CN212752617U - Underwater sound transducer for realizing underwater broadband collimation - Google Patents
Underwater sound transducer for realizing underwater broadband collimation Download PDFInfo
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- CN212752617U CN212752617U CN202021743168.9U CN202021743168U CN212752617U CN 212752617 U CN212752617 U CN 212752617U CN 202021743168 U CN202021743168 U CN 202021743168U CN 212752617 U CN212752617 U CN 212752617U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an underwater acoustic transducer for realizing underwater broadband collimation, which comprises a cylindrical base with a solid structure, wherein the base is connected with a corresponding transmitting transducer, and the upper end surface of the cylindrical base is provided with a plurality of ring transduction arrays towards a radial annular array by the circle center; the transduction array and the cylindrical base are made of metamaterials, each ring of the transduction array comprises a plurality of transduction mechanisms, and the structures of the transduction mechanisms in the same ring are the same; the energy conversion mechanism is of a solid conical structure, the radius of the bottom circular surface of the energy conversion mechanism is gradually increased from the upper end surface of the cylindrical base to the radial direction by the circle center of the cylindrical base, and all the energy conversion mechanisms are arranged on the bottom circular surface of the cylindrical baseThe height of the energy conversion mechanisms is the same; the number of the transduction mechanisms for defining the transduction array of the ith ring is Ni，NiAnd x is any one of natural numbers from 5 to 7.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an underwater acoustic transduction field specifically indicates to have an underwater acoustic transducer who realizes the broadband collimation under water.
Background
The underwater acoustic transducer is widely applied to the fields of underwater target detection, underwater communication and the like, but the underwater acoustic transducer which is actually applied has the following defects: (1) in order to match the impedance between the piezoelectric material and the working medium water, the conventional underwater acoustic transducer usually adopts a quarter-wave matching layer, thereby causing a narrow-band effect. And due to the discontinuity and the singleness of the acoustic impedance of the single-layer matching layer material, the sound wave can not be completely transmitted, and part of the sound energy is still reflected to cause the sound intensity attenuation of the transmitted sound wave. (2) The propagation of sound waves in water causes the beam angle to expand due to diffraction limit, resulting in energy spread. In underwater acoustic testing, however, underwater acoustic detection devices that have broadband performance and are capable of emitting collimated acoustic beams are often required.
The problem to the aforesaid prior art exists designs an underwater sound transducer who realizes broadband collimation under water and is the utility model discloses the purpose of research.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, the utility model provides a realize underwater acoustic transducer of broadband collimation under water can effectively solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists.
The technical scheme of the utility model is that:
an underwater sound transducer for realizing underwater broadband collimation comprises a cylindrical base with a solid structure, wherein the base is connected with a corresponding transmitting transducer,
the upper end surface of the cylindrical base is provided with a plurality of ring transduction arrays towards the radial annular array by the circle center;
the transduction array and the cylindrical base are made of metamaterials, each ring of the transduction array comprises a plurality of transduction mechanisms, and the structures of the transduction mechanisms in the same ring are the same;
the radius of the bottom circular surface of the transduction mechanism is gradually increased from the upper end surface of the cylindrical base to the radial direction by the circle center, and the heights of all the transduction mechanisms are the same;
the number of the transduction mechanisms for defining the transduction array of the ith ring is Ni，NiAnd x is any one of natural numbers from 5 to 7.
Specifically, the wavelength of the radiated sound wave of the transmitting transducer in water is defined as lambda, and the lattice constant a of the transducer array is 0.1 lambda-0.11 lambda.
Specifically, the radius of the radiation surface of the transmitting transducer is defined as R, the number of rings of the transduction array is defined as m,
and rounding up.
Specifically, the radius corresponding to the transduction array of the ith ring is defined as riDefining the equivalent refractive index of the transduction mechanism corresponding to the ith ring transduction array as ni，
The radius of the cylindrical base is 8-12mm larger than the radius of the radiation surface of the transmitting transducer.
Specifically, the wavelength of the radiated sound wave of the transmitting transducer in water is defined as lambda, and the height of the cylindrical base is 1/10 lambda-1/8 lambda.
Specifically, the wavelength of the radiated sound wave of the transmitting transducer in water is defined as λ, and the height of the transducer mechanism is defined as h, h being 0.5 λ.
The transducer array and the cylindrical base are made of a photosensitive resin material.
Specifically, the speed of sound in water is defined as c, the transmitting frequency of the transmitting transducer is defined as f, and the ring spacing of the transduction array is defined as y, wherein y is 0.09 lambda-0.11 lambda.
Accordingly, the present invention provides the following effects and/or advantages:
the utility model discloses a base to and set up a plurality of ring transduction arrays on the base, through ring number, the interannular distance of transduction array, and concrete characteristics such as the height of transduction mechanism, quantity, lattice constant a, the transduction array makes the beam angle of transducer diminish with radial inhomogeneous distribution in the axial, forms the collimation acoustic beam, and conical array makes the acoustic impedance on matching layer have the broadband characteristic of gradient gradual change in the axial.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description of the present invention are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 2.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating finite element calculations for a corresponding performance of beam angle adjustment according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a simulation calculation result of the width of the broadband acoustic beam according to the present invention in the first embodiment.
Fig. 6 is an experimental schematic diagram of underwater directivity measurement according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a graph showing an experimental result of the underwater directivity measurement according to the first embodiment.
Detailed Description
To facilitate understanding of those skilled in the art, the structure of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the following examples:
referring to fig. 1-3, an underwater acoustic transducer device for realizing underwater broadband collimation comprises a cylindrical base with a solid structure, the base is connected with a corresponding transmitting transducer,
the upper end surface of the cylindrical base is provided with a plurality of ring transduction arrays towards the radial annular array by the circle center;
the transduction array and the cylindrical base are made of metamaterials, each ring of the transduction array comprises a plurality of transduction mechanisms, and the structures of the transduction mechanisms in the same ring are the same;
the radius of the bottom circular surface of the transduction mechanism is gradually increased from the upper end surface of the cylindrical base to the radial direction by the circle center, and the heights of all the transduction mechanisms are the same;
the number of the transduction mechanisms for defining the transduction array of the ith ring is Ni，NiAnd x is any one of natural numbers from 5 to 7.
Specifically, the wavelength of the radiated sound wave of the transmitting transducer in water is defined as lambda, and the lattice constant a of the transducer array is 0.1 lambda-0.11 lambda.
Specifically, the radius of the radiation surface of the transmitting transducer is defined as R, the number of rings of the transduction array is defined as m,
and rounding up.
Specifically, the radius corresponding to the transduction array of the ith ring is defined as riDefining the equivalent refractive index of the transduction mechanism corresponding to the ith ring transduction array as ni，
The radius of the cylindrical base is 8-12mm larger than the radius of the radiation surface of the transmitting transducer.
Specifically, the wavelength of the radiated sound wave of the transmitting transducer in water is defined as lambda, and the height of the cylindrical base is 1/10 lambda-1/8 lambda.
Specifically, the wavelength of the radiated sound wave of the transmitting transducer in water is defined as λ, and the height of the transducer mechanism is defined as h, h being 0.5 λ.
The transducer array and the cylindrical base are made of a photosensitive resin material.
Specifically, the speed of sound in water is defined as c, the transmitting frequency of the transmitting transducer is defined as f, and the ring spacing of the transduction array is defined as y, wherein y is 0.09 lambda-0.11 lambda.
Example one
In this embodiment, an Echosounder underwater transmitting transducer is adopted, the central transmitting frequency f of the transmitting transducer is 38kHz, the radius R of the radiating surface of the transmitting transducer is 130mm, the wavelength λ of the radiated sound wave of the transmitting transducer in water is 0.039m, and the sound velocity c is 1483 m/s.
An underwater sound transducer for realizing underwater broadband collimation comprises a cylindrical base with a solid structure, wherein the base is connected with a corresponding transmitting transducer,
the upper end surface of the cylindrical base is provided with a plurality of ring transduction arrays towards the radial annular array by the circle center; and the embodiment utilizes 3D printing to integrally form the base and the transducer array through the photosensitive resin material ABS.
Specifically, the wavelength of the radiated sound wave of the transmitting transducer in water is defined as lambda, the height of the cylindrical base is 5mm, the radius of the cylindrical base is 10mm larger than the radius of the radiating surface of the transmitting transducer, and the radius of the cylindrical base is 140 mm.
Each ring of the transduction array comprises a plurality of transduction mechanisms, and the transduction mechanisms of the same ring have the same structure;
specifically, the lattice constant a of the transduction array is 4 mm. Number of rings of the transducing array
Rounded upward, in this example, the number of rings m is 33 rings. The ring spacing y of the transduction array is 0.09 lambda-0.11 lambda, and in the embodiment, y is 4 mm.
The radius of the bottom circular surface of the transduction mechanism is gradually increased from the upper end surface of the cylindrical base to the radial direction by the circle center, and the heights of all the transduction mechanisms are the same;
specifically, the radius corresponding to the transduction array of the ith ring is defined as riThe radius r of the ith ring is determined by the ring distance y being 4mmi＝i*4mm。
Defining the radius corresponding to the transduction array of the ith ring as riDefining the equivalent refractive index of the transduction mechanism corresponding to the ith ring transduction array as ni，
The height h of the transduction mechanism is 20 mm. And, by the equivalent refractive index niThe radius of the bottom surface of each ring transducer can be calculated, specifically, the radius of the bottom circular surface of the transducer from layer 1 to layer 33 is 0.0005mm,0.0041mm,0.0140mm,0.0332mm,0.0648mm, 0.1118mm,0.1768mm,0.2621mm,0.3682mm,0.4940mm,0.6351mm,0.7843mm,0.9322mm, 1.0694mm,1.1892mm,1.2885mm,1.3675mm,1.4285mm,1.4748mm,1.5095mm,1.5355mm, 1.5550mm,1.5696mm,1.5807mm,1.5891mm,1.5955mm,1.6005mm,1.6044mm,1.6074mm, 1.6098mm,1.6117mm,1.6132 mm.
The number of the transduction mechanisms for defining the transduction array of the ith ring is Ni，NiX is 6. Specifically, the number of loops 1 is 6, the number of loops 2 is 12, the number of loops 3 is 18 …, and so on.
Further, be provided with the ring that is used for inlaying the base in the bottom of base in this embodiment, the ring cup joints in the bottom of base.
Results of the experiment
According to the underwater acoustic transducer device manufactured in the first embodiment, a two-dimensional cross-sectional finite element model of the model composite gradient impedance matcher manufactured in the first embodiment is established, as shown in fig. 4. According to calculation, plane waves can form directional collimated sound beams under the frequency range of 30k-100 k. The figure shows the sound intensity field at 38 kHz. It can be seen that the plane wave passes through the designed underwater broadband acoustic collimation metamaterial matching layer, acoustic collimation can be formed, and the angular width of the acoustic beam is greatly reduced.
Referring to fig. 5, the calculated beam width is within 14 ° in the frequency band range of 30-100 kHz.
The echo sounder is regarded as a plane sound source, a transmitting transducer transmits low-frequency sound waves, the phase distribution of the sound waves is changed through a designed conical array after the low-frequency sound waves pass through a single-layer thin cylindrical supporting structure, sound beam regulation is carried out, and a hydrophone receives sound signals. The corresponding amplitude is obtained according to different moving azimuth angles by moving the angle of the receiving transducer, and the directivity of the transmitting transducer after passing through the structure is obtained. Referring to fig. 6, the measurement was performed at a distance of 1m from the center of the transmitting face of the Echosounder transducer at a transmitting frequency of 38kHz, and the measurement angle was in the range of 0 ° to 180 °. Referring to fig. 7, the sound pressure amplitudes measured for the present configuration were plotted normalized. Under 38kHz acoustic excitation, experimental results show that the beam width of the Echosounder plus the structure is about 8 degrees, which is smaller than the beam width of the Echosounder per se, which is 10 degrees. In addition, the beam width on traditional bugle type matching layer is about 13, proves the utility model discloses can effectively reduce the beam width of transducer really to can guarantee that the underwater acoustic detector can reduce the surface of water and submarine back wave and disturb, realize longer distance's acoustics under water and detect and survey the function.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all the equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should belong to the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An underwater sound transducer for realizing underwater broadband collimation, which comprises a cylindrical pedestal with a solid structure, wherein the pedestal is connected with a corresponding transmitting transducer, and is characterized in that:
the upper end surface of the cylindrical base is provided with a plurality of ring transduction arrays towards the radial annular array by the circle center;
the transduction array and the cylindrical base are made of metamaterials, each ring of the transduction array comprises a plurality of transduction mechanisms, and the structures of the transduction mechanisms in the same ring are the same;
the transduction mechanism is of a solid conical structure, the radius of the bottom circular surface of the transduction mechanism is gradually increased from the upper end surface of the cylindrical base to the radial direction through the circle center, the heights of all the transduction mechanisms are the same, the wavelength of the radiation sound wave of the transmitting transducer in water is defined as lambda, the lattice constant a of the transduction array is 0.1 lambda-0.11 lambda, and the radius corresponding to the transduction array of the ith ring is defined as riDefining the equivalent refractive index of the transduction mechanism corresponding to the ith ring transduction array as ni，
Defining the transduction array in the ith ringThe number of the energy conversion mechanisms is Ni，NiAnd x is any one of natural numbers from 5 to 7.
2. The underwater acoustic transducer device for realizing underwater broadband collimation according to claim 1, wherein: the radius of the radiation surface of the transmitting transducer is defined as R, the ring number of the transduction array is defined as m,
and rounding up.
3. The underwater acoustic transducer device for realizing underwater broadband collimation according to claim 1, wherein: x is 6.
4. The underwater acoustic transducer device for realizing underwater broadband collimation according to claim 1, wherein: the radius of the cylindrical base is 8-12mm larger than the radius of the radiation surface of the transmitting transducer.
5. The underwater acoustic transducer device for realizing underwater broadband collimation according to claim 1, wherein: the wavelength of the radiated sound wave of the transmitting transducer in water is defined as lambda, and the height of the cylindrical base is 1/10 lambda-1/8 lambda.
6. The underwater acoustic transducer device for realizing underwater broadband collimation according to claim 1, wherein: the wavelength of the radiated sound wave of the transmitting transducer in water is defined as lambda, and the height of the transduction mechanism is defined as h, wherein h is 0.5 lambda-0.6 lambda.
7. The underwater acoustic transducer device for realizing underwater broadband collimation according to claim 1, wherein: the transducer array and the cylindrical base are made of a photosensitive resin material.
8. The underwater acoustic transducer device for realizing underwater broadband collimation according to claim 1, wherein: the speed of sound in water is defined as c, the transmitting frequency of the transmitting transducer is defined as f, and the ring spacing of the transduction array is defined as y, wherein y is 0.09 lambda-0.11 lambda.
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| CN112004176A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-27 | 厦门大学 | Underwater sound transducer for realizing underwater broadband collimation |
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| CN112004176A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-27 | 厦门大学 | Underwater sound transducer for realizing underwater broadband collimation |
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