CN212847049U - Miniature circuit breaker with smoke monitoring function - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a miniature circuit breaker with smog monitor function belongs to low-voltage apparatus technical field. Aiming at the problem that the false alarm rate and the false alarm rate are high after the smoke alarm function is added to the traditional circuit breaker, the utility model provides a miniature circuit breaker with the smoke monitoring function, which comprises a main processing unit, a tripper and a loudspeaker, wherein the main processing unit is used for receiving the sampling signal of a sampling unit and outputting a control signal to the tripper and the loudspeaker; the sampling unit is used for collecting current signals and smoke induction signals; the device also comprises at least one smoke sensor connected with the sampling unit, and each smoke sensor at least comprises three smoke sensing elements and is used for generating at least three smoke sensing signals. The scheme realizes double functions of smoke alarm and circuit break by increasing limited cost, simultaneously reduces false alarm rate and missed alarm rate of smoke alarm, has great help for winning escape and self-rescue time after fire disaster, and can effectively protect personal safety.

Description

Miniature circuit breaker with smoke monitoring function

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a low-voltage apparatus circuit breaker technical field, more specifically say, relate to a miniature circuit breaker with smog monitoring function.

Background

As a common device for daily alarm, a smoke detector has been extended from a single smoke alarm to a comprehensive safety electricity monitoring product. The built communities in recent years all require residents to install smoke alarms in homes, but in some old communities, most families do not install smoke alarms, and if the smoke alarms are installed independently, the installation engineering is very troublesome. But the circuit breaker is used by every family, and the miniature circuit breaker is simple to install, and can realize the integration of multiple functions. A general smoke alarm device in the market at present mainly includes a smoke sensing element, a sampling circuit, a power supply unit, a CPU processing unit, and an alarm unit, as shown in fig. 4. The intelligent miniature circuit breaker mainly comprises a current transformer, a sampling circuit, a CPU processing unit, a power supply unit, an alarm unit and a release, as shown in fig. 5. The frames of the hardware needed by the two sampling circuits are basically consistent, but the properties of the signals collected by the two sampling circuits are inconsistent, and the corresponding signal processing schemes are different. In view of the above situation, the circuit breaker can be provided with the smoke alarm function only by fusing the smoke sensing element to the circuit breaker, adding a few sampling elements and analyzing the data of the part through the main processing unit. After the fusion, the cost is increased in a limited way, but much cost is saved compared with the method of utilizing two products to realize the same function, and meanwhile, the reliability of smoke alarm is improved without adopting a battery for power supply.

The utility model discloses the application in china, application number 201020162890.3, open 11 months 10 days in 2010, a fire prevention electric leakage monitoring device that can monitor to the conflagration that electric and other reasons arouse is disclosed, it includes the singlechip, the singlechip is external to have the dropout control circuit, audible-visual alarm circuit, keyboard and display circuit, a memory, the leakage current mutual-inductor passes through AD modulate circuit and is connected with the singlechip, characterized by is gaseous, smog, temperature sensor passes through signal processing circuit and is connected with the singlechip, the utility model discloses a can realize on-line measuring residual current signal and smog, the temperature, gas signal, grasp the situation of change and the abnormal state of the fire hazard parameter of electric circuit or equipment at any time, and can in time discover fire hazard, through audible-visual alarm, tripping control and remote monitoring eliminate hidden danger.

However, the fire-proof electric leakage monitoring device has the problems of false alarm and false alarm, and the use and popularization of the fire-proof electric leakage monitoring device are seriously influenced. If the reason can be found out by alarming each time, the user can not give up the use of the device, for example, false alarm caused by overlarge water vapor, overlarge smoke and smoke, overlarge oil smoke and smoke, and the like, and the device is easy to find and understand by the user. If the reason of the alarm cannot be found after the alarm is given, the user thinks that the alarm is false, the number of false alarms is large, the user can not trust the alarm, the user can abandon the alarm, even if a true fire alarm is generated, the action can be delayed, and the loss is caused. Moreover, the device in the traditional sampling circuit comprises a smoke sensing element, and after the device is used for a period of time, the parameter of the device can drift, and the accuracy of the acquired signal can be affected in serious cases, so that erroneous judgment or missing judgment is caused.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

1. Technical problem to be solved

The problem that the rate is reported by mistake and the rate of failing to report after increasing smog alarming function to the circuit breaker that exists among the prior art is high, the utility model provides a miniature circuit breaker with smog monitoring function, it just has increased smog alarming function after can realizing the simple transformation of circuit breaker, has still improved smog alarming's reliability simultaneously, wins after the conflagration breaing out and flees and save oneself the time and have very big help.

2. Technical scheme

The purpose of the utility model is realized through the following technical scheme.

A miniature circuit breaker with a smoke monitoring function comprises a body and an internal circuit, wherein the internal circuit is arranged in the body and comprises a main processing unit, a tripping device and a loudspeaker, wherein the main processing unit is used for receiving a sampling signal of a sampling unit and outputting a control signal to the tripping device and the loudspeaker; the sampling unit is used for preprocessing the current signal and the smoke induction signal, and the sampling unit further comprises smoke sensors, wherein each smoke sensor comprises at least three smoke induction elements and is used for generating at least three paths of smoke induction signals and outputting the smoke induction signals to the sampling unit.

Further, smoke transducer sets up in the outside of circuit breaker and carries out signal transmission through connecting wire and circuit breaker, can set up smoke transducer in kitchen or the position of the easy conflagration that takes place in the room to link to each other with the inside sampling unit of circuit breaker through the connecting wire, carry out signal transmission, can in time and monitor the environmental change effectively.

Furthermore, the sampling unit comprises smoke alarm signal sampling circuits, and each sampling circuit is connected with a smoke sensing element and used for preprocessing signals.

Further, the smoke sensor (6) is an optical smoke sensor, an ionic smoke sensor or a hybrid smoke sensor, these types of smoke sensors being the most common and inexpensive to retrofit.

Furthermore, the smoke sensor is an optical smoke sensor, at least three pairs of infrared transmitting and receiving tubes are arranged in the smoke sensor, and the setting mode can reduce the false alarm rate and the missing alarm rate of smoke alarm.

Further, the smoke sensor is an ion type smoke sensor, which is also common, and is more sensitive to sensing of tiny smoke particles and can respond to various kinds of smoke in a balanced manner; at least three ion sources are arranged inside the smoke alarm, and the setting mode can also reduce the false alarm rate and the false alarm rate of smoke alarm.

Furthermore, the smoke sensor can also be a hybrid smoke sensor, and an infrared emission receiving tube and an ion source are mixed and used as a smoke sensing element inside the smoke sensor.

Furthermore, the release is an electronic release and is used for executing the circuit breaking operation after receiving the driving signal sent by the main processing unit.

Furthermore, the system also comprises a communication unit which is connected with the main processing unit and is used for realizing the transmission of data.

Furthermore, the smoke sensor also comprises a power supply unit which is used for converting the voltage of the power grid and outputting the converted voltage to each power utilization unit, and at the moment, a separate power supply circuit does not need to be arranged in the smoke sensor.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of:

the utility model provides a miniature circuit breaker with smoke monitoring function through increasing a little sampling element, has realized promptly fusing smog alarming function to the circuit breaker, in limited cost range, has realized smog warning and the dual function that opens circuit, and market benefit will be far above separately installing required cost with smoke alarm and circuit breaker. Meanwhile, at least three sampling circuits are designed in a matched mode, the problems of high false alarm rate and high missing alarm rate in the prior art are effectively solved, the reliability of smoke alarm is improved, the time for escaping and self rescue after a fire disaster happens is greatly helped, and personal and property safety can be effectively protected.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a specific structure of a miniature circuit breaker according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a second schematic structural diagram of the micro circuit breaker according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the interface connection of the miniature circuit breaker provided by the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a conventional smoke alarm device;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a smart miniature circuit breaker;

the reference numbers in the figures illustrate: 1. the device comprises a body, 2, a main processing unit, 3, a sampling unit, 4, a release, 5, a loudspeaker, 6, a smoke sensor, 7, a communication unit, 8, a smoke sensing element, 9, a current transformer, 10, a power supply unit, 11, an electric leakage sampling circuit, 12, a tripping electronic switch, 13, a diode and 14, a smoke alarm signal sampling circuit.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the miniature circuit breaker with a smoke monitoring function comprises a main body 1 and an internal circuit, wherein the internal circuit is installed in the main body 1 and mainly comprises a main processing unit 2, a sampling unit 3, a loudspeaker 5, a smoke sensor 6, a communication unit 7 and a power supply unit 10. The main processing unit 2 is connected to the sampling unit 3, the speaker 5 and the communication unit 7, respectively, and is configured to receive the sampling signal of the sampling unit 3 and output a control signal to the release 4 and the speaker 5. The sampling unit 3 is respectively connected with the smoke sensor 6 and the current transformer 9, and is used for preprocessing the collected leakage current signal and the smoke alarm signal, such as filtering, amplifying, analog-to-digital conversion and the like, and then outputting the preprocessed signals to the main processing unit 2. An 8-bit singlechip can be selected as an internal processing chip of the main processing unit 2, the working main frequency is required to be above 12MHz, and the anti-interference capability is strong, such as MOTO series, ARM7 series and ARM9 series, wherein the MC68HC908AP32 singlechip of the MOTO series is selected. And after receiving the leakage current data or the smoke alarm data transmitted by the sampling unit 3, the single chip microcomputer performs calculation, comparison and judgment, and when the monitoring value reaches a preset threshold value, the single chip microcomputer transmits a tripping driving instruction or an alarm driving instruction. The communication unit 7 is controlled by the main processing unit 2 and is used for remote alarm when the smoke monitoring is abnormal and transmitting the data information and the fault information of the circuit breaker. The communication mode can adopt a wireless communication mode, such as a Bluetooth mode and a wifi mode, and can also adopt a wired communication mode. When adopting the wired communication mode, be equipped with communication interface on the circuit breaker body, serial ports level conversion chip in the communication unit is connected with the corresponding pin of singlechip chip in the main processing unit, MAX232 is chooseed for use to serial ports level conversion chip, communication unit 7 reads smog alarm information and trip information from main processing unit 2, under main control unit 2's command control, with information transmission to server, whether the function that is used for backstage fortune dimension personnel remote monitoring circuit breaker is normal, fortune dimension personnel also can send interim control command from the backstage, the singlechip in transmitting to main processing unit 2 through communication unit 7, it realizes self-detection to be used for remote control electric leakage circuit breaker, whether its function is normal in order to verify. The speaker 5 is also controlled by the main processing unit 2 for local alarm in case of smoke monitoring anomalies.

It should be noted that, in the prior art, there is also a technical scheme in which the smoke alarm and the earth leakage breaker are combined together, but in the actual use process, the problem of false alarm or false alarm may still occur frequently. Under the ideal condition, the false alarm rate of the smoke sensor adopting a single smoke sensing element is 1 percent, the missing report rate is 1 percent, and when only one smoke sensing element is used for monitoring, the false alarm rate and the missing report rate of the smoke alarm are 1 percent; if two smoke sensing elements are used and the alarm condition is set in the main processing unit that the sampling signal transmitted by one smoke sensing element reaches the threshold value, the false alarm rate of the smoke alarm is 1.99 percent and the false alarm rate of the smoke alarm is 0.01 percent at the moment; therefore, the scheme of adopting the two smoke sensing elements can be seen, and either the missing report rate or the false report rate is increased no matter which alarm condition is adopted. To better address this problem, we use a solution of at least three smoke sensing elements, as shown in figure 3. The at least three smoke sensing elements can be arranged inside the circuit breaker body, can also be arranged outside the circuit breaker body, and are preferably arranged outside the circuit breaker body. At the moment, the first interface is arranged on the circuit breaker body 1, the second interface is arranged on each smoke sensor 6, the first interfaces and the second interfaces are connected through a connecting wire, the third interface is arranged on the sampling unit 3 inside the circuit breaker, the third interface and the first interface on the circuit breaker body 1 are connected through a connecting wire, and the third interface can also be directly connected with the second interface on the smoke sensor 6 so as to conveniently install the smoke sensors in a built-in mode. 4 independent sampling circuits are arranged in the sampling unit 3, wherein 1 circuit is a current signal sampling circuit, the other 3 circuits are smoke alarm signal sampling circuits, the input end of each sampling circuit is connected with an external sensor or a mutual inductor through an interface, and the output end of each sampling circuit is connected with a corresponding pin of the main processing unit 2. When a dangerous case occurs, the smoke sensing element 8 in the smoke sensor 6 transmits a plurality of paths of smoke alarm signals to the sampling unit 3 in the circuit breaker, the signals are preprocessed by the sampling unit 3 in the circuit breaker and then transmitted to the main processing unit 2, and the main processing unit 2 determines whether to output alarm control signals or not after processing. Although the false alarm rate and the false alarm rate can be effectively reduced with the increase of the number of the smoke sensing elements 8 and the change of the threshold condition, in consideration of the combination of the control and modification cost and the actual monitoring effect, a connection structure of three smoke sensing elements is adopted, and the alarm condition is set in the main processing unit so that sampling signals transmitted by at least two smoke sensing elements reach the threshold value. If the false alarm rate of a single smoke sensing element is 1% and the false alarm rate is 1%, the false alarm rate of smoke alarm is 0.01%, but the false alarm rate is obviously reduced to 0.0298%, and the effect is obviously better than the technical scheme of only using one or two smoke sensing elements.

The smoke sensor 6 can be a common optical smoke sensor or an ion smoke sensor, when the optical smoke sensor is used, at least three pairs of infrared emission receiving tubes are arranged in an optical labyrinth in the optical smoke sensor to serve as smoke sensing elements 8, when the ion smoke sensor is used, at least three ion sources are arranged in an ionization chamber in the ion smoke sensor to serve as the smoke sensing elements 8, and the structural design can improve the smoke monitoring sensitivity. The smoke sensor may also be a hybrid smoke sensor, in which the infrared emission receiving tube and the ion source are used in a hybrid manner as the smoke sensing element 8, for example, two infrared emission receiving tubes and one ion source may be used as the corresponding smoke sensing elements, or one infrared emission receiving tube and two ion sources may be used as the corresponding smoke sensing elements, which can respond to various types of smoke particles in a balanced manner, and when more than three smoke sensing elements are used, the number of infrared emission receiving tubes and ion sources may be adjusted according to the needs and situations.

During normal work, the miniature circuit breaker collects leakage current signals generated by the current transformer 9, then outputs the leakage current signals to the sampling unit 3, the current sampling circuit inside the sampling unit 3 filters and amplifies the signals and then outputs the signals to the main processing unit 2, and the sampling signals are further processed by the main processing unit 2. When electric leakage occurs, the main processing unit 2 sends a control signal to the release 4 to trigger the release 4 to work, so that the circuit breaker is broken. When a fire disaster occurs in the distribution box or the surrounding environment or other reasons cause fire and smoke, the three smoke sensing elements 8 detect smoke concentration information at the positions, the information is converted into corresponding electric signals to be output to the sampling unit 3, the sampling unit 3 preprocesses the smoke alarm signals and outputs the smoke alarm signals to the main processing unit 2, the main processing unit 2 processes the signals according to preset judgment logic, when the smoke concentrations detected by more than two smoke sensors are higher than a preset threshold value, the main processing unit 2 sends control signals to the loudspeaker 5 to give a local alarm, meanwhile, the main processing unit 2 also sends corresponding smoke information to the communication unit 7 to carry out remote communication, and a user or a fire center is informed of the fire disaster dangerous situation in time.

In summary, in order to realize the dual functions of smoke alarm and circuit break within a limited cost range, the reliability of smoke alarm can be improved, and the false alarm rate and the missing alarm rate of smoke alarm are reduced, the traditional circuit breaker is simply modified, and a connection structure of three smoke sensors is arranged. If the monitoring space is large, the three smoke sensors cannot completely meet the smoke monitoring requirement, or the false alarm rate and the false missing report rate need to be further reduced, the number of the smoke sensors in the technical scheme can be correspondingly increased, and meanwhile, a hardware circuit of the sampling unit and a threshold judgment method of the main control unit are improved, so that a better monitoring effect can be achieved.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 2, under the condition that the smog alarm part adopts the same technical scheme with embodiment 1, the utility model discloses the earth leakage protection part can also set up alone, and diode 13's positive pole is connected to release 4's one end, and the positive pole of earth leakage trip electronic switch 12 is connected to diode 13's negative pole, and earth leakage trip electronic switch 12's negative pole is connected with the electric wire netting, and earth leakage trip electronic switch 12's control pole links to each other with the output of electric leakage sampling circuit 11, selects the one-way silicon controlled rectifier for use here as earth leakage trip electronic switch 12. And the current transformer 9 is used for inducing leakage current on the power grid line, and two ends of the current transformer are respectively connected with the input end of the leakage current sampling circuit 11. When the current transformer 9 senses the leakage current and outputs the leakage current to the leakage sampling circuit 11, the leakage sampling circuit 11 performs filtering and amplification processing, and then controls the leakage tripping electronic switch 12 to be closed, so that the tripper 4 is driven to perform tripping operation. This mode can simplify the circuit configuration of the sampling unit and the setting method of the main processing unit while achieving the same technical effects.

The invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, without limitation, in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The embodiment shown in the drawings is only one embodiment of the invention, the actual structure is not limited thereto, and any reference signs in the claims shall not limit the claims concerned. Therefore, if a person skilled in the art receives the teachings of the present invention, without inventive design, a similar structure and an embodiment to the above technical solution should be covered by the protection scope of the present patent. Furthermore, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. Several of the elements recited in the product claims may also be implemented by one element in software or hardware. The terms first, second, etc. are used to denote names, but not any particular order.

Claims (10)

1. A miniature circuit breaker with a smoke monitoring function comprises a body (1) and an internal circuit, wherein the internal circuit is installed in the body (1) and comprises a main processing unit (2) which is used for receiving a sampling signal of a sampling unit (3) and outputting a control signal to a release (4) and a loudspeaker (5); the sampling unit (3) is used for collecting current signals and smoke induction signals, and is characterized by further comprising a smoke sensor (6), wherein the smoke sensor (6) comprises at least three smoke induction elements (8) and is used for generating at least three paths of smoke alarm signals and outputting the smoke alarm signals to the sampling unit (3).

2. The miniature circuit breaker with smoke monitoring function according to claim 1, wherein said smoke sensor (6) is disposed outside the circuit breaker and is in signal transmission with the circuit breaker through a connecting wire.

3. The miniature circuit breaker with smoke monitoring function according to claim 2, characterized in that said sampling unit (3) comprises a smoke alarm signal sampling circuit (14) connected to the smoke sensing element (8) through an interface.

4. The miniature circuit breaker with smoke monitoring function according to any of claims 1-3 wherein said smoke sensor (6) is an optical smoke sensor, an ionic smoke sensor or a hybrid smoke sensor.

5. The miniature circuit breaker with smoke monitoring function according to claim 4, wherein said optical smoke sensor uses an infrared transmitting and receiving tube as smoke sensing element (8).

6. The miniature circuit breaker with smoke monitoring function according to claim 4 wherein said ionic smoke sensor employs an ion source as smoke sensing element (8).

7. The miniature circuit breaker with smoke monitoring function according to claim 4 wherein said hybrid smoke sensor employs an infrared emission receiving tube and an ion source as smoke sensing element (8).

8. The miniature circuit breaker with smoke monitoring function according to any of claims 1-3, wherein said trip unit (4) is an electronic trip unit, and said trip unit is adapted to trip the circuit breaker upon receiving an electrical driving signal.

9. The miniature circuit breaker with smoke monitoring function according to claim 8, further comprising a communication unit (7) connected to said main processing unit (2).

10. The miniature circuit breaker with smoke monitoring function according to claim 9, further comprising a power supply unit (10) for converting the grid voltage and outputting the converted grid voltage to each power utilization unit.

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