CN212648494U - Feed horn antenna - Google Patents
Feed horn antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN212648494U CN212648494U CN202021544789.4U CN202021544789U CN212648494U CN 212648494 U CN212648494 U CN 212648494U CN 202021544789 U CN202021544789 U CN 202021544789U CN 212648494 U CN212648494 U CN 212648494U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a feed horn antenna belongs to communication technology field. The antenna comprises a radio frequency plug-in and a radiation horn with two radiation flat plates and two closing plates, wherein the radiation flat plates and the closing plates are arranged at intervals to enclose the radiation horn with a horn-shaped structure; an included angle is formed between the two radiation flat plates and the two radiation flat plates are rotationally symmetrical with the central axis of the radiation horn; the two closing plates are parallel to each other and are rotationally symmetrical with the central axis of the radiation horn; the radiation flat plate and the closing plate are vertical to each other; the two radiating plates are respectively connected with the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the radio frequency plug-in unit through two parallel plate feeders which are parallel to each other; and a short-circuit lead for connecting the two parallel plate feeders is also arranged between the two parallel plate feeders. The utility model has the characteristics of it is miniaturized, axial ratio bandwidth is wide, compact structure, can realize broadband circular polarization radiation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the communication technology field, in particular to feed horn antenna.
Background
At present, the frequency spectrum of communication in the satellite communication field is wider and higher, and the requirement on radio frequency terminals is higher and higher, so that the working bandwidth of the antenna is required to be widened gradually.
Satellite communication and navigation communication systems often require devices to have both receiving and signaling functions; because the frequency bands for receiving and transmitting signals are different, the requirement for the antenna is that the antenna operates in multiple frequencies and broadband; with the rapid development of the phased array antenna technology, the phased array antenna has unique technical advantages so that the phased array antenna is more and more emphasized by the great engineering technicians, the antenna radiation unit is used as one of the key technical components of the phased array antenna, and the excellent degree of the performance of the antenna radiation unit directly influences the satellite communication quality.
At present, circularly polarized microstrip antennas mainly have the following forms:
1. diagonal corner cut circular polarization microstrip antenna: the antenna in the form has a simple structure and a low profile, but the axial ratio and the standing wave bandwidth of the antenna are less than 2%.
2. The axis ratio and standing wave bandwidth of the microstrip antenna in the circular polarization microstrip antenna form of the integrated electric bridge are wider, the axis ratio bandwidth of the microstrip antenna in the circular polarization microstrip antenna form is usually less than 3dB and is more than 15%, the standing wave bandwidth of the microstrip antenna in the circular polarization microstrip antenna form is less than 2 and is more than 20%, but the external circular polarization electric bridge occupies a larger space, is long in feeder line and has larger difference loss, and the integrated design of the antenna and the network is not.
3. Compared with the traditional circularly polarized microstrip antenna, the circularly polarized microstrip antenna in the form has the characteristics of impedance and wide axial ratio bandwidth, but due to the asymmetry of the slot structure, the wider axial ratio bandwidth is usually realized by loading an isolation resistor, so that two problems are caused: on one hand, the isolation resistors need to be welded manually, and when the array scale is large, huge workload is needed, and the consistency of unit welding is difficult to ensure; on the other hand, the isolation resistance causes a certain difference loss, resulting in a reduction of the radiation gain to a different extent.
The circularly polarized microstrip antennas have the advantages and the disadvantages, and although the characteristics of individual indexes are better, the common defect of the circularly polarized microstrip antennas is that the circularly polarized microstrip antennas cannot meet the technical requirements of miniaturized broadband operation, particularly as a broadband digital beam scanning array antenna unit technology, the circularly polarized microstrip antennas have large scale quantity and low-cost processing process design, and are also very important.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model provides a feed horn antenna. The antenna has the characteristics of miniaturization, wide axial ratio bandwidth, compact structure and capability of realizing broadband circular polarization radiation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a feed horn antenna comprises a radio frequency plug-in and a radiation horn with two radiation flat plates and two closing plates, wherein the radiation flat plates and the closing plates are arranged at intervals to form the radiation horn with a horn-shaped structure in a surrounding mode;
the radiation flat plate is a rectangular aluminum plate with two groups of gap structures, and the two groups of gap structures are in mirror symmetry with a rectangular central axis perpendicular to the rectangular wide side; the gap structures comprise a starting gap, a middle gap and a tail end gap, and the starting gap and the tail end gap are parallel to the central axis of the rectangle and are positioned on the same side of the central axis of the rectangle; the distance between the starting gap and the central line of the rectangle is smaller than the distance between the tail end gap and the central line of the rectangle; the middle gap is in a broken line form with only one bending angle, the initial section of the middle gap is an extended end part and is on the same straight line with the initial gap, and the tail section of the middle gap is on the same straight line with the tail end gap; each radiation flat plate is also provided with a right trapezoid notch, and the upper bottom edge of the right trapezoid notch is positioned at the opening of the notch; an included angle is formed between the two radiation flat plates and the two radiation flat plates are rotationally symmetrical with the central axis of the radiation horn;
a right-angled triangle notch is also arranged at the position where the tail end of the sealing plate is connected with the radiation flat plate, and the hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle is superposed with the side of the radiation flat plate; the two sealing plates are parallel to each other and are rotationally symmetrical with the central axis of the radiation horn;
the radiation flat plate and the closing plate are vertical to each other; the two radiating plates are respectively connected with the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the radio frequency plug-in unit through two parallel plate feeders which are parallel to each other; and a short-circuit lead for connecting the two parallel plate feeders is also arranged between the two parallel plate feeders.
Further, the parallel plate feeder is an aluminum plate.
The utility model adopts the beneficial effect that above-mentioned technical scheme produced lies in:
1. the utility model discloses a radiation loudspeaker have simple structure compactness as the irradiator of antenna, the characteristics that the electric size is little.
2. The utility model has the characteristics of circular polarization axial ratio radiation bandwidth is wide, and the isolation is high, and active standing wave is little, can satisfy digital multi-beam antenna to radiating element's the little size requirement of electricity technical requirement, the low-cost technology of adoption simultaneously realizes extensive low-cost processing in batches.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the radiation plate of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the closure panel of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. the radio frequency plug-in 2, parallel plate feeder 3, closing plate 4, radiation flat.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A feed horn antenna comprises a radio frequency plug-in 1 and a radiation horn with two radiation flat plates and two closing plates, wherein the radiation flat plates 4 and the closing plates 3 are arranged at intervals to form a radiation horn with a horn-shaped structure in a surrounding mode;
the radiation flat plate is a rectangular aluminum plate with two groups of gap structures, and the two groups of gap structures are in mirror symmetry with a rectangular central axis perpendicular to the rectangular wide side; the gap structures comprise a starting gap, a middle gap and a tail end gap, and the starting gap and the tail end gap are parallel to the central axis of the rectangle and are positioned on the same side of the central axis of the rectangle; the distance between the starting gap and the central line of the rectangle is smaller than the distance between the tail end gap and the central line of the rectangle; the middle gap is in a broken line form with only one bending angle, the initial section of the middle gap is an extended end part and is on the same straight line with the initial gap, and the tail section of the middle gap is on the same straight line with the tail end gap; each radiation flat plate is also provided with a right trapezoid notch, and the upper bottom edge of the right trapezoid notch is positioned at the opening of the notch; an included angle is formed between the two radiation flat plates and the two radiation flat plates are rotationally symmetrical with the central axis of the radiation horn;
a right-angled triangle notch is also arranged at the position where the tail end of the sealing plate is connected with the radiation flat plate, and the hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle is superposed with the side of the radiation flat plate; the two sealing plates are parallel to each other and are rotationally symmetrical with the central axis of the radiation horn;
the radiation flat plate and the closing plate are vertical to each other; the two radiating plates are respectively connected with an inner conductor and an outer conductor of the radio frequency plug-in unit through two parallel plate feeder lines 2 which are parallel to each other; and a short-circuit lead for connecting the two parallel plate feeders is also arranged between the two parallel plate feeders.
Further, the parallel plate feeder is an aluminum plate.
The following is a more specific example:
the embodiment comprises a radiating flat plate, a radio frequency plug-in, a closing plate and a parallel plate feeder line; the two radiation flat plates and the two closing plates surround to form a horn-shaped radiator, and the radiation flat plates, the closing plates and the parallel plate feeders are made of thin aluminum plates and are spliced at the edges of the radiation flat plates, the closing plates and the parallel plate feeders by means of a welding process.
The radiation flat plate is in a rectangular sheet structure, and gaps with specific structures and gaps of a right trapezoid are arranged on the surface of the radiation flat plate;
furthermore, the extending direction of the long edge of the radiation flat plate forms a certain angle with the central axis of the radiation horn.
The length of the long side of the radiation flat plate is L5The width of the narrow side is W1Wherein W is1＝0.5λ0，λ0The wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the antenna can meet the requirement of a large-scale digital array antenna on the miniaturization design of the antenna unit.
An included angle is formed between the two radiation flat plates and the two radiation flat plates are rotationally symmetrical with the central axis of the radiation horn.
The radiation flat plate is a rectangular aluminum plate with two groups of gap structures, and the two groups of gap structures are in mirror symmetry with a rectangular central axis perpendicular to the rectangular wide side; the gap structures comprise a starting gap, a middle gap and a tail end gap, and the starting gap and the tail end gap are parallel to the central axis of the rectangle and are positioned on the same side of the central axis of the rectangle; the distance between the starting gap and the central line of the rectangle is smaller than the distance between the tail end gap and the central line of the rectangle; the middle gap is in a broken line form with only one bending angle, the initial section of the middle gap is an extended end part and is on the same straight line with the initial gap, and the tail section of the middle gap is on the same straight line with the tail end gap; each radiation flat plate is also provided with a right trapezoid notch, and the upper bottom edge of the right trapezoid notch is positioned at the opening of the notch.
A right-angled triangle notch is also arranged at the position where the tail end of the sealing plate is connected with the radiation flat plate, and the hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle is superposed with the side of the radiation flat plate.
Each gap is independent, and the distance between the gaps can be set through optimal design.
The upper bottom edge of the right trapezoid is arranged at the edge of the horn radiation opening and is a virtual edge; the lower bottom edge is parallel to the upper bottom edge, and the length of the right-angle side of the right-angle trapezoid is L1＝0.21λ0The lengths of the upper and lower bottom edges are L2＝0.13λ0、L4＝0.18λ0(ii) a The distance between the lower bottom edge and the edge vertex close to the horn mouth surface is L3＝0.05λ0。
The closed plate is provided with a right triangle gap, the virtual bottom edge of the right triangle is arranged on the opening edge of the horn, namely the hypotenuse of the right triangle is arranged on the side length L of the arm edge of the horn11＝L1(ii) a The side length of the horn mouth edge is L12＝0.1λ0。
The two radiating plates are respectively connected with the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the radio frequency plug-in unit through two parallel plate feeders which are parallel to each other; and a short-circuit lead for connecting the two parallel plate feeders is also arranged between the two parallel plate feeders, the parallel plate feeders are of two parallel rectangular aluminum plate structures, are arranged up and down, and the extension direction of the parallel plate feeders is parallel to the normal direction of the horn mouth surface.
Further, the width of the parallel plate is W2＝0.08λ0From the end L of the parallel plate13＝0.04λ0The radio frequency connector is arranged at the position, an outer conductor of the radio frequency connector is welded and fixed on the lower parallel plate of the parallel plate feeder, and an inner conductor is welded on the upper parallel plate.
The layer horn antenna device mainly comprises a plurality of aluminum sheet structures, adopts a welding processing technology, has low cost, compact structure and small size, meets the technical requirements of a digital communication system on the structure and the electricity of an antenna component, and has obvious technical advantages.
The working principle of the horn antenna is as follows: when a transmitting signal enters the radio frequency plug-in, the transmitting signal enters the parallel plate feeder line, a feed rectangular horn structure of the parallel plate feeder line is adopted, the transmitting signal is fed and connected to the two parallel plate radiating sections 1 in a gradually-changed opening mode by virtue of the broadband impedance characteristic of a parallel plate transmission line, oscillating electromagnetic waves are excited between the two radiating flat plates, the polarization direction is parallel to the extension direction of an inner conductor of the radio frequency plug-in, the current on the inner wall of the radiating flat plate at the position of the right-angle trapezoid notch is subjected to interruption disturbance, disturbance current perpendicular to the polarization of the oscillating electromagnetic waves is generated, and an oscillating. Meanwhile, at the right-angle triangular notch, the current on the inner wall of the sealing plate is also disturbed to generate an oscillating electromagnetic field perpendicular to the electromagnetic waves excited by the two radiation flat plates to oscillate, so that the electromagnetic fields in three different areas are perpendicular to the orthogonal electromagnetic field on the horn mouth surface, strong radiation is realized in a far field, and the three electromagnetic fields have a certain phase difference, so that circularly polarized electromagnetic waves are generated and radiated to a free space, the electromagnetic fields of the electric fields between the two vertical radiation flat plates are generated at two positions, strong resonance can be generated at two different frequency points, and the bandwidth between the two frequency points can be controlled through optimized design, so that the circularly polarized axial ratio bandwidth of the horn antenna is increased.
It should be understood that the above description of the embodiments of the present patent is only an exemplary description for facilitating the understanding of the patent scheme by the person skilled in the art, and does not imply that the scope of protection of the patent is only limited to these examples, and that the person skilled in the art can obtain more embodiments by combining technical features, replacing some technical features, adding more technical features, and the like to the various embodiments listed in the patent without any inventive effort on the premise of fully understanding the patent scheme, and therefore, the new embodiments are also within the scope of protection of the patent.
Furthermore, for the purpose of simplifying this description, this patent may not list some common embodiments, which will occur to those skilled in the art after understanding the present patent, and obviously, these embodiments should be included in the scope of the patent protection.
For the purpose of simplifying the description, the foregoing embodiments may be disclosed with technical details only to the extent that a person skilled in the art can make a decision at his or her discretion, that is, technical details not disclosed for the foregoing embodiments, and the person skilled in the art can be completely completed with the help of published documents such as textbooks, tool books, papers, patents, audio-visual products, etc., without any inventive work, at the full suggestion of the technical solution of this patent, or the details can be decided by himself or herself according to the actual situation, as commonly understood by a person skilled in the art. It is obvious that the technical details are not disclosed, and the full disclosure of the patent technical scheme is not influenced.
In general, any embodiment falling within the scope of the claims of this patent is intended to be within the scope of this patent, in combination with the interpretation of the patent specification and the scope of the claims.
Claims (2)
1. A feed horn antenna comprises a radio frequency plug-in and a radiation horn with two radiation flat plates and two closing plates, and is characterized in that the radiation flat plates (4) and the closing plates (3) are arranged at intervals to form the radiation horn with a horn-shaped structure;
the radiation flat plate is a rectangular aluminum plate with two groups of gap structures, and the two groups of gap structures are in mirror symmetry with a rectangular central axis perpendicular to the rectangular wide side; the gap structures comprise a starting gap, a middle gap and a tail end gap, and the starting gap and the tail end gap are parallel to the central axis of the rectangle and are positioned on the same side of the central axis of the rectangle; the distance between the starting gap and the central line of the rectangle is smaller than the distance between the tail end gap and the central line of the rectangle; the middle gap is in a broken line form with only one bending angle, the initial section of the middle gap is an extended end part and is on the same straight line with the initial gap, and the tail section of the middle gap is on the same straight line with the tail end gap; each radiation flat plate is also provided with a right trapezoid notch, and the upper bottom edge of the right trapezoid notch is positioned at the opening of the notch; an included angle is formed between the two radiation flat plates and the two radiation flat plates are rotationally symmetrical with the central axis of the radiation horn;
a right-angled triangle notch is also arranged at the position where the tail end of the sealing plate is connected with the radiation flat plate, and the hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle is superposed with the side of the radiation flat plate; the two sealing plates are parallel to each other and are rotationally symmetrical with the central axis of the radiation horn;
the radiation flat plate and the closing plate are vertical to each other; the two radiating flat plates are respectively connected with an inner conductor and an outer conductor of the radio frequency plug-in (1) through two parallel plate feeders which are parallel to each other; and a short-circuit lead for connecting the two parallel plate feeder lines (2) is also arranged between the two parallel plate feeder lines.
2. A feed horn antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the parallel plate feed is an aluminium plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021544789.4U CN212648494U (en) | 2020-07-30 | 2020-07-30 | Feed horn antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021544789.4U CN212648494U (en) | 2020-07-30 | 2020-07-30 | Feed horn antenna |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN212648494U true CN212648494U (en) | 2021-03-02 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021544789.4U Active CN212648494U (en) | 2020-07-30 | 2020-07-30 | Feed horn antenna |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN212648494U (en) |
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2020
- 2020-07-30 CN CN202021544789.4U patent/CN212648494U/en active Active
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