CN212734346U

CN212734346U - Tool with vibration-damping component

Info

Publication number: CN212734346U
Application number: CN202022009869.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙思叡
Original assignee: Shanghai Nagoya Precision Tools Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Nagoya Precision Tools Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-14
Filing date: 2020-09-14
Publication date: 2021-03-19
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-14

Abstract

The utility model provides a cutter with part of suppression vibration, includes the body, sets up 1 at least parts of suppression vibration on the body, and the part of suppression vibration includes 1 holding chamber, places some granular material in the holding chamber. The containing cavity is integrally arranged along the axial direction of the body, the section of the body and the section of the containing cavity are obtained along the radial direction of the body at the same time, and the distance between the center of the section of the containing cavity and the center of the section of the body is greater than 0. The utility model provides an in the cutter was applied to cutting process, the vibration phenomenon of cutter was showing and is reducing or descend, is disappeared by the shake sword line on processing product surface, accords with the requirement of processing surface roughness, and not only processingquality is showing and is improving, and the processing cycle of product is also showing and shortens, and manufacturing procedure reduces, and the benefit is showing and increases.

Description

Tool with vibration-damping component

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a cutter for machining especially relates to one kind and in implementing cutting process, vibration phenomenon is showing the cutter that reduces, realizes the finish machining to the work piece, shortens the processing cycle of product.

Background

The cutting tool includes a turning tool, a planer tool, a milling cutter, an outer surface broach and a file, etc., which are tools used for cutting machining in machine manufacturing, and are mainly used for cutting metal materials. The cutting tool includes a blade, a structure for breaking or rolling up chips, a structure for discharging chips or storing chips, a structure for adding or discharging cutting fluid, and the like. Among them, the blade is a main structure of the cutting tool for performing cutting processing.

The tool inevitably vibrates during cutting, thereby damaging the surface of a machined product, reducing surface roughness and accompanying shortening of the tool life. Particularly, in the deep hole boring and milling process, because the length-diameter ratio of the cutter is very large and is one-way stressed, the cutter is very easy to generate violent vibration to cause processing failure, and the length-diameter ratio of the boring cutter can not exceed 5 times. Therefore, how to avoid or reduce the vibration of the cutter in the processing to improve the surface quality of the processed product and prolong the service life of the cutter is an important problem, the avoidance or reduction of the vibration of the cutter in the processing is realized mainly by improving the dynamic rigidity of the cutter, namely improving the static rigidity and the damping, and the improvement of the surface quality of the processed product can be realized by improving the dynamic balance characteristic of the cutter.

Unbalanced vibration is a major factor that plagues the proper operation of rotating machines. In order to solve the dynamic balance problem of the cutter, the prior art mainly starts from two aspects of design and processing, and firstly adopts modern technical means such as Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) and the like to analyze the cutter body in advance as much as possible in the design stage, so as to achieve the symmetry in design as much as possible. Secondly, after the cutter is machined, the dynamic balance of the cutter is detected on line, and the weight of each part of the cutter is finely adjusted in a punching/face milling/counterweight screw installing mode according to the detection result so as to realize the dynamic balance.

In order to suppress or reduce the vibration of the tool during cutting and improve the surface quality of a processed product, the prior art mainly adopts two technical routes of actively suppressing vibration and passively suppressing vibration. The former is mainly that a vibration source driven by electromagnetism or machinery is added at the rear end (one end connected with a main shaft) of a cutter, and the vibration source emits vibration with the same amplitude but opposite direction with the vibration frequency caused by processing to counteract the vibration of the processing; the latter is mainly to arrange a cavity in the center of the tool and put a damping block or damping liquid (hereinafter referred to as a damping mechanism) in the cavity, and the damping motion of the damping mechanism is used for absorbing the vibration kinetic energy during processing so as to reduce the processing vibration.

The passive vibration suppression technology using the damping mechanism has the following disadvantages:

1. the damping mechanism is generally made of lead or hard alloy and other high-density metals (in some light cutting cases, the damping mechanism can also be replaced by damping liquid), the two ends of the damping mechanism are required to be placed into rubber damping blocks for sealing to form a damping system, the rubber damping blocks can be continuously degraded and lost due to working condition factors such as heating and the like in use, damping coefficient attenuation or damping liquid leakage is further caused, the effect of inhibiting vibration is finally attenuated and has to be replaced regularly, the use labor intensity and system instability are increased, and the tool cannot be used for a long time particularly under the relatively severe (high-temperature and rapid temperature difference) working conditions.

2. The design size of the large-density metal block is related to the vibration frequency, namely the metal block with one specification can only play a role in inhibiting vibration of a cutter with a specific specification under the condition of specific machining parameters, and sometimes vibration (excitation) is promoted in a non-design parameter section, so that the wide use of the cutter is greatly limited, and in fact, the working conditions of a customer site are different, the machining parameters are not uniform and different, and the complexity of production and manufacturing is greatly increased when the large-density metal block is designed for the customer in a customized manner, so that the economy of a cutter product is reduced.

3. In order to obtain a better vibration suppression effect, the damping mechanisms are arranged at the circumferential center of the cutter to obtain the largest damping cavity size, when the center of the cutter is provided with a hole (generally, a cooling liquid is led out to cool the front end of the cutter), a complex mechanical structure needs to be additionally designed to ensure that the damping mechanisms are carried while water flows out from the center, so that the complexity of design and production is greatly increased, and the economical efficiency of the cutter is reduced.

4. The action balance correction additionally increases the working procedure before the cutter leaves the factory, improves the production cost and slows down the delivery speed.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a cutter has good dynamic balance characteristic, need not the rethread and punches/mill modes such as face/installation counter weight screw and finely tune the weight of each part of cutter.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool, which can suppress or reduce the vibration during cutting, thereby improving the surface quality of the machined product.

Another object of the utility model is to provide a cutter for each item service parameter of cutter obtains improving by a wide margin, can both exert better vibration suppression performance under various machining parameter.

Still another object of the utility model is to provide a cutter for each item service parameter of cutter obtains improving by a wide margin, reduces the design of cutter and the complexity of manufacturing simultaneously.

A fifth object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool, which reduces the vibration lines on the surface of the processed product, improves the quality of the processed surface, and shortens the processing time.

A tool includes a shank mountable to a rotary machine and an axis from the shank to a cutting end. Generally, the body of the cutter is in a rod shape or a rod shape, and the shape of the cutter is a cylinder, and at least comprises two dimensions of an axial direction and a radial direction. The axis is the central axis passing through the centers of the circles at the two ends of the cylinder.

Set up 1 holding chamber on the body, place some granular material in the holding intracavity, and form 1 part of restraining the vibration. The containing cavity is integrally arranged along the axial direction of the body, and the cross section of the body and the cross section of the containing cavity are simultaneously obtained along the radial direction of the body. The distance between the section center of the accommodating cavity and the section center of the body is greater than 0, such as: but not limited to, more than 0.005mm, especially more than 0.5mm, and the cross section of each accommodating cavity has a shape as follows: but are not limited to, circular, oval, polygonal, and "figure 8" shapes, etc.

50% -90% of the volume of the containing cavity is used for placing granular substances, and particularly 70% of the volume of the containing cavity.

The cross section of the accommodating cavity is preferably circular, and the diameter of the accommodating cavity is 5% -40%, particularly 10% -35% of the diameter of the cutting part of the cutter.

The particulate material made of metal is preferably selected to obtain better damping effect, such as: but not limited to metals such as lead, copper, tungsten and the like, and metal carbide materials with larger density such as tungsten carbide and the like, the grain diameter is 1 mm-0.003 mm, and the substances are singly or combined to be applied to the utility model.

Another kind of cutter, it includes the body to and 2 parts that restrain the vibration, each part that restrains the vibration includes 1 holding chamber, places granular material in the holding chamber. Each accommodating cavity is integrally arranged along the axial direction of the body, and the cross section of the body and the cross section of each accommodating cavity are simultaneously obtained along the radial direction of the body. The center of the cross section of the body deviates at least from the connecting line of the centers of the cross sections of the two accommodating cavities.

The other cutter comprises a body and more than 3 vibration suppression components, wherein each vibration suppression component comprises 1 accommodating cavity, and granular substances are placed in the accommodating cavities. Each accommodating cavity is integrally arranged along the axial direction of the body, and the cross section of the body and the cross section of each accommodating cavity are simultaneously obtained along the radial direction of the body. The center of the cross section of the body deviates at least from the connecting line of the centers of the cross sections of the two accommodating cavities.

Another kind of cutter, it includes the body to and the structure of the suppression vibration more than 3, and each structure of suppression vibration includes 1 holding chamber, places granular material in the holding chamber. Each accommodating cavity is integrally arranged along the axial direction of the body, and the cross section of the body and the cross section of each accommodating cavity are simultaneously obtained along the radial direction of the body. The center of the section of the body deviates from the connecting line of the centers of the sections of any two accommodating cavities and is not concentric with the center of the section of the body, so that the cutter can be conveniently subjected to dynamic balance correction (the gravity center of the cutter is adjusted through different heart weights) during manufacturing, the subsequent dynamic balance weight reduction process is omitted, the production flow is reduced, and the performance and the product appearance of the cutter are improved.

The utility model discloses beneficial effect that technical scheme realized:

the utility model provides a cutter is at the part of 1 above suppression vibration that sets up along the axial of cutter body, and these parts of suppression vibration are the radial and body circumferencial direction's of body unequal distribution, not only can reduce the required precision (reduce the manufacturing degree of difficulty promptly) of making to the cutter, can also conveniently combine the asymmetry in cutter self design, carry out corresponding distribution design, do not influence the design parameter of cutter self, do not influence the processing requirement of cutter.

The utility model provides a cutter is through setting up each holding chamber to place granular material in each holding intracavity, just can freely adjust the granular material's of each holding intracavity filling ratio, and carry out the counter weight according to the dynamic balance requirement in order to play the effect of adjusting dynamic balance.

The utility model provides a cutter, in cutting process, the vibration phenomenon of cutter is showing and is reducing or descending, is disappeared by the shake sword line on processing product surface, accords with the requirement of processing surface roughness, and not only processingquality is showing and is improving, and the process cycle of product is also showing and shortens, and manufacturing procedure reduces, and the benefit is showing and increases.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the cutting tool of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an angle taken along a radial direction of the tool body shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the cutting tool of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an angle of a radially derived cross-section of the tool body shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the cutting tool of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an angle of a radial resulting cross-section of the tool body shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a cross-section of a vibration suppressing member according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a cross-section of a vibration-damping component of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a cross-section of a vibration suppressing member according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments of the present invention are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced with other equivalent solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the tool comprises a shank 20 having a longitudinal axis 10 and mountable to a rotary machine, the end of the workpiece opposite the shank forming a cutting portion 30 for performing a cutting operation: such as: hole machining, forming milling machining, hinging machining, grinding machining and the like. Generally, the body of the cutter is in a rod shape or a rod shape, and the shape of the cutter is mostly a cylinder, and at least comprises two dimensions of an axial direction and a radial direction. The axis 10 is the central axis passing through the centers of the circles at the two ends of the cylinder.

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a cutting tool of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic view of another angle of the cutting tool shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the tool includes a body 100, and a vibration-suppressing member 200. The vibration suppressing member 200 includes 1 receiving chamber 210, and some granular matters 220 placed in the receiving chamber 210. The housing cavities are arranged in the axial direction of the body as a whole, with a section 110 of the body and a section 230 of the housing cavities being obtained simultaneously in the radial direction of the body 100.

The cross section 230 of the receiving cavity has the following appearance: but are not limited to, circular, oval, polygonal, and "8" shaped, etc., see fig. 7, 8, and 9. The distance D between the center 231 of the section 230 of the receiving cavity and the center 111 of the section 110 of the body is greater than 0, such as: greater than 0.005mm, in particular greater than 0.5 mm. The skilled person will appreciate that the distance D cannot be greater than the diameter of the cross-section of the body. 50% -90% of the volume of the housing chamber is used to house the particulate matter 220, especially 70% of the volume of the housing chamber. The holding cavity of this embodiment is cylindricly, and its diameter is 5% ~ 40% of cutter cutting portion diameter, if: but are not limited to 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, and 35%.

The granular substance 220 is made of metal such as: metals such as lead, copper and tungsten, and metal carbide materials with high density such as tungsten carbide, and the particle size is 1 mm-0.003 mm.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the cutting tool of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a schematic view of an angle of a radial obtained cross-section of the cutting tool body shown in fig. 3. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the tool body 100, and 2 vibration suppressing members 200, each of which includes 1 housing chamber 210, and a granular substance 220 made of metal placed in the housing chamber 210. The respective receiving cavities 210 are arranged in the axial direction of the body as a whole, and the section 110 of the body and the section 230 of the respective receiving cavities are obtained simultaneously in the radial direction of the body. The cross-section 230 of the receiving cavity is circular in shape and the cross-section 110 of the body is circular in shape. The center of the cross-section 110 of the body is at least offset from the line L1 connecting the centers of the cross-sections of the two receiving cavities. 50% -90% of the volume of each accommodating cavity 210 is used for placing the granular materials 220, corresponding distribution design is carried out by combining the asymmetry of the design of the cutter, the granular materials placed in the accommodating cavities are the same or different, the design parameters of the cutter are not influenced, and the processing requirements of the cutter are not influenced.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the cutting tool of the present invention, and fig. 6 is a schematic view of an angle of a radial obtained cross-section of the cutting tool body shown in fig. 5. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the tool body, and more than 3 vibration suppressing members, each vibration suppressing structure includes 1 housing chamber, and a granular material made of metal placed in the housing chamber. The respective housing cavities are arranged in the axial direction of the body as a whole, and the section 110 of the body and the section 230 of the respective housing cavities are obtained simultaneously in the radial direction of the body. The cross-section 230 of the receiving cavity is circular in shape and the cross-section 110 of the body is circular in shape. The center 111 of the section 110 of the body is at least offset from the line L1 connecting the centers of the sections 230 of the two receiving chambers. The center 111 of the section 110 of the body is offset from the line L2, L3, L4 connecting the centers of the sections of any two receiving cavities. The intersection of line L3 with the two orthogonal diameters passing through center 111 is at distances D2 and D3 from center 111 of 0.0617mm and 0.0253mm, respectively.

The method is characterized in that a double-edge forming face milling cutter (five-time diameter) with the diameter D40 being 200 long is machined, the original machining parameters are S800F50 (namely the rotating speed is 800, the feeding is 50), the reduction speed at the bottom is S100F10, the obvious cutter vibration phenomenon still exists, the roughness of the machined surface of a product is seriously out of tolerance, two D12X 40 long accommodating cavities are asymmetrically added on the reamer body, after 70% volume of metal particles are placed in the cavities, the roughness is greatly improved (Ra0.8) and is qualified under the original machining parameters, the machining parameters are increased to S8000F1500 (the machining efficiency is increased by 300 times), the machining surface roughness is still qualified (Ra1.1), and the vibration suppression capability is not obviously attenuated.

The long-handle forming reamer with the diameter D110 and the length 210 is machined, the machining vibration cutter with the original machining parameters is serious, and the hole wall of a part is full of vibration cutter grains. 6D 16 multiplied by 38 long containing cavities are asymmetrically added on the reamer body, a cutter with a vibration suppression component is formed after metal particles are placed in the cavities, and after the same part hole wall is machined again according to the same parameters, the vibration cutter grains on the part hole wall disappear, and the roughness is qualified (Ra1.2).

Claims

1. A cutting tool comprises a body, and is characterized in that at least 1 vibration suppression component is arranged on the body, the vibration suppression component comprises 1 accommodating cavity, and a plurality of granular substances are placed in the accommodating cavity;

the containing cavity is integrally arranged along the axial direction of the body, the section of the body and the section of the containing cavity are obtained along the radial direction of the body at the same time, and the distance between the center of the section of the containing cavity and the center of the section of the body is greater than 0.

2. The tool according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the center of the cross-section of the receiving cavity and the center of the cross-section of the body is greater than 0.005 mm.

3. The tool according to claim 1, wherein the center of the cross-section of the receiving cavity is spaced from the center of the cross-section of the body by a distance greater than 0.5 mm.

4. The tool according to claim 1, wherein the cross-section of the receiving cavity is circular, elliptical, polygonal or 8-shaped.

5. The tool according to claim 1, wherein 50% to 90% of the volume of the receiving cavity is used for receiving the particulate material.

6. The tool of claim 1, wherein 70% of the volume of the pocket is used to hold the particulate material.

7. The tool according to claim 1, wherein the receiving cavity has a circular cross-section with a diameter of 5% to 40% of the diameter of the cutting portion of the tool.

8. The tool according to claim 1, wherein the receiving cavity has a circular cross-section with a diameter of 10% to 35% of the diameter of the cutting portion of the tool.

9. The cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the granular material has a particle size of 1mm to 0.003 mm.

10. The tool according to claim 1, wherein the number of the vibration suppressing members is 2, and the center of the cross section of the body is deviated from a line connecting the centers of the cross sections of the two receiving cavities.

11. The tool according to claim 1, wherein the number of the vibration suppressing members is 3 or more, and the center of the cross section of the body is deviated from a line connecting at least the centers of the cross sections of any two of the receiving cavities.