CN211663227U - Limiting device for hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

A stop device for a hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism, comprising: the push rod mechanism comprises a push rod body which can move along the horizontal direction, and the push rod body is connected with the upper transmission shaft; and the limiting mechanism is used for limiting the movement range of the push rod body so as to limit the rotation angle of the upper transmission shaft, so that the opening state of the bottom door is controlled. The upper portion transmission shaft is opened or is closed through rotating the drive bottom door, through the scope of stop gear restriction push rod mechanism along the horizontal direction motion, the push rod body is connected with the upper portion transmission shaft, and then the turned angle of restriction upper portion transmission shaft, the open mode of control bottom door realizes the limit function of bottom door opening angle, prevents that bottom door switching mistake from rotating, satisfies the hopper car to the requirement of the flow control of unloading, improves the hopper car operating efficiency of unloading. The device can satisfy the additional installation and transformation of current hopper car at the spare part of original bottom door closing system not changing, and the transformation expense is few, saves time, and is efficient, and economic nature is good.

Description

Limiting device for hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a freight vehicle technical field, concretely relates to a stop device for hopper car bottom door closing mechanism.

Background

At present, in the maintenance process of a newly built railway line or an existing railway line, a stone ballast hopper car is generally adopted to unload stone ballasts to the inner side and the outer side of a track, the actual ballast shortage quantity conditions of different sections are different in the use process of a railway track bed, and the required ballast unloading quantity is different. The conventional stone ballast hopper car is not easy to realize ballast discharge flow control during pneumatic or manual ballast discharge, operation is judged only by experience of operators, accurate operation of ballast discharge amount of stone ballasts for paving or maintaining and repairing the stones on a line is not facilitated, a large amount of stone ballasts are wasted or carried manually in shortage, the ballast discharge flow cannot be controlled through pneumatic operation of ballast discharge at the existing middle door, and ballast stacking is easily formed in the middle of a track to cause derailment of the car. Most of the railway administration departments in China stipulate that the ballast hopper cars cannot use middle door ballast unloading operation based on safety consideration, the ballasts can only be unloaded to two sides of a line when being unloaded, the ballasts cannot be unloaded to the middle of the line, and the ballasts unloaded to two sides can only be transported to the middle of a railway in a manual operation or large-scale operation mode, so that the problems of low production efficiency and poor economical efficiency exist.

The existing bottom door opening and closing mechanism of the railway ballast hopper car mainly controls the opening and closing actions of a bottom door according to the action principle of a four-bar mechanism. Fig. 1 shows the structure schematic diagram of the bottom door opening and closing mechanism of the existing ballast hopper car, and fig. 2 shows the a-a direction structure schematic diagram of the bottom door opening and closing mechanism of the existing ballast hopper car. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, when the bottom door 3 is opened and closed, the clutch fork 9 of the clutch 10 is operated to be in a manual position, the piston rod 17 of the air cylinder is controlled to move and drive the swing block 5 on the upper transmission shaft 8 to rotate by rotating the hand wheel 18 of the reducer 11 (or the clutch fork 9 of the clutch 10 is operated to be in a pneumatic position by operating the pneumatic control system, the piston rod 17 of the air cylinder is controlled to rotate by operating the pneumatic control system, the upper transmission shaft 8 is driven to rotate, the lower transmission shaft 2 is driven to rotate by the four-bar mechanism consisting of the upper crank 12, the connecting rod 6 and the lower crank 14 arranged on the lower transmission shaft 2, the lower transmission shaft 2 controls the opening and closing action of the bottom door 3 by the four-bar mechanism consisting of the bottom door crank 15 and the bottom door connecting rod 16, the lower bearing 1 and the upper bearing 7 for supporting are respectively arranged at the end parts of the lower transmission shaft 2 and the upper transmission, the swing block of the middle bottom door is provided with an anti-misoperation transmission device 13.

With the continuous development of the society, the requirements on the reliability and the safety of the transmission mechanism are higher and higher, and the transmission mechanism needs an anti-misoperation device to prevent the transmission mechanism from bringing bad effects after being operated by mistake. When the railway ballast hopper car runs, if a control device of the transmission mechanism is pulled by misoperation, the bottom door of the car can be opened through the transmission mechanism, and the ballasts in the car can be unloaded onto the railway along with the opening of the bottom door, so that potential safety hazards such as train derailment and the like are caused. If the transmission mechanism on the vehicle is provided with the anti-misoperation device, the adverse effect caused by misoperation can be effectively prevented.

Internal current stone tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. hopper car both sides bottom door drive mechanism does not set up prevents mistake rotating device, and middle bottom door drive mechanism has set up and has prevented mistake rotating device, and fig. 3 shows the utility model discloses a current stone tiny fragments of coal, etc. hopper car's well door prevents mistake rotating device's main view, and fig. 4 shows the utility model discloses a current stone tiny fragments of coal, etc. hopper car's well door prevents mistake rotating device's top view. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a limit plate 22 is arranged at the swing block of the middle bottom door for limiting the rotation range of the swing block 5, the limit plate 22 is hinged with a limit rod 25 through a round pin 24, a piston rod of an air cylinder is connected with the swing block 5, the swing block 5 leans against the limit plate 22 after working by pushing the swing block 5 to rotate an upper transmission shaft 8, and the limit rod 25 is inserted into the swing block 5; when the swing block 5 is far away from the limit plate 22 before working, the swing block is separated from the limit rod 25. Therefore, a working face notch needs to be machined on the swing block 5 on the existing upper transmission shaft 8, the limiting rod 25 is inserted into the swing block 5, the machining amount is large, the strength of the swing block 5 is reduced, the safety of a transmission mechanism is influenced, and potential safety hazards exist; when manufacturing error is big, because the device does not have the adjustment function, the manufacturability is poor, when setting up and relieving spacing, needs operating personnel to bend down or squat down the operation, and the operation is wasted time and energy, and humanized operability is poor, does not use in reality generally.

At present, although some foreign stone ballast hopper cars exported in China use some ballast unloading flow control technologies, the following problems still exist:

1. the method has the advantages that the method has large modification on the transmission system (the upper transmission shaft, the swing block and the like) of the domestic existing vehicle, time and labor are wasted during modification of the existing hopper car, the operator needs to bend down or squat down to adjust the required ballast discharging flow during discharging, the required time for adjustment is long, the domestic ballast hopper car needs to be discharged while walking, the operator can observe the required ballast discharging amount of bottom doors at two sides of the car while operating, when the ballast discharging amount is adjusted by bending down or squat down by using the technology, the operator cannot observe the required ballast discharging amount of the running section of the car due to time limitation, the adjustment time is long, the efficiency is low, and the method is not high in practicability and maneuverability and is not suitable for being used on the railway ballast hopper car in China.

2. After the bottom door arrives the full-open door or the closed position, if the maloperation appears and continues to rotate the reducer hand wheel with great power, can make four-bar linkage produce the deformation, can crush bottom door, flow tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. board or make the bottom door board produce the deformation, it is very big to the destruction effect of mechanism, influences bottom door normal use, has driving safety hidden danger. At present, the existing bottom door opening and closing mechanism only has a limiting technology for preventing the middle bottom door from being opened excessively, and has the defects of incapability of adjusting the position when the manufacturing error is large, poor process, close distance between a limiting point and a transmission shaft, large limiting resistance and the like.

Therefore, in order to meet the requirements of driving safety, structural limitation of the vehicle and the like, a novel-structure limiting device which is safe and reliable and can prevent two side and middle bottom doors from being opened and closed excessively needs to be developed, so that the time and labor for discharging are saved, and misoperation can be prevented. In addition, the limiting device is expected to be capable of upgrading and transforming the existing vehicle bottom opening and closing mechanism without changing the structure of the existing opening and closing mechanism of the bottom door of the ballast hopper car.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a stop device for hopper car bottom door closing mechanism, under the operational environment that current hopper car was walked to limit and is unloaded, prevent that both sides and middle bottom door from excessively opening a door and excessively closing, realize that the bottom door is opened prevent mistake rotation function and limit function, satisfy the requirement of the flow control of unloading.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a stop device for hopper car bottom door closing mechanism, bottom door closing mechanism includes the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is opened or is closed through rotating the drive bottom door, stop device includes:

the push rod mechanism comprises a push rod body capable of moving along the horizontal direction, and the push rod body is connected with the transmission shaft;

and the limiting mechanism is used for limiting the movement range of the push rod body so as to limit the rotation angle of the transmission shaft, so that the opening state of the bottom door is controlled.

Preferably, the limiting mechanism comprises a control box, the control box is a cuboid and is formed by splicing a control panel, a lower bottom plate, a front cover plate, a rear cover plate, a first side plate and a second side plate;

be equipped with the push rod guiding hole on the first curb plate, be equipped with location switching groove and a plurality of spacing shelves groove on the control panel, a plurality of spacing shelves groove are followed the axis direction of push rod guiding hole sets gradually, the location switching groove is followed control panel with the junction of second curb plate to control panel's inside extension and respectively with every spacing shelves groove intercommunication, the upper portion of second curb plate be equipped with the opening of location switching groove intercommunication.

Preferably, stop gear is still including inserting and locating the manipulation gag lever post in the control box, the manipulation gag lever post is including the handle, the spacing body of rod and the joint that connects gradually, joint's both ends are equipped with axis mutually perpendicular's first pinhole and second pinhole respectively, the front shroud with be equipped with the first round pin axle that the level set up between the back shroud, joint's first pinhole with first round pin axle is articulated, the spacing body of rod pass through the second round pin axle articulate in the second pinhole, the handle stretches out control panel, through the operation the handle drives the spacing body of rod is in switch between opening and the different spacing shelves groove.

Preferably, stop gear still includes taut spring base and straining spring, be equipped with the sector hole on the back shroud, the one end of taut spring base connect in the surface of back shroud, the other end is the free end, the one end of straining spring connect in through first link in taut spring base the free end, the other end passes the sector hole and connect in through the second link in manipulate the gag lever post, be used for making manipulate the gag lever post and tightly lean on be close to in the spacing shelves groove the position of back shroud.

Preferably, the one end of the push rod body is equipped with the hemisphere, the push rod body the one end is passed through the push rod guiding hole stretches into in the control box, thereby the push rod body can be followed push rod guiding hole horizontal motion, the surface of the spacing body of rod with the corresponding position of the push rod body is equipped with the long recess of hemisphere face, the long recess of hemisphere face with the cooperation of hemisphere contact, the other end of the push rod body is equipped with the push rod connecting piece.

Preferably, the push rod mechanism further comprises a pair of chain ring seats, a pair of eye bolts and a pair of chains, the pair of chain ring seats are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the push rod connecting piece, the pair of eye bolts are symmetrically arranged on the outer surface of the first side plate of the control box, two ends of each chain are respectively connected with one chain ring seat and one corresponding eye bolt, and the length of each chain is adjusted by adjusting the depth of the eye bolt screwed into the first side plate.

Preferably, a pair of positioning pulleys is arranged in the control box and close to the push rod guide hole, and the push rod body extends into the space between the pair of positioning pulleys.

Preferably, the control panel is provided with an indication mark corresponding to each limit gear groove, and the indication mark displays the opening degree of the bottom door;

when the operation limiting rod is positioned in the notch of the second side plate, the bottom door is in a full-open state; when the operation limiting rod is positioned in the limiting baffle groove, the bottom door is in a completely closed or partially closed state.

Preferably, bottom door closing mechanism still includes cylinder and pendulum piece, the piston rod of two-way cylinder with push rod body coaxial setting, just the end of piston rod with the push rod connecting piece is connected, the both ends of pendulum piece connect respectively in the piston rod with the transmission shaft, the motion drive of piston rod push rod body horizontal motion, and drive in proper order the pendulum piece with the transmission shaft rotates.

Preferably, the bottom door opening and closing mechanism further comprises a hand wheel, a speed reducer and a clutch, and the hand wheel, the speed reducer, the clutch and the transmission shaft are connected in sequence.

The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: the transmission shaft is opened or closed through rotating the drive bottom door, through the scope of stop gear restriction push rod mechanism along the motion of horizontal direction, the push rod body is connected with the transmission shaft, and then the turned angle of restriction transmission shaft, the open mode of control bottom door realizes bottom door opening angle's limit function, prevents that bottom door switching mistake from rotating, satisfies the hopper wagon and to the requirement of the flow control of unloading, improves hopper wagon operating efficiency of unloading. The device can satisfy the additional installation and transformation of current hopper car at the spare part of original bottom door closing system not changing, and the transformation expense is few, saves time, and is efficient, and economic nature is good.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings. Wherein like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a bottom door opening and closing mechanism of an existing ballast hopper car.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the a-a direction of the existing bottom door opening and closing mechanism of the ballast hopper car of the present invention.

Fig. 3 shows a front view of the middle door anti-misoperation device of the ballast hopper car of the present invention.

Fig. 4 shows a top view of the anti-misoperation device for the middle door of the existing ballast hopper car.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a limiting device for a bottom door opening and closing mechanism of a hopper car according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is installed in an existing hopper car.

Fig. 6 is a schematic B-B structural diagram illustrating the installation of the limiting device for the bottom door opening and closing mechanism of the hopper car in the prior art.

Fig. 7 is a front view of a stop device for a hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 shows a left side view of a stop device for a hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 shows a top view of a stop device for a hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 shows a front view of a push rod mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 11 shows a top view of a push rod mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a putter body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 13 illustrates a front view of a push rod connector in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 14 illustrates a top view of a push rod connector in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 15 shows a front view of a control box according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 16 shows a left side view of a control box of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 17 shows a top view of a control box according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a control panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 19 illustrates a front view of a locating block of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 20 shows a left side view of a locating block of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 21 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first side plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 22 shows a schematic structural diagram of a lower base plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 23 shows a front view of a first suspension loop according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 24 shows a top view of a first suspension loop according to an embodiment of the invention.

Figure 25 illustrates a front view of a tension spring mount of an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 26 shows a left side view of the tension spring mount of one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 27 is a schematic structural view of a rear cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 28 is a schematic structural diagram of a front cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 29 is a schematic structural view of a second side plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 30 shows a schematic structural diagram of a base according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 31 shows a front view of a manipulation limiting lever according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 32 shows a top view of a steering limit stop according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 33 shows a schematic structural view of a handle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 34 shows a front view of a limit rod body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 35 shows a top view of a restraining bar according to an embodiment of the invention.

Figure 36 illustrates a front view of a joint according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 37 illustrates a top view of a joint according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 38 is a schematic structural diagram of a first pin according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 39 illustrates a front view of a positioning pulley in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 40 illustrates a left side view of a positioning pulley of one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 41 shows a schematic view of a chain and eye bolt connection according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a lower bearing; 2. a lower transmission shaft; 3. a bottom door; 4. a coupling; 5. swinging a block; 6. a connecting rod; 7. An upper bearing; 8. an upper drive shaft; 9. a clutch shift fork; 10. a clutch; 11. a speed reducer; 12. an upper crank throw; 13. a mis-transmission prevention device; 14. a lower crank throw; 15. a bottom door bell crank; 16. a bottom door link; 17. an air reservoir; 18. a hand wheel; 19. a support; 20. adding a rib plate; 22. a limiting plate; 24. a round pin; 25. a limiting rod;

100. a limiting mechanism; 200. a push rod mechanism; 300. a drive shaft;

101. a control panel; 103. a first side plate; 104. a lower base plate; 107. a front cover plate; 108. a rear cover plate; 109. a second side plate; 110. a push rod guide hole; 111. positioning a switching groove; 112. a limiting baffle groove; 113. positioning blocks; 114. operating the limiting rod; 115. a handle; 116. a limiting rod body; 117. a connecting joint; 118. a first pin hole; 119. a second pin hole; 120. a first pin shaft; 121. a second pin shaft; 122. a spring base is tightened; 123. tensioning the spring; 124. a first suspension loop; 125. a sector hole; 126. a base; 127. a groove is formed in the hemispherical surface; 128. positioning the pulley;

201. a push rod body; 202. a push rod connector; 203. a chain ring seat; 204. eye bolts; 205. a chain; 206. locking the nut; 207. and (7) connecting pins.

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

According to the utility model discloses a stop device for hopper car bottom door closing mechanism, bottom door closing mechanism include the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is opened or is closed through rotation drive bottom door, and stop device includes:

the push rod mechanism comprises a push rod body which can move along the horizontal direction, and the push rod body is connected with the transmission shaft; and the limiting mechanism is used for limiting the movement range of the push rod body so as to limit the rotation angle of the transmission shaft, so that the opening state of the bottom door is controlled.

The utility model discloses a transmission shaft is opened or is closed through rotating the drive bottom door, and the push rod body is connected with the transmission shaft, and through the range of stop gear restriction push rod mechanism along the horizontal direction motion, and then the turned angle of restriction transmission shaft, realize bottom door opening angle's limit function, promoted middle bottom door and unloaded tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. performance, solved middle bottom door switching difficult control, observe and unload tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. flow, the difficult problem that well door generally does not use. The device is convenient to be additionally installed on a newly-built vehicle and be transformed on an inspection vehicle, any part in an existing vehicle bottom door opening and closing system is not transformed, the device is safe, reliable, simple and compact in structure, easy to operate while driving, convenient to assemble, disassemble and overhaul, light in dead weight, low in cost, good in economical efficiency and the like.

As a preferred scheme, the limiting mechanism comprises a control box, the control box is a cuboid and is formed by splicing a control panel, a lower bottom plate, a front cover plate, a rear cover plate, a first side plate and a second side plate; be equipped with the push rod guiding hole on the first curb plate, be equipped with location switching groove and a plurality of spacing shelves groove on the manipulation panel, a plurality of spacing shelves grooves set gradually along the axis direction of push rod guiding hole, and the location switching groove extends and communicates with every spacing shelves groove respectively to the inside of manipulation panel from the junction of manipulation panel and second curb plate, and the upper portion of second curb plate is equipped with the opening with location switching groove intercommunication.

In one example, the bottom of the control box is provided with a base which plays a role in supporting connection, the lower part of the base is welded with the floor of the vehicle body, and the upper part of the base is provided with a bolt connecting hole which is convenient for assembling and disassembling the control box.

As the preferred scheme, stop gear is still including inserting the control gag lever post of locating in the control box, the control gag lever post is including the handle that connects gradually, the spacing body of rod and joint, joint's both ends are equipped with axis mutually perpendicular's first pinhole and second pinhole respectively, be equipped with the first round pin axle that the level set up between front shroud and the back shroud, joint's first pinhole and first round pin axle are articulated, the gag lever post body articulates in the second pinhole through second round pin axle, the handle stretches out the control panel, drive the spacing body of rod through operating handle and switch between opening and different spacing shelves groove.

In order to match with the requirements of operating the limiting rod on different gear functions, the operating limiting rod is connected with a first pin shaft arranged between the front cover plate and the rear cover plate through a connecting joint, and a first pin hole of the connecting joint is hinged with the first pin shaft, so that the operating limiting rod longitudinally moves in a positioning switching groove of the control box by taking the first pin shaft as a fulcrum; the axes of the first pin hole and the second pin hole at the two ends of the connecting joint are mutually vertical, the limiting rod body is matched with the second pin hole through the second pin shaft, so that the limiting rod body is connected with the connecting joint, the limiting rod body is operated to transversely swing along the limiting baffle groove of the control box by taking the second pin shaft as a fulcrum, and the limiting rod is operated to switch between the opening and different limiting baffle grooves.

In one example, the lower part of the operating panel is provided with a positioning block beside each limit catch groove for positioning the limit rod body, so that the limit rod body can abut against the positioning block in the limit catch groove.

In one example, the handle is convenient for an operator to stand for operation, is close to a wind control operation valve and a hand wheel of a speed reducer of the hopper car, controls the ballast discharging flow, prevents the bottom door from rotating mistakenly and switches between limit baffle grooves conveniently and quickly in the running process of the car, meets the ergonomic requirement, and is labor-saving and quick to operate.

Preferably, the limiting mechanism further comprises a tensioning spring base and a tensioning spring, the rear cover plate is provided with a fan-shaped hole, one end of the tensioning spring base is connected to the outer surface of the rear cover plate, the other end of the tensioning spring base is a free end, one end of the tensioning spring is connected to the free end of the tensioning spring base through a first hanging ring, and the other end of the tensioning spring penetrates through the fan-shaped hole and is connected to the operation limiting rod through a second hanging ring, so that the operation limiting rod abuts against a position, close to the rear cover plate, in the limiting gear groove.

One end of the tensioning spring base is welded on the outer surface of the rear cover plate, the other end of the tensioning spring base is a free end, the first hanging ring is welded at the free end of the tensioning spring base, the second hanging ring is arranged on the operation limiting rod, one end of the tensioning spring is connected onto the first hanging ring, the other end of the tensioning spring penetrates through the fan-shaped hole of the rear cover plate and is connected with the second hanging ring, the tensioning spring can slide along the fan-shaped hole along with the swinging of the operation limiting rod, and the operation limiting rod has the tension effect of being tensioned to be close to each positioning groove near the rear cover.

As preferred scheme, the one end of the push rod body is equipped with the hemisphere, and the one end of the push rod body is passed through the push rod guiding hole and is stretched into in the control box to the push rod body can be followed push rod guiding hole horizontal motion, and the surface of the spacing body of rod is equipped with the long recess of hemisphere face with the corresponding position of push rod body, the long recess of hemisphere face and hemisphere body contact cooperation, the other end of the push rod body is equipped with the push rod connecting piece.

The push rod body stretches into in the control box through the push rod guiding hole of control box to can follow push rod guiding hole horizontal motion, the surface of the spacing body of rod is equipped with the long recess of hemisphere face with the corresponding position of push rod body, the long recess of hemisphere face cooperates with hemisphere contact, guarantee among the push rod mechanism that the homoenergetic of push rod body hemisphere face is gone into in its long recess of hemisphere face on each fender position, through the length that the spacing body of rod restriction push rod body stretched into the control box, thereby the turned angle of control transmission shaft, so that the state of opening of door at the bottom of the control. When the restriction is waited to close the bottom door, both are from going the separation, do not influence each other again, spacing body of rod from push rod body contact surface roll-off when the long recess of hemisphere face is convenient for shift gears.

In one example, the push rod body is made of round steel or forged into a semi-spherical shape at one end for positioning, and the other end is provided with threads for connecting with the push rod connecting piece.

In one example, the push rod connecting piece is formed by forging or assembling and welding steel plates, a round pin connecting hole and a connecting threaded hole of the push rod body are formed in the push rod connecting piece, the round pin connecting hole is connected with the tail end of a piston rod of the air cylinder, and the connecting threaded hole is connected with the push rod.

Preferably, the push rod mechanism further comprises a pair of chain ring seats, a pair of eye bolts and a pair of chains, the pair of chain ring seats are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the push rod connecting piece, the pair of eye bolts are symmetrically arranged on the outer surface of the first side plate of the control box, two ends of each chain are respectively connected with one chain ring seat and the corresponding eye bolt, and the length of each chain is adjusted by adjusting the depth of the eye bolts screwed into the first side plate.

In one example, one end of the chain is connected with the chain link seat of the push rod connecting piece, the other end of the chain is connected with the eye bolt, the eye bolt is symmetrically arranged on the outer surface of the first side plate of the control box through the fastening nut, the fastening nut on the eye bolt is rotated as required to adjust the length of the chain, the limiting effect is mainly achieved, the situation that the bottom door is required to be in the fully closed position is avoided, the transmission mechanism of the bottom door is damaged due to the fact that the bottom door is excessively closed, the problem that the four-bar mechanism deforms due to the fact that the hand wheel is continuously rotated with large force due to misoperation is avoided, due to the fact that the chain is composed of flexible connection, the situation that the bottom door is partially separated is not affected, the bottom door is opened in the fully open position is.

In one example, the chain element may also be in the form of a wire rope or a link.

As the preferred scheme, a pair of positioning pulleys is arranged in the control box and close to the push rod guide hole, and the push rod body extends into the space between the pair of positioning pulleys.

In one example, the positioning pulleys are made of a non-metal wear-resistant material or a metal material, and a pair of positioning pulleys are arranged on two sides of the control box close to the push rod guide hole, so that the abrasion and the friction resistance of the push rod body moving along the push rod guide hole are reduced, the transmission efficiency is improved, and the push rod body is ensured to move along the axis of the push rod guide hole.

Preferably, the control panel is provided with an indication mark corresponding to each limit baffle groove, and the indication mark displays the opening degree of the bottom door; when the control limiting rod is positioned in the notch of the second side plate, the bottom door is in a full-open state; when the control limit rod is positioned in the limit stop groove, the bottom door is in a completely closed or partially closed state.

In one example, the control panel is made of a steel plate, and is provided with a limit stop groove for controlling the limit rod and an indication mark for displaying the opening degree of the bottom door, so that an operator can conveniently observe the current position condition of the bottom door, and misoperation is prevented.

In one example, the operation panel enables the bottom door to unload the tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. the flow rate of unloading tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. is divided into three gears, the requirement of current actual application is met, and the operation is simple and labor-saving, each gear indicator mark of bottom door opening and closing arranged on the operation panel, including the totally-closed position, one third, two third and the totally-opened position, the observation, the operation and the understanding that the current bottom door is in the position condition are convenient, the tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. operation efficiency of the tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. hopper car is obviously improved, the requirement of different tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. of different sections is met, the trouble that a large amount of waste of unnecessary tiny fragments of stone and stone, coal, etc. need manual handling when the tiny fragments of stone.

In one example, the notch of the second side plate is a full-open gear of the bottom door, and when the operating gear lever is pushed to the notch, the operating gear lever is located at the farthest position in the limiting gear groove of the control box, so that the push rod body moves to the limit position along the horizontal direction, the rotating angle of the rotating shaft is the largest, and the bottom door is fully opened. The cooperation is controlled the locating lever and is in when the bottom door is in full open position and open the gear and play limiting displacement, prevents to appear the maloperation and continues to use great power rotatory reduction gear hand wheel, avoids making the excessive problem emergence of rotating and destroying drive mechanism of transmission shaft.

As the preferred scheme, bottom door closing mechanism still includes cylinder and pendulum piece, and the piston rod and the coaxial setting of push rod body of cylinder, and the end and the push rod connecting piece of piston rod are connected, and the both ends of pendulum piece are connected respectively in piston rod and transmission shaft, and the motion drive push rod body horizontal motion of piston rod to drive pendulum piece and transmission shaft rotation in proper order.

In one example, the positioning pulley and the push rod guide hole enable the push rod body to move horizontally and linearly, a piston rod of the air cylinder and the push rod body are arranged coaxially, the tail end of the piston rod is connected with the push rod connecting piece, the push rod connecting piece and a swing block on the transmission shaft are connected to the piston rod at the same time, so that the piston rod is in a linear motion track in the opening and closing process of the bottom door, and the problem that the two-way air cylinder leaks due to the fact that the piston swings up and down due to the fact that the connecting position of the piston rod.

In one example, the push rod connecting piece and the swinging block on the transmission shaft are connected to the piston rod at the same time, the connecting point of the push rod connecting piece and the transmission shaft is far away from the center of the transmission shaft (namely the arm length), the required control force is relatively small, and the bottom door opening and closing mechanism is driven to be more labor-saving.

In one example, the push rod mechanism is connected with the swing block on the transmission shaft, the limiting acting force when the bottom door is in the full-closed position and the full-open position is transmitted to the joint of the two-way air cylinder piston rod and the swing block, the occurrence that an intermediate transmission link is damaged is avoided from the source, and the safety and reliability of the transmission system are effectively improved.

As the preferred scheme, the bottom door opening and closing mechanism further comprises a hand wheel, a speed reducer and a clutch, wherein the hand wheel, the speed reducer, the clutch and the transmission shaft are sequentially connected.

In one example, the end of the transmission shaft is provided with a clutch, a hand wheel is connected with the speed reducer, and the hand wheel is rotated to enable the clutch of the output shaft of the speed reducer to rotate and to be meshed with the clutch on the transmission shaft, so that manual operation is achieved.

In one example, when the manual operation is performed, the manual wheel on the speed reducer is rotated manually to drive the speed reducer to rotate, the clutch on the output shaft of the speed reducer is meshed with the clutch on the upper transmission shaft to drive the transmission shaft and the swing block arranged on the upper transmission shaft to rotate, and the rest of the manual wheel is the same as the pneumatic wheel to drive the bottom door to open and close.

In one example, after the device finishes each ballast discharging flow control gear of the bottom door, the swinging block drives the push rod assembly to be directly separated from the operation positioning rod by operating the pneumatic or manual mechanism, the closing of the bottom door cannot be influenced, and the loading and driving safety is ensured.

In one example, when the existing bottom door opening and closing mechanism is operated pneumatically, the piston rod is controlled by the operating valve to drive the transmission shaft and the swinging block connected with the piston rod to rotate so as to control the opening and closing of the bottom door, and when the bottom door is operated manually, the transmission shaft is driven by the clutch and the hand wheel of the rotating speed reducer to rotate and control the swinging block arranged on the transmission shaft to rotate, and the swinging block simultaneously drives the piston rod connected with the swinging block to move. When the manual operation is carried out, the operating valve is in a manual position, air on two sides of the piston is exhausted, and therefore the piston rod can move along with the swinging block.

Examples

Fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of the limiting device for the opening and closing mechanism of the bottom door of the hopper car according to an embodiment of the present invention installed on the existing hopper car, and fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of the limiting device for the opening and closing mechanism of the bottom door of the hopper car according to an embodiment of the present invention installed on the existing hopper car.

Fig. 7 shows a front view of a limiting device for a hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 8 shows a left side view of a limiting device for a hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 9 shows a top view of a limiting device for a hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 5 to 7 and fig. 8 to 9, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a limiting device for a hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism includes a transmission shaft 300, the transmission shaft 300 drives the bottom door to open or close by rotating, and the limiting device includes:

the push rod mechanism 200, the push rod mechanism 200 includes the push rod body 201 that can move along the horizontal direction, push rod body 201 is connected with drive shaft 300; the limiting mechanism 100, the limiting mechanism 100 is used for limiting the movement range of the push rod body 201, and further limiting the rotation angle of the transmission shaft 300, so as to control the opening state of the bottom door.

Fig. 15 shows a front view of a control box according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 16 shows a left side view of the control box according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 17 is a plan view of a control box according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of an operation panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 21 shows a schematic structural view of a first side plate according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 22 shows a schematic structural view of a lower plate according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 27 shows a schematic structural view of a rear cover plate of an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 28 shows a schematic structural view of a front cover plate of an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 29 shows a schematic structural diagram of a second side plate according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 30 shows a schematic structural diagram of a base according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 15 to 17 and 22, the limiting mechanism 100 includes a control box, which is a rectangular parallelepiped and is formed by splicing a control panel 101, a lower base plate 104, a front cover plate 107, a rear cover plate 108, a first side plate 103, and a second side plate 109; as shown in fig. 21, the first side plate 103 is provided with a push rod guide hole 110. As shown in fig. 18, the control panel 101 is provided with a positioning switch groove 111 and a plurality of stopper grooves 112, the stopper grooves 112 are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the putter guide hole 110, and the positioning switch groove 111 extends from the connection between the control panel 101 and the second side plate 109 to the inside of the control panel 101 and is respectively communicated with each stopper groove 112. As shown in fig. 29, a cutout communicating with the positioning switching groove 111 is provided in the upper portion of the second side plate 109. As shown in fig. 30, the bottom of the control box is provided with a base 126, the base 126 is used for supporting and connecting, the lower part of the base 126 is welded with the floor of the vehicle body, and the upper part of the base is provided with a bolt connecting hole, so that the control box is convenient to assemble and disassemble.

Fig. 31 shows a front view of the operation limiting rod according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 32 shows a top view of the operation limiting rod according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 33 shows a schematic structural diagram of the handle according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 36 shows a front view of the joint according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 37 shows a top view of the joint according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 38 shows a schematic structural diagram of the first pin according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 31 to 38, the limiting mechanism 100 further includes an operating limiting rod 114 inserted in the control box, the operating limiting rod 114 includes a handle 115, a limiting rod body 116 and a connecting joint 117 connected in sequence, two ends of the connecting joint 117 are respectively provided with a first pin hole 118 and a second pin hole 119 with mutually perpendicular axes, a first pin shaft 120 horizontally arranged is arranged between the front cover plate 107 and the rear cover plate 108, the first pin hole 118 of the connecting joint 117 is hinged to the first pin shaft 120, the limiting rod body 116 is hinged to the second pin hole 119 through the second pin shaft 121, the handle 115 extends out of the operating panel 101, and the operating handle 115 drives the limiting rod body 116 to switch between the gap and different limiting stopper grooves 112.

Fig. 19 shows a front view of a positioning block according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 20 shows a left view of the positioning block according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 19 to fig. 20, a positioning block 113 is disposed at a side of each limiting slot 112 under the control panel 101 for positioning the limiting rod 116, so that the limiting rod 116 can abut against the positioning block 113 in the limiting slot 112.

Fig. 27 shows a schematic structural diagram of a back cover plate of an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 23 shows a front view of a first suspension ring of an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 24 shows a top view of a first suspension ring of an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 25 shows a front view of a tension spring base of an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 26 shows a left side view of a tension spring base of an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 27 and fig. 23 to 26, the position limiting mechanism further includes a tension spring base 122 and a tension spring 123, the rear cover plate 108 is provided with a fan-shaped hole 125, one end of the tension spring base 122 is connected to the outer surface of the rear cover plate 108, the other end is a free end, one end of the tension spring 123 is connected to the free end of the tension spring base 122 through a first hanging ring 124, and the other end passes through the fan-shaped hole 125 and is connected to the operation limiting rod 114 through a second hanging ring (not shown) for abutting the operation limiting rod 114 in the position close to the rear cover plate 108 in the limiting stopper groove 112.

Fig. 10 shows a front view of a push rod mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 11 shows a top view of a push rod mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 12 shows a schematic structural diagram of a push rod body according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 13 shows a front view of a push rod connector according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 14 shows a top view of a push rod connector according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 34 shows a front view of a limit rod body according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 35 shows a top view of a limit rod body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 10 to 14 and fig. 34 to 35, a hemisphere is disposed at one end of the push rod body 201, one end of the push rod body 201 extends into the control box through the push rod guide hole 110, so that the push rod body 201 can horizontally move along the push rod guide hole 110, a hemisphere long groove 127 is disposed on the surface of the limiting rod body 116 corresponding to the push rod body 201, the hemisphere long groove 127 is in contact fit with the hemisphere, and the other end of the push rod body 201 is connected to the push rod connector 202 through a lock nut 206.

Fig. 41 shows a schematic view of a chain and eye bolt connection according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 41, the push rod mechanism further includes a pair of link seats 203, a pair of eye bolts 204, and a pair of chains 205, the pair of link seats 203 are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the push rod connector 202, the pair of eye bolts 204 are symmetrically disposed on the outer surface of the first side plate 103 of the control box, both ends of each chain 205 are respectively connected with one link seat 203 and the corresponding eye bolt 204, and the length of the chain 205 is adjusted by adjusting the depth of screwing the eye bolt 204 into the first side plate 103.

Fig. 39 is a front view of a positioning pulley according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 40 is a left side view of the positioning pulley according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 39 to 40, a pair of positioning pulleys 128 is provided in the control box near the push rod guide hole 110, and the push rod body 201 extends between the pair of positioning pulleys 128. The operating panel 101 is provided with an indicating mark corresponding to each limit baffle groove, and the indicating mark displays the opening degree of the bottom door; when the operating limiting rod 114 is positioned in the notch of the second side plate 109, the bottom door is in a full-open state; when the operating limit lever 114 is in the limit stop slot 112, the bottom door is in a fully closed or partially closed state.

The bottom door opening and closing mechanism further comprises an air cylinder and a swing block 5, a piston rod 17 of the air cylinder and a push rod body 201 are coaxially arranged, the tail end of the piston rod 17 is connected 202 with a push rod connecting piece through a connecting pin 207, two ends of the swing block 5 are respectively connected to the piston rod 17 and a transmission shaft 300, the push rod body 201 is driven by the movement of the piston rod 17 to horizontally move and sequentially drive the swing block 5 and the transmission shaft 300 to rotate, the bottom door opening and closing mechanism further comprises a hand wheel 18, a speed reducer 11 and a clutch 10, and the hand wheel 18, the speed reducer 11, the clutch 10 and the transmission shaft 300.

The limiting device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism of the embodiment realizes the following function of preventing misoperation rotation:

first, the bottom door is in a fully closed state and the chain 205 is tightened; then, the handle 115 of the operating limit lever 114 is operated to make the limit lever body 116 rotate around the connecting joint 117 in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction respectively by taking the first pin shaft 120 and the second pin shaft 121 as pivots, so that the handle 115 moves along the positioning switching groove 111 on the operating panel 101 of the control box, finally falls into the limit lever groove 112 marked with the closing indication mark and is self-locked under the tension of the tension spring 123, and at the moment, the limit lever body 116 abuts against the positioning block 113. At this time, if the operation is mistakenly performed, the swing block 5 is rotated by the force of pneumatic operation or manual operation, the swing block 5 drives the push rod mechanism 200 to horizontally move along the push rod guide hole 110, and the push rod body 201 is enabled to linearly move and contact the limiting rod body 116 and then does not continuously move, so that the protection effect is achieved, and the driving safety accident caused by accidental opening of the bottom door and discharging of stone ballast is prevented.

The limiting device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism of the embodiment realizes the following functions of ballast discharging flow control: first, the bottom door is in a fully closed state and the chain 205 is tightened; then, the handle 115 of the operating limit rod 114 is operated to make the limit rod body 116 rotate transversely and longitudinally around the connecting joint 117 of the operating limit rod body respectively by taking the first pin shaft 120 and the second pin shaft 121 as fulcrums, so that the handle 115 moves along the positioning switching groove 111 on the operating panel 101 of the control box and finally falls into the limit stop groove 112 marked with one-third, two-thirds or full-open marks, and is self-locked under the tension of the tension spring 123, and at the moment, the limit rod body 116 abuts against the positioning block 113 of the control box. When the pneumatic or manual operation is performed, the swing block 5 is driven to rotate, the swing block 5 drives the push rod mechanism 200 to move along the push rod guide hole 110, the push rod body 201 is enabled to linearly move and contact the limiting rod body 116, and then the push rod body does not continuously move, the effects of blocking and discharging the ballast flow are achieved, and the problems of high cost and low efficiency of ballast waste or manual carrying and adjusting of the ballast are solved. When the handle 115 of the operating limiting rod 114 falls into the limiting gear groove 112 of the full-open mark of the operating panel 101, the gear also plays a limiting function when the bottom door is at the full-open position, and the deformation and the damage of the bottom door opening and closing transmission mechanism caused by excessive opening of the door can be avoided.

The limiting function of the limiting device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism for preventing the bottom door from being excessively closed is as follows: when making the bottom door be in the state of closing entirely, pnematic or manual action drive pendulum piece 5 rotates, pendulum piece 5 drives push rod mechanism 200 rectilinear movement, finally make the chain 205 of connecting between the first curb plate 103 of push rod body 201 and control box taut and played the positioning action, push rod body 201 no longer removes, restricted pendulum piece 5 simultaneously and rotated, finally make the bottom door be in the position of closing entirely, can avoid excessively closing the bottom door and cause the bottom door to warp, the tiny fragments of stone, etc. board of flowing is crushed and the deformation of bottom door closing mechanism, the emergence of destruction.

The foregoing technical solutions are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and it is easy for those skilled in the art to make various modifications and variations on the principles of the present invention without limiting the present invention to the specific embodiments described above, so that the foregoing description is only preferred and not limiting.

Claims (10)

1. A stop device for hopper car bottom door closing mechanism, bottom door closing mechanism includes the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is opened or is closed through rotating drive bottom door, its characterized in that, stop device includes:

the push rod mechanism comprises a push rod body capable of moving along the horizontal direction, and the push rod body is connected with the transmission shaft;

and the limiting mechanism is used for limiting the movement range of the push rod body so as to limit the rotation angle of the transmission shaft, so that the opening state of the bottom door is controlled.

2. The limiting device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the limiting mechanism comprises a control box, the control box is a cuboid and is formed by splicing an operating panel, a lower bottom plate, a front cover plate, a rear cover plate, a first side plate and a second side plate;

be equipped with the push rod guiding hole on the first curb plate, be equipped with location switching groove and a plurality of spacing shelves groove on the control panel, a plurality of spacing shelves groove are followed the axis direction of push rod guiding hole sets gradually, the location switching groove is followed control panel with the junction of second curb plate to control panel's inside extension and respectively with every spacing shelves groove intercommunication, the upper portion of second curb plate be equipped with the opening of location switching groove intercommunication.

3. The limiting device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the limiting mechanism further comprises an operation limiting rod inserted in the control box, the operation limiting rod comprises a handle, a limiting rod body and a connecting joint which are sequentially connected, a first pin hole and a second pin hole which are perpendicular to each other in axis are respectively arranged at two ends of the connecting joint, a first pin shaft is horizontally arranged between the front cover plate and the rear cover plate, the first pin hole of the connecting joint is hinged to the first pin shaft, the limiting rod body is hinged to the second pin hole through the second pin shaft, the handle extends out of the operation panel, and the limiting rod body is driven to switch between the opening and different limiting baffle grooves through operation of the handle.

4. The limiting device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 3, wherein the limiting mechanism further comprises a tension spring base and a tension spring, the rear cover plate is provided with a fan-shaped hole, one end of the tension spring base is connected to the outer surface of the rear cover plate, the other end of the tension spring base is a free end, one end of the tension spring is connected to the free end of the tension spring base through a first hanging ring, and the other end of the tension spring base passes through the fan-shaped hole and is connected to the operation limiting rod through a second hanging ring, so that the operation limiting rod is abutted against a position, close to the rear cover plate, in the limiting stop groove.

5. The limiting device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 3, wherein a hemisphere is arranged at one end of the push rod body, the one end of the push rod body extends into the control box through the push rod guide hole, so that the push rod body can horizontally move along the push rod guide hole, a hemisphere face long groove is arranged at a position, corresponding to the push rod body, on the surface of the limiting rod body, the hemisphere face long groove is in contact fit with the hemisphere, and a push rod connecting piece is arranged at the other end of the push rod body.

6. The limiting device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 5, wherein the push rod mechanism further comprises a pair of chain ring seats, a pair of eye ring bolts and a pair of chains, the pair of chain ring seats are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the push rod connecting piece, the pair of eye ring bolts are symmetrically arranged on the outer surface of the first side plate of the control box, two ends of each chain are respectively connected with one chain ring seat and the corresponding eye ring bolt, and the length of each chain is adjusted by adjusting the screwing depth of the eye ring bolts into the first side plate.

7. The limiting device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 5, wherein a pair of positioning pulleys is arranged in the control box and close to the push rod guide hole, and the push rod body extends into the space between the pair of positioning pulleys.

8. The limit device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 3, wherein an indication mark corresponding to each limit stop slot is arranged on the control panel, and the indication mark displays the opening degree of the bottom door;

when the operation limiting rod is positioned in the notch of the second side plate, the bottom door is in a full-open state; when the operation limiting rod is positioned in the limiting baffle groove, the bottom door is in a completely closed or partially closed state.

9. The limiting device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 5, wherein the bottom door opening and closing mechanism further comprises an air cylinder and a swing block, a piston rod of the air cylinder is coaxially arranged with the push rod body, the tail end of the piston rod is connected with the push rod connecting piece, two ends of the swing block are respectively connected with the piston rod and the transmission shaft, and the movement of the piston rod drives the push rod body to move horizontally and sequentially drives the swing block and the transmission shaft to rotate.

10. The limiting device for the hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the bottom door opening and closing mechanism further comprises a hand wheel, a speed reducer and a clutch, and the hand wheel, the speed reducer, the clutch and the transmission shaft are sequentially connected.

Images