CN212658823U - Real-time deep sea inverse echo observation system - Google Patents
Real-time deep sea inverse echo observation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN212658823U CN212658823U CN202020035299.5U CN202020035299U CN212658823U CN 212658823 U CN212658823 U CN 212658823U CN 202020035299 U CN202020035299 U CN 202020035299U CN 212658823 U CN212658823 U CN 212658823U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the ocean is equipped, concretely relates to real-time reverse echo observation system in deep sea. The real-time echo observation instrument comprises a real-time echo observation instrument and a water surface unit; the real-time echo observation instrument comprises a shared acoustic transducer, an instrument cabin, a core circuit board and a battery pack, wherein the shared acoustic transducer is used for collecting sound propagation time data and transmitting the sound propagation time data to the water surface unit; the shared acoustic transducer is arranged at the top of the instrument cabin, and the core circuit board and the battery pack are arranged in the instrument cabin; the water surface unit is in communication connection with the real-time echo observation instrument through the shared acoustic transducer, and the water surface unit receives sound propagation time data transmitted by the real-time echo observation instrument in real time. The system can transmit the sound propagation time data in real time by means of an underwater sound communication technology; the real-time transmission of the VATT data of the vertical sound wave propagation time can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the marine equipment, concretely relates to real-time reverse echo observation system in deep sea can realize transmission of perpendicular sound wave propagation time VATT data real-time.
Background
An echo sounder is an instrument that is installed on the sea floor to measure the vertical sound transit time from the sea floor to the sea surface. The working principle is that a transducer is arranged on the sea bottom surface and transmits sound waves upwards, when the transmitted sound waves are reflected back to a receiving transducer through the sea level, the Time difference between the transmitted sound waves and the receiving transducer is the Time for vertical sound wave propagation (VATT). The observation data VATT can be acquired by reading the storage device after the inverse echometer is recovered, is used for monitoring the fluctuation of the ocean main thermocline, and indirectly calculates the changes of water body parameters such as temperature, salinity and density at different depths by combining pressure data and historical hydrological data by using an empirical formula.
At the present technical level, when deep sea observation is carried out, observed scientific data cannot be transmitted back to a ground control center in real time, the deep sea equipment needs to be recycled every year so as to obtain the scientific data obtained in the past time period, and a large amount of labor and material cost is consumed. And as the working period of deep sea equipment is usually years, the observed marine environment data can only be obtained after successful recovery. A lot of time is consumed if the data quality is in a problem; and the obtained data has no real effect, on-site real-time marine environmental factor observation data cannot be obtained, and the marine state cannot be remotely monitored according to emergency requirements. In addition, with the demand of the forecast prediction system for on-site observation data and the real-time demand of the marine military research field for specific marine physical parameters, the deep sea observation equipment in the prior art cannot meet the demands of the fields.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above technical problem, the present invention provides a real-time deep-sea inverse echo observation system, which can perform real-time transmission of acoustic propagation time data by means of an underwater acoustic communication technology; the method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining sound propagation time from the sea bottom to the sea surface through a shared acoustic transducer, then transmitting the sound propagation time to a water surface unit through an underwater acoustic communication machine by means of the shared transducer, and finally transmitting data to a land-based data center by means of a satellite communication system of the water surface unit.
The utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:
a real-time deep sea inverse echo observation system comprises a real-time echo observation instrument and a water surface unit;
the real-time echo observation instrument comprises a shared acoustic transducer, an instrument cabin, a core circuit board and a battery pack, wherein the shared acoustic transducer is used for collecting sound propagation time data and transmitting the sound propagation time data to the water surface unit; the shared acoustic transducer is placed on the top of the instrument pod;
the water surface unit is in wireless communication connection with the real-time echo observation instrument through the shared acoustic transducer, and the water surface unit receives sound propagation time data transmitted by the real-time echo observation instrument in real time.
Furthermore, the shared acoustic transducer is connected with the core circuit board, and the core circuit board comprises a main control module, and a sound wave time acquisition module, an underwater acoustic communication module and an acoustic transducer driving module which are connected with the main control module; the main control module is provided with a control interface, a data interface, an RS-232 interface and a storage card for storing data, wherein the control interface, the data interface and the RS-232 interface are used for being connected with other modules.
Further, the shared acoustic transducer adopts a deep sea underwater acoustic transducer with the center frequency of 12kHz, the frequency bandwidth of 150Hz, the maximum working water depth of 5600 m, conical wave beams and an opening angle of 40-120 degrees, and the deep sea underwater acoustic transducer is used for collecting the sound propagation time;
and the shared acoustic transducer switches the use right of the transducer by virtue of a relay, and performs high-speed stable real-time transmission within a communication distance of 10 kilometers at a speed of 300-6000 bps by virtue of the underwater acoustic communication module.
Further, the water surface unit includes: the underwater sound power supply device comprises an external cabin body, an internal cabin body arranged in the external cabin body, a control unit, an underwater sound MODEM receiving unit, an acoustic-electric conversion unit, a satellite communication unit and a power supply unit;
the control unit, the underwater acoustic MODEM receiving unit, the sound-electricity conversion unit and the satellite communication unit are all arranged on the same bottom plate in parallel; the power supply unit is arranged below the bottom plate and supplies power to the core circuit by virtue of an electric wire;
the underwater sound MODEM receiving unit is used for receiving the acoustic propagation time data transmitted upwards by the underwater real-time echo observation instrument, the acoustic-electric conversion unit is used for converting acoustic signals and electric signals, and the satellite communication unit is used for completing satellite communication transmission of the acoustic propagation time data.
Further, in the water surface unit, the underwater acoustic MODEM receiving unit adopts a multi-system underwater acoustic communication technology, including MFSK, OFDM and spread spectrum communication technology;
the satellite communication unit adopts various satellite communication technologies, including a domestic Beidou satellite communication system, an iridium satellite communication system and a domestic skyward satellite communication system.
Further, the real-time deep-sea inverse echo observation system further comprises a release mechanism and a main body supporting unit; the release mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the instrument cabin; the main body support unit is connected with the instrument cabin.
Furthermore, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged inside the instrument chamber.
The utility model has the advantages of:
the utility model provides a real-time deep sea inverse echo observation system, can pass back deep sea sound propagation time data to land-based data center with equal frequency once per hour or once per three hours through underwater acoustic communication technology and satellite communication technology; the method is characterized in that the method is distributed in a matrix manner in an observation sea area, and a group of data is acquired every 10 minutes, so that the problem that the buoy and the submerged buoy cannot acquire high-spatial-temporal-resolution marine environment data in the prior art can be solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, illustrating a real-time deep-sea inverse echo observation system.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of an electronic system of a water surface unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a shared acoustic transducer; 2. an instrument pod; 3. a core circuit board; 4. a release mechanism; 5. a main body supporting unit; 22. a lower cabin; 23. a power supply unit; 24. an inner hull; 25. a control unit; 26. an acoustic MODEM receiving unit; 27. an acoustic-electric conversion unit; 28. a satellite communication unit; 29. an upper cabin body.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents and alternatives which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention to the public, certain specific details are set forth in the following detailed description of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
Aiming at the problems that in the prior art, sound propagation time data observed in deep sea cannot be transmitted back to a ground control center in real time, recovery of deep sea equipment is required every year so as to obtain scientific data obtained in the past time period, and a large amount of labor and material cost is consumed; and because the working cycle of deep sea equipment is usually years, the marine environment data under observation and recording can only be obtained after being successfully recovered, and the like.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a real-time deep sea inverse echo observation system, through the round trip propagation time (being sound propagation time data) of drive deep sea sharing underwater acoustic transducer measurement sound wave from the seabed to the perpendicular route of rough sea, the sound propagation time data that will gather later through the underwater acoustic communication technique is passed back to land-based data center through the surface of water unit is real-time, with the help of historical CTD (warm and salt depth) data and GEM (experience model) algorithm, according to the propagation time inversion ocean temperature that acquires in real time, salinity, hydrology and power signal such as ocean current, for deep understanding and mastering the real-time three-dimensional circulation structure of deep sea ocean, change law and to climate change's influence, powerful technical guarantee is provided.
As shown in fig. 1, the real-time deep-sea inverse echo observation system provided in this embodiment includes a real-time echo observation instrument and a water surface unit;
the real-time echo observation instrument comprises a shared acoustic transducer 1, an instrument cabin 2, a core circuit board 3 and a battery pack, wherein the shared acoustic transducer 1 is used for collecting sound propagation time data and transmitting the sound propagation time data to the water surface unit; the shared acoustic transducer 1 is placed on top of the instrument pod 2;
the water surface unit is in wireless communication connection with the real-time echo observation instrument through the shared acoustic transducer 1, and the water surface unit receives sound propagation time data transmitted by the real-time echo observation instrument in real time.
Preferably, the instrument chamber 2 is used for providing a deep sea pressure-resistant water-tight cabin body for the core circuit board 3 and the battery pack, and in the embodiment, 17 inch glass balls with a diameter of 43 cm and a pressure resistance of 6700 m can be adopted for the instrument chamber 2;
in this embodiment, the shared acoustic transducer 1 is connected to the core circuit board 3, and the core circuit board 3 includes a main control module, and a sound wave time acquisition module, an underwater acoustic communication module, and an acoustic transducer driving module, which are connected to the main control module; the main control module is provided with a control interface, a data interface, an RS-232 interface and a memory card for data storage, wherein the control interface, the data interface and the RS-232 interface are connected with other modules (the other modules comprise a sound wave time acquisition module, an underwater sound communication module and an acoustic transducer driving module).
Preferably, the sound wave time acquisition module, the underwater acoustic communication module and the acoustic transducer driving module respectively adopt a sound wave time acquisition circuit, an underwater acoustic communication circuit and an acoustic transducer driving circuit; the sound wave time acquisition circuit is mainly responsible for acquiring echo signals returned from the water surface and judging effective echo signals according to the door opening time and power detection; the underwater acoustic communication circuit is mainly responsible for converting effective echo data acquired by the acoustic time acquisition circuit into acoustic signals and transmitting the acoustic signals to the water surface communication unit through an underwater acoustic channel; the acoustic transducer driving circuit is mainly responsible for matching the transducer with an acoustic wave time acquisition circuit, so that the sound production efficiency of the transducer is improved, and the overall power consumption of the real-time deep-sea inverse echo observation system is reduced. The three parts of circuits are all realized by adopting the mature prior art on the market at present so as to ensure the long-term stable work of the whole observation system.
In the embodiment, the shared acoustic transducer 1 adopts a deep sea underwater acoustic transducer with a center frequency of 12kHz, a frequency bandwidth of 150Hz, a maximum working water depth of 5600 m, a conical beam and an opening angle of 40-120 degrees, and the deep sea underwater acoustic transducer is used for collecting sound propagation time;
and the shared acoustic transducer 1 switches the use right of the transducer by virtue of a relay, and performs high-speed stable real-time transmission within a communication distance of 10 kilometers at a speed of 300-6000 bps by virtue of the underwater acoustic communication module.
The method comprises the following steps of acquiring sound propagation time data and transmitting the sound propagation time data by adopting a shared acoustic transducer 1, wherein the process specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, a signal generating circuit of the underwater acoustic transducer generates an electric signal, then the electric signal is converted into an oscillating sound wave signal through the oscillator, the oscillating sound wave signal is sent out by the sound wave transmitter, the transmitting opening is smaller than one-way 45 degrees, after the signal is reflected back from the sea surface, the sound wave receiver receives the sound signal, the sound signal is converted into the electric signal through the converter, and the electric signal is transmitted to the water surface unit.
In this embodiment, the water surface unit includes: the underwater sound monitoring system comprises an external cabin, an internal cabin 24 arranged in the external cabin, a control unit 25, an underwater sound MODEM receiving unit 26, an acoustic-electric conversion unit 27, a satellite communication unit 28 and a power supply unit 23;
the control unit 25, the underwater acoustic MODEM receiving unit 26, the acoustic-electric conversion unit 27, and the satellite communication unit 28 are all placed in parallel on the same bottom plate, and the power supply unit 23 is disposed below the bottom plate and supplies power to the core circuit by means of wires;
the control unit 25 is configured to complete timing control of data acquisition and data transmission, the underwater sound MODEM receiving unit 26 is configured to complete receiving of sound propagation time data transmitted upwards by the underwater real-time echo observation instrument, the acoustic-electric conversion unit 27 is configured to complete mutual conversion between an acoustic signal and an electric signal, and the satellite communication unit 28 is configured to complete satellite communication transmission of the sound propagation time data.
In this embodiment, in the water surface unit, the underwater acoustic MODEM receiving unit 26 employs a multi-system underwater acoustic communication technology, including MFSK, OFDM, and spread spectrum communication technology; the satellite communication unit 28 adopts various satellite communication technologies, including a domestic Beidou satellite communication system, an iridium satellite communication system, a domestic skynet satellite communication system and the like, and can solve the problem of low-cost real-time transmission of large-capacity data under the condition of high sea conditions.
Preferably, the outer hull is comprised of a lower hull 22 and an upper hull 29. And the inner hull 24 is made of glass spheres of a silicon-boron material.
Wherein, the surface of water unit has integrateed underwater sound MODEM receiving element 26 and satellite communication unit to inside cabin body 24 is the glass ball, can produce buoyancy with the help of the glass microballon material, ensures the surface of water unit gesture and satellite antenna and goes out the water gesture, ensures satellite communication quality.
In this embodiment, the real-time deep-sea inverse echo observation system further includes a release mechanism 4 and a main body supporting unit 5; the release mechanism 4 is arranged at the bottom of the instrument cabin 2; the main body supporting unit 5 is connected with the instrument cabin 2;
preferably, the core circuit board 3 further includes a fuse release module, and the fuse release module is connected to the release mechanism 4 by using a fuse release circuit. The release mechanism 4 adopts a fusing type releaser which is arranged between the instrument cabin and the anchor system and takes seawater as a medium to release by means of electrochemical reaction.
The main body supporting unit 5 is made of corrosion-resistant manganese steel, the shape of the main body supporting unit is a truncated cone, a small steel ring at the upper end of the main body supporting unit is used for placing the instrument cabin 2, and a large steel ring at the lower end of the main body supporting unit is used for arranging the seat bottom of the whole real-time echo observation instrument.
In the embodiment, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are also arranged in the instrument chamber;
the process of performing echo observation by using the real-time deep-sea inverse echo observation system provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining sound propagation time from a sea bottom to a sea surface through a underwater acoustic transducer, then transmitting the sound propagation time to a water surface unit through an underwater acoustic communicator by means of a shared transducer, finally transmitting data to a land-based data center by means of a satellite communication system of the water surface unit, and further inverting physical parameters such as deep sea temperature, salinity, density and ocean current by means of real-time sound propagation time to obtain physical parameters for researching the temperature, the salinity and the density current of a sea area in real time.
The utility model provides a real-time deep sea inverse echo observation system, can pass back deep sea sound propagation time to land-based data center with equal frequency once per hour or once per three hours through underwater acoustic communication technology and satellite communication technology; the observation sea area is distributed in a matrix mode, a group of data is collected every 10 minutes, and the problem that the buoy and the submerged buoy cannot acquire high-space-time-resolution marine environment data in the prior art is solved. The deep sea temperature salt dense flow physical parameter section observation system is high and new technology equipment integrating multiple disciplines and ocean investigation and measurement, is arranged on the deep sea bottom, has good low-temperature characteristic and low power consumption characteristic, and can carry out three-dimensional comprehensive monitoring on ocean power parameters and environmental elements in a long-term and concealed manner.
The utility model discloses the reverse echo appearance of development is the round trip propagation time of measuring the perpendicular route of sound wave from the seabed to rough sea to according to hydrology and power signals such as propagation time inversion ocean temperature, salinity, ocean current. The core technical problem is to develop a water surface data transmission unit integrating an underwater acoustic communication technology and a satellite communication technology, wherein the same transducer is shared by sound propagation time data acquisition and the underwater acoustic communication, a sensor system, an electronic system, a mooring system and a recovery system are developed and integrated at the same time, an acoustic signal processing and inversion system is established at the same time, and marine hydrology and power signals are extracted according to sound wave propagation time.
The utility model discloses there is following innovation point: (1) integrating multi-system underwater acoustic communication technologies (such as MFSK, OFDM, spread spectrum communication and the like) and various satellite communication technologies (home-made Beidou satellite communication, iridium satellite communication system, home-made skynet satellite communication and the like) to a water surface data transmission unit, and solving the problem of low-cost real-time transmission of high-capacity data under the condition of high sea; (2) the same transducer is shared by sound propagation time data acquisition and underwater sound communication, so that the system structure is simplified, the cost is reduced, and the system stability is improved; (3) the development of the acoustic transducer in the temperature, salt and dense flow parameter profile observation system is specially directed at the observation requirements of special hydrological and dynamic structures in offshore and western pacific China.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A real-time deep sea inverse echo observation system is characterized by comprising a real-time echo observation instrument and a water surface unit;
the real-time echo observation instrument comprises a shared acoustic transducer (1) for collecting sound propagation time data and transmitting the sound propagation time data to the water surface unit, an instrument cabin (2), a core circuit board (3) and a battery pack, wherein the core circuit board (3) is arranged in the instrument cabin (2); the shared acoustic transducer (1) is placed on top of the instrument pod (2);
the water surface unit is in wireless communication connection with the real-time echo observation instrument through the shared acoustic transducer (1), and the water surface unit receives sound propagation time data transmitted by the real-time echo observation instrument in real time.
2. The real-time deep-sea inverse echo observation system according to claim 1, wherein the shared acoustic transducer (1) is connected to the core circuit board (3), and the core circuit board (3) comprises a main control module, and a sound wave time acquisition module, an underwater acoustic communication module and an acoustic transducer driving module which are connected to the main control module; the main control module is provided with a control interface, a data interface, an RS-232 interface and a storage card for storing data, wherein the control interface, the data interface and the RS-232 interface are used for being connected with other modules.
3. The real-time deep-sea inverse echo observation system according to claim 1, wherein the shared acoustic transducer (1) is a deep-sea underwater acoustic transducer having a center frequency of 12kHz, a frequency bandwidth of 150Hz, a maximum operating water depth of 5600 m, a conical beam, and an opening angle of 40 ° -120 °, and is used for acquiring an acoustic propagation time;
and the shared acoustic transducer (1) switches the use right of the transducer by virtue of a relay, and performs high-speed stable real-time transmission within a communication distance of 10 kilometers at a speed of 300bps-6000bps by virtue of an underwater acoustic communication module.
4. The real-time deep-sea inverse echo observation system according to claim 1, wherein the surface unit comprises: the underwater sound monitoring system comprises an external cabin body, an internal cabin body (24) arranged in the external cabin body, a control unit (25), an underwater sound MODEM receiving unit (26), an acoustic-electric conversion unit (27), a satellite communication unit (28) and a power supply unit (23);
the control unit (25), the underwater acoustic MODEM receiving unit (26), the sound-electricity conversion unit (27) and the satellite communication unit (28) are all placed on the same bottom plate in parallel; the power supply unit (23) is arranged below the bottom plate and supplies power to the core circuit by virtue of an electric wire;
the control unit (25) is used for completing time sequence control of data acquisition and data transmission, the underwater sound MODEM receiving unit (26) is used for completing receiving of acoustic propagation time data transmitted upwards by the underwater real-time echo observation instrument, the acoustic-electric conversion unit (27) is used for completing mutual conversion of acoustic signals and electric signals, and the satellite communication unit (28) is used for completing satellite communication transmission of the acoustic propagation time data.
5. The real-time deep-sea inverse echo observation system according to claim 4, wherein in the surface unit, the underwater acoustic MODEM receiving unit (26) adopts multi-system underwater acoustic communication technology, including MFSK, OFDM and spread spectrum communication technology;
the satellite communication unit (28) adopts a plurality of satellite communication technologies, including a domestic Beidou satellite communication system, an iridium satellite communication system and a domestic skyward satellite communication system.
6. The real-time deep-sea inverse echo observing system according to claim 1, further comprising a releasing mechanism (4) and a main body supporting unit (5); the release mechanism (4) is arranged at the bottom of the instrument cabin (2); the main body supporting unit (5) is connected with the instrument cabin (2).
7. The real-time deep-sea inverse echo observation system according to claim 1, wherein a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are further arranged inside the instrument chamber.
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