CN212640167U - Membrane diffusion coagulation pretreatment system - Google Patents
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- CN212640167U CN212640167U CN202021313497.XU CN202021313497U CN212640167U CN 212640167 U CN212640167 U CN 212640167U CN 202021313497 U CN202021313497 U CN 202021313497U CN 212640167 U CN212640167 U CN 212640167U
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 25
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a membrane diffusion coagulation pretreatment system, which comprises a membrane diffusion coagulation unit, a multi-medium filtration unit and an ultrafiltration unit which are connected in sequence; the membrane diffusion coagulation unit comprises a membrane coagulation tank, an immersed internal pressure membrane component and a partition plate are arranged in the membrane coagulation tank, an aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the membrane component, deep coagulation treatment is realized, the membrane surface pollution is reduced by the aeration device at the bottom, a coagulant is uniformly coated on the membrane, and the contact between the coagulant and pollutants is increased, so that the problem of poor removal effect caused by low pollutant concentration is solved, the membrane diffusion coagulation unit has the effects of improving coagulation efficiency and pollutant removal precision, and has a wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of advanced wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a membrane diffusion coagulation pretreatment system.
Background
With the development of industry, the discharge amount of wastewater increases, and the composition of industrial wastewater is complex. The wastewater is generally subjected to process units such as water quality regulation, pretreatment, advanced treatment and the like to realize wastewater purification and resource recovery; most pollutants can be removed by the pretreatment unit, the pollutant removal rate can be maintained at a high level along with the optimization of the process technology, but a large number of pollutants are usually remained in the water produced by the pretreatment unit, the pollution of the subsequent treatment unit can be accelerated along with the increase of the treatment depth of part of pollutants, and the concentration of the residual pollutants after the pretreatment is reduced, so that the removal is not facilitated.
Aiming at the problem of residual pollution after pretreatment, the currently adopted measures comprise secondary treatment, advanced treatment and the like, wherein the secondary treatment is formed by connecting the same processes in series, so that the removal effect is enhanced, but the concentration of pollutants after pretreatment is reduced, and the removal rate of secondary treatment by adopting the same processes is obviously reduced; the advanced treatment mostly adopts a treatment technology with higher removal rate and higher removal precision, is often set in the wastewater concentration process, and the concentration of pollutants is improved after concentration, so that the subsequent units are seriously polluted, and therefore, an advanced treatment unit is required to be set to reduce the pollution risk of the subsequent units.
For example, the hardness ions such as calcium and magnesium in the wastewater are usually coagulated and softened by lime, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and other reagents to remove most of the hardness ions, and the residual hardness is generally 50mg/L (as CaCO)3Meter), but still has larger scaling risk in the subsequent concentration process, an ion exchange resin unit is usually arranged in the concentration unit for deep softening, and the hardness of effluent is controlled to be 2mg/L (as CaCO)3Meter) below; the fluorine waste water is generally treated by adding lime or aluminum salt and the like to remove fluorine ions, the fluorine content of the effluent is generally less than 20mg/L, and a secondary treatment process is adopted, so that the removal effect is very little, therefore, an activated alumina or resin adsorption unit is added to the water inlet of a membrane concentration unit, and the fluorine content of the effluent is controlled to be less than 1 mg/L. Therefore, the coagulation unit can only remove most of pollutants, but the residual pollutants are difficult to remove, and the operation and investment cost of the advanced treatment technology is high, so that the coagulation reaction process is strengthened, and the utilization rate of the coagulant is increased.
CN110104846A discloses a membrane chemical reactor, a water treatment system and a water treatment method using the same, which comprises a reactor body, wherein the reactor body is provided with a filtration-filtering reinforced reaction zone located at the lower part of a filtration zone, a membrane component located at the filtration zone, and a jet water distributor located at the reinforced reaction zone. The device effectively combines membrane filtration and chemical reaction directly, realizes that short flow is high-efficient to remove hard, silicon, heavy metal and suspended solid etc.. The device realizes coagulation and filtration integration through the immersed membrane component, saves area, has certain promotion to the pollutant removal rate, but its removal precision is still lower, is not suitable for getting rid of low concentration hard, silicon, heavy metal etc. and the membrane pollutes seriously.
CN204958618U discloses a system for removing silicide in industrial water and wastewater by adopting a tubular microfiltration membrane, which comprises a reaction tank, a concentration tank, a tubular membrane component, a filter water tank, a sludge storage tank and a plate-and-frame filter press. After silicon is removed from the wastewater in the reaction tank, the wastewater enters the tubular membrane module for filtration, and concentrated water flows back to the membrane module for water inlet and can be discharged into a sludge storage tank for dehydration. The process system realizes the simultaneous coagulation and membrane filtration processes, the coagulation process is enhanced by the backflow of the concentrated water, the membrane pollution is lower due to the cross flow operation of the membrane components, the utilization rate of the coagulant is improved by the backflow of the concentrated water, but the mass transfer process is not changed, and the removal precision is still lower.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the problem, the utility model provides a membrane diffusion coagulation pretreatment systems, this system congeals the unit through setting up the membrane diffusion, has reinforceed coagulant mass transfer process, has realized that the high accuracy of pollutant is got rid of.
To achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:
the membrane diffusion coagulation pretreatment system is characterized by comprising a membrane diffusion coagulation unit, a multi-medium filtering unit and an ultrafiltration unit which are sequentially connected.
The membrane diffusion coagulation unit comprises a membrane coagulation tank, membrane assemblies are arranged in the membrane coagulation tank, and partition plates are arranged between the membrane assemblies.
And an aeration device is arranged in the membrane coagulation tank and is arranged at the bottom of the membrane component.
The membrane component is an immersed internal pressure membrane component and is sequentially provided with a supporting layer and a membrane surface from inside to outside.
The membrane component is an immersed internal pressure ultrafiltration membrane, and the material of the filtration membrane is any one of polyvinylidene fluoride or polytetrafluoroethylene.
The aperture of the membrane component is 0.05-1 μm.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the membrane diffusion coagulation pretreatment system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural view of a membrane diffusion coagulation system according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the membrane module of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-a membrane diffusion coagulation unit; 2-an ammonia absorption unit multi-media filtration unit; 3-an ultrafiltration unit; 4-a membrane coagulation tank; 5-a membrane module; 6-a separator; 7-aeration device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions in the present specification better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the present specification, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present specification, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments in the present specification without any inventive step should fall within the scope of protection of the present specification.
As shown in figure 1, the membrane diffusion coagulation pretreatment system comprises a membrane diffusion coagulation unit 1, a multi-medium filtration unit 2 and an ultrafiltration unit 3 which are connected in sequence.
The membrane diffusion coagulation unit 1 comprises a membrane coagulation tank 4, membrane components 5 are mounted in the membrane coagulation tank 4, partition plates 6 are mounted between the membrane components 5, an aeration device 7 is mounted in the membrane coagulation tank 4, and the aeration device 7 is mounted at the bottom of the membrane components 5.
Preferably, the membrane module 5 is an immersed internal pressure membrane module, and is sequentially arranged as a support layer and a membrane surface from inside to outside.
The wastewater after pretreatment or needing advanced treatment firstly enters a membrane coagulation tank 4, a partition plate 6 and a membrane component 5 are arranged in the membrane coagulation tank 4, and an aeration device 7 is arranged at the bottom of the membrane component 5. The membrane component 5 is an immersed microfiltration membrane, is of an internal pressure type and is connected with a coagulant feeding pump, coagulant enters the interior of the membrane component 5 through the coagulant feeding pump and passes through the membrane surface from inside to outside, coagulant micro liquid drops or liquid films are formed on the membrane surface, wastewater sequentially flows through each membrane component 5 under the action of the partition plate 6 and contacts with the coagulant micro liquid drops or the liquid films formed on the membrane surface, so that deep coagulation treatment is realized, the bottom of the membrane component is provided with an aeration device 7 for reducing membrane surface pollution, membrane cleaning and the like, the immersed membrane component has a large specific surface area, the coagulant can be uniformly hung on the membrane, the contact between the coagulant and pollutants is increased, and the problem of poor removal effect caused by low pollutant concentration is solved.
Preferably, the membrane module 5 is an immersed internal pressure ultrafiltration membrane, the filter membrane material is any one of polyvinylidene fluoride and polytetrafluoroethylene, and the pore diameter is 0.05 μm, 0.06 μm, 0.07 μm, 0.08 μm, 0.09 μm, 0.1 μm, 0.11 μm, 0.12 μm, 0.13 μm, 0.14 μm, 0.15 μm, 0.16 μm, 0.17 μm, 0.18 μm, 0.19 μm, 0.2 μm, 0.21 μm, 0.22 μm, 0.23 μm, 0.24 μm, 0.25 μm, 0.26 μm, 0.27 μm, 0.28 μm, 0.29 μm, 0.3 μm, 0.31 μm, 0.32 μm, 0.33 μm, 0.34 μm, 0.35 μm, 0.36 μm, 0.29 μm, 0.3 μm, 0.31 μm, 0.32 μm, 0.33 μm, 0.34 μm, 0.35 μm, 0.52 μm, 0.51 μm, 0.25 μ, 0.58 μm, 0.59 μm, 0.6 μm, 0.61 μm, 0.62 μm, 0.63 μm, 0.64 μm, 0.65 μm, 0.66 μm, 0.67 μm, 0.68 μm, 0.69 μm, 0.7 μm, 0.71 μm, 0.72 μm, 0.73 μm, 0.74 μm, 0.75 μm, 0.76 μm, 0.77 μm, 0.78 μm, 0.79 μm, 0.8 μm, 0.81 μm, 0.82 μm, 0.83 μm, 0.84 μm, 0.85 μm, 0.86 μm, 0.87 μm, 0.88 μm, 0.89 μm, 0.9 μm, 0.91 μm, 0.92 μm, 0.93 μm, 0.94 μm, 0.95 μm, 0.96 μm, 0.98 μm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the treatment system of the utility model is suitable for the waste water after coagulation or the waste water with low concentration pollutants, effectively improves the removal of the low concentration pollutants, and realizes deep coagulation;
2. the utility model has wide application range, is suitable for removing hardness, silicon, fluorine, heavy metal and the like and adopts a chemical coagulation process, and the operation cost and the investment cost are lower than those of deep treatment units such as adsorbent, ion exchange resin and the like;
3. the utility model discloses utilize the interior membrane diffusion mass transfer process that presses the milipore filter to realize the coagulant of submergence formula, reinforce the coagulation reaction, effectively improve the pollutant and get rid of the precision, produce water pollutant concentration and be less than the conventional 10% of coagulating play water pollutant concentration.
Example 1
50mg/L of calcium ions and 30mg/L of magnesium ions in industrial wastewater of a certain plant are treated by the following method:
the wastewater is treated by adopting membrane diffusion coagulation, wherein the membrane material is polyvinylidene fluoride, the membrane aperture is 0.05 mu m, and the coagulant is sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate. Coagulant enters the membrane component through a pressure lift pump, the sodium hydroxide dosing membrane component is close to the water inlet side, the sodium carbonate dosing membrane component is close to the water outlet side, so that membrane diffusion coagulation reaction is carried out, the dosing amount is 0.9 time of the theoretical value, and intermittent aeration is carried out at the bottom of the membrane. The yield of calcium ions is 3mg/L and the yield of magnesium ions is 2.5 mg/L.
Comparative example 1
Aiming at the water quality, a membrane chemical reactor is adopted to treat the wastewater:
adding coagulant which is sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate into the wastewater, wherein the dosage of the coagulant is 1.2 times of the theoretical value, stirring the coagulant, feeding the coagulant into a membrane chemical reactor through a water pump, filtering and fully coagulating the coagulant, wherein the membrane chemical reactor is a dead-end filter, and periodically discharging sludge to produce water calcium ions of 45mg/L and magnesium ions of 25 mg/L.
The membrane chemical reactor mainly has a mud-water separation function, the concentration of sludge in the reactor is increased due to the membrane interception function, and the coagulation process is enhanced again after coagulation stirring, but the treatment effect on low-hardness wastewater is poor, the removal rate is low, membrane pollution is easy to cause, and the cleaning is frequent.
Example 2
Calcium ions in chemical softened effluent of a certain plant are 70mg/L and magnesium ions in the chemical softened effluent are 50mg/L, and the wastewater is treated by adopting the following method:
the wastewater is treated by adopting membrane diffusion coagulation, wherein the membrane material is polyvinylidene fluoride, the membrane aperture is 0.1 mu m, and the coagulant is sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate. Coagulant enters the membrane component through a pressure lift pump, the sodium hydroxide dosing membrane component is close to the water inlet side, the sodium carbonate dosing membrane component is close to the water outlet side, so that membrane diffusion coagulation reaction is carried out, the dosing amount is 0.8 time of the theoretical value, and intermittent aeration is carried out at the bottom of the membrane. The yield of calcium ions is 4mg/L and magnesium ions is 3 mg/L.
Comparative example 2
Aiming at the water quality, the wastewater is treated by adopting a tubular microfiltration membrane:
filtering the chemically softened effluent through a tubular microfiltration membrane, wherein the produced water is used for subsequent process treatment, the concentrated water is refluxed to a water inlet side, sludge in the concentrated water is periodically discharged, the chemical softening dosage is 1.2 times of the theoretical dosage, and the produced water contains 60mg/L of calcium ions and 40mg/L of magnesium ions; the effluent from the chemical softening is coagulated and softened for the second time and then enters a tubular microfiltration membrane for filtration, wherein the coagulant is sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate, the addition amount is 0.8 time of the theoretical value, and the produced water contains 48mg/L of calcium ions and 30mg/L of magnesium ions.
The tubular microfiltration membrane is low in hardness removal efficiency for low-hardness wastewater, and the tubular microfiltration membrane is not subjected to secondary dosing coagulation in a running mode, so that the tubular microfiltration membrane is not suitable for coagulation advanced treatment, but can play an optimization role in the coagulation process of high-concentration pollutants.
Example 3
10mg/L of calcium fluoride ions in industrial wastewater of a certain plant is treated by the following method
The wastewater is treated by adopting membrane diffusion coagulation, wherein the membrane material is polyvinylidene fluoride, the membrane aperture is 0.05 mu m, and the coagulant is calcium chloride. Coagulant is respectively fed into the membrane components by a pressure lift pump so as to carry out membrane diffusion coagulation reaction, the dosage is 1.2 times of the theoretical value, and the bottom of the membrane is subjected to intermittent aeration. The water-producing fluorinion is 1 mg/L.
Comparative example 3
Aiming at the water quality, the wastewater is treated by adopting an activated alumina adsorption method:
the wastewater enters an activated alumina adsorption unit, the height of an activated alumina packing layer is 2.5 meters, the inflow flow rate is 2m/h, the activated alumina is used for the first time, the content of fluorine ions in produced water is 1.2mg/L, and the adsorption capacity is 1.8 mg/g.
When the activated alumina is saturated in adsorption, 1.5% sodium hydroxide solution and 2% hydrochloric acid solution are respectively adopted for regeneration and activation, the dosage of the sodium hydroxide solution and the dosage of the hydrochloric acid solution are respectively 1 time and 1.5 times of the volume of the activated alumina, the regeneration and activation time is 3 hours, and the clear water is positively washed until the effluent is weakly acidic or neutral and can be continuously used.
The activated alumina is used for treating the wastewater after regeneration and activation, the inflow velocity is 2m/h, the content of fluorine ions in produced water is 1mg/L, and the adsorption capacity is 2.3 mg/g.
The fluorine-containing wastewater can be removed with the same precision by membrane diffusion coagulation and activated alumina adsorption treatment, the content of fluorine ions in produced water is 1mg/L, but the activated alumina needs regular sodium hydroxide regeneration and hydrochloric acid activation, the operation is complex, the medicament consumption is large, and the investment cost is high. Therefore, the membrane diffusion coagulation is more suitable for the coagulation advanced treatment, the effluent quality reaches the standard, and the equipment investment cost and the operation cost are lower.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated in detail by the above examples, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed methods, i.e. it is not meant that the present invention must rely on the above detailed methods for its implementation. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The membrane diffusion coagulation pretreatment system is characterized by comprising a membrane diffusion coagulation unit (1), a multi-medium filtering unit (2) and an ultrafiltration unit (3) which are sequentially connected.
2. The treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the membrane diffusion coagulation unit (1) comprises a membrane coagulation tank (4), membrane modules (5) are installed in the membrane coagulation tank (4), and partition plates (6) are installed between the membrane modules (5).
3. The treatment system according to claim 2, wherein the membrane coagulation tank (4) is internally provided with an aeration device (7), and the aeration device (7) is arranged at the bottom of the membrane module (5).
4. A treatment system according to claim 3, wherein the membrane module (5) is a submerged internal pressure membrane module, arranged in order from the inside to the outside as a support layer and a membrane surface.
5. The treatment system according to claim 4, wherein the membrane module (5) is a submerged internal pressure ultrafiltration membrane, and the filter membrane material is any one of polyvinylidene fluoride or polytetrafluoroethylene.
6. The treatment system according to claim 5, wherein the membrane module (5) has a pore size of 0.05-1 μm.
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| CN113104925A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-13 | 北京中科康仑环境科技研究院有限公司 | Membrane adsorption deep defluorination treatment system and method |
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