CN212783685U

CN212783685U - Battery ventilation explosion-proof structure and battery pack

Info

Publication number: CN212783685U
Application number: CN202021663880.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王佳贤; 李斌
Original assignee: Microvast Power Systems Huzhou Co Ltd; Microvast Inc
Current assignee: Microvast Power Systems Huzhou Co Ltd; Microvast Holdings Inc
Priority date: 2020-08-11
Filing date: 2020-08-11
Publication date: 2021-03-23
Anticipated expiration: 2030-08-11

Abstract

The utility model provides a ventilative explosion-proof structure of battery, be in including casing, setting bleeder vent and setting on the casing are in breather valve in the bleeder vent, be equipped with explosion-proof mouthful on the casing, be equipped with air impermeable rupture membrane in the explosion-proof mouthful, the rupture membrane will explosion-proof mouthful seals. The utility model also provides a battery package.

Description

Battery ventilation explosion-proof structure and battery pack

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the battery technique and specifically relates to a ventilative explosion-proof structure of battery and battery package are related to.

Background

With the application and large-area popularization of electric automobiles, batteries are used as core parts of the electric automobiles, and higher requirements are put forward on the safety performance of the batteries.

Under the condition that the power battery system normally works, the temperature difference exists inside and outside the system, so that the air pressure inside and outside the system has deviation, and a waterproof ventilating structure is needed for air pressure balance. Meanwhile, when the battery core in the battery system is abnormal to cause thermal runaway, a large amount of gas can be generated, the internal pressure is sharply increased, and the risk of thermal runaway of the battery system exists.

The explosion-proof membrane with an explosion-proof structure in the market at present generally has a ventilation function, and the balance of the internal and external air pressure of the system is maintained through the ventilation function of the explosion-proof membrane under the condition that the power battery system normally works; when the system is abnormal, such as thermal runaway and the like, and pressure is required to be relieved, the rupture membrane is usually damaged by using a puncture structure or nick, so that the pressure relief function of the rupture membrane is realized. However, in the actual application process, the pressure relief speed of the explosion-proof structure is not ideal, and the effect of instantaneous rapid pressure relief cannot be achieved.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a ventilative explosion-proof structure of battery aims at solving the not enough of above-mentioned background art existence, has both had good ventilative function, can improve the quick pressure release ability of battery again.

The utility model provides a ventilative explosion-proof structure of battery, be in including casing, setting bleeder vent and setting on the casing are in breather valve in the bleeder vent, be equipped with explosion-proof mouthful on the casing, be equipped with air impermeable rupture membrane in the explosion-proof mouthful, the rupture membrane will explosion-proof mouthful seals.

As one mode, the area of the vent hole is smaller than that of the explosion-proof opening, and the number of the explosion-proof openings may be multiple.

Furthermore, a maintenance cover plate is arranged on the shell, and the explosion-proof port is arranged on the maintenance cover plate.

Further, the explosion-proof membrane is welded or bonded on the maintenance cover plate.

Furthermore, the air holes are formed in the maintenance cover plate, and the number of the air holes can be multiple.

Further, the outside of explosion-proof mouth is equipped with the guard shield, the surface of maintenance apron is equipped with the recess, the guard shield is installed in the recess, the guard shield is used for hiding the rupture membrane.

Further, the outside of explosion-proof mouth is equipped with the guard shield, the surface of casing is equipped with the recess, the guard shield is installed in the recess, the guard shield is used for hiding the rupture membrane.

Furthermore, the inner surface of the protective cover is provided with a plurality of mounting feet, a plurality of through holes are formed in the grooves corresponding to the positions of the mounting feet, and the mounting feet are correspondingly clamped in the through holes.

Further, the groove is matched with the size and the shape of the shield, and the shield is just embedded into the groove.

Furthermore, the material of the explosion-proof membrane is aluminum foil.

Further, the thickness of the explosion-proof membrane is 0.2-2 mm.

The utility model also provides a battery package, including above the ventilative explosion-proof construction of battery.

The utility model provides a ventilative explosion-proof structure of battery separates the ventilative structure of battery from explosion-proof structure, through set up the breather valve on the body, make the battery have good ventilative function in the normal use process, can adjust the ventilative volume of battery through changing the quantity of the breather valve at the same time, guarantee under the violent working condition, the battery can maintain the internal and external air pressure balance too; through setting up explosion vent on the casing, set up airtight rupture membrane in explosion vent simultaneously for rupture membrane can break under the unusual condition of battery, and the battery can release pressure fast, thereby realizes the explosion-proof function of battery, has improved the security performance of battery.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the battery ventilating explosion-proof structure directly arranged on the housing in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the battery ventilating explosion-proof structure arranged on the maintenance cover plate in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the maintenance cover plate according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.

As shown in fig. 1, the battery ventilation and explosion-proof structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 1, a ventilation hole 21 (the specific structure of the ventilation hole 21 refers to fig. 3 or fig. 4) disposed on the housing 1, and a ventilation valve 5 disposed in the ventilation hole 21; the shell 1 is also provided with an explosion-proof opening 24, an airtight explosion-proof membrane 3 is arranged in the explosion-proof opening 24, and the explosion-proof membrane 3 seals the explosion-proof opening 24. In the embodiment, the ventilation structure of the battery is formed by arranging the ventilation valve 5 on the shell 1; the explosion-proof structure of the battery is formed by arranging the explosion-proof opening 24 on the housing 1 and arranging the airtight explosion-proof film 3 in the explosion-proof opening 24, i.e. the ventilation structure of the battery is arranged separately from the explosion-proof structure. The area of the air holes 21 is smaller than that of the explosion-proof openings 24, and the number of the explosion-proof openings 24 can be multiple.

Further, a shield 4 is arranged outside the explosion-proof opening 24, a groove 22 is arranged on the outer surface of the shell 1 (the specific structure of the groove 22 is shown in fig. 3 or fig. 4), the shield 4 is arranged in the groove 22, and the shield 4 is used for covering the explosion-proof membrane 3.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, as an embodiment, the housing 1 is provided with a maintenance cover plate 2, and the explosion vent 24 is provided on the maintenance cover plate 2.

Further, the ventilation hole 21 is provided on the maintenance cover plate 2, and the ventilation valve 5 is provided in the ventilation hole 21.

As an embodiment, this embodiment all sets up the ventilative structure and the explosion-proof construction of battery on maintenance apron 2, the dismantlement and the change of the components and parts of being convenient for. Of course, the ventilation structure and the explosion-proof structure of the battery may be both disposed on the housing, or the ventilation structure may be disposed on the maintenance cover plate 2 and the explosion-proof structure may be disposed on the housing 1, or the ventilation structure may be disposed on the housing 1 and the explosion-proof structure may be disposed on the maintenance cover plate 2, which is not limited herein.

As an embodiment, the number of the vent holes 21 may be multiple, each vent hole 21 is provided with a vent valve 5, and the specific number of the vent holes 21 and the vent valves 5 may be set according to actual requirements, that is, the greater the number of the vent holes 21 and the vent valves 5 is, the greater the venting capacity of the battery is, in this embodiment, the two numbers of the vent holes 21 and the vent valves 5 are. The ventilation structure effectively increases the ventilation quantity of the battery, and ensures that the balance of the internal air pressure and the external air pressure can be maintained even under severe working conditions of the battery.

In one embodiment, the rupture disk 3 is welded or bonded to the maintenance cover 2, and the rupture disk 3 seals the explosion-proof opening 24 to perform a sealing function.

Further, a protective cover 4 is arranged outside the explosion-proof opening 24, a groove 22 is formed in the outer surface of the maintenance cover plate 2, the protective cover 4 is installed in the groove 22, and the protective cover 4 is used for covering the explosion-proof film 3.

Further, the inner surface of the shield 4 is provided with a plurality of mounting legs 41, a plurality of through holes 23 are provided in the groove 22 at positions corresponding to the plurality of mounting legs 41, and the plurality of mounting legs 41 are correspondingly snapped into the plurality of through holes 23.

In one embodiment, the number of the mounting feet 41 is three or four. In this embodiment, the quantity of installation foot 41 is four, correspondingly, the quantity of through-hole 23 is also four, installation foot 41 and through-hole 23 transition fit or interference fit, make a plurality of installation feet 41 correspond the joint in a plurality of through-holes 23, thereby make and closely laminate between guard shield 4 and the maintenance apron 2, guarantee that guard shield 4 can not drop easily from recess 22, can effectively cover explosion vent 24, prevent that rupture membrane 3 from being destroyed by external foreign matter, play good dustproof effect simultaneously. Meanwhile, under the condition that the battery is abnormal, the explosion-proof membrane can be pushed open the protective cover after being broken, and the rapid pressure relief of the battery is realized, so that the balance of the internal and external pressure difference of the battery is ensured.

Further, the recess 22 matches the size and shape of the shield 4, and the shield 4 is just embedded in the recess 22.

A battery system is sealed in the shell 1, and under the condition that the battery system works normally, the temperature difference exists between the inside and the outside of the battery, so that the air pressure inside and outside the battery has deviation, and at the moment, a waterproof and breathable structure is needed for air pressure balance; when the battery core inside the battery system appears abnormal and causes thermal runaway, a large amount of gas can be generated, the internal pressure of the battery sharply rises, the risk of thermal runaway of the battery system exists, and the battery needs to be rapidly decompressed at the moment so as to prevent the battery from exploding due to overlarge internal pressure.

In the prior art, an explosion-proof membrane is generally arranged on a shell, the explosion-proof membrane generally has a ventilation function, and the balance of the internal and external air pressures of a battery is maintained through the ventilation function of the explosion-proof membrane under the condition that a battery system normally works; when the battery system is abnormal and needs to be quickly decompressed, the explosion-proof membrane is usually damaged by a puncture structure or nicks, so that the decompression function of the explosion-proof membrane is realized, but the explosion-proof membrane cannot achieve the effect of quick decompression in actual application.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a ventilative explosion-proof structure of battery separates the ventilative structure and the quick pressure release structure of battery, through set up the breather valve 5 in bleeder vent 21, makes the battery have good ventilative function in the normal use process, adjusts the ventilative volume of battery through adjusting the quantity of bleeder vent 21 and breather valve 5 simultaneously, guarantees that under violent operating mode, the battery also can maintain inside and outside atmospheric pressure balanced; through set up airtight rupture membrane 3 in the explosion vent 24 of maintenance apron 2, the guard shield 4 is set up again in the outside for rupture membrane 3 can break and back open guard shield 4 under the unusual condition of battery, realizes the quick pressure release of battery, and guard shield 4 can prevent the destruction of foreign matter to rupture membrane 3 simultaneously, has improved the security performance of battery.

In one embodiment, the material of the rupture membrane 3 is aluminum foil, and the thickness of the rupture membrane 3 is 0.2-2 mm. Different thicknesses of the explosion-proof membrane 3 can be selected according to different explosion-proof pressures and sizes of the explosion-proof openings 24, and meanwhile, when the shell 1 is subjected to an airtight test, the vent valve 5 is not damaged, namely if the explosion-proof membrane 3 is too thick, the explosion-proof membrane 3 is not broken when the pressure in the battery is too high, so that the pressure can only be released from the vent valve 5, and at the moment, the vent valve 5 can be damaged, and meanwhile, the effect of quickly releasing the pressure cannot be achieved; if the explosion-proof membrane 3 is too thin, the explosion-proof membrane 3 is ruptured when the pressure in the battery is slightly excessive, failing to achieve the intended effect, and the material cost of the explosion-proof membrane 3 is increased.

Compared with other explosion-proof membranes in the prior art, the explosion-proof membrane 3 in the embodiment has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. Simultaneously, this embodiment compares with other prior art, because the ventilative structure of battery separates with quick pressure release structure in this embodiment, so the area of explosion-proof mouth 24 can set up bigger as required, has increased explosion-proof mouth 24's area promptly, has strengthened the quick pressure release ability of battery.

In one embodiment, the material of the cover 4 is PP (polypropylene), PET (polyester resin) or ABS (terpolymer of three monomers, acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene). PP, PET and ABS not only have higher strength and hardness, but also have good heat resistance and corrosion resistance.

As an implementation mode, the vent valve 5 and the vent hole 21 are fixed in a clamping mode, the vent valve 5 is clamped on the maintenance cover plate 2 through a buckle, and meanwhile, the maintenance cover plate 2 is provided with a chamfer angle for guiding the vent valve 5 to be installed conveniently.

As an embodiment, the maintenance cover 2 is fixed to the housing 1 by screwing.

As an implementation manner, in the present embodiment, the maintenance cover plate 2 is in a strip shape, the explosion-proof opening 24 is disposed at a middle position of the maintenance cover plate 2, and the number of the air holes 21 is two and disposed at two ends of the maintenance cover plate 2 respectively.

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment further provides a battery pack, where the battery pack includes the above-mentioned housing 1, a battery cell (not shown) is disposed in the housing 1, and the housing 1 is provided with a ventilation structure and an explosion-proof structure, so as to improve ventilation and explosion-proof effects of the battery pack, thereby protecting the stability of the battery cell in use and improving the safety performance of the battery pack.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a ventilative explosion-proof construction of battery's advantage lies in:

1. the utility model separates the ventilating structure and the explosion-proof structure of the battery, and keeps the pressure inside and outside the battery balanced through the ventilating valve 5 when the battery is normally used; when the battery is out of control due to heat, the explosion-proof membrane 3 is broken to quickly release pressure, so that explosion caused by overlarge pressure in the battery is prevented, and the safety performance of the battery is improved;

2. compared with other prior art, the utility model has the advantages that the area of the explosion-proof opening 24 is larger, the rapid pressure relief capacity of the battery is improved, and the risk of thermal runaway is reduced;

3. the explosion-proof membrane 3 in the embodiment has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture, lower cost and convenient installation;

4. this embodiment will breathe freely the structure and set up on maintenance apron 2 with explosion-proof structure, convenient to detach changes.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The battery ventilation explosion-proof structure is characterized by comprising a shell (1), a ventilation hole (21) arranged on the shell (1) and a ventilation valve (5) arranged in the ventilation hole (21); still be equipped with explosion-proof mouth (24) on casing (1), be equipped with airtight rupture membrane (3) in explosion-proof mouth (24), rupture membrane (3) will explosion-proof mouth (24) seal.

2. The battery venting explosion-proof structure as set forth in claim 1, wherein the area of the venting hole (21) is smaller than the area of the explosion-proof vent (24).

3. The battery ventilation and explosion-proof structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the housing (1) is provided with a maintenance cover plate (2), and the explosion-proof port (24) is arranged on the maintenance cover plate (2).

4. The battery venting explosion-proof structure as set forth in claim 3, wherein the explosion-proof membrane (3) is welded or bonded to the service cover plate (2).

5. The battery venting explosion-proof structure as set forth in claim 3, wherein the venting hole (21) is provided on the service cover plate (2).

6. The battery ventilation and explosion-proof structure of claim 3, wherein a shield (4) is arranged outside the explosion-proof opening (24), a groove (22) is arranged on the outer surface of the maintenance cover plate (2), the shield (4) is installed in the groove (22), and the shield (4) is used for covering the explosion-proof membrane (3).

7. The battery ventilation and explosion-proof structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein a shield (4) is arranged outside the explosion-proof opening (24), a groove (22) is arranged on the outer surface of the shell (1), the shield (4) is installed in the groove (22), and the shield (4) is used for covering the explosion-proof membrane (3).

8. The battery ventilation and explosion-proof structure as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein the inner surface of the shield (4) is provided with a plurality of mounting feet (41), the groove (22) is provided with a plurality of through holes (23) corresponding to the plurality of mounting feet (41), and the plurality of mounting feet (41) are correspondingly clamped into the plurality of through holes (23).

9. The battery venting explosion-proof structure as set forth in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the explosion-proof membrane (3) is 0.2-2 mm.

10. A battery pack comprising the battery gas permeable and explosion proof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.