CN212695763U - Dual-power-supply rapid switching time-delay turn-off circuit - Google Patents
Dual-power-supply rapid switching time-delay turn-off circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN212695763U CN212695763U CN202021580041.XU CN202021580041U CN212695763U CN 212695763 U CN212695763 U CN 212695763U CN 202021580041 U CN202021580041 U CN 202021580041U CN 212695763 U CN212695763 U CN 212695763U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a dual supply fast switch-over time delay turn-off circuit belongs to system power management circuit technical field. The purpose is that power fluctuation is big, the reliability is poor, influence system stability's problem when solving current dual power supply system power and switching. The utility model discloses a fall electric detection unit circuit, dual supply switching unit circuit, time delay turn-off control unit circuit, block unit circuit fast and prevent flowing backward unit circuit. The power failure detection unit circuit is used for detecting whether a main power supply is in power failure or not, the dual-power supply switching unit circuit is used for realizing seamless switching of the main power supply and a standby power supply, the delay turn-off control unit circuit is used for starting delay when the main power supply is in power failure and turning off the standby power supply after a period of delay, the quick blocking unit circuit is used for improving the turn-off speed of the power supply, and the backflow prevention unit circuit is used for preventing current from flowing backwards to the standby power supply to cause the standby power supply to be burnt under the condition of power supply of the main.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of system power management circuit, concretely relates to dual power switching technique.
Background
The system which needs backup and data storage is powered by dual power sources commonly, and when the main power source is powered off, the backup power source supplies power to the system, so that the aims of data backup and storage are achieved. The existing products mainly adopt a relay control circuit or a simple triode switching circuit to realize the alternation of a main power supply and a standby power supply. The relay control mode has larger time delay, and the problems of large power supply fluctuation, poor reliability and the like exist in the power supply switching process; the power supply voltage loss of the triode switching circuit is large, and the turn-off process needs to pass through the amplification area of the triode, so that the turn-off is slow, the voltage gradually becomes low, and the stability of the system is very unfavorable.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a dual supply fast switch-over time delay turn-off circuit in order to solve the problem that power fluctuation is big, the reliability is poor, influence system stability when current dual supply power supply system power supply switches.
The utility model discloses a dual power supply fast switching time-delay turn-off circuit, which comprises a power failure detection unit circuit, a dual power supply switching unit circuit, a time-delay turn-off control unit circuit, a fast blocking unit circuit and a backflow prevention unit circuit;
the power down detection unit circuit comprises a diode D2, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2; the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are connected in series to form a series circuit, the anode of the diode D2 is connected with one end of the series circuit, the connection point is simultaneously connected with a main power supply and a load, and the other end of the series circuit is connected with the power ground;
the dual-power switching unit circuit comprises a field effect transistor Q1, a field effect transistor Q3, a resistor R3, a resistor R4 and a resistor R5; the source electrode of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected with one end of the resistor R3, and the connection point is simultaneously connected with a standby power supply and a clock chip; the gate of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected with one end of the resistor R4; the drain electrode of the field effect transistor Q3 is simultaneously connected with the other end of the resistor R3 and the other end of the resistor R4, the source electrode of the field effect transistor Q3 is connected with the power ground, and the gate electrode of the field effect transistor Q3 is connected with one end of the resistor R5;
the time delay turn-off control unit circuit comprises a diode D1, a capacitor C1 and a resistor R6; the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to one end of the resistor R6 and the anode of the capacitor C1 at the same time, and the other end of the resistor R6 and the cathode of the capacitor C1 are connected to the power ground;
the rapid blocking unit circuit comprises a 3V voltage judgment circuit; one end of the 3V voltage judging circuit is connected with the other end of the resistor R5, and the other end of the 3V voltage judging circuit is connected with the cathode of the diode D1;
the backflow preventing unit comprises a field effect tube Q2; the drain of the field effect transistor Q2 is connected with the drain of the field effect transistor Q1, the source is connected with the cathode of the diode D2, and the gate is simultaneously connected with the anode of the diode D1 and the anode of the diode D2.
Optionally, the main power supply comprises a 220V ac power supply and a transformer connected to the 220V ac power supply; the output end of the transformer is used as a connection point of the main power supply and the dual-power-supply quick switching delay turn-off circuit.
Optionally, the transformer is used for transforming, rectifying and stabilizing the 220V alternating current, and the output voltage of the transformer is 5V.
Optionally, the backup power supply is a 4.2V dc power supply.
Optionally, the fet Q1 is a P-channel fet.
Optionally, the fet Q2 is a P-channel fet.
Optionally, the fet Q3 is an N-channel fet.
The utility model discloses a dual supply fast switch-over time delay shutoff circuit switching speed is fast, can reach zero time delay, and is undulant, the good reliability to stand-by power supply shutoff speed is fast, has improved the stability of system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual power supply fast switching delay turn-off circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the voltage waveform at point B during the system switching from main to backup power;
fig. 3 is a graph of the voltage waveform at point B during a power down of the backup power supply.
Detailed Description
This embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1. The dual-power-supply rapid switching delay turn-off circuit comprises a power failure detection unit circuit, a dual-power-supply switching unit circuit, a delay turn-off control unit circuit, a rapid blocking unit circuit and a backflow prevention unit circuit. The specific structure of the dual power supply fast switching delay shutdown circuit according to the present embodiment will be described in detail below by taking 220V ac to 5V dc as a main power supply and 4.2V dc as a backup power supply (the main power supply and the backup power supply are connected through a charge control circuit).
The power down detection unit circuit comprises a diode D2, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2; the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are connected in series to form a series circuit, the connection point of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 is a detection point of the controller, the anode of the diode D2 is connected with one end of the series circuit, the connection point is simultaneously connected with a main power supply and a peripheral circuit, and the other end of the series circuit is connected with the power ground. The detection point of the controller is used for informing the single chip microcomputer system (namely the control and storage power supply in the figure 1) of power failure and timely data storage. When the main power supply normally works, the voltage of the point A is 5V, and the detection point of the controller is at a high level; when the main power supply is powered down, the detection point of the controller goes low due to the diode D2 placing the backup power supply in reverse current. Through the power failure detection unit, the controller can detect that the main power supply has been powered down, and then starts to process the data needing to be backed up.
The dual-power switching unit circuit comprises a P-channel field-effect transistor Q1, an N-channel field-effect transistor Q3, a resistor R3, a resistor R4 and a resistor R5; the source electrode of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected with one end of the resistor R3, and the connection point is simultaneously connected with a standby power supply and a clock chip; the gate of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected with one end of the resistor R4; the drain electrode of the field effect transistor Q3 is simultaneously connected with the other end of the resistor R3 and the other end of the resistor R4, the source electrode is connected with the power ground, and the gate electrode is connected with one end of the resistor R5. The dual-power switching unit circuit is used for realizing the on-off of a standby power supply, when the other end of the resistor R5 is at a low level, the field-effect tube Q3 is cut off, 4.2V voltage reaches the drain electrode of the field-effect tube Q3 through the resistor R3, the grid electrode of the field-effect tube Q1 is also 4.2V, the field-effect tube Q1 is cut off, no voltage exists at a point C, and the standby power supply does not work; when the other end of the resistor R5 is at high level, the field effect transistor Q3 is turned on, the grid of the field effect transistor Q1 is at low level, the field effect transistor Q1 is turned on, the point C is approximately the standby power supply voltage, and the standby power supply is turned on.
The time delay turn-off control unit circuit comprises a diode D1, a capacitor C1 and a resistor R6; the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to one end of the resistor R6 and the anode of the capacitor C1, and the other end of the resistor R6 and the cathode of the capacitor C1 are connected to the ground. The delay turn-off control unit circuit provides a delay signal for turning off the standby power supply, namely when the power failure of the main power supply begins to delay, a turn-off signal is given to the dual-power switching unit circuit after a period of time delay, and the power supply of the whole system is turned off. The delay principle is as follows: when the main power supply is powered on, the diode D1 charges the capacitor C1, the voltage at the point D reaches the voltage V1(V1 is the main power voltage — the voltage drop of the diode D1), after the main power supply is powered off, the capacitor C1 slowly discharges through the resistor R6, the voltage at the point D gradually decreases, and the delay effect is achieved. The calculation formula of the delay time t is as follows: t is RCln [ Vu/(Vu-Vt) ], wherein Vu is the value of the full termination voltage of the capacitor C1; vt is the voltage across the capacitor C1 at time t, R is the resistance of the resistor R6, and C is the capacitance of the capacitor C1.
The rapid blocking unit circuit comprises a 3V voltage judgment circuit; one end of the 3V voltage judging circuit is connected with the other end of the resistor R5, and the other end of the 3V voltage judging circuit is connected with the cathode of the diode D1. The circuit is mainly a 3V voltage judgment circuit and is used for assisting in fast turn-off when a standby power supply is turned off in a delayed mode. The working principle is that the voltage of the time delay part (namely the voltage at the point D) is detected, and if the voltage at the point D is higher than 3V, the field effect transistor Q3 is conducted; if the voltage at the point D is lower than 3V, the field effect transistor Q3 is immediately cut off. If the rapid blocking unit is not provided, the process of turning off the standby power supply is slow, and the voltage and the current at the load end are slowly reduced, which brings great hidden danger to the stability of the system.
The control flow of the on-off of the standby power supply is as follows: when the main power supply is not powered down, the voltage at the point D is higher than 3V, the 3V voltage judgment circuit outputs high level, namely the high level at the right end of the resistor R5, the field effect transistor Q3 is switched on, at the moment, the standby power supply is switched on, but the standby power supply does not supply power to the circuit due to the protection of the field effect transistor Q2. When the main power supply is powered off, the states of all the electric elements are unchanged, only the voltage at the right end of the field effect transistor Q2 is low, and the standby power supply supplies power to the circuit through the field effect transistor Q2. After a period of time, when the voltage of the capacitor C1 drops below 3V, the 3V voltage detection circuit outputs low level, that is, low level at the right end of R5, and the standby power supply stops supplying power.
The backflow preventing unit comprises a P-channel field effect transistor Q2; the drain electrode of the field effect transistor Q2 is connected with the drain electrode of the field effect transistor Q1, the source electrode of the field effect transistor Q2 is connected with the cathode of the diode D2, the grid electrode of the field effect transistor Q2 is simultaneously connected with the anode of the diode D1 and the anode of the diode D2, the common end of the source electrode of the field effect transistor Q2 and the cathode of the diode D2 is connected with a unit for controlling and storing data, and the unit mainly comprises a single chip microcomputer and a memory and is a part needing power supply after the power. The circuit is mainly composed of a field effect transistor Q2. When the main power supply supplies power, the source voltage of the field effect transistor Q2 is lower than the grid voltage, and the field effect transistor Q2 is cut off. The voltage near 5V at point B does not reach point C. Prevent the current from flowing backwards to the standby power supply to cause the standby power supply to burn. When the standby power supply works, the standby power supply is conducted to a point B through a parasitic diode of the field effect transistor Q2, so that the standby power supply acts on a load.
The dual-power-supply quick switching delay turn-off circuit has three working states:
(1) the main power supply works: the load power supply is provided by 5V obtained by stabilizing the voltage of a main power supply, the voltages of a point A and a point B are close to 5V, and the detection point of the controller is at a high level; the voltage of the D point of the delay circuit is nearly 5V; a field effect transistor Q1 of the dual power supply switching unit circuit is conducted, and the voltage of a point C is 4.2V (standby power supply voltage); the field effect transistor Q2 is turned off to prevent the main power supply from flowing backward to the backup power supply.
(2) The standby power supply works: after the main power supply is powered off, the point A is changed into low level, the field effect transistor Q2 is conducted, the voltage of the point C reaches the voltage value of the point B, namely, the standby power supply supplies power to the load, the detection point of the controller is low level, and the system starts to store backup data; the voltage at the point D of the delayed turn-off control unit circuit starts to become gradually low.
(3) And (3) powering off the system completely: when the voltage of the point D of the delay turn-off control unit circuit is lower than 3V, the 3V voltage judgment circuit turns off the field-effect tube Q3, the field-effect tube Q1 is cut off, the voltage of the point C becomes zero, and the whole system stops working.
The dual-power-supply quick switching delay turn-off circuit has the performance indexes and advantages that:
(1) the system power failure can be detected, and backup data can be accurately stored.
(2) The power supply switching speed is high, zero time delay can be achieved, and fluctuation is avoided. As shown in fig. 2, it can be seen that the switching from 5V of the main power supply to 4.2V of the backup power supply during the switching process is very smooth and free of disturbances.
(3) The power can be turned off in a delayed mode, and the standby power is not used.
(4) When the main power supply works, the energy consumption of the standby power supply is within several uA, the charging frequency of the standby power supply can be reduced, and the service life is prolonged.
(5) The fast blocking unit circuit can realize fast turn-off of the standby power supply. Compared with a dual power supply switching circuit which does not comprise a rapid blocking unit circuit, the stability can be greatly improved. The waveform diagram of fig. 3 with the addition of the fast block circuit turn off can be seen to fall from 4.2V to low very quickly.
Claims (7)
1. A dual-power-supply fast switching time-delay turn-off circuit is characterized by comprising a power failure detection unit circuit, a dual-power-supply switching unit circuit, a time-delay turn-off control unit circuit, a fast blocking unit circuit and a backflow prevention unit circuit;
the power down detection unit circuit comprises a diode D2, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2; the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are connected in series to form a series circuit, the anode of the diode D2 is connected with one end of the series circuit, the connection point of the diode D2 is connected with a main power supply and a peripheral circuit at the same time, and the other end of the series circuit is connected with the power ground;
the dual-power switching unit circuit comprises a field effect transistor Q1, a field effect transistor Q3, a resistor R3, a resistor R4 and a resistor R5; the source electrode of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected with one end of the resistor R3, and the connection point is simultaneously connected with a standby power supply and a clock chip; the gate of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected with one end of the resistor R4; the drain electrode of the field effect transistor Q3 is simultaneously connected with the other end of the resistor R3 and the other end of the resistor R4, the source electrode of the field effect transistor Q3 is connected with the power ground, and the gate electrode of the field effect transistor Q3 is connected with one end of the resistor R5;
the time delay turn-off control unit circuit comprises a diode D1, a capacitor C1 and a resistor R6; the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to one end of the resistor R6 and the anode of the capacitor C1 at the same time, and the other end of the resistor R6 and the cathode of the capacitor C1 are connected to the power ground;
the rapid blocking unit circuit comprises a 3V voltage judgment circuit; one end of the 3V voltage judging circuit is connected with the other end of the resistor R5, and the other end of the 3V voltage judging circuit is connected with the cathode of the diode D1;
the backflow preventing unit comprises a field effect tube Q2; the drain of the field effect transistor Q2 is connected with the drain of the field effect transistor Q1, the source is connected with the cathode of the diode D2, and the gate is simultaneously connected with the anode of the diode D1 and the anode of the diode D2.
2. The dual-power-supply rapid switching time-delay turn-off circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main power supply comprises a 220V AC power supply and a transformer connected with the 220V AC power supply; the output end of the transformer is used as a connection point of the main power supply and the dual-power-supply quick switching delay turn-off circuit.
3. The dual-power-supply rapid-switching time-delay turn-off circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein the transformer is used for transforming, rectifying and stabilizing the 220V alternating current, and the output voltage of the transformer is 5V.
4. The dual-power-supply rapid-switching time-delay turn-off circuit of claim 3, wherein the standby power supply is a 4.2V direct-current power supply.
5. The dual-power-supply rapid switching delay turn-off circuit of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the FET Q1 is a P-channel FET.
6. The dual-power-supply rapid switching time-delay turn-off circuit as claimed in claim 5, wherein the FET Q2 is a P-channel FET.
7. The dual-power-supply rapid switching time-delay turn-off circuit of claim 6, wherein the field effect transistor Q3 is an N-channel field effect transistor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021580041.XU CN212695763U (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Dual-power-supply rapid switching time-delay turn-off circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021580041.XU CN212695763U (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Dual-power-supply rapid switching time-delay turn-off circuit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN212695763U true CN212695763U (en) | 2021-03-12 |
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| CN202021580041.XU Active CN212695763U (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Dual-power-supply rapid switching time-delay turn-off circuit |
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| CN (1) | CN212695763U (en) |
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Effective date of registration: 20210708 Address after: No.380, Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province Patentee after: HARBIN SYNJONES HUAKE ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd. Address before: 150000 No. 102, Han River Road, Nangang District, Heilongjiang, Harbin Patentee before: HARBIN SYNJONES ELECTRONIC Co.,Ltd. |