CN212674862U - Industrial field's poisonous and harmful VOCs gas alarm device and gas alarm appearance - Google Patents
Industrial field's poisonous and harmful VOCs gas alarm device and gas alarm appearance Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN212674862U CN212674862U CN202020545033.5U CN202020545033U CN212674862U CN 212674862 U CN212674862 U CN 212674862U CN 202020545033 U CN202020545033 U CN 202020545033U CN 212674862 U CN212674862 U CN 212674862U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- air chamber
- gas
- sealing ring
- toxic
- sensor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Fluid Adsorption Or Reactions (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm device and a gas alarm instrument in an industrial field, which comprises an air chamber shell (1), a sensor circuit board (4), a gas sensor (5), a metal heat conduction ring (7), an electric heating sheet (9), a filter sheet (10) and an air chamber cover (11); the air chamber shell (1) is connected with the air chamber cover (11); the sensor circuit board (4), the gas sensor (5), the metal heat conduction ring (7), the electric heating sheet (9) and the filter sheet (10) are arranged in a space formed by the air chamber shell (1) and the air chamber cover (11). The utility model has the advantages that: the problem that the concentration of VOCs detected by the PID sensor is higher or even false alarm in rainy days or high humidity is avoided, so that the stability of the gas alarm instrument is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a gaseous detection area, in particular to harmful VOCs gaseous alarm device and gas alarm appearance of industrial field.
Background
A Photo Ionization (PID) gas sensor is a common sensing and detecting technology currently used for monitoring toxic and harmful VOCs in industrial fields. The PID sensor is a detector with very high sensitivity and wide application, and can detect Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) and other toxic and harmful gases from 10ppb with very low concentration to 10000ppm (1%) with higher concentration. Compared with the traditional detection method, the method has the important advantages of portability, small volume, high precision (ppm level), high resolution, quick response, continuous test, high real-time property, high safety and the like.
PID can detect most organic compounds, and in addition to organic compounds, PID can detect certain inorganic species, including: ammonia gas, phosphine, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxide, and the like. The PID sensor uses a vacuum ultraviolet lamp (UV) with specific ionization energy (such as 10.6eV) to generate ultraviolet light, when organic gas molecules bombard the gas molecules in an ionization chamber, the organic gas molecules contained in the gas are ionized and broken into ions with positive electricity and electrons with negative electricity, and the ions and the electrons collide with a polar plate under the action of an electric field of the polar plate, so that weak ion current capable of being detected is formed. The current generated by these ionized particles is amplified by the detector to obtain the corresponding concentration, but because the glass window of the vacuum ultraviolet bulb in the PID sensor is made of magnesium fluoride or lithium fluoride crystal, both the crystals are very active in chemical property and can easily absorb moisture, after moisture is absorbed, the surface of the bulb is expanded, the service life of the bulb and the penetration of ultraviolet light are affected, meanwhile, electrons in water can be collected by the PID sensor and amplify the signal, the output signal of the sensor is also increased, but the signal is not caused by gas concentration but caused by moisture, so that the PID sensor is very easy to generate a 'false' concentration signal in a rainy day with high humidity, and an instrument alarm is caused.
Therefore, the market urgently needs an alarm instrument which can avoid the problem of high concentration of VOCs (volatile organic compounds) and even false alarm detected by a PID (proportion integration differentiation) sensor in rainy days or high-humidity weather, so that the stability of the gas alarm instrument is improved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a poisonous and harmful VOCs gas alarm device and gas alarm appearance of industrial field, the technical scheme of the utility model be implemented like this:
a poisonous and harmful VOCs gas alarm device in an industrial field comprises an air chamber shell 1, a sensor circuit board 4, a gas sensor 5, a metal heat conduction ring 7, an electric heating sheet 9, a filter sheet 10 and an air chamber cover 11; the air chamber shell 1 is connected with the air chamber cover 11; the sensor circuit board 4, the gas sensor 5), the metal heat conduction ring 7, the electric heating sheet 9 and the filter sheet 10 are arranged in a space formed by the air chamber shell 1 and the air chamber cover 11; the sensor circuit board 4 is fixed at one end, close to the connection part of the air chamber shell 1 and an external instrument, in the air chamber shell 1; the gas sensor 5 is connected with the sensor circuit board 4; the metal heat conduction ring 7 is provided with a through hole; the gas sensor 5 is arranged in the through hole; the electric heating sheet 9 is tightly attached to and wraps the metal heat conduction ring 7; the filter sheet 10 is arranged between the metal heat conduction ring 7 and the air chamber cover 11.
Preferably, a waterproof sealing ring 2 is also included; the waterproof sealing ring 2 is a sealing ring with the outer diameter of 48 wire diameters 2; the waterproof sealing ring 2 is arranged at the joint of the air chamber shell 1 and the air chamber cover 11; also comprises a small gas sealing ring 6; the small gas sealing ring 6 is a sealing ring with the outer diameter of 20 and the linear diameter of 1.5; the material of the small gas sealing ring 6 is selected from one of nitrile rubber, fluororubber, silica gel, hydrogenated nitrile rubber and polyurethane; the small gas sealing ring 6 is positioned between the metal heat conducting ring 7 and the gas sensor 5.
Preferably, a large gas sealing ring 8 is also included; a sealing groove is formed in the metal heat conduction ring 7; the big gas seal ring 8 is arranged in the seal groove; the large gas sealing ring 8 is a sealing ring with the outer diameter of 40 and the linear diameter of 1.5; the material of the large gas sealing ring 8 is selected from one of nitrile rubber, fluororubber, silica gel, hydrogenated nitrile rubber and polyurethane.
Preferably, a set screw 3 is also included; the sensor circuit board 4 is fixed on the air chamber shell 1 by using the fixing thread; the fixing screw 3 is an M2.5x6 screw.
Preferably, the air chamber housing 1 is provided with threads; the outer part of the air chamber cover 11 is provided with threads; the air chamber shell 1 is connected with the air chamber cover 11 through threads; the material of the air chamber shell 1 and the air chamber cover 11 is selected from one of aluminum alloy, stainless steel or engineering plastics.
Preferably, the electrical heating sheet 9 is flexible; the electric heating sheet 9 is selected from one of a flexible film heating sheet and a graphene electric heating sheet 9; the filter sheet 10 is selected from one of polytetrafluoroethylene, stainless steel sintered sheet and copper sintered sheet.
Preferably, the gas sensor 5 is selected from the group comprising PID or electrochemical sensors.
The utility model provides a poisonous and harmful VOCs gas alarm instrument of industrial field, includes instrument body 13, its characterized in that: the toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm instrument in the industrial field is used; the toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm instrument for the industrial field is connected with the instrument body 13.
Preferably, the device further comprises a sensing rain cover 14 and an instrument rain cover 15; the sensor rain cover is arranged at the bottom of the toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm device on the industrial site; the meter rain cover 15 is arranged on the top of the instrument body 13.
Preferably, the device also comprises an antenna 16, a wiring port 17 and an alarm lamp 18; the antenna 16 is connected with the instrument body 13; the wiring port 17 is connected with the instrument body 13; the alarm lamp 18 is connected to the instrument body 13.
By implementing the technical scheme of the utility model, the technical problems of high VOCs concentration and even false alarm detected by the PID sensor in rainy days or high-humidity weather in the prior art can be solved; implement the technical scheme of the utility model, the VOCs concentration that can avoid under rainy day or the high wet weather PID sensor to detect out is on the high side the alert problem of wrong report even, obtains making the stability of gas alarm instrument obtain the technological effect who promotes.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm device in the industrial field of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing showing a gas alarm for toxic and harmful VOCs in an industrial field with parts broken away;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm device in an industrial site;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm in an industrial field.
In the above drawings, the reference numerals denote:
the gas sensor comprises a gas chamber shell 1, a waterproof sealing ring 2, a fixing screw 3, a sensor circuit board 4, a gas sensor 5, a small gas sealing ring 6, a metal heat conduction ring 7, a large gas sealing ring 8, an electric heating sheet 9, a filter sheet 10 and a gas chamber cover 11;
industrial field's poisonous and harmful VOCs gaseous alarm device 12, instrument body 13, the rain-proof cover of sensing 14, the rain-proof cover of instrument 15, antenna 16, wiring mouth 17, alarm lamp 18
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, an industrial site toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm apparatus includes an apparatus body 13, an industrial site toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm device 12, the industrial site toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm device 12 is connected to the apparatus body 13, and is characterized in that: the toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm device 12 for the industrial site comprises an air chamber shell 1, a sensor circuit board 4, a gas sensor 5, a metal heat conduction ring 7, an electric heating sheet 9, a filter sheet 10 and an air chamber cover 11; the air chamber shell 1 is connected with the air chamber cover 11; the sensor circuit board 4, the gas sensor 5, the metal heat conduction ring 7, the electric heating sheet 9 and the filter sheet 10 are arranged in a space formed by the air chamber shell 1 and the air chamber cover 11; the sensor circuit board 4 is fixed at one end, close to the connection part of the air chamber shell 1 and an external instrument, in the air chamber shell 1; the gas sensor 5 is connected with the sensor circuit board 4; the metal heat conduction ring 7 is provided with a through hole; the gas sensor 5 is arranged in the through hole; the electric heating sheet 9 is tightly attached to and wraps the metal heat conduction ring 7; the filter sheet 10 is arranged between the metal heat conduction ring 7 and the air chamber cover 11; the toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm device 12 for the industrial site further comprises a waterproof sealing ring 2; the waterproof sealing ring 2 is a sealing ring with the outer diameter of 48 wire diameters 2; the waterproof sealing ring 2 is arranged at the joint of the air chamber shell 1 and the air chamber cover 11; the toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm device 12 for the industrial site further comprises a small gas sealing ring 6; the small gas sealing ring 6 is a sealing ring with the outer diameter of 20 and the linear diameter of 1.5; the material of the small gas sealing ring 6 is selected from one of nitrile rubber, fluororubber, silica gel, hydrogenated nitrile rubber and polyurethane; the small gas sealing ring 6 is positioned between the metal heat conducting ring 7 and the gas sensor 5; the toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm device 12 for the industrial site further comprises a large gas sealing ring 8; a sealing groove is formed in the metal heat conduction ring 7; the atmosphere sealing ring 8 is arranged in the sealing groove; the large gas sealing ring 8 is a sealing ring with the outer diameter of 40 and the linear diameter of 1.5; the material of the large gas sealing ring 8 is selected from one of nitrile rubber, fluororubber, silica gel, hydrogenated nitrile rubber and polyurethane; the toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm device 12 for the industrial site further comprises a fixing screw 3; the sensor circuit board 4 is fixed on the air chamber shell 1 by using the fixing thread; the fixing screw 3 is an M2.5x6 screw.
In the specific embodiment, the toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm device 12 in the industrial field is used for converting a concentration signal into a voltage signal, gas enters the surface of the gas sensor 5 through the filter 10, the gas sensor 5 converts the monitored gas concentration into the voltage signal and transmits the voltage signal to the instrument body 13, and the voltage signal is processed by the instrument body 13; wherein, the electrical heating piece 9 power supply heating, the heat passes through metal heat conduction circle 7 and transmits to gas sensor 5 above, improves gas sensor 5's temperature, can greatly reduce moisture condensation to gas sensor 5 above, reduces the probability of reporting to the police by mistake.
More specifically, the gas sensor 5 is placed with its pins facing upward, the pins are inserted and fixed in the seats of the sensor circuit board 4, and the detection port of the gas sensor 5 faces downward; a small gas sealing ring 6 with the outer diameter of 20 wire diameters of 1.5 is arranged between the inside of the metal heat conduction ring 7 and the detection port of the gas sensor 5, so that external gas is isolated from entering the inside, the sensor circuit board 4 is fixed by using 3 M2.5x6 screws, and an assembly gap with the diameter of more than 0.2mm is reserved between the inner wall of the metal heat conduction ring 7 and the gas sensor 5. The electric heating piece 9 is attached to the periphery of the metal heat conduction ring 7, the joint of the electric heating piece 9 is connected to a corresponding socket of the sensor circuit board 4, and the sensor circuit board 4 can provide power for the electric heating piece 9. The metal heat conduction ring 7 is provided with a sealing ring with an outer diameter of 40 wires and a diameter of 1.5 in a sealing groove, external air is isolated from entering the air chamber shell 1, the lower end of the metal heat conduction ring 7 is provided with a filter sheet 10, particle dust in air is filtered, and particles are prevented from being adsorbed on a sensor. The threaded connection of the air chamber shell 1 and the air chamber cover 11 is provided with a sealing ring with the outer diameter of 48 wire diameters 2, so that liquid such as rainwater is prevented from leaking to the filter sheet 10 from a thread gap, air holes of the filter sheet 10 are blocked, and gas is prevented from entering the air chamber shell 1.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, the air chamber housing 1 is provided with threads; the outer part of the air chamber cover 11 is provided with threads; the air chamber shell 1 is connected with the air chamber cover 11 through threads; the material of the air chamber shell 1 and the air chamber cover 11 is selected from one of aluminum alloy, stainless steel or engineering plastics.
In this preferred embodiment, the air chamber housing 1 is screwed to the revealing cover for easy disassembly and assembly.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the electric heating sheet 9 is selected from one of a flexible film heating sheet and a graphene electric heating sheet 9.
In such a preferred embodiment, in order to attach the electric heating sheet 9 to the metal heat conductive ring 7, a flexible heat conductive sheet such as a flexible film heating sheet or a graphene electric heating sheet 9 is generally used.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the filter sheet 10 is selected from one of polytetrafluoroethylene, stainless steel sintered sheet and copper sintered sheet.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, the gas sensor 5 is selected from the group consisting of a PID or electrochemical sensor.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the sensor rain cover 14 and the meter rain cover 15 are further included; the sensor rain cover is arranged at the bottom of the sensor module; the meter rain cover 15 is arranged on the top of the instrument body 13.
In the preferred embodiment, the sensing rain cover 14 and the instrument rain cover 15 prevent rainwater from entering the toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm device 12 or the instrument body 13 in an industrial field, so as to avoid other problems caused by the instrument body 13 and the toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm device 12 in the industrial field due to dampness.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the device further comprises an antenna 16, a wiring port 17 and an alarm lamp 18; the antenna 16 is connected with the instrument body 13; the wiring port 17 is connected with the instrument body 13; the alarm lamp 18 is connected to the instrument body 13.
In the preferred embodiment, the information collected by the gas sensor 5 is transmitted to the instrument body 13, the instrument body 13 transmits the related information to the outside through the antenna 16 and the wiring port 17, and meanwhile, if the instrument body 13 finds that a warning needs to be given out, the alarm information is issued to surrounding people through the flashing alarm lamp 18.
It should be understood that the above description is only exemplary of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and that any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a poisonous and harmful VOCs gaseous alarm device of industrial field which characterized in that: comprises an air chamber shell (1), a sensor circuit board (4), a gas sensor (5), a metal heat conduction ring (7), an electric heating sheet (9), a filter sheet (10) and an air chamber cover (11);
the air chamber shell (1) is connected with the air chamber cover (11); the sensor circuit board (4), the gas sensor (5), the metal heat conduction ring (7), the electric heating sheet (9) and the filter sheet (10) are arranged in a space formed by the air chamber shell (1) and the air chamber cover (11);
the sensor circuit board (4) is fixed at one end, close to the connection part of the air chamber shell (1) and an external instrument, in the air chamber shell (1);
the gas sensor (5) is connected with the sensor circuit board (4);
the metal heat conduction ring (7) is provided with a through hole; the gas sensor (5) is arranged in the through hole;
the electric heating sheet (9) is tightly attached to and wraps the metal heat conduction ring (7);
the filter sheet (10) is arranged between the metal heat conduction ring (7) and the air chamber cover (11).
2. The device for alarming toxic and harmful VOCs gas in the industrial field according to claim 1, wherein: the waterproof sealing ring is characterized by also comprising a waterproof sealing ring (2); the waterproof sealing ring (2) is a sealing ring with the outer diameter of 48 wire diameters 2; the waterproof sealing ring (2) is arranged at the joint of the air chamber shell (1) and the air chamber cover (11);
also comprises a small gas sealing ring (6); the small gas sealing ring (6) is a sealing ring with the outer diameter of 20 and the linear diameter of 1.5; the small gas sealing ring (6) is made of one of nitrile rubber, fluororubber, silica gel, hydrogenated nitrile rubber and polyurethane; the small gas sealing ring (6) is positioned between the metal heat conduction ring (7) and the gas sensor (5).
3. The device for alarming toxic and harmful VOCs gas in the industrial field according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises an atmosphere sealing ring (8); a sealing groove is formed in the metal heat conduction ring (7); the atmosphere sealing ring (8) is arranged in the sealing groove; the large air sealing ring (8) is a sealing ring with the outer diameter of 40 and the linear diameter of 1.5; the material of the atmosphere sealing ring (8) is selected from one of nitrile rubber, fluororubber, silica gel, hydrogenated nitrile rubber and polyurethane.
4. The device for alarming toxic and harmful VOCs gas in the industrial field according to claim 1, wherein: also comprises a fixing screw (3); the sensor circuit board (4) is fixed on the air chamber shell (1) by using the fixing screws; the fixing screw (3) is an M2.5x6 screw.
5. The device for alarming toxic and harmful VOCs gas in the industrial field according to claim 1, wherein: the air chamber shell (1) is provided with threads; the outer part of the air chamber cover (11) is provided with threads; the air chamber shell (1) is connected with the air chamber cover (11) through threads; the material of the air chamber shell (1) and the air chamber cover (11) is selected from one of aluminum alloy, stainless steel or engineering plastics.
6. The device for alarming toxic and harmful VOCs gas in the industrial field according to claim 1, wherein: the electric heating sheet (9) is flexible; the electric heating sheet (9) is selected from one of a flexible film heating sheet and a graphene electric heating sheet (9); the filter sheet (10) is selected from one of polytetrafluoroethylene, a stainless steel sintered sheet and a copper sintered sheet.
7. The device for alarming toxic and harmful VOCs gas in the industrial field according to claim 1, wherein: the gas sensor (5) is selected from the group consisting of a PID or an electrochemical sensor.
8. The utility model provides a poisonous and harmful VOCs gas alarm instrument of industrial field, includes instrument body (13), its characterized in that: use of an industrial site toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm device according to any one of claims 1 to 7; the toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm instrument for the industrial site is connected with the instrument body (13).
9. The gas alarm instrument for toxic and harmful VOCs in industrial field according to claim 8, wherein: the device also comprises a sensing rainproof cover (14) and an instrument rainproof cover (15); the sensor rain cover is arranged at the bottom of the toxic and harmful VOCs gas alarm device on the industrial site; the instrument rain cover (15) is arranged at the top of the instrument body (13).
10. The gas alarm instrument for toxic and harmful VOCs in industrial field according to claim 8, wherein: the device also comprises an antenna (16), a wiring port (17) and an alarm lamp (18); the antenna (16) is connected with the instrument body (13); the wiring port (17) is connected with the instrument body (13); the alarm lamp (18) is connected with the instrument body (13).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020545033.5U CN212674862U (en) | 2020-04-14 | 2020-04-14 | Industrial field's poisonous and harmful VOCs gas alarm device and gas alarm appearance |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020545033.5U CN212674862U (en) | 2020-04-14 | 2020-04-14 | Industrial field's poisonous and harmful VOCs gas alarm device and gas alarm appearance |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN212674862U true CN212674862U (en) | 2021-03-09 |
Family
ID=74811517
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020545033.5U Active CN212674862U (en) | 2020-04-14 | 2020-04-14 | Industrial field's poisonous and harmful VOCs gas alarm device and gas alarm appearance |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN212674862U (en) |
-
2020
- 2020-04-14 CN CN202020545033.5U patent/CN212674862U/en active Active
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA2467859C (en) | Ionisation devices | |
| CN206833654U (en) | A kind of smoke alarm for reducing false alarm rate | |
| CN212674862U (en) | Industrial field's poisonous and harmful VOCs gas alarm device and gas alarm appearance | |
| CN2898824Y (en) | Quantitative SF gas leakage detector | |
| CN118155380A (en) | Pipeline cable protection device and method | |
| CN111999376A (en) | PID-Tvoc on-line monitoring system | |
| US3751969A (en) | Detection system | |
| CN214844966U (en) | Gas detection device | |
| JP2008164305A (en) | Electrochemical sensor, target gas monitor device, and concentration detection method of electrochemical sensor | |
| CN212301401U (en) | Silicon-resistant electrochemical gas sensor | |
| CN207472823U (en) | A kind of high life photoion gas detector | |
| CN208873257U (en) | A kind of smoke sensing device of safety defense monitoring system | |
| CN107727731B (en) | High life photo ion gas detector | |
| US3725011A (en) | Automatic fire alarm with at least one measuring chamber | |
| CN206133850U (en) | But can fix a position free -standing fire detector of just protection against insects | |
| CN202956367U (en) | Rapid hazardous gas detector | |
| CN217766213U (en) | Ionization chamber device for photoionization sensor | |
| CN106846710A (en) | A kind of novel domestic intelligence smoke alarm | |
| CN212262826U (en) | Dehumidification device and electrical equipment | |
| CN216769069U (en) | Explosion-proof room for on-line analysis of fuel hydrogen | |
| CN220040320U (en) | Carbon monoxide concentration monitor | |
| EP3146319B1 (en) | Fuse for detecting failure of gas trap | |
| CN220584112U (en) | Semiconductor sensor and VOCs monitoring devices | |
| CN219456016U (en) | GIS equipment insulating gas detection device | |
| CN217845776U (en) | Online oil smoke monitoring device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |