CN212752075U - Wedge-shaped iron core integral cutting tool - Google Patents
Wedge-shaped iron core integral cutting tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN212752075U CN212752075U CN202021737054.3U CN202021737054U CN212752075U CN 212752075 U CN212752075 U CN 212752075U CN 202021737054 U CN202021737054 U CN 202021737054U CN 212752075 U CN212752075 U CN 212752075U
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a wedge iron core integral cutting frock and method, the frock includes: work or material rest, graduated disk and fixing base. The cutting method comprises the following steps: 1. and laminating a plurality of blanks, gluing, bonding and fixing the blanks at the planned iron core, compacting the firmly bonded laminated blanks, and welding the compacted blanks into blocks. 2. Cutting the rough material laminated block obtained in the previous step into a to-be-processed laminated block which accords with the outline of a clamping station of the overall cutting tool of the wedge-shaped iron core; 3. positioning the inclined plane where the tooth length of the iron core is located, and arranging positioning holes on two sides, which penetrate through the to-be-processed stacked block, on the corresponding inclined planes outside the iron core area; 4. clamping the stacked block to be processed obtained in the previous step on a wedge-shaped iron core integral cutting tool, rotating the index plate in the forward direction according to the angle of the inclined plane, and performing first inclined plane routing cutting from the positioning hole at the end of the inclined plane; 5. and based on the clamping in the previous step, reversely rotating the index plate according to the angle of twice the inclined plane, and cutting the end surface of the pole shoe of the iron core block and the second inclined plane from the positioning hole at the end of the inclined plane.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a technical field such as disc motor is with wedge iron core's contour machining technique especially relates to wedge iron core integral cutting frock and method.
Background
The magnetic circuit of the magnet yoke-free disc type motor is different from that of the traditional disc type motor, the rotor with different upper and lower polarities directly passes through the stator straightly, and deflection is generated in the back iron of the rotor so as to achieve the effect of closing magnetic lines. The power density of such machines is very high compared to conventional machines, typically reaching 5-13 kW/kg. Due to the unicity of the magnetic path direction of the stator core, the stator core can be made of transformer materials, namely anisotropic magnetic materials with better magnetic property, such as oriented silicon steel sheets which are laminated, and the excellent magnetic property can be provided for the whole motor system through the obviously superior magnetic property shown in the rolling direction. The design of the yokeless disc motor is mainly and difficultly fixed by a discrete wedge-shaped stator core, and the concentricity and good heat conduction property of the discrete wedge-shaped stator core need to be ensured. However, in the design of the motor system, a common language of 'three-phase power supply and seven-phase power supply' exists, the emphasized design importance only accounts for about 30% of the realization difficulty of the whole project, more important is the processing technology, and the popularization of the motor in China is mainly limited by the processing technology.
For the disc type motor, the processing technical difficulty is mainly focused on the wedge-shaped iron core processing technology, and the foreign small-batch volume production design aims at reducing the processing complexity, so that a powder metallurgy soft magnetic material with poorer magnetic property is selected, the processing property is ensured by sacrificing the magnetic property, and the specific solution can refer to the patents of YASA company entering China, the patent number is CN201480050285.8, and the patent name is pole piece bonding.
For the wedge-shaped iron core formed by laminating the oriented silicon steel, although the magnetic performance of the wedge-shaped iron core is obviously higher than that of an SMC powder metallurgy soft magnetic material, the wedge-shaped iron core is processed by utilizing the traditional processing technology, single pieces with different sizes need to be cut, the single pieces are laminated, the production technology is complex, and the cost is overhigh.
The oriented silicon steel is mainly formed by adopting wire cutting processing, in particular to an electric spark wire cutting technology. The principle of wire electrical discharge machining is that free positive ions and electrons accumulate in a field, and an ionized conductive channel is formed quickly. At this stage, current is formed between the two plates, resulting in numerous collisions between particles, forming a plasma, forming an arc discharge, the core temperature rapidly rises to a high temperature of 8000 to 12000 deg.C, and the material is instantaneously vaporized on the surfaces of the two conductors. Then the current is interrupted, the temperature is suddenly reduced, the bubbles are caused to explode inwards, the generated power throws out the dissolved substances, and the vaporized materials are condensed into small balls in the cooling dielectric liquid and are discharged by the dielectric liquid.
The existing wire cutting machines can be divided into a fast wire cutting machine, a slow wire cutting machine and a vertical self-rotating wire cutting machine according to the wire moving speed. For the fast-moving wire, only a taper head is added on the fast-moving wire to cut a slope, but the maximum angle of rotation of the fast-moving wire is only 1.5 degrees, and the task of cutting a large-angle slope by some users cannot be met. If the wire cutting machine is replaced by a slow-running wire cutting machine, the cost is greatly increased.
The silicon steel sheet needs to utilize the frock to carry out clamping and location in carrying out the wire-electrode cutting process, and to current silicon steel frock, the effect that its played only presss from both sides tightly fixed to and the positioning action.
Because the existing domestic model machine development stage of the novel motor (disc motor) is only in the domestic, manufacturers with high-cost and high-precision equipment such as large slow-walking wire cutting are few, and the order cost loss of small-batch model machine processing is higher, so that no domestic large-scale suppliers try technical research in the direction, the technology can only carry out research and development theoretical discussion among colleges and universities, the conversion process of the research and development of the industry is difficult to complete, and the phenomenon can also aggravate the gap of the domestic and foreign industry technologies.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
As is known, the cutting inclined plane of the fast wire cutting machine needs to be additionally provided with a taper head, the maximum cutting angle is only 1.5 degrees, and the working requirement of a user for cutting the large-angle inclined plane cannot be met.
In order to solve the production problem of the bottleneck type prototype, a novel integral cutting technology of a wedge-shaped iron core of a single-axis fast-wire-moving wire cutting machine, which can greatly reduce the cost and use low cost, is summarized through the improvement of the previous high-cost processing mode, and the problem that laminated silicon steel sheets cut two inclined planes with different inclination angles by using the single-axis fast-wire-moving machine can be solved.
Specifically, the utility model discloses scheme a wedge iron core integral cutting frock:
the whole frock divide into graduated disk, worker's work or material frame and fixing base three.
The whole profile of the work and material frame is approximate to a square shape, specifically, a right-angle U shape formed by three side edge parts is formed, an end cover is installed at the opening, and the end cover can be fixed on the work and material frame through a fastening piece. Therefore, the three side parts and the end covers define a clamping station for clamping the oriented silicon steel sheet stacked block.
Specifically, the three side portions are implemented as: a first side edge part which is clamped relatively to the cover plate, and two second side edge parts which are clamped relatively to each other due to the positions.
In order to facilitate clamping and fixing, a series of positioning structures are arranged in a clamping station:
for example, a key groove is implemented on the first side edge, and two key grooves are vertically arranged on the first side edge; the second side edge portion is implemented as a step formed at a lower edge position of the second side edge portion and a slide table disposed at an upper side of the step.
A fixed seat or an index plate is correspondingly installed on the outer side surface of the second side edge part:
the second side edge parts on two sides respectively correspond to the fixed seat or the index plate, and the fixed seat and the index plate keep the same rotation axis because the tool frame is required to have stable overturning capacity. The position of the rotation center relative to the second side edge can be any, but obviously, the rotation center at the central point of the second side edge part is more stable and is more beneficial to the turnover change in the linear cutting.
Specifically, the second side edge portion on one side of the work material frame is matched with the dividing plate through a circular shaft through a hole formed in the center of the second side edge portion, and two square shafts are arranged on two sides of the circular shaft and matched with the circular shaft. The second side edge part of the other side is matched and installed through a fixed shaft on the fixed frame, a disc is coaxially fixed on the fixed shaft, and the disc is connected with the work material frame through two square shafts arranged on two sides of the fixed shaft, so that the work material frame rotates according to a certain angle.
Therefore, the work material frame is connected with the dividing plate through a round shaft, so that the work material frame rotates around the axis of the dividing plate in the rotating process, and meanwhile, the two square shafts between the work material frame and the dividing plate play a role in fixing and prevent the work material frame from continuously sliding in the rotating process to ensure the precision. The fixed shaft and the two square shafts on the other side of the work and material frame ensure that the work and material frame does rotary motion and can share part of stress to prolong the service life of the tool.
Based on foretell frock structure, the utility model discloses in still further record a cutting method according to the whole cutting frock of above-mentioned wedge iron core.
For the wedge-shaped iron core formed by laminating the oriented silicon steel, the wedge-shaped iron core is processed by the traditional processing technology, and then the wedge-shaped iron core needs to be cut into single pieces with different sizes, and the single piece is laminated, so that the production technology is complex, and the cost is overhigh. Utilize the utility model provides a frock structure can be with the whole cutting shaping of the orientation silicon steel sheet after range upon range of fixed, does not receive the restriction to cutting inclination in the cutting of walking soon moreover.
The utility model discloses the frock has utilized the index plate can be with the characteristic of specific angle rotation to realize the excision on inclined plane and handle single silicon steel point glue along specific orbit point before the cutting, in order to accomplish whole cutting. The production is completed by a single-shaft fast-wire-moving linear cutting machine tool with lower cost, if the machine tool is changed into a slow-wire-moving machine tool, the cutting can be completed without an auxiliary positioning tool, but the cost is increased by geometric times.
Further, the cutting method comprises the following specific steps:
1. the processing initial material is silicon steel coil, and the silicon steel coil is cut into blanks and is overlapped and welded into blocks. In the laminating process, gluing treatment can be performed along the linear direction formed by connecting the core parts of the iron cores preliminarily according to a drawing, the gluing needs to control the using amount and the coating area of the glue, so that the thickness of the laminated block is not affected, the glue does not overflow from the edge to be cut along the wedge-shaped iron core, and the required conductivity of wire cutting is affected. The control of the coating amount is generally embodied in the coating thickness, which should be controlled within 1-3 μm because the layer insulation thickness of the general oriented steel is 1-3 μm.
2. And cutting the laminated silicon steel block into a whole line, and cutting out a key groove for positioning the tool and a neat outer contour. At the moment, because the blanks are coated with glue during laminating, the whole silicon steel block cannot be scattered into a single sheet. And after the integral cutting is finished, putting the cut intermediate square stock into a tool.
3. According to the digifax that sends for the wire-electrode cutting equipment, rotate the required inclination of iron core inclined plane in order to accomplish the cutting of inclined plane through the operation graduated disk according to the positive direction, the cutting of the orbit of first inclined plane can be accomplished to this time slope, because cut out a closed area has not been accomplished, and the rubber coating bonds between the silicon steel sheet, and solid silicon steel piece still can not scatter.
4. After the track cutting of the first inclined plane is completed, the position of the tooling is unchanged, and the index plate is rotated in the negative direction by a double inclination angle (namely, the inclination angle operated in the step 3). And then finishing the routing cutting of the end surface of the pole shoe of the iron core block and the second inclined plane track according to the contour track of the iron core in the digital analog, thereby realizing the closed cutting of the integral track of the iron core.
5. Because the existence of injecting glue consequently the iron core after the cutting still can not scatter, the edge probably has slight warpage, and this problem can have the pressure equipment embedment after the wire winding to solve, does not constitute the influence to the wholeness ability.
In the above steps, it should be noted that the overall cutting of the profile of the iron core needs to be performed step by step in step 3 and step 4 after the square stock described in step 2 is cut once, which is specifically to avoid the problem that when the end face of the pole shoe of the stator core block is cut due to a positioning accuracy difference, the closed positions of the two cutting tracks are difficult to align due to a small difference, so that a fine boss is generated, and further the spatial distribution of the air-gap magnetic field is affected.
In addition, because the tooling needs to rotate when the step-by-step cutting is performed in the step 3 and the step 4, and after the dividing plate rotates, the wiring position can generate certain displacement on the upper surface of the square cutting material due to rotation, which can affect the positioning of the wire cutting threading position. Therefore, the tooling should be used to punch the positioning holes in advance corresponding to the inclined plane to be cut outside the iron core area. The positioning holes can be opened to the positions of the two ends of the iron core and serve as initial points of cutting routing tracks for initial positioning mainly due to the fact that angles of inclined planes on the two sides are different.
The displacement of the position of the linear running line on the upper surface of the silicon steel sheet laminated block caused by the rotation of the indexing disc can be obtained by calculating the rotation angle of the indexing disc and the thickness of the iron core block after one-time cutting, and the calculated value can be used for positioning correction or deviation correction.
Preferably, in the process of the tool, two sliding grooves and two steps need to be cut out of two opposite surfaces of the workpiece when the square material in the step 2 is cut once, and a key groove needs to be cut out of one end surface of the workpiece, and the structures can be used for clamping and fixing the silicon steel so as to ensure that the central axis of the silicon steel is not changed, thereby achieving the positioning effect on the silicon steel and improving the precision of linear cutting.
Preferably, the tool is used for iron core wire cutting, and a plurality of iron cores can be cut on the same blank material at the same time. Through rational planning of the iron core position and the routing path, the effect of cutting a plurality of iron cores with the same size or cutting a plurality of iron cores with different sizes in a mixed mode can be achieved.
Because the size of the blank is determined according to the tool, the size of the motor (the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the stator) required to be used determines how many wedge-shaped iron core stator blocks can be cut out of one blank. If the size of the motor is large, the size of the wedge-shaped iron core is large, and the maximum size of the cuttable iron core is not larger than the total size of the wool; if the size of the motor is small, the size of the wedge-shaped iron core is small, and a plurality of wedge-shaped iron cores can be cut out from one blank.
No matter which cutting requirement is based on, the tool and the cutting method are particularly convenient to use for forming, only the angle of the tool needs to be adjusted, the first inclined plane track cutting is carried out on the blanks which are bonded and fixed in a laminated mode, and the second inclined plane track cutting is carried out after the angle of the blanks is adjusted reversely through the tool. And finally forming the wedge-shaped iron core by controlling the positioning and cutting precision.
The utility model discloses the advantage of method is: the integral cutting technology can complete integral cutting of different stator wedge-shaped iron cores carried by the motor through the design of a rotatable tool. Finally, the low-cost processing of the motor stator wedge-shaped iron core with different outer diameters and different pole slot matching is realized, and the production cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings and examples:
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a wedge-shaped iron core integral cutting tool;
fig. 2 is a perspective view of a wedge-shaped iron core finished product processed by the tool and the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of gluing traces of gluing during blank lamination;
FIG. 4 is a trace diagram of the step-by-step cutting and routing of a single iron core in the method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a trace diagram of cutting traces for cutting 9 cores on a single blank;
wherein, 1, a work material rack; 2. a fixed seat; 3. an index plate; 11. a cover plate; 12. a keyway; 13. a sliding table; 14. and (4) a step.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Wedge iron core integral cutting frock:
the whole index plate 3 that divide into of frock, worker's work or material rest 1 and 2 triplexes of fixing base.
The whole work or material rest 1 is square, and work or material rest 1 links to each other through a round shaft through the hole that the center set up and graduated disk 3 on one side to make work or material rest 1 rotate around an axis at rotatory in-process. Meanwhile, the work material frame 1 and the index plate 3 are connected through two square shafts, and the effects of fixing and continuously sliding in the rotating process are achieved, so that the precision and the fixing effect are guaranteed.
The other side of the work material frame 1 is connected with the disc through the fixed shaft on the fixing frame 2, the disc is connected with the tool through the two square shafts, and therefore the tool rotates at a certain angle, the work material frame 1 is guaranteed to rotate, and meanwhile, part of stress is shared to prolong the service life of the tool.
The silicon steel is fixed through a step 14, a sliding table 13, a key groove 12 and a cover plate 11 in the tool. The tool rotates according to a certain angle, and therefore cutting of the wedge-shaped iron core for the non-magnetic yoke disc type motor is completed. The cutting uses the single-shaft fast wire-moving electric spark wire cutting machine to integrally cut the wedge-shaped iron core, greatly reduces the cost and meets the processing requirement of small-batch magnet yoke-free disc type motors.
Example 2:
the integral cutting method of the single wedge-shaped iron core comprises the following steps:
1. the processing initial material is silicon steel coil, and the silicon steel coil is cut into blanks and is overlapped and welded into blocks. Since the cutting accuracy of the burr is extremely rough, the thickness direction cannot be aligned. According to the traditional method, after the silicon steel sheet is cut, the silicon steel sheet is laminated and welded one by one, so that in the laminating process of the method, gluing can be performed primarily according to a drawing along the linear direction formed by connecting the core parts of the iron cores, the using amount and the coating area of the glue are controlled during gluing, the thickness of the laminated block is not affected, and the glue does not overflow along the edge to be cut of the wedge-shaped iron core, so that the required conductivity of line cutting is affected. The trace of the injected glue is shown in fig. 3.
2. And cutting the laminated silicon steel block into a whole line, and cutting out a key groove for positioning the tool and a neat outer contour. At the moment, because the blanks are coated with glue during laminating, the whole silicon steel block cannot be scattered into a single sheet. And after the integral cutting is finished, putting the cut intermediate square stock into a tool.
3. According to the digifax that sends for the wire-electrode cutting equipment, rotate the required inclination in order to accomplish the cutting of inclined plane in the iron core inclined plane through the operation graduated disk according to the positive direction, the cutting of first inclined plane orbit can be accomplished to this time slope, because cut out a closed area has not been accomplished, and the rubber coating bonds between the silicon steel sheet, and solid silicon steel piece still can not scatter. The first cutting trajectory is shown in dashed lines in fig. 4 (fig. 2 only shows the cutting of a single core block as a schematic, the same cutting principle applies in practice to a plurality of sets of core blocks).
4. After the cutting in the previous step is completed, the position of the tooling is unchanged, and the index plate is rotated in the negative direction by a double inclination angle (namely, the inclination angle operated in the step 3). And then finishing the routing cutting of the end surface of the pole shoe of the iron core block and the second inclined plane track according to the contour track of the iron core in the digital analog, thereby realizing the closed cutting of the integral track of the iron core. The second cut trajectory is shown in solid lines in fig. 4.
5. Because the existence of injecting glue consequently the iron core after the cutting still can not scatter, the edge probably has slight warpage, and this problem can have the pressure equipment embedment after the wire winding to solve, does not constitute the influence to the wholeness ability.
In the above steps, it should be noted that the overall cutting of the profile of the iron core needs to be performed step by step in step 3 and step 4 after the square stock described in step 2 is cut once, which is specifically to avoid the problem that when the end face of the pole shoe of the stator core block is cut due to a positioning accuracy difference, the closed positions of the two cutting tracks are difficult to align due to a small difference, so that a fine boss is generated, and further the spatial distribution of the air-gap magnetic field is affected.
In addition, because the tooling needs to rotate when the step-by-step cutting is performed in the step 3 and the step 4, and after the dividing plate rotates, the wiring position can generate certain displacement on the upper surface of the square cutting material due to rotation, which can affect the positioning of the wire cutting threading position. Therefore, the tooling should be used to punch positioning holes corresponding to the inclined planes to be cut outside the core area in advance, such as the positioning holes pre-arranged on the track path in fig. 4. The positioning holes can be opened to the edge positions of two ends of the square stock and serve as initial points of cutting routing tracks for initial positioning mainly due to different angles of inclined planes on two sides.
Example 3:
the integral cutting method of the wedge-shaped iron cores comprises the following steps:
9 iron cores were cut from the blanks of one silicon steel stack, as shown in fig. 5.
Because the gross volumes of the silicon steel sheets are the same, if more iron cores are cut on a single piece of rough material, the outer diameter of the stator finally spliced by the iron cores is smaller; and vice versa.
Like this, only need rationally plan out the position of iron core on the woollen to and walk the line order, so a frock just can guarantee the production of this kind of motor of different external diameters.
Specifically, according to the wire-cutting wire-routing requirement, a plurality of iron cores are cut on a single blank, the wire-routing path needs to reduce waste of excess materials as much as possible, meanwhile, the wire-routing path is clear and does not interfere with each other, and the size and surface errors caused by positioning and track overlapping are avoided. As shown in fig. 5, 9 iron cores are cut from the blank of one silicon steel laminated block, and the first knife needs to simultaneously cut and form the first inclined tracks of the 9 iron cores at one time. After the angle is changed through the tool, the second knife cuts and forms the second inclined plane tracks of the 9 iron cores at one time. The blank round hole in the figure is a round hole punched by the electric spark punching machine. Four holes at two ends of the wool are positioning holes for threading. The hole in the middle of the core is a welding groove for laser welding without scattering the oriented silicon steel lamination in the subsequent step.
Then, the key of the step can be to say that the end face of the pole shoe of the wedge-shaped iron core, namely the end face directly contacted with the air gap, needs to be cut once, so that a boss generated due to size deviation when two sections of cutting are cut can not occur, and the influence of the cutting process on the air gap magnetic field of the motor can not be caused.
The embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative for explaining the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Modifications and variations can be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concepts of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. Wedge iron core integral cutting frock, its characterized in that:
worker's work or material rest includes: the device comprises a body for clamping the oriented silicon steel sheet stacked block and a cover plate which is detachably connected to the body; the body comprises a clamping station which penetrates through the body and is used for placing the oriented silicon steel sheet stacked block;
a mount, comprising: the axial direction is arranged in the same direction with the tooth length direction of the iron core and provides a shaft for turning the cutting plane by the rotation of the iron core; two ends of the shaft are respectively assembled on the fixed frame and the body;
and the indexing disc is arranged in a coaxial relationship opposite to the shaft holding position, and the indexing disc is connected with the body in a maintaining mode through assembly.
2. The wedge core integral cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the clamping station of the body comprises a positioning device for placing and positioning the oriented silicon steel sheet stack blocks: step, slip table, keyway.
3. The wedge core integral cutting tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: the body is a rectangular structure enclosed by three side parts and the cover plate; the body includes: a first side part which is clamped relatively to the cover plate, and two second side parts which are clamped relatively to each other due to the positions of the two second side parts; the first side edge portion includes the key slot thereon; the second side edge part comprises the steps and the sliding table.
4. The wedge core integral cutting tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: the key groove extends along the thickness direction of the oriented silicon steel sheet stacking block, and the silicon steel sheet stacking block comprises a bulge matched with the key groove.
5. The wedge core integral cutting tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: the steps and the sliding table are arranged along the length direction of the second side edge portion.
6. The wedge core integral cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shaft is sleeved in the shaft hole of the disc, and the disc is connected to the body through square shafts distributed on two sides of the shaft hole on the end face of the disc.
7. The wedge core integral cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the indexing disc comprises two square shafts used for connecting the body.
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| CN202021737054.3U CN212752075U (en) | 2020-08-19 | 2020-08-19 | Wedge-shaped iron core integral cutting tool |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111884442A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-03 | 苏州英磁新能源科技有限公司 | Wedge-shaped iron core integral cutting tool and method |
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| CN111884442A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-03 | 苏州英磁新能源科技有限公司 | Wedge-shaped iron core integral cutting tool and method |
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