates with equal size, a row of fine and dense semicircular grooves which are in one-to-one correspondence are respectively arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two metal plates, the lower ends of the grooves are both provided with openings at the bottom of the metal plates, the corresponding grooves are combined into a complete circular thin tube to be used as a nozzle when the two metal plates are spliced, holes with the number equal to half of the total number of the nozzles, two ends respectively opened on the opposite surfaces and the back surfaces of the metal plates and the pipe diameter larger than the nozzles are respectively arranged at the positions above the nozzles of the two metal plates and used as glue guiding holes, the upper ends of the nozzles are respectively communicated with the glue guiding holes on different metal plates in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the two glue guiding holes communicated with any two adjacent nozzles are respectively positioned on different metal plates, the open ends of the glue guiding holes positioned on the back surfaces of the metal plates are arranged into a plurality of rows at intervals convenient for operation and are respectively connected with the output end of each solenoid valve unit in the solenoid valve array in a one-to-one correspondence; a plurality of sets of rubber branch tube bunchers are arranged on the rack, and a large number of rubber branch tubes are arranged in order; several sets of identical nozzle arrays are arranged side by side at the same time.

5. The 3D sand mold printer of claim 1, wherein: the high-frequency heating device comprises a rectangular insulating plate, wherein a plurality of high-frequency units formed by coils and capacitors in series are arranged on the insulating plate, the high-frequency units are connected in parallel and are arrayed according to a rule and then connected to a high-frequency power supply, a metal shielding protective cover with sieve pores is arranged above the insulating plate to protect high-frequency radiation, and the high-frequency heating device is arranged right above a sanding printing station and integrally keeps still during working.

6. The 3D sand mold printer of claim 1, wherein: covering a ceramic coating on an aluminum or copper substrate, arranging a plurality of small heating units on the ceramic coating, arranging the heating units into a heating array, coating a wear-resistant protective layer on the surface of the heating array, leading out the wear-resistant protective layer through a flat cable, connecting the flat cable to a complete machine control system, and forming a dot matrix electric heating head by the substrate and the heating array arranged on the substrate; and a preheating device is arranged in front of the lattice electric heating head, the preheating device is used for heating the precoated sand surface layer resin to a temperature slightly lower than the melting temperature of the precoated sand surface layer resin in advance, and then the lattice electric heating head is used for continuously heating the sand layer to the melting temperature of the precoated sand surface layer resin.

7. The 3D sand mold printer of claim 1, wherein: arranging a round pipe, wherein the upper end of the round pipe is communicated with a sand homogenizing cylinder through a reducing bent pipe and is fixed on the sand homogenizing cylinder, the round pipe is vertical to a liftable working platform, the circle center of the round pipe is coincided with the circle centers of a platform and a blind area, the lower end of the round pipe is communicated with a conical inverted funnel, the lower end opening edge of the funnel is leveled with a sand paving plane, a round table core plug with the bottom surface also leveled with the sand paving plane is arranged in the funnel, a through lower sand fine seam which is equal to the radius of the round table core plug is arranged on the round table core plug along the radius of the round table core plug, a flat bottom groove which is equal to the radius of the round table core plug is arranged on the bottom surface of the round table core plug along the radius of the round table core plug, a micro nozzle array which is composed of a plurality of nozzles and is equal to the flat bottom groove is arranged on the flat bottom groove, the nozzles are all higher than the sand paving, the micro nozzle array and the nozzle array of the glue spraying printing mechanism are on the same line, and the dot matrix electric heating head of the micro heating printing mechanism and the dot matrix electric heating head of the heating printing mechanism are on the same line.

8. The 3D sand mold printer of claim 1, wherein: the base part of the frame is provided with four hydraulic cylinders, a crossed roller bearing with an external gear ring is arranged, a static part of the crossed roller bearing is fixed on cylinder rods of the four hydraulic cylinders, the upper part of a moving ring of the crossed roller bearing is provided with a sand car platform, a circular rotary sand car is parked on the sand car platform, the base part of the frame is provided with a motor and a speed reducer, the motor and the speed reducer are meshed with the external gear ring of the crossed roller bearing through a gear to drive the sand car platform to rotate at a constant speed so as to drive the circular rotary sand car to rotate at a constant speed, the crossed roller bearing with the external gear ring, the sand car platform, the motor, the speed reducer and the gear form a circular rotary sand car rotating mechanism together, and the circular rotary sand car rotating mechanism; the four hydraulic cylinders are connected in parallel through the flow collecting and distributing valve to achieve the effect of synchronous lifting, the hydraulic cylinders work to drive the sand car platform to lift and further drive the circular rotary sand car to lift, the sand car platform, the hydraulic cylinders and the flow collecting and distributing valve jointly form a circular rotary sand car lifting mechanism, and the circular rotary sand car lifting mechanism is located below a track at the sand paving and printing station; an equilateral triangle steel plate is fixed on the base part of a frame to be used as a static platform, an outer round hole and an inner round hole are sequentially arranged at the corresponding positions of three corners of the static platform from outside to inside, a central round hole is arranged at the central position, a copper sleeve is respectively arranged at the outer round hole, three guide shafts with equal length are arranged, the guide shafts respectively penetrate through the three copper sleeves and keep parallel, three ball screws with equal length are arranged, the ball screws respectively penetrate through the three inner round holes and keep parallel, a platform lifting motor and a hollow shaft output speed reducer are arranged on the static platform, the platform lifting motor adopts a servo motor and is provided with a ball spline shaft, the ball spline shaft simultaneously penetrates through the central round hole and a hollow output shaft of the hollow shaft output speed reducer, the guide shafts, the ball screws and the ball spline shaft are all parallel and perpendicular to the static platform, an equilateral triangle steel plate with equal size is respectively arranged above and below the static platform to be used, the upper and lower ends of three guide shafts are respectively fixed on the upper movable platform and the lower movable platform to form a triangular prism body with three guide shafts as three edges and two bottom surfaces as the upper movable platform and the lower movable platform, the upper movable platform, the static platform and the lower movable platform are mutually parallel, the upper end surface of the upper movable platform is provided with a crossed roller bearing without an external gear ring, the crossed roller bearing is positioned at the central position of the inner side of the crossed roller bearing with the external gear ring in the circular rotary sand wagon rotating mechanism, the liftable working platform of the circular rotary sand wagon is arranged to be an internal polygon or a slideway and is arranged on the crossed roller bearing, the liftable working platform can be lifted up and down and can synchronously rotate with the circular rotary sand wagon, the upper ends of three ball screws and a ball spline shaft are respectively fixed on the lower end surface of the upper movable platform through bearings, and the lower movable platform is provided with an internal circular hole and an internal circular hole respectively at the position corresponding, A central round hole, three ball screws respectively pass through three inner round holes of the lower movable platform, a ball spline shaft passes through the central round hole of the lower movable platform and extends out, a gear with equal size is respectively arranged at the extending part of the three ball screws, a smaller gear is arranged at the extending part of the ball spline shaft, the three gears with equal size and the smaller gear in the middle are distributed and meshed in a radial shape to form a set of speed reduction gear set, a copper sleeve fixed on the static platform is matched with a guide shaft fixed on the upper movable platform and the lower movable platform, so that the upper movable platform and the lower movable platform can slide up and down relative to the static platform, when the platform lifting motor rotates forwards, a hollow shaft output speed reducer drives the ball spline shaft to rotate, the ball spline shaft drives the ball screws to rotate through the speed reduction gear set, the ball screws drive the upper movable platform and the lower movable platform to, when the platform lifting motor rotates reversely, the ball screw drives the upper moving platform and the lower moving platform to slide and descend so as to drive the circular rotary sand car lifting working platform to descend, the upper moving platform, the static platform, the lower moving platform, the ball spline shaft, the guide shaft, the ball screw, the platform lifting motor, the hollow shaft output speed reducer and the reduction gear set jointly form a circular rotary sand car lifting working platform lifting mechanism, and the circular rotary sand car lifting working platform lifting mechanism is located below a track of a sanding printing station.

9. The 3D sand mold printer of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of one end of a rectangular reciprocating motion sand vehicle is provided with a double-shaft output speed reducing motor, output shafts at two ends of the rectangular reciprocating motion sand vehicle are respectively provided with a double-row chain wheel, the highest positions at two ends of the sand vehicle are respectively provided with a set of lifting shafts along the width direction of the sand vehicle, wherein one end of the double-shaft output speed reducing motor, which is the same as the double-shaft output speed reducing motor, is a near-end lifting shaft, the other end of the double-shaft output speed reducing motor, is a far-end lifting shaft, the near-end lifting shaft consists of two double-row lifting chain wheels at two ends, a middle-position two double-row transmission chain wheel, a chain wheel shaft and a belt seat bearing, the far-end lifting shaft consists of two double-row lifting chain wheels at two ends, a chain wheel shaft and a belt seat bearing, the two double-row transmission chain wheels on the near-end lifting shaft are respectively connected with the double, the lifting working platform of the rectangular reciprocating sand wagon is respectively connected with double rows of lifting chain wheels of the near-end lifting shaft and the far-end lifting shaft through chains, the double-shaft output speed reducing motor drives the chains to lift the lifting working platform of the rectangular reciprocating sand wagon in a positive rotation mode and descends in a negative rotation mode; the double-shaft output speed reduction motor, the near-end lifting shaft and the far-end lifting shaft jointly form a lifting mechanism of the lifting working platform of the rectangular reciprocating motion sand truck.

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