CN212848821U - Double-thickness antenna housing - Google Patents
Double-thickness antenna housing Download PDFInfo
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- CN212848821U CN212848821U CN202021571520.5U CN202021571520U CN212848821U CN 212848821 U CN212848821 U CN 212848821U CN 202021571520 U CN202021571520 U CN 202021571520U CN 212848821 U CN212848821 U CN 212848821U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a double thickness antenna house, including upper skin, sandwich structure and the lower floor's skin that connects in proper order, sandwich structure is regional including the first region that corresponds transmitting antenna and the second that corresponds receiving antenna, the thickness of first region with the regional thickness of second is inequality. Because transmitting antenna is different with receiving antenna's frequency, consequently does not receive the influence of antenna house in order to make the respective electromagnetic property of receiving and dispatching antenna as far as possible, consequently the utility model provides an antenna house sets up different thickness in sandwich structure's two regions, and the frequency of the antenna that sets up in each region is depended on to the thickness in every region to reach the dual demand of good electromagnetic wave permeability and structure protectiveness.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an antenna house design field, more specifically relates to a double thickness antenna house.
Background
The antenna housing is used as a weather protection functional module of the antenna, so that the antenna body can be prevented from being damaged by the external environment, and the antenna housing gradually becomes an indispensable part in an antenna system. Meanwhile, the antenna housing is also a requirement of a carrier platform structure and aerodynamics. However, the electromagnetic performance of the antenna is actually affected to a certain extent when the antenna is covered by the radome, and therefore the radome usually needs to be designed after specific calculation, so as to meet the dual requirements of good electromagnetic wave transmission and structural protection.
Communication systems and radar systems often include two parts, a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, and designs of different frequencies and antenna separation of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are often adopted. Due to the different operating frequencies of the transceiving antennas, the optimal design parameters of the radome are usually different. A radome that meets the transmission frequency transmission performance may not be well-transparent to the reception frequency and vice versa.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses aim at overcoming above-mentioned prior art's at least defect, provide a double thickness antenna house for solve the antenna of different frequencies and appear passing through the not good problem of ripples under the antenna house.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal that:
the utility model provides a double thickness antenna house, includes upper skin, sandwich structure and the lower floor's skin that the order is connected, sandwich structure is regional including the first region that corresponds transmitting antenna and the second that corresponds receiving antenna, the thickness in first region with the thickness in second region is inequality.
The thickness of the existing antenna housing is generally uniform, but the antenna housing with uniform thickness is difficult to adapt to the frequency of different antennas arranged inside, therefore, especially for transmitting antenna and receiving antenna, the utility model provides a double-thickness antenna housing, which comprises an upper skin, a lower skin and a sandwich structure, wherein the sandwich structure is adapted to the transmitting and receiving antenna and is divided into two areas, the first area corresponds to the position of the transmitting antenna, the second area corresponds to the position of the receiving antenna, since the frequencies of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are different, in order to prevent the electromagnetic performance of each transmitting and receiving antenna from being influenced by the radome as much as possible, therefore the utility model provides an antenna house sets up different thickness in sandwich structure's two regions, and the frequency of the antenna that every regional thickness was set up in depending on each region to reach the dual demand of good electromagnetic wave permeability and structure protectiveness.
Further, the sandwich structure further comprises a transition region located between the first region and the second region for transitioning the thickness of the first region to the thickness of the second region. The transition area is arranged between the two areas with different thicknesses of the sandwich structure, so that the thickness difference between the first area and the second area is buffered, and the load capacity of the inner surface or the outer surface of the antenna housing cannot be weakened due to the thickness difference between the two areas.
Further, a height difference exists between the upper skin corresponding to the first region and the upper skin corresponding to the second region, and/or a height difference exists between the lower skin corresponding to the first region and the lower skin corresponding to the second region.
When the thicknesses of different areas of the antenna cover sandwich structure have certain thickness difference, the upper skin and the lower skin of the antenna cover can adopt different adaptation modes, and if the upper skin of the antenna cover adapts sandwich structures with different thicknesses, the height difference exists between the upper skin corresponding to the first area and the upper skin corresponding to the second area, and the method is similarly suitable for the lower skin; more particularly, the upper skin and the lower skin are required to be matched with sandwich structures with different thicknesses, and height differences exist between the upper skin and the lower skin.
Further, the sandwich structure is a honeycomb sandwich structure or a foam sandwich structure.
Further, the thickness of the first region and the thickness of the second region are determined according to the thickness and the dielectric constant of the upper skin, the thickness and the dielectric constant of the lower skin, the frequency and the antenna type of the transmitting antenna, and the frequency and the antenna type of the receiving antenna.
The dielectric constants of the upper and lower layers of the skins depend on the adopted materials, and the materials and the thicknesses of the skins have certain influence on the wave-transmitting capacity of the antenna housing, so that two factors have influence on the thickness of the sandwich structure; secondly, the main influencing factor is the frequency of transmitting antenna and receiving antenna, when the antenna housing with high wave transmission rate receives or sends out electromagnetic wave, the reflected wave generated at each layer structure of the antenna housing should reach the minimum value as far as possible, and the reflected wave not only depends on the frequency of the transmitting and receiving antenna, but also depends on the direction of the incident antenna housing or the electromagnetic wave transmitted from the antenna housing, if the transmitting and receiving antenna is a flat antenna, the direction of the electromagnetic wave is vertical incident antenna housing or vertical transmitted from the antenna housing, if the transmitting and receiving antenna is a phased array antenna, because the wave beam is scanned in a certain angle range, the incident and the transmitted of the electromagnetic wave can be in an angle range, and the antenna housing should keep smaller reflected wave in the angle range.
Furthermore, the thickness ranges of the upper-layer skin and the lower-layer skin are both 0.2-1 mm, the value range of the dielectric constant is 2-5, for common and general antenna covers, materials with the dielectric constant within the range of 2-5 are generally adopted as the skin of the antenna cover, and the thickness of the material is kept within a certain range.
Further, based on the upper and lower skins within the thickness range and within the dielectric constant range, when the frequencies of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are within the range of 18-27 GHz and both belong to a flat panel array antenna, the thickness of the first area and the thickness of the second area are within the range of 1.8-3.8 mm.
When the frequency of the transmitting antenna and the frequency of the receiving antenna are within the range of 27-40 GHz and both belong to a flat panel array antenna, the thickness of the first area and the thickness of the second area are within the range of 1-2.4 mm.
When the frequency of the transmitting antenna and the frequency of the receiving antenna are within the range of 18-27 GHz and both belong to phased array antennas, the thickness of the first area and the thickness of the second area are within the range of 1.3-3.5 mm.
When the frequency of the transmitting antenna and the frequency of the receiving antenna are within the range of 27-40 GHz and both belong to phased array antennas, the thickness of the first area and the thickness of the second area are within the range of 0.8-2.1 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
(1) the antenna housing provided by the utility model is suitable for a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna which are simultaneously arranged under the same antenna housing, different thicknesses are arranged in two areas of a sandwich structure, and the thickness of each area depends on the frequency of the antenna arranged in each area, so as to achieve the dual requirements of good electromagnetic wave permeability and structural protection;
(2) a transition area is arranged between two areas with different thicknesses of the radome sandwich structure, so that the thickness difference between the first area and the second area is buffered, and the load capacity of the inner surface or the outer surface of the radome is not weakened due to the thickness difference between the two areas;
(3) when the thickness of the different regions of the antenna housing sandwich structure has a certain thickness difference, the distance from the upper skin and the lower skin of the antenna housing to the lower skin of the antenna housing is determined according to the frequency difference of the receiving and transmitting antenna, and the upper skin and the lower skin adopt different adaptation modes to adapt to the sandwich structure with different thicknesses according to the distance, so that the antenna housing is better adapted to the respective signal sending and receiving of the receiving and transmitting antenna.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the radome of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the radome of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an alternative structure of the radome of embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the antenna cover after electromagnetic waves enter the antenna cover in embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is a graph of the relative intensity of the reflected wave as a function of the thickness of the sandwich structure in example 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the radome in which D is 2.11mm and D is 3.53mm in example 1.
Fig. 7 is the curves of the parallel component and the perpendicular component of the electromagnetic wave of the transmitting antenna according to the embodiment 1 with different incident angles.
Fig. 8 is a graph showing the variation of the parallel component and the perpendicular component of the electromagnetic wave of the receiving antenna according to the embodiment 1 with different incident angles.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the radome in which D is 1.8mm and D is 3mm in example 1.
Detailed Description
The drawings of the present invention are for illustration purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. For a better understanding of the following embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a dual-thickness radome, which includes an upper skin 1, a sandwich structure 2, and a lower skin 3, which are sequentially connected; as shown in fig. 2, the sandwich structure 2 is a variable thickness structure, which includes a first region 2-1 corresponding to the transmitting antenna and a second region 2-2 corresponding to the receiving antenna, and the thickness D of the first region 2-1 is different from the thickness D of the second region 2-2. The thicknesses D and D in fig. 2 are only examples, and do not represent that the radome of the present embodiment is limited to the design of D > D.
Preferably, the sandwich structure 2 further comprises a transition zone 2-3 for transitioning the thickness difference | D-D | between the first zone 2-1 and the second zone 2-2 such that the thickness difference between the first zone 2-1 and the second zone 2-2 is buffered, and the radome does not have a reduced load capacity of its inner or outer surface due to the thickness difference between the two zones.
The thicknesses of the first region 2-1 and the second region 2-2 both depend on the antenna corresponding to the region, and since the frequencies of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are different, in order to make the respective electromagnetic performance of the transmitting and receiving antenna not affected by the radome as much as possible, the thickness of the radome provided by this embodiment is set to be different in the two regions of the sandwich structure 2, and the thickness of each region depends on the frequency of the antenna set in each region, so as to achieve the dual requirements of good electromagnetic wave permeability and structural protection.
Due to the thickness difference | D-D | between the first region 2-1 and the second region 2-2, the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 2 of the radome may adapt to the thickness difference in different ways. As shown in fig. 3, the radome has three optional structures, when the thicknesses of different regions of the radome sandwich structure have a certain thickness difference, the upper and lower covers of the radome may adopt different adaptation modes, as shown in a in fig. 3, a height difference exists between the lower cover 3 corresponding to the first region 2-1 and the lower cover 3 corresponding to the second region 2-2, and similarly, as shown in b in fig. 3, a height difference exists between the upper cover 1 corresponding to the first region 2-1 and the upper cover 1 corresponding to the second region 2-2; more specifically, as shown in c in fig. 3, the sandwich structure 2 with different thicknesses needs to be matched with the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 3 together, and the upper skin and the lower skin have height differences.
The thickness of the first region 2-1 and the second region 2-2 depends mainly on the thickness and dielectric constant of the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 3, the frequency of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, and the antenna type. The specific calculation and design of the two thicknesses D and D will be exemplified below.
For a common and general antenna housing, the thickness ranges of the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 3 are both 0.2 mm-1 mm, the value range of the dielectric constant is 2-5, in the description of the example, the thickness of the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 3 is 0.3mm, the dielectric constant is 3, and the dielectric constant of the sandwich structure 2 is 1.
When both the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna belong to a flat array antenna, when receiving an electromagnetic wave signal, as shown in fig. 4, an electromagnetic wave I, which is incident from the bottom of the radome of this embodiment, is reflected on each layer structure of the radome, the electric field intensity of the reflected wave reaching the interface of the lowest layer of each layer structure is represented by R1, R2, R3, and R4, respectively, and the amplitude of the incident wave reaching each interface can be considered to be approximately equal and equal to I. The thicknesses and dielectric constants of the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 3 are the same, so that the amplitudes of the 4 reflected waves are approximately the same, and only the phases are different.
From the fresnel law, the following expression can be derived:
in order to optimize the wave-transmitting performance of the radome, the sum of the intensities of the reflected waves R1, R2, R3 and R4 should be minimized, so that, based on the above relational expression, when the frequencies of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna both belong to the K band (18 to 27GHz), the optimal value range of the thickness D of the first region 2-1 and the thickness D of the second region 2-2 is between 1.8mm and 3.8mm, and when the frequencies of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna both belong to the Ka band (27 to 40GHz), the optimal value range of the thickness D of the first region 2-1 and the thickness D of the second region 2-2 is between 1mm and 2.4 mm.
More specifically, based on the determined thicknesses and dielectric constants of the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 3, if the frequency of the transmitting antenna is specifically 28.5GHz and the frequency of the receiving antenna is specifically 18.5GHz, the curve relation diagram of fig. 5 is drawn according to an expression obtained by fresnel law, as shown in fig. 5, according to a curve of the relative intensity of the reflected wave along with the thickness D or D of the sandwich structure 2, the minimum value is multiple, and since the radome cannot take an excessively large thickness, the first two minimum values in the curve diagram are taken, D is 2.11mm, and D is 3.53 mm. As shown in fig. 6, the thickness of the sandwich structure 2 is adapted by the lower skin 3, and a certain height difference exists on the lower skin 3, corresponding to the radome structure with D of 2.11mm and D of 3.53 mm.
When both the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna belong to phased array antennas, the beam is scanned over a range of angles, so that the electromagnetic wave does not strike the radome perpendicularly. Therefore, the radome needs to have a small relative intensity of reflected waves in a wide range of irradiation angles. Because the optical paths of the reflected waves are different from the normal direction at different angles, the phase superposition is different, and meanwhile, the reflection of the incident wave relative to the vertical component and the parallel component of the reflection plane is different.
Based on the above expression, when the frequencies of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna both belong to the K band (18 to 27GHz), the optimal value range of the thickness D of the first region 2-1 and the thickness D of the second region 2-2 is between 1.3mm and 3.5mm, and when the frequencies of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna both belong to the Ka band (27 to 40GHz), the optimal value range of the thickness D of the first region 2-1 and the thickness D of the second region 2-2 is between 0.8mm and 2.1 mm.
More specifically, based on the determined thicknesses and dielectric constants of the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 3, for example, the frequency of the transmitting antenna is specifically 28.5GHz, a change curve of the parallel component and the vertical component of the electromagnetic wave along with different incident angles is drawn as shown in fig. 7, the thickness of the first region is finally selected by comprehensively considering factors such as small angle, large angle incidence, parallel component and vertical component, and when the off-axis scanning angle is in the range of 0 to 50 degrees, the thickness d of the first region can be selected to be 1.8 mm.
If the frequency of the receiving antenna is specifically 18.5GHz, a variation curve of the parallel component and the perpendicular component of the electromagnetic wave along with different incident angles is drawn as shown in fig. 8, the thickness D of the second region can be selected to be 3mm when the off-axis scanning angle is in the range of 0 to 50 degrees, which is the same factor as the thickness of the first region. As shown in fig. 9, a corresponding D is 1.8mm, and D is 3mm, the thickness of the sandwich structure 2 is adapted by the lower skin 3, and a certain height difference exists between the lower skin 3.
The sandwich structure 2 may preferably be a honeycomb sandwich structure or a foam sandwich structure.
It is obvious that the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not limitations to the specific embodiments of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a double thickness antenna house, is including the upper skin, sandwich structure and the lower floor's skin that connect gradually, its characterized in that, sandwich structure is regional including the first region that corresponds transmitting antenna and the second that corresponds receiving antenna, the thickness in first region with the thickness in second region is inequality.
2. The dual-thickness radome of claim 1, wherein the sandwich structure further comprises a transition region between the first region and the second region for transitioning a thickness of the first region to a thickness of the second region.
3. The dual thickness radome of claim 2, wherein,
and a height difference exists between the upper skin corresponding to the first region and the upper skin corresponding to the second region, and/or a height difference exists between the lower skin corresponding to the first region and the lower skin corresponding to the second region.
4. The dual-thickness radome of claim 2, wherein the sandwich structure is a honeycomb sandwich structure or a foam sandwich structure.
5. A dual-thickness radome of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the thickness of the first region and the thickness of the second region are determined according to the thickness and dielectric constant of the upper skin, the thickness and dielectric constant of the lower skin, the frequency and antenna type of the transmitting antenna, and the frequency and antenna type of the receiving antenna.
6. The dual-thickness radome of claim 5, wherein the thicknesses of the upper skin and the lower skin are both in a range of 0.2mm to 1mm, and the value of the dielectric constant is in a range of 2 to 5.
7. The dual-thickness radome of claim 6, wherein when the frequency of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is in a range of 18-27 GHz, and both belong to a flat panel array antenna, the thickness of the first region and the thickness of the second region range between 1.8mm and 3.8 mm.
8. The dual-thickness radome of claim 6, wherein when the frequency of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is in a range of 27-40 GHz and both belong to a flat panel array antenna, the thickness of the first region and the thickness of the second region range between 1mm and 2.4 mm.
9. A dual thickness radome of claim 6, wherein the thickness of the first region and the thickness of the second region range between 1.3mm and 3.5mm when the transmit antenna and the receive antenna have frequencies in the range of 18-27 GHz and both belong to phased array antennas.
10. A dual thickness radome of claim 6, wherein the thickness of the first region and the thickness of the second region range between 0.8mm and 2.1mm when the transmit antenna and the receive antenna have frequencies in the range of 27-40 GHz and both belong to phased array antennas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021571520.5U CN212848821U (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Double-thickness antenna housing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021571520.5U CN212848821U (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Double-thickness antenna housing |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN212848821U true CN212848821U (en) | 2021-03-30 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021571520.5U Active CN212848821U (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Double-thickness antenna housing |
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| CN (1) | CN212848821U (en) |
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- 2020-07-31 CN CN202021571520.5U patent/CN212848821U/en active Active
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