CN212828345U - Limiting device for hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a stop device for hopper car bottom door closing mechanism belongs to freight vehicle technical field, specifically includes the upper portion transmission shaft, and opening or closing of upper portion transmission shaft through rotating the drive bottom door, stop device includes: the limiting swing arm is fixedly connected with the swing block; the limiting mechanism comprises a shifting rod device and a positioning block, and the shifting rod device drives the positioning block to longitudinally move along the guide structure so that the positioning block can move to different positioning gears; the swing block of the upper transmission shaft drives the limiting swing arm to rotate to the positioning blocks of different gears, so that the rotation angle of the upper transmission shaft is limited, and the opening state of the bottom door is controlled. The utility model discloses a mode of control transmission shaft angle realizes unloading the opening angle of tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. bottom door and unloads tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. flow, has the stop function of preventing that the mistake is rotated, the position is shifted down to many grades of stone, coal, etc. flow control and bottom door when being in the position of opening entirely.

Description

Limiting device for hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of freight vehicle, more specifically relates to a stop device for hopper car bottom door closing mechanism.

Background

The existing bottom door opening and closing mechanism of the railway ballast hopper car mainly controls the opening and closing actions of a bottom door according to the action principle of a four-bar mechanism. Fig. 1 shows the structure schematic diagram of the bottom door opening and closing mechanism of the existing ballast hopper car, and fig. 2 shows the a-a direction structure schematic diagram of the bottom door opening and closing mechanism of the existing ballast hopper car. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, when the bottom door 3 is opened and closed, the clutch fork 9 of the clutch 10 is operated to be in a manual position, the piston rod 17 of the air cylinder is controlled to move and drive the swing block 5 on the upper transmission shaft 8 to rotate by rotating the hand wheel 18 of the reducer 11 (or the clutch fork 9 of the clutch 10 is operated to be in a pneumatic position by operating the pneumatic control system, the piston rod 17 of the air cylinder is controlled to rotate by operating the pneumatic control system, the upper transmission shaft 8 is driven to rotate, the lower transmission shaft 2 is driven to rotate by the four-bar mechanism consisting of the upper crank 12, the connecting rod 6 and the lower crank 14 arranged on the lower transmission shaft 2, the lower transmission shaft 2 controls the opening and closing action of the bottom door 3 by the four-bar mechanism consisting of the bottom door crank 15 and the bottom door connecting rod 16, the lower bearing 1 and the upper bearing 7 for supporting are respectively arranged at the end parts of the lower transmission shaft 2 and the upper transmission, the swing block of the middle bottom door is provided with an anti-misoperation transmission device 13. With the continuous development of the society, the requirements on the reliability and the safety of the transmission mechanism are higher and higher, and the transmission mechanism needs an anti-misoperation device to prevent the transmission mechanism from bringing bad effects after being operated by mistake. When the railway ballast hopper car runs, if a control device of the transmission mechanism is pulled by misoperation, the bottom door of the car can be opened through the transmission mechanism, and the ballasts in the car can be unloaded onto the railway along with the opening of the bottom door, so that potential safety hazards such as train derailment and the like are caused. If the transmission mechanism on the vehicle is provided with the anti-misoperation device, the adverse effect caused by misoperation can be effectively prevented. Internal current stone tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. hopper car both sides bottom door drive mechanism does not set up prevents mistake rotating device, and middle bottom door drive mechanism has set up and has prevented mistake rotating device, and fig. 3 shows the utility model discloses a current stone tiny fragments of coal, etc. hopper car's well door prevents mistake rotating device's main view, and fig. 4 shows the utility model discloses a current stone tiny fragments of coal, etc. hopper car's well door prevents mistake rotating device's top view. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a limit plate 22 is arranged at the swing block of the middle bottom door for limiting the rotation range of the swing block 5, the limit plate 22 is hinged with a limit rod 25 through a round pin 24, a piston rod of an air cylinder is connected with the swing block 5, the swing block 5 leans against the limit plate 22 after working by pushing the swing block 5 to rotate an upper transmission shaft 8, and the limit rod 25 is inserted into the swing block 5; when the swing block 5 is far away from the limit plate 22 before working, the swing block is separated from the limit rod 25. Therefore, a working face notch needs to be machined on the swing block 5 on the existing upper transmission shaft 8, the limiting rod 25 is inserted into the swing block 5, the machining amount is large, the strength of the swing block 5 is reduced, the safety of a transmission mechanism is influenced, and potential safety hazards exist; when manufacturing error is big, because the device does not have the adjustment function, the manufacturability is poor, when setting up and relieving spacing, needs operating personnel to bend down or squat down the operation, and the operation is wasted time and energy, and humanized operability is poor, does not use in reality generally.

At present, in the maintenance process of a newly built railway line or an existing railway line, a stone ballast hopper car is generally adopted to unload stone ballasts to the inner side and the outer side of a track, the actual ballast shortage situations of different sections are different in the use process of a railway track bed, the required ballast unloading quantity is different, the ballast unloading flow control is not easy to realize when the existing stone ballast hopper car unloads the stone ballasts pneumatically or manually, the operation is judged only by the experience of operators, the accurate operation of the ballast unloading quantity of the stone ballasts used for paving or maintaining and repairing the stones of the track is not facilitated, the stone ballasts are greatly wasted or carried manually when in shortage, the ballast unloading flow can not be controlled by the existing middle door ballast unloading pneumatic operation, and ballast piling is easily formed in the middle of the track to cause the derailment of the track. Most of the railway administration departments in China stipulate that the ballast hopper cars cannot use middle door ballast unloading operation based on safety consideration, the ballasts can only be unloaded to two sides of a line when being unloaded, the ballasts cannot be unloaded to the middle of the line, and the ballasts unloaded to two sides can only be transported to the middle of a railway in a manual operation or large-scale operation mode, so that the problems of low production efficiency and poor economical efficiency exist.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a stop device for hopper car bottom door closing mechanism solves at least under the operational environment that current hopper car was walked to limit and is unloaded, prevents both sides and middle bottom door excessive door and opens the door and excessively close, the technical problem that the flow of unloading can not be controlled.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a stop device for hopper car bottom door closing mechanism, bottom door closing mechanism includes the upper portion transmission shaft, the upper portion transmission shaft is through rotating opening or closing of drive bottom door, and this stop device still includes:

the limiting swing arm is connected with the swing block through an upper transmission shaft;

the limiting mechanism comprises a shifting rod device and a positioning block, and the shifting rod device drives the positioning block to longitudinally move along the guide structure, so that the positioning block moves to different positioning gears;

the swing block of the upper transmission shaft drives the limiting swing arm to rotate to the positioning blocks with different gears, the swing block drives the limiting swing arm to rotate to the positioning blocks to limit the rotating angle of the upper transmission shaft, and the opening state of the bottom door is controlled by limiting the rotating angle of the upper transmission shaft.

Preferably, the limiting mechanism further comprises a control box, the control box comprises an upper cover plate, a coaming, a guide plate and a lower cover plate, the upper cover plate, the coaming and the lower cover plate are spliced to form the limiting mechanism, the guide plate is fixedly connected with the upper cover plate and the coaming, a rotating shaft support is fixedly connected to the lower cover plate, and the lower cover plate is fixedly connected with the vehicle body.

Preferably, the upper cover plate is provided with a positioning conversion groove and an indication mark, two sides of the coaming are provided with a guide rod hole, a locking shaft hole and a locking cover plate fastening hole, the upper end of the guide plate is provided with a rotating shaft supporting hole, and the rotating shaft support is provided with a supporting hole matched with the rotating shaft supporting hole on the guide plate.

Preferably, the driving lever device comprises a handle, a driving lever, a switching joint, a rotating shaft and a handle rotating round pin, a round pin hole is formed in the lower portion of the handle and connected with the handle rotating round pin, a flat round hole is formed in the rotating shaft and movably connected with the switching joint, the driving lever and the switching joint can be prevented from rotating by the flat round hole, and when the handle rotates longitudinally, the switching joint, the rotating shaft and the driving lever are driven to rotate synchronously, so that the positioning block moves to different positioning gears.

Preferably, the limiting mechanism further comprises a locking mechanism and a guide rod, and the guide rod and the guide plate form the guide structure.

Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a locking shaft, a blocking cover, a handle and a locking plate, and the blocking cover and the handle are both movably connected with the locking shaft; the locking plate is fixedly connected with the locking shaft, the handle is rotated to enable the locking shaft to drive the locking plate to rotate clockwise, the arc end part of the handle is enabled to be close to the handle under the action of self weight, the handle is enabled to be clamped in the positioning conversion groove to prevent the handle from swinging, and at the moment, the locking mechanism is in a closed position; when the locking plate is turned over and leans against the locking positioning block, the handle is convenient to operate, and at the moment, the locking mechanism is in an unlocking position.

Preferably, the number of the guide rods is two and the guide rods are arranged in parallel, and the guide rods are in line contact with the positioning blocks.

Preferably, the side edge of the enclosing plate is provided with a switch mark of the locking mechanism.

Preferably, the positioning blocks comprise a plurality of small positioning blocks, the contact parts of the lower parts of the positioning blocks and the upper parts of the guide plates are of inverted V-shaped groove structures, and the middle parts of the positioning blocks are provided with shifting rod connecting round pin holes; when the locating piece is in the position of closing the door entirely, the cooperation the handle plays limiting displacement when the bottom door is in the position of closing entirely, works as the locating piece is when the position of opening the door entirely, the cooperation the handle plays limiting displacement when the bottom door is in the position of opening entirely.

Preferably, the side surface of the positioning block adopts an arc structure, and the connection mode of the lower part of the positioning block and the upper part of the positioning plate is sliding friction.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model discloses the device drives the locating piece through the driving lever device and follows deflector and guide bar longitudinal movement in the control box, makes the locating piece accurate removal shift position on different location, and the epaxial pendulum piece of upper portion transmission drives on spacing swing arm rotates the locating piece that different fender position put, realizes unloading the opening angle of tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. bottom door and unloads tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. flow through the mode of control transmission shaft angle of rotation, has prevent mistake rotation, many keep off the position and unload tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. flow control and the limit function when bottom door is in full open position.

Further, the utility model discloses a bottom door unloads tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. flow and divides a plurality of fender position, satisfies current in-service use requirement, and manipulates simply laborsavingly, and the bottom door switching that sets up on the box upper cover plate respectively keeps off position indicating mark and is convenient for observe, manipulate and know that current bottom door is in the position condition, the utility model discloses can show the tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. operating efficiency that unloads that improves tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. hopper car satisfies the different requirement that unloads tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. volume, has avoided the trouble that a large amount of wastes of unnecessary tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. need artifical transport when not enough, but also can keep off the selectivity that tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. flow keeps off the position through unloading, guarantees that the.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a bottom door opening and closing mechanism of a conventional ballast hopper car according to the present invention;

fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a direction a-a of a bottom door opening and closing mechanism of a conventional ballast hopper car according to the present invention;

fig. 3 shows a front view of a middle door anti-misoperation device of the conventional ballast hopper car of the present invention;

fig. 4 shows a top view of a middle door anti-misoperation device of the existing ballast hopper car of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the door closing position of the stop device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism of the present invention;

fig. 6 shows a left side view in the state of fig. 5;

fig. 7 shows a top view of the state of fig. 5;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view illustrating the installation of the limiting device for the bottom door opening and closing mechanism of the hopper car in the opened position 1/2 of the hopper car according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 shows a left side view in the state of fig. 8;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view showing the limiting device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism in the 2/3 door opening position according to one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 shows a left side view in the state of fig. 10;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural view illustrating a position limiting device for a hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism in a fully opened position according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 shows a left side view in the state of fig. 12;

figure 14 illustrates a front view of the housing of the stop device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

figure 15 illustrates a left side view of the housing of the spacing device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural view illustrating an upper cover plate of a limiting device for a hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of a locking mechanism of a limiting device for a hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a positioning block for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 19 is a schematic structural view illustrating a lever device of a limiting device for a bottom door opening and closing mechanism of a hopper car according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 20 shows a left side view in the state of fig. 19;

description of reference numerals:

1. a lower bearing; 2. a lower transmission shaft; 3. a bottom door; 4. a coupling; 5. swinging a block; 6. a connecting rod; 7. an upper bearing; 8. an upper drive shaft; 9. a clutch fork; 10. a clutch; 11. a speed reducer; 12. an upper crank throw; 13. a mis-transmission prevention device; 14. a lower crank throw; 15. a bottom door bell crank; 16. A bottom door link; 17. a piston rod; 18. a hand wheel; 19. a support; 20. adding a rib plate; 22. a limiting plate; 24. a round pin; 25. a limiting rod; 100. a control box; 120. a locking mechanism; 130. a guide bar; 140. positioning blocks; 150. a deflector rod device; 160. limiting the swing arm;

101. an upper cover plate; 102. locking the positioning block; 103. enclosing plates; 104. a guide plate; 105. a rotating shaft support; 106. a lower cover plate;

121. a locking shaft; 122. blocking the cover; 123. a handle; 124. a locking plate; 125. a nut; 126. an adjusting washer;

151. a handle; 152. a limiting washer; 153. a deflector rod; 154. an adjusting washer; 155. a crossover sub; 156. the handle rotates the round pin; 157. a cotter pin; 158. a rotating shaft; 159. and a deflector rod round pin.

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

According to the utility model discloses a stop device for hopper car bottom door closing mechanism, bottom door closing mechanism include the upper portion transmission shaft, and opening or closing of upper portion transmission shaft through rotating the drive bottom door still includes:

the limiting swing arm is connected with the swing block through an upper transmission shaft;

the limiting mechanism comprises a shifting rod device and a positioning block, and the shifting rod device drives the positioning block to longitudinally move along the guide structure so that the positioning block can move to different positioning gears;

the locating piece is processed into by the steel sheet and highly is a plurality of step locating pieces, and every step locating piece represents a fender position of bottom door aperture, satisfies current actual application requirement, and manipulates simply laborsavingly, and the bottom door switching that sets up on the box upper cover plate respectively keeps off a position indicator and is convenient for observe, manipulate and know that current bottom door is in the position condition.

The swing block of the upper transmission shaft drives the limiting swing arm to rotate to the positioning blocks with different gears, the swing block drives the limiting swing arm to rotate to the positioning blocks to limit the rotating angle of the upper transmission shaft, and the opening state of the bottom door is controlled by limiting the rotating angle of the upper transmission shaft.

In an example, spacing swing arm adopts the steel sheet processing to form, and its tip below is equipped with the circular arc that highly homoenergetic used for the different spacing fender of locating piece acted on downwards, and is convenient for spacing, prevents that the locating piece from along locating lever lateral swing.

In one example, the bottom door opening and closing mechanism further comprises an air cylinder and a swing block, two ends of the swing block are respectively connected to the piston rod and the upper transmission shaft, the swing block and the upper transmission shaft are driven to rotate by the movement of the piston rod, and the swing block drives the limiting swing arm to rotate to the positioning blocks at different gear positions.

In one example, the bottom door opening and closing mechanism further comprises a hand wheel, a speed reducer and a clutch, and the hand wheel, the speed reducer and the clutch are sequentially connected with the upper transmission shaft.

Specifically, a clutch is arranged at the end part of the upper transmission shaft, a hand wheel is connected with the speed reducer, the clutch of the output shaft of the speed reducer is rotated by rotating the hand wheel and is meshed with the clutch on the upper transmission shaft, and manual operation is achieved.

In one example, in manual operation, the manual wheel on the speed reducer is rotated to drive the speed reducer to rotate, the clutch on the output shaft of the speed reducer is meshed with the clutch on the upper transmission shaft to drive the upper transmission shaft and the swing block arranged on the upper transmission shaft to rotate, and the rest of the manual wheel is the same as the pneumatic wheel to drive the bottom door to open and close.

In one example, when the existing bottom door opening and closing mechanism is operated pneumatically, the piston rod is controlled by the control valve to drive the upper transmission shaft and the swing block connected with the piston rod to rotate so as to control the opening and closing of the bottom door, when the bottom door is operated manually, the hand wheel drives the upper transmission shaft to rotate and controls the swing block installed on the upper transmission shaft to rotate through the clutch and the rotation speed reducer, and the swing block simultaneously drives the piston rod connected with the swing block to move. When the manual operation is carried out, the operating valve is in a manual position, air on two sides of the piston rod is exhausted, and therefore the piston rod can move along with the swinging block.

As the preferred scheme, the limiting mechanism further comprises a control box, the control box comprises an upper cover plate, a coaming, a guide plate and a lower cover plate, the upper cover plate, the coaming and the lower cover plate are spliced to form the limiting mechanism, the guide plate is fixedly connected with the upper cover plate and the coaming, a rotating shaft support is fixedly connected to the lower cover plate, and the lower cover plate is fixedly connected with the vehicle body.

In one example, the bottom of the control box is provided with a base which plays a role in supporting connection, the lower part of the base is welded with the floor of the vehicle body, and the upper part of the base is provided with a bolt connecting hole which is convenient for assembling and disassembling the control box.

In one example, the control box includes a lock positioning block machined from sheet steel.

As the preferred scheme, the upper cover plate is provided with a positioning conversion groove and an indication mark, two sides of the coaming are provided with a guide rod hole, a locking shaft hole and a locking cover plate fastening hole, the upper end of the guide plate is provided with a rotating shaft supporting hole, and the rotating shaft support is provided with a supporting hole matched with the rotating shaft supporting hole on the guide plate.

In one example, the coaming is formed by bending a steel plate, and the locking mechanism and the switch mark are painted at the corresponding position of the side edge.

In one example, the guide plate is made of thick steel plate and has certain strength, the upper part of the guide plate is processed into a V shape, so that the positioning block can be moved and guided conveniently, dust can fall conveniently, and a rotating shaft supporting hole is formed in the guide plate and is welded with the lower cover plate and the enclosing plate.

In one example, the rotating shaft support is made of a steel plate, is welded on the lower cover plate and is provided with a rotating shaft support hole, and the rotating shaft support hole is matched with the rotating shaft support hole in the guide plate to play a role in fixing the rotating shaft.

In one example, the lower cover plate is machined from a steel plate, plays a role in supporting connection and is welded with the floor of the vehicle body.

Preferably, the side edge of the enclosing plate is provided with a switch mark of the locking mechanism.

Preferably, the limiting mechanism further comprises a locking mechanism and a guide rod, and the guide rod and the guide plate form a guide structure.

As a preferred scheme, the locking mechanism comprises a locking shaft, a blocking cover, a handle and a locking plate, wherein the blocking cover and the handle are both movably connected with the locking shaft; the locking plate is fixedly connected with the locking shaft, the handle is rotated to drive the locking shaft to rotate clockwise, the arc end part of the handle is close to the handle under the action of the dead weight of the locking shaft, the handle is clamped in the positioning conversion groove to prevent the handle from swinging, and at the moment, the locking mechanism is in a closed position; when the locking plate is turned over and leans against the locking positioning block, the handle is convenient to operate, and at the moment, the locking mechanism is in an unlocking position.

In one example, the locking mechanism includes a nut, a spring washer, a bolt, and an adjustment washer.

In one example, the locking shaft is machined from round steel, steps are machined at one end to facilitate positioning, and square steps and threads are machined at the other end to facilitate positioning of the handle to prevent rotation of the handle.

In one example, the plug cover adopts a convex structure to position the handle, so that the handle and the plug cover are prevented from being interfered by a bolt, and the plug cover can play a role in positioning the locking shaft.

In one example, the handle is square, so that the locking shaft can be driven to rotate.

In one example, the locking plate is connected to the locking shaft by welding.

Preferably, the number of the guide rods is two, the guide rods are arranged in parallel, and the guide rods are in line contact with the positioning blocks.

In one example, the guide rods are connected in corresponding holes in two sides of the enclosing plate through two long round pins, split pins and gaskets, the two guide rods are arranged in parallel, small gaps are reserved between the guide rods and the positioning block for limiting transverse swing of the positioning block, the guide rods are in line contact with the positioning block, the friction area of the positioning block is reduced, friction force is reduced, and flexible movement of the positioning block is facilitated.

As the preferred scheme, the deflector rod device comprises a handle, a deflector rod, a conversion joint, a rotating shaft and a handle rotating round pin, a round pin hole is formed in the lower portion of the handle and connected with the handle rotating round pin, a flat round hole is formed in the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is movably connected with the conversion joint, the deflector rod and the conversion joint can be prevented from rotating through the flat round hole, when the handle rotates longitudinally, the conversion joint, the rotating shaft and the deflector rod are driven to rotate synchronously, and the positioning block is moved to different positioning gears.

In one example, the toggle apparatus includes a limit washer, an adjustment washer, a cotter pin, and a toggle round pin.

In one example, the deflector rod device is matched with a handle to meet different gear function requirements, and can rotate around the adapter as two pivot points transversely and longitudinally, so that the handle can lean against each limit stop groove.

In one example, the handle rotation round pin functions as a connection adapter.

As a preferred scheme, the positioning block comprises four small positioning blocks, the contact part of the lower part of the positioning block and the upper part of the guide plate is of an inverted V-shaped groove structure, and the middle part of the positioning block is provided with a deflector rod connecting round pin hole; when the locating piece was in the position of closing the door entirely, the cooperation handle played limiting displacement when the end door was in the position of closing entirely, and when the locating piece was in the position of opening entirely, the cooperation handle played limiting displacement when the end door was in the position of opening entirely.

In one example, the positioning blocks are made of steel plates and are four-step-type positioning blocks, so that the limiting swing arm can act on the arc of the positioning blocks downwards conveniently, the contact force of the arc at the lower part of the limiting swing arm is vertically pressed on the floor downwards, the stress is reasonable, and the positioning blocks are convenient to move and position.

As the preferred scheme, the side of locating piece adopts the circular arc structure, and the mode of connecting lower part of locating piece and locating plate upper portion is sliding friction.

Examples

Referring to fig. 5-13, according to the present invention, a limiting device for a bottom door opening and closing mechanism of a hopper car, the bottom door opening and closing mechanism includes an upper transmission shaft 8, the upper transmission shaft 8 drives the bottom door to open or close by rotating, and the limiting device further includes: the limiting swing arm 160 is connected with the swing block 5 through the upper transmission shaft 8; the limiting mechanism comprises a shifting rod device 150 and a positioning block 140, and the shifting rod device 150 drives the positioning block 140 to move longitudinally along the guide structure, so that the positioning block 140 moves to different positioning gears; the swing block 5 of the upper transmission shaft 8 drives the limit swing arm 160 to rotate to the positioning blocks 140 with different gears, so as to limit the rotation angle of the upper transmission shaft 8, and control the opening state of the bottom door.

Specifically, spacing swing arm 160 adopts the steel sheet processing to form, and its tip below is equipped with the circular arc that highly homoenergetic downwardly acting that is used for the different spacing fender of locating piece 140, and is convenient for spacing, prevents that locating piece 140 from along locating lever lateral oscillation, and spacing swing arm 160 is connected with pendulum piece 5, is convenient for reform transform and do not influence the structure of existing car on existing car. The device does not change any part of the original bottom door opening and closing system, and can meet the requirements of additionally installing and transforming the device on the existing maintenance vehicle and installing the vehicle on a newly-built vehicle.

The utility model discloses an upper portion transmission shaft 8 is opened or is closed through rotating the drive bottom door, and spacing swing arm 160 is connected with pendulum block 5, then drives locating piece 140 through driving lever device 150 and along guide structure longitudinal movement, makes locating piece 140 move to different location fender position, and pendulum block 5 of upper portion transmission shaft 8 drives spacing swing arm 160 and rotates to the locating piece 140 of different fender position, and then limits the turned angle of upper portion transmission shaft 8, realizes the limit function of bottom door opening angle, as shown in fig. 5-7, the utility model discloses the structure schematic diagram of the position of closing the door is in; as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the device of the present invention is shown in the 1/2 open position; as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the device of the present invention is shown in the 2/3 open position; as shown in fig. 12 and 13, the device of the present invention is schematically shown in the fully opened position; the utility model discloses the device has promoted middle bottom door and has unloaded tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. performance, solved middle bottom door switching difficult control, be difficult to observe and unload tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. flow and the general difficult problem that does not use of well door, not only be convenient for install additional and be convenient for reform transform on the maintenance car at the newly-built car, do not reform transform any part in the existing vehicle bottom door opening and closing system, device structure safe and reliable, simple, compact, easy limit driving operation, equipment, dismantle and overhaul characteristics such as convenient.

Referring to fig. 6, 9, 11, 16 and 18, the positioning block 140 includes a plurality of small positioning blocks 140, the contact portion of the lower portion of the positioning block 140 and the upper portion of the guide plate 104 is an inverted V-shaped groove structure, and the middle portion of the positioning block 140 is provided with a shift lever connecting round pin hole; when the positioning block 140 is in the position of closing the door completely, the matching handle 151 plays a limiting role when the bottom door is in the position of closing the door completely, and when the positioning block 140 is in the position of opening the door completely, the matching handle 151 plays a limiting role when the bottom door is in the position of opening the door completely.

In this embodiment, the positioning blocks 140 are machined from a steel plate to form four stepped positioning blocks 140, each stepped positioning block 140 represents one gear of the bottom door opening, which is "door closing gear", "1/2 gear", "2/3 gear", and "full opening gear", respectively. The cross section of the positioning block 140 adopts an arc structure, so that the limiting swing arm 160 can act on the arc downwards conveniently, the contact force of the arc at the lower part of the limiting swing arm 160 is vertically pressed downwards on the floor, the stress is reasonable, and in order to move and position conveniently, the contact part of the lower part of the positioning block 140 and the upper part of the guide plate 104 adopts an inverted V-shaped groove structure, when the positioning block 140 is in a fully-opened position, the matching handle 151 plays a limiting role when the bottom door is in a fully-opened position, so that the manual continuous rotation of a hand wheel of the speed reducer is prevented, the transmission shaft is rotated to damage a transmission mechanism, and in order to facilitate the driving lever device 150 to drive the positioning block 140 to move longitudinally along the guide plate 104 and the guide rod; when the positioning block 140 is in the fully closed position, the matching handle 151 plays a limiting role when the bottom door is in the fully closed position, so that the bottom door is prevented from being opened by misoperation; when the positioning block 140 of the device is in a full-open gear of the bottom door, the problem that the mechanism is deformed due to the fact that the handwheel of the speed reducer is continuously rotated by large force due to misoperation is avoided; the device has realized that the bottom door unloads tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. flow and has divided into four or more fender position, satisfies current in-service use requirement, and manipulates simply laborsavingly, and the bottom door switching that sets up on the control box 100 panel respectively keeps off a position indicator and is convenient for observe the position condition of knowing being in at present.

Specifically, the lower portion of the positioning block 140 is connected to the upper portion of the positioning plate (not shown) by sliding friction, so that an accurate positioning effect can be better achieved.

Referring to fig. 14-16, in an embodiment, the limiting mechanism further includes a control box 100, the control box 100 has sufficient strength and rigidity for supporting and positioning, and the control box 100 includes an upper cover plate 101, a surrounding plate 103, a guide plate 104, and a lower cover plate 106, the upper cover plate 101, the surrounding plate 103, and the lower cover plate 106 are formed by splicing, the guide plate 104 is fixedly connected with the upper cover plate 101 and the surrounding plate 103, a rotating shaft support 105 is fixedly connected to the lower cover plate 106, and the lower cover plate 106 is fixedly connected with the vehicle body.

Specifically, the upper cover plate 101 is made of a steel plate, and a positioning conversion groove (not shown in the figure) and an indication mark are arranged on the upper cover plate 101, so that an operator can conveniently observe the current position condition of the bottom door, and misoperation is prevented; the coaming 103 is formed by bending and processing a steel plate, a guide rod hole (not shown in the figure), a locking shaft hole (not shown in the figure) and a locking cover plate fastening hole (not shown in the figure) are arranged on two sides of the coaming 103, and a locking mechanism 120 and a switch mark are painted at corresponding positions on the side edge; the guide plate 104 is a main component of the control box 100, and is formed by processing a thick steel plate, has certain strength, is processed into a V-shape at the upper part, is beneficial to moving and guiding the positioning block 140, and is beneficial to dust falling, a rotating shaft supporting hole (not shown in the figure) is arranged at the upper end of the guide plate 104, and a supporting hole (not shown in the figure) matched with the rotating shaft supporting hole on the guide plate 104 is arranged on the rotating shaft support 105; the rotating shaft support 105 is formed by machining a steel plate and is assembled and welded on the lower cover plate 106, and a rotating shaft 158 supporting hole is formed in the rotating shaft support and is matched with the rotating shaft 158 supporting hole in the guide plate 104 to fix the rotating shaft 158; the lower cover plate 106 is made of steel plate and has a supporting and connecting function, and the lower plane of the lower cover plate is welded with the floor of the vehicle body.

The control box 100 also includes a lock positioning block 102, the lock positioning block 102 being formed from sheet steel and functioning to support the lock plate 124 when the lock mechanism 120 is in the open position.

Referring to fig. 17, in another embodiment, the position limiting mechanism further comprises a locking mechanism 120 and a guide rod 130, and the guide rod 130 and the guide plate 104 form a guide structure.

Specifically, the locking mechanism 120 includes a locking shaft 121, a blocking cover 122, a handle 123 and a locking plate 124, and both the blocking cover 122 and the handle 123 are movably connected with the locking shaft 121; the locking plate 124 is fixedly connected with the locking shaft 121, the handle 123 is rotated to enable the locking shaft 121 to drive the locking plate 124 to rotate clockwise, the arc end part of the handle 123 is enabled to be close to the handle 151 under the action of self weight, the handle 151 is enabled to be clamped in the positioning conversion groove to prevent the handle 151 from swinging, and at the moment, the locking mechanism 120 is in a closing position; when the locking plate 124 is flipped against the lock positioning block 102 to facilitate operation of the handle 151, the locking mechanism 120 is in the unlocked position.

Specifically, the number of the guide rods 130 is two and the guide rods 130 are arranged in parallel, and the guide rods 130 are in line contact with the positioning block 140.

Specifically, the guide rods 130 are connected to corresponding holes in two sides of the enclosing plate 103 through two long round pins, a split pin 157 and a gasket, the two guide rods 130 are arranged in parallel, a small gap is reserved between the guide rods 130 and the positioning block 140 for limiting the transverse swing of the positioning block 140, the guide rods 130 and the positioning block 140 are in line contact, the friction area of the positioning block 140 is reduced, friction force is reduced, and the positioning block 140 can move flexibly.

In this embodiment, the locking mechanism 120 plays a role of opening and locking the handle 151, when the handle 123 is rotated to make the locking shaft 121 drive the locking plate 124 to rotate clockwise, and under the action of its own weight, the arc end of the locking plate 124 abuts against the handle 151, so that the handle 151 is clamped in each positioning conversion slot to prevent the handle 151 from swinging during the operation of the vehicle, and at this time, the locking mechanism 120 is in a closed position; when the locking plate 124 is flipped against the lock positioning block 140 to facilitate operation of the handle 151, the locking mechanism 120 is in the unlocked position; the locking shaft 121 is processed by round steel, a step is processed at one end to facilitate positioning, and a square step and a thread are processed at the other end to facilitate positioning of the handle 123 so as to prevent the handle 123 from rotating and fastening; the blocking cover 122 plays a role of positioning the locking shaft 121, and the handle 123 is positioned by adopting a convex structure to prevent the handle 123 and the blocking cover 122 from being interfered by the mounting bolt; the handle 123 adopts square internal control to facilitate driving the locking shaft 121 to rotate; in this embodiment, the locking plate 124 is connected to the locking shaft 121 by welding, and in other embodiments, a fastening member may be used.

Referring to fig. 19 and 20, in another embodiment, the lever device 150 includes a handle 151, a lever 153, a switching joint 155, a rotating shaft 158 and a handle rotating round pin 156, a round pin hole is formed below the handle 151 and connected with the handle rotating round pin 156, a flat round hole (not shown) is formed on the rotating shaft 158, the rotating shaft 158 is movably connected with the switching joint 155, and the flat round hole can prevent the lever 153 and the switching joint 155 from rotating, so that when the handle 151 rotates longitudinally, the switching joint 155, the rotating shaft 158 and the lever 153 are driven to rotate synchronously, and the positioning block 140 moves to different positioning gears.

The shift lever 153 device mainly plays a role in operation and limiting in the embodiment, and in order to meet the functional requirements of different gears of the handle 151, the shift lever 153 device can rotate transversely and longitudinally around two pivots of the adapter 155, so that the handle 151 can lean against each limiting stop groove; the handle rotation round pin 156 functions as a connection adapter 155; round pin holes are formed below the handle 151, so that the round pin holes can fall into the grooves of the upper cover plate 101 on each gear conveniently; the rotation shaft 158 is provided with flat circular holes for preventing the shift lever 153 and the adapter 155 from rotating, so that when the handle 151 rotates longitudinally, the adapter 155 and the rotation shaft 158 are driven to rotate the shift lever 153 synchronously, thereby shifting the positioning block 140 to different gear positions.

The utility model discloses specific working process as follows:

the function of preventing the misoperation rotation is realized as follows: the bottom door is in a fully closed state by wind power or manual operation, then the handle 151 is operated to rotate transversely and longitudinally around two supporting points of the conversion joint 155, so that the handle 151 moves along the long groove on the upper cover plate 101 and finally falls into the positioning conversion groove marked with the closing mark, and the handle 123 of the rotary locking mechanism 120 drives the locking plate 124 to be arranged at a locking position, thereby realizing the self-locking function of the handle 151. At this time, if the operation is mistakenly performed, the swing block 5 is rotated by pneumatic or manual force, the swing block 5 drives the limiting swing arm 160 to rotate to the closing position positioning block 140 and then does not move continuously, the protection effect is achieved, and driving safety accidents caused by accidental opening of the bottom door and unloading of stone fragments are prevented.

The ballast discharge flow control function is realized as follows:

the bottom door is in a fully closed state by pneumatic or manual operation, then the handle 123 of the locking mechanism 120 is rotated to drive the locking plate 124 to be in an open position, so as to realize the free operation function of the handle 151, then the handle 151 is operated to rotate transversely and longitudinally around two supporting points of the conversion joint 155, so that the handle 151 moves along the long groove on the upper cover plate 101, finally falls into the positioning conversion groove marked with 1/2 door opening position or 2/3 door opening position or full door opening position mark, and rotates the handle 123 to the locking position to realize the self-locking of the handle 151, and at this time, the operating handle 151 abuts against the upper cover plate 101 to position the conversion groove. When the pneumatic or manual operation is performed, the swing block 5 is driven to rotate, the swing block 5 drives the limiting swing arm 160 to rotate to the position positioning block 140 of the gear and then does not move continuously, the effects of separating, discharging and controlling the flow of the ballast are achieved, and the problems of high cost, high efficiency and low efficiency of the ballast waste or manual carrying and adjusting of the ballast are solved. When the operating handle 151 falls into the positioning conversion groove of the full-open mark of the upper cover plate 101, the gear also plays a role of limiting when the bottom door is in a full-open position, and the deformation and the damage of the bottom door opening and closing transmission mechanism caused by excessive opening of the door can be avoided.

While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is intended to be illustrative, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims (10)

1. A stop device for a hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism, the bottom door opening and closing mechanism including an upper drive shaft that drives the opening or closing of a bottom door by rotation, the stop device comprising:

the limiting swing arm is fixedly connected with the swing block;

the limiting mechanism comprises a shifting rod device and a positioning block, and the shifting rod device drives the positioning block to longitudinally move along the guide structure, so that the positioning block moves to different positioning gears;

the swing block of the upper transmission shaft drives the limiting swing arm to rotate to positioning blocks with different gears, the swing block drives the limiting swing arm to rotate to the positioning blocks to limit the rotating angle of the upper transmission shaft, and the rotating angle of the upper transmission shaft is limited to control the opening state of the bottom door.

2. The limiting device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the limiting device further comprises a control box, the control box comprises an upper cover plate, a surrounding plate, a guide plate and a lower cover plate, the upper cover plate, the surrounding plate and the lower cover plate are spliced, the guide plate is fixedly connected with the upper cover plate and the surrounding plate, a rotating shaft support is fixedly connected with the lower cover plate, and the lower cover plate is fixedly connected with a car body.

3. The limiting device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the upper cover plate is provided with a positioning conversion groove and an indication mark, the two sides of the coaming are provided with a guide rod hole, a locking shaft hole and a locking cover plate fastening hole, the upper end of the guide plate is provided with a rotating shaft supporting hole, and the rotating shaft support is provided with a supporting hole matched with the rotating shaft supporting hole on the guide plate.

4. The limiting device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 3, wherein the lever device comprises a handle, a lever, a conversion joint, a rotating shaft and a handle rotating round pin, a round pin hole is formed below the handle and connected with the handle rotating round pin, a flat round hole is formed in the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is movably connected with the conversion joint, and the flat round hole can prevent the lever and the conversion joint from rotating, so that when the handle rotates longitudinally, the conversion joint, the rotating shaft and the lever are driven to rotate synchronously, and the positioning block moves to different positioning gears.

5. The limit device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 4, wherein the limit device further comprises a locking mechanism and a guide rod, and the guide rod and the guide plate form the guide structure.

6. The limiting device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 5, wherein the locking mechanism comprises a locking shaft, a blanking cover, a handle and a locking plate, and the blanking cover and the handle are movably connected with the locking shaft; the locking plate is fixedly connected with the locking shaft, the handle is rotated to enable the locking shaft to drive the locking plate to rotate clockwise, the arc end part of the handle is enabled to be close to the handle under the action of self weight, the handle is enabled to be clamped in the positioning conversion groove to prevent the handle from swinging, and at the moment, the locking mechanism is in a closed position; when the locking plate is turned over and leans against the locking positioning block, the handle is convenient to operate, and at the moment, the locking mechanism is in an unlocking position.

7. The limiting device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 5, wherein the number of the guide rods is two and the guide rods are arranged in parallel, and the guide rods are in line contact with the positioning blocks.

8. The limit device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 5, wherein the side edge of the enclosing plate is provided with a switch mark of the locking mechanism.

9. The limiting device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 4, wherein the positioning block comprises a plurality of small positioning blocks, the contact part of the lower part of the positioning block and the upper part of the guide plate is of an inverted V-shaped groove structure, and a shifting rod connecting round pin hole is arranged in the middle of the positioning block; when the locating piece is in the position of closing the door entirely, the cooperation the handle plays limiting displacement when the bottom door is in the position of closing entirely, works as the locating piece is when the position of opening the door entirely, the cooperation the handle plays limiting displacement when the bottom door is in the position of opening entirely.

10. The limiting device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the side surface of the positioning block adopts an arc structure, and the connection mode of the lower part of the positioning block and the upper part of the positioning plate is sliding friction.

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