CN212690525U

CN212690525U - Split type special-shaped gasket fastening device capable of being horizontally and vertically compressed and positioned simultaneously

Info

Publication number: CN212690525U
Application number: CN202021300592.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张兆祥; 王金淦; 章侠; 陈永茂
Original assignee: Nanjing Kangni Precision Mechanics Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Kangni Precision Mechanics Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-06
Filing date: 2020-07-06
Publication date: 2021-03-12
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-06

Abstract

The utility model discloses a but horizontal perpendicular two-way split type special-shaped packing ring tight setting device that compresses tightly the location simultaneously. The device comprises a bottom plate of a target fixing component, a special-shaped washer, a fixing bolt and a fastening nut; an inclined U-shaped groove with the same inclination angle as the inclined T-shaped groove of the machine tool table top is formed in the bottom plate of the target fixing part; the lower part of the special-shaped gasket is obliquely inserted into the oblique U-shaped groove; the fixing bolt obliquely penetrates through the oblique through hole of the special-shaped washer, the tail part of the fixing bolt is clamped in the oblique-pulling T-shaped groove of the machine tool table board, and the base plate of the target fixing part can be locked on the machine tool table board through the fixing bolt and the fastening nut. The device is used for occasions needing to be simultaneously compressed and positioned in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and has high positioning precision; the original integrated target fixing component bottom plate with the inclined bulge is split into the special-shaped gasket and the target fixing component bottom plate, and the special-shaped gasket and the target fixing component bottom plate are manufactured separately, so that the processing difficulty and the processing cost are greatly reduced, and the manufacturing precision is improved; and the service life of the bottom plate of the target fixing part is greatly prolonged.

Description

Split type special-shaped gasket fastening device capable of being horizontally and vertically compressed and positioned simultaneously

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of machining, a can horizontal perpendicular two-way split type special-shaped packing ring tight setting device who compresses tightly the location simultaneously is related to. The vertical direction in the present application means a direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction.

Background

In many machine tools such as grinding machines, milling machines, lathes, etc., which are commonly used, functional components such as a movable headstock, tailstock, and a movable center support (bracket) capable of translating on a machine tool table (i.e., a base table of the machine tool) are provided, when a part is machined by using the machine tool, the movable functional components (i.e., a target fixing component) need to be moved to a position suitable for machining the part, then, as shown in fig. 4, a base plate 2 of the target fixing component needs to be simultaneously pressed and positioned on a machine tool table 1 with a diagonal T-shaped groove in two directions (two directions) through a fixing bolt 3 and a fastening nut 6 (i.e., the fixing bolt 3 passes through the base plate 2 of the target fixing component, the bottom of the fixing bolt 3 is positioned in the diagonal T-shaped groove 11 on the machine tool table 1, the top of the fixing bolt 3 is screwed and pressed, thereby the two-way simultaneous pressing and positioning in the horizontal and vertical directions) can be realized, and then the part processing can be carried out.

When a machine tool is used to machine different types of parts or machine different parts of the same type of parts, it is necessary to move functional components (i.e., target fixing components) such as a movable headstock, tailstock, or support of the machine tool to different positions suitable for machining the parts, and then to perform a new pressing and positioning operation. Namely: a long (at least one end is through) inclined-pulling T-shaped groove 11 is arranged on the machine tool table board 1, after a target fixing part is moved to the next processing position each time, the target fixing part needs to be simultaneously pressed and positioned on the machine tool table board 1 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction through a fixing bolt 3 before part processing is carried out (namely, the fixing bolt 3 penetrates through a bottom plate 2 of the target fixing part, is positioned at a required position in the inclined-pulling T-shaped groove 11 on the machine tool table board 1 through the T-shaped bottom of the fixing bolt 3, and the top of the fixing bolt 3 is screwed with a fixing nut 6 for pressing). That is, the fixing bolt 3 and the fastening nut 6 are subjected to numerous times of disassembly and assembly during use of the base plate 2 of the objective fixing member.

In order to achieve a reliable pressing and positioning of the base plate 2 of the target fixture on the machine bed table 1 in both horizontal and vertical directions (bi-directionally), it is necessary to consider that an oblique projection with a bolt insertion hole is provided on each of both sides of the base plate 2 of the target fixture to receive and transmit the oblique pressing force of the fixing bolt 3 and the fastening nut 6 when designing the base plate 2 of the target fixture.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the conventional design method of the base plate 2 of the conventional target fixing component is as follows: the oblique convex block 8 with the pressing and positioning functions and the bottom plate 2 of the target fixing part are designed into a whole, namely the bottom plate (20) with the oblique convex target fixing part is designed into a whole, and a bolt penetrating hole which needs to penetrate through the fixing bolt 3 is designed into an oblique U-shaped open slot 9. This design has the following drawbacks:

(1) firstly, an integrated part integrating the oblique convex block 8 and the bottom plate 2 of the target fixing part is processed, so that the processing difficulty is high and the processing cost is high; secondly, the processing difficulty of forming bolt penetrating holes (namely the inclined U-shaped opening grooves 9) in the inclined convex blocks 8 which are arranged on the base plate 2 of the target fixing part is high, and the processing is not good frequently; thirdly, the upper plane of the base plate 2 of the processed integrated target fixing component with the oblique convex block 8 can hardly realize grinding processing, and the processing precision of the base plate 2 of the target fixing component is difficult to ensure.

(2) Because the oblique convex block 8 and the bottom plate 2 of the target fixing part are integrated, the use material strength of the target fixing part 2 is limited, and the pressing force of the bolt is borne by the U-shaped cambered surface of the oblique U-shaped open slot 9 (as shown in fig. 6), the bearing area of the pressing force is small, the strength of the bearing surface is low, and if the bolt needs to be disassembled for many times in the use process, the abrasion and the damage of the pressing force bearing surface, namely the contact part of the oblique U-shaped open slot 9 and the fastening nut 6 (through the flat washer 5) are easily caused.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to overcome prior art not enough, provide a processing degree of difficulty is little, and the processing cost is low, can simplify processing technology, improves processingquality, can improve part life's split type dysmorphism packing ring tight setting device that can the horizontal perpendicular two-way location that compresses tightly simultaneously.

The technical scheme of the utility model as follows:

a split type special-shaped gasket fastening device capable of being pressed and positioned horizontally, vertically and bidirectionally simultaneously comprises a machine tool table top (1) with a diagonal T-shaped groove (11), a base plate (2) of a target fixing part, a fixing bolt (3), a special-shaped gasket (4) and a fastening nut (6); the machine tool table surface (1) is provided with an inclined-pulling T-shaped groove (11), namely an inclined T-shaped groove; an inclined U-shaped groove (12) with the same inclination angle as the inclined T-shaped groove (11) of the machine tool table top (1) is formed in the bottom plate (2) of the target fixing part; the lower part of the special-shaped gasket (4) is obliquely inserted into an oblique U-shaped groove (12) of a bottom plate (2) of a target fixed part, and a gap is reserved between the bottom of the special-shaped gasket (4) and the upper plane of a machine tool table top (1); an oblique through hole (a bolt hole) is formed in the special-shaped gasket (4); the fixing bolt (3) is obliquely inserted into and penetrates through an oblique through hole of the special-shaped washer (4), the tail part of the fixing bolt (3) is clamped in an oblique-pulling T-shaped groove (11) of the machine tool table board (1), the head part of the fixing bolt (3) is sleeved with a fastening nut (6), and the base plate (2) of the target fixing part and the machine tool table board (1) can be locked, positioned and fixedly connected together through the fixing bolt (3) and the fastening nut (6); the upper part of the special-shaped washer (4) is wide and the lower part of the special-shaped washer is narrow, and a shoulder part formed by a wide and narrow combination part of the special-shaped washer is attached to the upper plane of the base plate (2) of the target fixing component at the U-shaped groove position to serve as a vertical pressing force bearing surface (13) and bear the component force of the pressing force generated by the fastening nut (6) in the vertical direction; the side surface of the narrower part of the lower part of the special-shaped gasket (4) is jointed with the side surface of the U-shaped groove of the bottom plate (2) of the target fixing component, and the part is used as a horizontal pressing force bearing surface (14) and bears the component force of the pressing force generated by the fastening nut (6) in the horizontal direction; the special-shaped gasket (4) and the bottom plate of the target fixing part are designed in a split mode and are processed separately.

Further, the split type special-shaped gasket fastening device capable of horizontally and vertically compressing and positioning simultaneously has the technical characteristics that: the bottom plate (2) of the target fixing part is placed on the machine tool table top (1) with the inclined-pulling T-shaped groove and is attached to the machine tool table top (1) in the horizontal direction; the outer side surface of one side of the machine tool table top (1) in the vertical direction is a sliding reference surface (7), and the inner side surface of the L-shaped bend of the side edge of the bottom plate (2) of the target fixing component in the vertical direction is attached to the sliding reference surface (7).

Further, the split type special-shaped gasket fastening device capable of horizontally and vertically compressing and positioning simultaneously has the technical characteristics that: the bottom plate (2) of the target fixing component is a bottom plate of a movable headstock, a tailstock, a central support frame (bracket) and other functional components of the machine tool.

Further, the split type special-shaped gasket fastening device capable of horizontally and vertically compressing and positioning simultaneously has the technical characteristics that: the fixing bolt (3) is a T-shaped bolt; the tail (bottom) of the fixing bolt (3) is a T-shaped block (10), namely a rectangular block; a T-shaped block (10) at the tail part (bottom) of the fixing bolt (3) is clamped in a diagonal T-shaped groove (11) of the machine tool table-board (1); the front part (head part) of the fixing bolt (3) is provided with an external thread; the fastening nut (6) is provided with an internal thread corresponding to the external thread; the fastening nut (6) is sleeved and screwed on the head of the fixing bolt (3).

Further, the split type special-shaped gasket fastening device capable of horizontally and vertically compressing and positioning simultaneously has the technical characteristics that: the head of the fixing bolt (3) is sleeved with a flat washer (5) and a fastening nut (6), the flat washer (5) is tightly attached to the head of the special-shaped washer (4), and the base plate (2) of the target fixing part and the machine tool table top (1) can be locked, positioned and fixedly connected together through the fixing bolt (3), the flat washer (5) and the fastening nut (6).

Furthermore, a long (at least one end of the) inclined T-shaped groove (11) is arranged on the machine tool table top (1), and the front side and the rear side of the bottom plate (2) of the target fixing part are respectively provided with an inclined U-shaped groove (12) with the same inclination angle as the inclined T-shaped groove (11) of the machine tool table top (1); each oblique U-shaped groove (12) is provided with a set of fixing bolt (3), a flat washer (5) and a fastening nut (6).

Further, the split type special-shaped gasket fastening device capable of horizontally and vertically compressing and positioning simultaneously has the technical characteristics that: the special-shaped gasket (4) is made of steel, an inclined through hole is formed in the middle of the special-shaped gasket, and the inclined through hole is a bolt penetrating hole.

Further, the split type special-shaped gasket fastening device capable of horizontally and vertically compressing and positioning simultaneously has the technical characteristics that: the special-shaped gasket (4) is made of steel and is hardened.

The cross section of the special-shaped gasket (4) can be square, round or other combined shapes.

But the two-way split type dysmorphism packing ring tight setting device that compresses tightly the location simultaneously of horizontal perpendicular, main innovation part lies in: the original integrated bottom plate (20) of the target fixing part with the inclined protrusions is split into the bottom plate (2) of the target fixing part and a special-shaped gasket (4), and the special-shaped gasket (4) and the bottom plate (2) of the target fixing part are designed in a split mode and are processed separately.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model discloses a but the two-way split type dysmorphism packing ring tight setting device that compresses tightly the location simultaneously of horizontal perpendicular mainly applies to and fixes a mechanical function part on another mechanical base and need compress tightly the occasion of location simultaneously on level and two perpendicular directions. The utility model has the main characteristics as follows: (1) the device can be simultaneously pressed and positioned in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the positioning precision is high; (2) the original integrated base plate of the target fixing component with the inclined protrusions is split into the special-shaped gasket and the base plate of the target fixing component, and the special-shaped gasket and the base plate of the target fixing component are manufactured separately, so that the manufacturing precision of the base plate of the target fixing component can be ensured, the processing difficulty can be greatly reduced, and the processing cost can be saved; (3) in the pressing process, the special-shaped gasket can reduce the local pressure born by the pressing part and increase the strength of the contact surface, thereby greatly prolonging the service life of the bottom plate of the target fixing part and ensuring that the bottom plate is almost not damaged.

The utility model discloses a but the two-way split type special-shaped packing ring tight setting device that compresses tightly the location simultaneously of horizontal perpendicular, its core characterized in that: the integrated target fixing part with the inclined bulge (the inclined lug) is split into a split type design of the target fixing part and a special-shaped gasket, and split processing is carried out. The special-shaped gasket in the structure is manufactured separately from the base plate of the target fixing part, so that the processing difficulty and the processing cost of the base plate of the target fixing part can be greatly reduced, the processing precision is improved, and the service life of the target fixing part is greatly prolonged; the processing of the special-shaped gasket can be completed by the common machining and linear cutting process, the processing cost is low, the special-shaped gasket can be subjected to strength treatment independently, and the special-shaped gasket is almost not damaged after being used for a long time.

The utility model discloses a but the tight setting device of split type special-shaped packing ring that horizontal perpendicular two-way compressed tightly the location simultaneously, the processing degree of difficulty is little, and the processing cost is low, and the machining precision is high, long service life, and the fastening is strong, and the location is accurate.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a split-type special-shaped gasket fastening device of the present invention, which can be horizontally, vertically, bidirectionally and simultaneously pressed and positioned;

fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the split type special-shaped gasket fastening device of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a stressed area of the split-type special-shaped gasket fastening device of the present invention (i.e., a schematic diagram of a stressed area at I in fig. 2, wherein a shaded portion is a schematic diagram of a stressed area of the structure of the present invention);

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a positioning device commonly used in the prior art;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a positioning device commonly used in the prior art;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a force-receiving area of a positioning device commonly used in the prior art (i.e., a schematic diagram of a force-receiving area at II in fig. 5, where a shaded portion is a schematic diagram of a force-receiving area of a structure commonly used in the prior art).

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a machine tool table top 2, a bottom plate 3 of a target fixing component, a fixing bolt 4, a special-shaped washer 5, a flat washer 6, a fastening nut 7, a sliding reference surface 8, an oblique convex block 9, an oblique U-shaped open slot 10, a T-shaped block (rectangular block) 11, an oblique T-shaped slot 12, an oblique U-shaped groove 13, a vertical pressing force bearing surface 14, a horizontal pressing force bearing surface 20 and an integrated bottom plate of the target fixing component with oblique protrusions

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1, the utility model relates to a split type special-shaped gasket tightening device capable of compressing and positioning horizontally, vertically and bidirectionally at the same time, which comprises a machine tool table-board 1 with a diagonal T-shaped groove 11, a bottom board 2 of a target fixing part (because the bottom board 2 of the target fixing part may be various, the bottom board 2 of the target fixing part in the utility model is replaced by a board similar to an L-shaped sliding board), a fixing bolt 3, a special-shaped gasket 4, a flat gasket 5 and a fastening nut 6 (hexagon nut); the machine tool table surface 1 is provided with an inclined-pulling T-shaped groove 11, namely an inclined T-shaped groove; an oblique U-shaped groove 12 (namely an oblique single-side opening groove which is inclined from top to bottom and has a certain inclination angle with the vertical direction, the cross section of the oblique U-shaped groove in the horizontal direction is U-shaped, and the forward or backward side of the U-shaped groove is open, namely, one side of the oblique U-shaped groove 12 on the bottom plate 2 of the target fixing component in the forward or backward direction is open); the lower part of the special-shaped gasket 4 is obliquely inserted into an oblique opening groove of the target fixing part 2, and a gap is reserved between the bottom of the special-shaped gasket 4 and the upper plane of the machine tool table board 1, namely a section is reserved and is not inserted to the bottom, so that pressing force is ensured to act on the target fixing part 2 through the special-shaped gasket 4; an oblique through hole (a bolt hole) is formed in the special-shaped gasket 4; the fixing bolt 3 is obliquely inserted into and penetrates through the oblique through hole of the special-shaped gasket 4; the fixing bolt 3 is a T-shaped bolt, and the tail part of the fixing bolt is a T-shaped block 10, namely a rectangular block; a tail T-shaped block 10 (namely a rectangular block) of the fixing bolt 3 is clamped in a diagonal T-shaped groove 11 of the machine tool table board 1; the front part (head part) of the fixing bolt 3 is provided with an external thread; the fastening nut 6 is provided with an internal thread corresponding to the external thread; the head of the fixing bolt 3 is sleeved with a flat washer 5 and a fastening nut 6, the flat washer 5 is tightly attached to the head of the special-shaped washer 4, the fastening nut 6 is sleeved and screwed on the head of the fixing bolt 3, namely the head of the fixing bolt 3 is fixed by the flat washer 5 and the fastening nut 6, and the target fixing component 2 and the machine tool table-board 1 can be locked, positioned and fixedly connected together through the fixing bolt 3, the flat washer 5 and the fastening nut 6.

As shown in fig. 1, the shaped washer 4 has a wider upper portion and a narrower lower portion, and a shoulder formed by a wide-narrow joint portion of the shaped washer is abutted against an upper plane of the base plate 2 of the target fixing member at the U-shaped groove to serve as a vertical pressing force bearing surface 13 for bearing a component force in the vertical direction of a pressing force generated by the fastening nut 6; the side surface of the narrower portion of the lower portion of the shaped washer 4 is in contact with the side surface of the U-shaped groove of the base plate 2 of the target fixing member, and serves as a horizontal pressing force bearing surface 14 which receives a component force in the horizontal direction of the pressing force from the fastening nut 6. The special-shaped gasket 4 and the bottom plate 2 of the target fixing part are designed in a split mode and are processed separately.

As shown in fig. 1, the base plate 2 of the target fixing member is placed on the machine tool table 1, the base plate 2 of the target fixing member is attached to the machine tool table 1 in the horizontal direction (X-axis and Y-axis directions), the outer side surface of one side of the machine tool table 1 in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction) is a slide reference surface 7, and the inner side surface of the L-shaped bend of the side edge of the base plate 2 of the target fixing member in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction) is attached to the slide reference surface 7.

A long inclined-pulling T-shaped groove 11 is arranged on the machine tool table top 1, and as shown in figure 2, an inclined U-shaped groove 12 with the same inclination angle as the inclined-pulling T-shaped groove 11 of the machine tool table top 1 is respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the bottom plate 2 of the target fixing part; each oblique U-shaped groove 12 is provided with a set of fixing bolt 3, a flat washer 5 and a fastening nut 6.

The special-shaped washer 4 is made of steel and is hardened; as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cross-sectional shape of the shaped washer 4 in this embodiment is square, circular, or other combined shapes.

The utility model discloses a but the perpendicular two-way split type special-shaped packing ring tight setting device who compresses tightly the location simultaneously of level's theory of operation as follows:

placing the bottom plate 2 of the target fixing part on the machine tool table top 1, moving the bottom plate 2 of the target fixing part back and forth, left and right after the upper surface and the lower surface in the vertical direction are jointed, and keeping the jointing in the horizontal direction (aligning an oblique opening groove on the bottom plate 2 of the target fixing part with a diagonal T-shaped groove on the machine tool table top 1) by adjusting the L-shaped bent part of the side edge of the bottom plate 2 of the target fixing part to be jointed with a sliding reference surface 7 on the machine tool table top 1; then, installing the special-shaped gasket 4; then, the head and the front part of the fixing bolt 3 are obliquely inserted into and penetrate through the oblique through hole of the special-shaped washer 4, and the T-shaped tail part of the fixing bolt 3 is clamped in the oblique-pulling T-shaped groove of the machine tool table board 1; finally, the head of the fixing bolt 3 is sleeved with a flat washer 5 and a fastening nut 6, and the target fixing component 2 and the machine tool table top 1 are locked (positioned and fixedly connected) together by the flat washer 5 and the fastening nut 6. Because the bolt hole of the special-shaped washer 4 forms a certain included angle with the horizontal direction, the fixing bolt 3 generates a pressing force under the locking action of the fastening nut 6, the pressing force is represented as an oblique pressing force F shown in FIG. 1, and the horizontal direction pressing force F1 and the vertical direction pressing force F2 can be obtained after decomposition, so that bidirectional and high-precision pressing positioning in the horizontal and vertical directions is realized.

In the present invention, the pressing force generated by the fastening nut 6 is transmitted to the upper end surface around the oblique through hole (bolt hole) of the special-shaped washer 4 through the flat washer 5, and the special-shaped washer 4 is supported by the whole circumferential surface in contact with the flat washer 5 (the supporting surface is shown in fig. 3), while the special-shaped washer 4 is supported by the U-shaped arc surface in the prior art (the supporting surface is shown in fig. 6). Compared with the prior art, the structure of the utility model has the advantages that the whole circumference surface contacts, the bearing area for transmitting the pressing force is large, the circumferential stress is balanced when the fastening nut 6 is locked, the deflection phenomenon can not occur, the fastening is easy and reliable, meanwhile, the special-shaped gasket 4 is separated from the bottom plate 2 of the target fixing part and is independently selected and processed, the heat treatment strengthening can be independently carried out, the strength of the bearing surface is high, and thus, the damage can hardly occur in the using process; that is to say, the utility model discloses a tight setting device experiences numerous dismantlements in the use, also can not cause the peripheral terminal surface of oblique through-hole (bolt hole) and the wearing and tearing of fastening nut 6 contact site of closing force main loading end promptly special-shaped packing ring 4, damage, more can not cause the wearing and tearing of the narrow lower part contact site of oblique U-shaped recess 12 inner wall on the bottom plate 2 of target fixed part and special-shaped packing ring 4, damage.

The utility model discloses in, dysmorphism packing ring 4's structure does not make integratively with target fixed part's bottom plate 2, but adopts the components of a whole that can function independently design, separately-processed (take former integral type to take the inclined bellied bottom plate 20 split of target fixed part to be dysmorphism packing ring 4 and target fixed part's bottom plate 2 these two parts, separately-manufactured), greatly reduced the processing degree of difficulty and processing cost on processing technology, can also ensure target fixed part's bottom plate 2's manufacturing accuracy (the processing degree of difficulty is little, processing cost is low, the processing accuracy is high). Adopt the utility model discloses a this kind of dysmorphism packing ring detachable design, because dysmorphism packing ring 4 is the bottom plate 2 that breaks away from the fixed part of target selects the material processing alone and strengthens through the heat treatment (through effective heat treatment and surface strengthening treatment promptly), can not take place the condition of damage in the use almost, also can not cause the damage of the bottom plate 2 of the fixed part of target simultaneously. In the compressing process, the local pressure born by the compressing part is reduced through the special-shaped gasket 4, so that the service life of the bottom plate 2 of the target fixing part is greatly prolonged.

The above, only the utility model discloses preferred embodiment, all be according to the utility model discloses a technical scheme does any slight modification, the equivalent change and the modification to above embodiment, all belong to the utility model discloses technical scheme's within range.

Claims

1. A split type special-shaped gasket fastening device capable of being pressed and positioned horizontally, vertically and bidirectionally simultaneously is characterized by comprising a machine tool table top (1) with a diagonal T-shaped groove (11), a base plate (2) of a target fixing part, a fixing bolt (3), a special-shaped gasket (4) and a fastening nut (6); the machine tool table surface (1) is provided with an inclined-pulling T-shaped groove (11), namely an inclined T-shaped groove; an inclined U-shaped groove (12) with the same inclination angle as the inclined T-shaped groove (11) of the machine tool table top (1) is formed in the bottom plate (2) of the target fixing part; the lower part of the special-shaped gasket (4) is obliquely inserted into an oblique U-shaped groove (12) of a bottom plate (2) of a target fixed part, and a gap is reserved between the bottom of the special-shaped gasket (4) and the upper plane of a machine tool table top (1); an oblique through hole, namely a bolt hole, is formed in the special-shaped gasket (4); the fixing bolt (3) is obliquely inserted into and penetrates through an oblique through hole of the special-shaped washer (4), the tail part of the fixing bolt (3) is clamped in an oblique-pulling T-shaped groove (11) of the machine tool table board (1), the head part of the fixing bolt (3) is sleeved with a fastening nut (6), and the base plate (2) of the target fixing part and the machine tool table board (1) can be locked, positioned and fixedly connected together through the fixing bolt (3) and the fastening nut (6); the upper part of the special-shaped washer (4) is wide and the lower part of the special-shaped washer is narrow, and a shoulder part formed by a wide and narrow combination part of the special-shaped washer is attached to the upper plane of the base plate (2) of the target fixing component at the U-shaped groove position to serve as a vertical pressing force bearing surface (13) and bear the component force of the pressing force generated by the fastening nut (6) in the vertical direction; the side surface of the narrower part of the lower part of the special-shaped gasket (4) is jointed with the side surface of the U-shaped groove of the bottom plate (2) of the target fixing component, and the part is used as a horizontal pressing force bearing surface (14) and bears the component force of the pressing force generated by the fastening nut (6) in the horizontal direction; the special-shaped gasket (4) and the bottom plate (2) of the target fixing part are designed in a split mode and are processed separately.

2. The split type special-shaped gasket fastening device capable of being pressed and positioned horizontally and vertically at the same time as in claim 1, wherein: the bottom plate (2) of the target fixing part is placed on the machine tool table top (1) with the inclined-pulling T-shaped groove (11) and is attached to the machine tool table top (1) in the horizontal direction; the outer side surface of one side of the machine tool table top (1) in the vertical direction is a sliding reference surface (7), and the inner side surface of the L-shaped bend of the side edge of the bottom plate (2) of the target fixing component in the vertical direction is attached to the sliding reference surface (7).

3. The split type special-shaped gasket fastening device capable of being simultaneously pressed and positioned in the horizontal and vertical directions as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the bottom plate (2) of the target fixing component is a movable headstock, a tailstock or a bottom plate of a central support frame of the machine tool.

4. The split type special-shaped gasket fastening device capable of being simultaneously pressed and positioned in the horizontal and vertical directions as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the fixing bolt (3) is a T-shaped bolt; the tail part of the fixing bolt (3) is a T-shaped block (10); the tail T-shaped block (10) of the fixing bolt (3) is clamped in a diagonal T-shaped groove (11) of the machine tool table-board (1); the front part, namely the head part of the fixing bolt (3) is provided with external threads; the fastening nut (6) is provided with an internal thread corresponding to the external thread; the fastening nut (6) is sleeved and screwed on the head of the fixing bolt (3).

5. The split type special-shaped gasket fastening device capable of being simultaneously pressed and positioned in the horizontal and vertical directions as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the head of the fixing bolt (3) is sleeved with a flat washer (5) and a fastening nut (6), the flat washer (5) is tightly attached to the head of the special-shaped washer (4), and the base plate (2) of the target fixing part and the machine tool table top (1) can be locked, positioned and fixedly connected together through the fixing bolt (3), the flat washer (5) and the fastening nut (6).

6. The split type special-shaped gasket fastening device capable of being simultaneously pressed and positioned in the horizontal and vertical directions according to claim 5, wherein: a long diagonal T-shaped groove (11) is arranged on the machine tool table top (1), and an inclined U-shaped groove (12) with the same inclination angle as the diagonal T-shaped groove (11) of the machine tool table top (1) is respectively formed in the front side and the rear side of the bottom plate (2) of the target fixing part; each oblique U-shaped groove (12) is provided with a set of fixing bolt (3), a flat washer (5) and a fastening nut (6).

7. The split type special-shaped gasket fastening device capable of being simultaneously pressed and positioned in the horizontal and vertical directions as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the special-shaped gasket (4) is made of steel, an inclined through hole is formed in the middle of the special-shaped gasket, and the inclined through hole is a bolt penetrating hole.

8. The split type special-shaped gasket fastening device capable of being simultaneously pressed and positioned in the horizontal and vertical directions as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the special-shaped gasket (4) is made of steel and is hardened.

9. The split type special-shaped gasket fastening device capable of being simultaneously pressed and positioned in the horizontal and vertical directions as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the cross section of the special-shaped gasket (4) is square or round.