CN212633518U

CN212633518U - Descaling equipment for shaft forgings

Info

Publication number: CN212633518U
Application number: CN202020644317.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马一鸣
Original assignee: Suzhou Dongsheng Forging Co ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou Dongsheng Forging Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-25
Filing date: 2020-04-25
Publication date: 2021-03-02
Anticipated expiration: 2030-04-25

Abstract

The utility model relates to a descaling device for shaft forgings, which comprises a base, a cleaning device arranged on the base, a driving device used for driving the cleaning device to operate and a fixing device used for fixing the forgings; a support frame is fixedly connected above the base and comprises a first support and a second support which is arranged in parallel relative to the first support; the cleaning device comprises a cleaning frame which is horizontally arranged and is rotationally connected with the supporting frame and a cleaning brush which is connected with the cleaning frame, the cleaning frame is arranged between the first bracket and the second bracket, and the cleaning frame is linked with the driving device; the fixing device is arranged between the first bracket and the second bracket and is positioned on one side of the cleaning brush. Drive arrangement can drive the operation of cleaning frame and cleaning brush, and fixing device can fix the forging in the cleaning frame for the cleaning brush can brush the cinder on the forging surface and remove, reduces artifical intensity of labour, promotes work efficiency simultaneously.

Description

Descaling equipment for shaft forgings

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of forging cinder clean-up equipment technique and specifically relates to an axle type forging descaling equipment is related to.

Background

The oxide skin is a corrosion product formed by the oxidation of steel at high temperature and consists of ferrous oxide, ferroferric oxide and ferric oxide. In the forging production process, if oxide skin generated on the surface of a heated forging blank is not cleaned, the surface quality and the appearance of a forging piece can be directly influenced, pits and pits appear on the surface of the forging piece due to damage of the oxide skin, and the oxide skin can be possibly embedded into the forging piece to generate adverse influence on the forging piece.

The existing method for removing the oxide skin is that the oxide skin on the forged piece is usually scraped by manually holding a steel brush, and in order to ensure that the oxide skin is fully removed, workers need to repeatedly polish the surface of the forged piece, so that the manual labor intensity is high, the consumed time is long, and the removal efficiency of the oxide skin is low.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Not enough to prior art exists, the utility model provides an axle type forging descaling equipment can reduce artifical intensity of labour, promotes getting rid of efficiency of cinder.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

the descaling equipment for the shaft forgings comprises a base, a cleaning device arranged on the base, a driving device used for driving the cleaning device to operate and a fixing device used for fixing the forgings; a support frame is fixedly connected above the base and comprises a first support and a second support which is arranged in parallel relative to the first support; the cleaning device comprises a cleaning frame which is horizontally arranged and is rotationally connected with the supporting frame and a cleaning brush which is connected with the cleaning frame, the cleaning frame is arranged between the first support and the second support, the cleaning frame is linked with the driving device, and the cleaning brush can be abutted to the surface of the forging;

the fixing device is arranged between the first support and the second support and is positioned on one side of the cleaning brush.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, first support and second support can provide the support to cleaning device, guarantee cleaning device's normal operating. Can fix the forging on the frame through fixing device, start drive arrangement, drive arrangement can be to driving cleaning device operation, and cleaning brush among the cleaning device can with forging surface butt to cleaning brush can brush out the cinder on forging surface, makes the cinder drop from the forging surface. Cleaning device can get rid of the cinder on forging surface automatically, can effectively reduce staff's intensity of labour, promotes staff's work efficiency.

The present invention may be further configured in a preferred embodiment as: two opposite sides of the first bracket and the second bracket are respectively connected with a first supporting rod and a second supporting rod, the first supporting rod penetrates through the first bracket and is rotatably connected with the first bracket, and the axis of the first supporting rod is perpendicular to the end face of the first bracket; a second support rod is fixedly connected to the second support, and the axis of the second support rod is coincident with the axis of the first support rod;

the cleaning frame comprises a first shaft sleeve, a second shaft sleeve and a cross bar, the second shaft sleeve is coaxially arranged with the first shaft sleeve, the cross bar is arranged between the first shaft sleeve and the second shaft sleeve, the cleaning brush is connected with the side wall of the cross bar, and the first shaft sleeve and the second shaft sleeve are respectively and rotatably connected with a first supporting rod and a second supporting rod; the axis of the cross rod is parallel to the axis of the first shaft sleeve, one end of the cross rod, which is close to the first support, is connected with a first longitudinal rod, one end of the cross rod, which is close to the second support, is connected with a second longitudinal rod, and one ends, which are far away from the cross rod, of the first longitudinal rod and the second longitudinal rod are fixedly connected with the first shaft sleeve and the second shaft sleeve respectively;

the fixing device comprises a first ejector rod and a second ejector rod, and the first ejector rod and the second ejector rod are respectively connected with two opposite ends of the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, first ejector pin and second ejector pin can carry out the top respectively to the forging both ends and hold to fix the forging at clean inboard. Meanwhile, the driving device can drive the cleaning frame to rotate along the axis of the shaft sleeve, the transverse rod can circumferentially operate along the side face of the forging, and the cleaning brush and the transverse rod which are located on the transverse rod simultaneously move along the axial direction of the forging, so that oxide skin on the side wall of the forging can be removed by the cleaning brush, and the cleaning effect and the working efficiency of the cleaning device can be effectively improved.

The present invention may be further configured in a preferred embodiment as: one end of the cross rod, which is close to the first support, is hinged with an adapter rod, and the adapter rod is connected with one end of the first longitudinal rod, which is far away from the first shaft sleeve; one end of the cross rod, which is close to the second support, is provided with a clamping part, and the cross rod is detachably connected with the second longitudinal rod through the clamping part;

the clamping portion comprises a sleeve connected with the transverse rod, a fixing rod fixedly connected with the sleeve and a bolt, and inserting holes matched with the bolt in an inserting mode are formed in the fixing rod and the second longitudinal rod.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when needs are installed the forging to fixing device on, pull down horizontal pole and second vertical pole to make the horizontal pole rotate along the articulated department of keysets and horizontal pole, can provide sufficient space for the installation of forging, the staff of being convenient for installs the forging on fixing device. When the forging installation finishes, only need make the horizontal pole pass through joint portion be connected with the second vertical pole can, the cleaning device's of being convenient for use.

The present invention may be further configured in a preferred embodiment as: the driving device comprises a driving motor arranged on one side of the first support and a driving part connected with the output end of the driving motor, and the driving part is connected with the cleaning frame.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, driving motor can drive the operation of cleaning frame through the drive division to make cleaning device can normally work.

The present invention may be further configured in a preferred embodiment as: the driving part comprises a driving gear fixedly connected with one end of the first supporting rod, which is close to the cleaning frame, a transmission gear fixedly connected with one end of the switching rod, which is far away from the cross rod, and an internal gear fixedly connected with one end of the first supporting rod, which is towards the cleaning frame, wherein the driving gear, the transmission gear and the internal gear are sequentially meshed to form a planetary gear set; one end of the first supporting rod, which is far away from the cleaning frame, is connected with the output end of the driving motor.

The adapter rod is rotatably connected with the first longitudinal rod, and the end part of the second ejector rod, facing the end part of the first ejector rod, is provided with a pointed cone rotatably connected with the second ejector rod; the sleeve is rotatably connected with the side wall of the cross rod.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, driving motor drives first bracing piece and rotates on first bracing piece, and drive gear rotates with first bracing piece simultaneously, and drive gear drives drive gear and rotates, and drive gear is to the meshing with the internal gear for can follow the internal gear and revolve when drive gear rotation, thereby realize the horizontal pole along forging axial motion, make the clean brush to the cinder on forging surface and remove. Simultaneously, the cleaning brush can rotate along with the cross rod, the speed of relative movement of the cleaning brush and the forging can be increased, and therefore the working efficiency of the cleaning brush is improved.

First ejector pin can follow the bracing piece and rotate, and the pointed cone can be to rotating on the second ejector pin for the forging can carry out the rotation, and the direction of forging rotation is opposite with the direction of cleaning brush rotation, further promotes relative motion's speed between cleaning brush and the forging, promotes cleaning device's work efficiency.

The present invention may be further configured in a preferred embodiment as: the diameter of the driving gear is larger than that of the transmission gear.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, drive gear can drive gear and rotate, when drive gear's diameter is greater than the drive gear diameter, can effectively promote drive gear's rotational speed to promote cleaning device's work efficiency.

The present invention may be further configured in a preferred embodiment as: the cleaning brush comprises a connecting pipe sleeved on the cross rod and a brush fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is connected with the cross rod in a sliding manner, the cross rod is arranged in a tubular shape, a sliding groove is formed in the side wall of the cross rod and is arranged along the length direction of the cross rod, and a sliding block connected with the sliding groove in a sliding manner is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting pipe;

a connecting rod is coaxially arranged in the cross rod, the connecting rod is connected with the cross rod in a sliding manner and is fixedly connected with the sliding block, and one end of the connecting rod, facing the second support, extends to a position between the cross rod and the second support; the end, facing the transverse rod, of the second support is fixedly connected with a cam, the cam is arranged in a circular ring shape, the axis of the cam is overlapped with the axis of the shaft sleeve, the end face, facing the transverse rod, of the cam is arranged in a sine curved surface, and the end, facing the second support, of the connecting rod is abutted to the end face of the cam;

a spring is arranged between one end, far away from the cam, of the connecting rod and the inner wall of the cross rod, one end of the spring is abutted against the cross rod, and the other end of the spring is abutted against the connecting rod.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the slider slides with the spout and is connected and the connecting rod slides with the horizontal pole and be connected for the cleaning brush can move along horizontal pole length direction on the horizontal pole, and when the horizontal pole revolved along the internal gear, the connecting rod can move on the terminal surface of cam with the one end of cam looks butt, and the setting of spring can make connecting rod and the inseparable laminating of cam terminal surface. The terminal surface of cam is the sinusoidal surface setting for the connecting rod can drive the cleaning brush and remove on the horizontal pole, makes the cleaning brush remove ground more abundant to forging surface scale brush, can effectual promotion cleaning device's work efficiency. Meanwhile, the end face of the cam is arranged in a sine curved surface mode, so that the motion law of the connecting rod is a sine motion law, no impact exists between the connecting rod and the cam, the connecting rod can conveniently move on the cam at a high speed, and normal work of the connecting rod can be guaranteed.

The present invention may be further configured in a preferred embodiment as: one end of the connecting rod, which is close to the cam, is rotatably connected with a pulley block, and the pulley block comprises a pulley frame, a guide pulley which is abutted with the outer side wall of the cam and a supporting pulley which is abutted with the surface of the cam; the guide pulley and the supporting pulley are rotatably connected with the pulley yoke, the axis of the guide pulley is parallel to the axis of the connecting rod, and the axis of the supporting pulley is perpendicular to the axis of the guide pulley.

By adopting the technical scheme, the connecting rod is connected with the cam in an abutting mode through the pulley block, the supporting pulley is connected with the end face of the cam in an abutting mode, abrasion of the connecting rod and the cam can be effectively reduced, smoothness and stability of movement of the connecting rod are improved, and accordingly working effect of the cleaning device is improved. The guide pulley is abutted against the outer side wall of the cam, so that the support pulley can be always abutted against the end face of the cam, and the support pulley can be ensured to normally work.

The present invention may be further configured in a preferred embodiment as: the second support rod is arranged in a tubular shape, the second ejector rod penetrates through the first support rod and is in threaded connection with the first support rod, and one end, far away from the first support, of the second ejector rod extends to one side, back to the first support, of the second support and is fixedly connected with a handle.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through rotating the handle, can adjust the distance between first ejector pin and the second ejector pin to be convenient for first ejector pin and second ejector pin carry out the centre gripping to the forging.

The present invention may be further configured in a preferred embodiment as: a collecting box is arranged below the cleaning frame and fixedly connected with the machine base.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, after the clean brush got off the surperficial cinder clearance of forging, the cinder can drop in collecting the box to the collection of the cinder of being convenient for.

To sum up, the utility model discloses a following at least one useful technological effect:

1. the driving device can drive the cleaning frame and the cleaning brush to operate, and the fixing device can fix the forging piece in the cleaning frame, so that the cleaning brush can brush away oxide skin on the surface of the forging piece, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved;

2. the driving motor can drive the cross frame to rotate, and meanwhile, the cross frame can revolve along the inner gear, so that the working efficiency of the cleaning device can be improved;

3. when the horizontal pole carries out the revolution, the connecting rod can drive the cleaning brush and remove on horizontal pole length direction under the effect of cam, can further promote the work efficiency of cleaning brush.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a descaling apparatus;

FIG. 2 is another view of the construction of the descaling apparatus;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial schematic view of portion A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view of portion B of FIG. 2;

fig. 5 is a view for showing a connection relationship between the cleaning brush and the cross bar.

In the figure, 1, a machine base; 11. a support frame; 111. a first bracket; 112. a second bracket; 113. a cam; 12. a first support bar; 13. a second support bar; 14. a collection box; 2. a cleaning device; 21. a first bushing; 211. a first longitudinal bar; 22. a second shaft sleeve; 221. a second longitudinal bar; 23. a cross bar; 231. a spring; 232. a chute; 24. a transfer lever; 25. a clamping part; 251. fixing the rod; 252. a sleeve; 253. a bolt; 26. a cleaning brush; 261. a connecting pipe; 262. a brush; 263. a slider; 27. a connecting rod; 28. a pulley block; 281. a pulley yoke; 282. a support pulley; 283. a guide pulley; 3. a drive device; 31. a drive motor; 32. a drive section; 321. a drive gear; 322. a transmission gear; 323. an internal gear; 4. a fixing device; 41. a first ejector rod; 42. a second ejector rod; 421. a pointed cone; 422. a handle.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, for the utility model discloses an axle type forging descaling equipment, including frame 1, set up cleaning device 2 in frame 1 upper end, be used for driving cleaning device 2 moving drive arrangement 3 and be used for the fixing device 4 of fixed forging. The upper end of the machine base 1 is also fixedly connected with a support frame 11, the support frame 11 comprises a first support 111 and a second support 112 which are oppositely arranged, and the cleaning device 2 is arranged between the first support 111 and the second support 112; a first support bar 12 and a second support bar 13 are further disposed between the first bracket 111 and the second bracket 112. The first support rod 12 penetrates through the first support 111 and is rotatably connected with the first support 111, and the axis of the first support rod 12 is perpendicular to the end face of the first support 111; the second support rod 13 is fixedly connected with the second bracket 112, and the axis of the second support rod 13 is coincident with the axis of the first support rod 12.

Referring to fig. 1, the fixing device 4 includes a first push rod 41 and a second push rod 42 disposed between the first support rod 12 and the second support rod 13, the first push rod 41 and the first support rod 12 are fixedly connected at their ends; the second support rod 13 is disposed in a tubular shape, the second push rod 42 is disposed in the second support rod 13 in a penetrating manner and is rotatably connected to the second support rod 13, one end of the second push rod 42, which is opposite to the first push rod 41, extends to one side of the second support 112, which is opposite to the first support 111, and is fixedly connected to a handle 422. The worker can adjust the distance between the first push rod 41 and the second push rod 42 by rotating the handle 422. The opposite ends of the first top bar 41 and the second top bar 42 are both provided with a pointed cone 421, the pointed cone 421 on the first top bar 41 is fixedly connected with the first top bar 41, and the pointed cone 421 on the second top bar 42 is rotatably connected with the second top bar 42. The first ejector pin 41 and the second ejector pin 42 can fix the forging through the pointed cone 421.

Referring to fig. 1, the cleaning device 2 includes a cleaning frame and a cleaning brush 26 connected to the cleaning frame. The cleaning frame comprises a first shaft sleeve 21, a second shaft sleeve 22 and three cross rods 23, wherein the second shaft sleeve 22 is coaxially arranged with the first shaft sleeve 21, the cross rods 23 are annularly and uniformly distributed along the axis of the first shaft sleeve 21, the axes of the three cross rods 23 are all parallel to the axis of the first shaft sleeve 21, and a cleaning brush 26 is connected with the side walls of the cross rods 23; the first shaft sleeve 21 is sleeved on the first support rod 12 and is rotatably connected with the first support rod 12, and the second shaft sleeve 22 is sleeved on the second support rod 13 and is rotatably connected with the second support rod 13. From this, the cleaning frame can rotate along first bracing piece 12 and second bracing piece 13 axis for cleaning brush 26 can remove along the periphery of axle class forging, so that cleaning brush 26 clears up the cinder on forging surface.

Referring to fig. 1, an adapter rod 24 is hinged to the end of the cross rod 23 facing the first support 111, a connecting sleeve is rotatably connected to the upper part of the adapter rod 24, and a first longitudinal rod 211 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting sleeve; one end of the first longitudinal rod 211, which is far away from the cross rod 23, is fixedly connected with the side wall of the first shaft sleeve 21; one end of the cross bar 23 facing the second bracket 112 is connected with a second longitudinal bar 221, and one end of the second longitudinal bar 221 far from the cross bar 23 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the second shaft sleeve 22.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a clamping portion 25 is arranged between the second vertical rod 221 and the horizontal rod 23, and the clamping portion 25 includes a sleeve 252 rotatably connected with the horizontal rod 23, and a fixing rod 251 and a bolt 253 fixedly connected with the side wall of the sleeve 252; the fixing rod 251 is connected with the second longitudinal rod 221, one end, facing the cross rod 23, of the second longitudinal rod 221 is provided with a clamping joint, one end, close to the second longitudinal rod 221, of the fixing rod 251 is provided with a clamping groove, the clamping joint can be in clamping fit with the clamping groove, inserting holes are formed in the clamping joint and the second longitudinal rod 221, and the plug pin 253 is in inserting fit with the inserting holes, so that the fixing rod 251 and the second longitudinal rod 221 are fixed; the plug 253 is pulled out from the insertion hole, so that the card connector and the card slot are separated. The cross rod 23 can rotate along the hinged position of the adapter rod 24 and the cross rod 23, and a space for a forged piece to pass through can be reserved on the cleaning frame, so that the forged piece can be placed on the fixing device 4 conveniently.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the driving device 3 includes a driving motor 31 disposed at one side of the first bracket 111 and a driving part 32, and the driving motor 31 is connected to one end of the first supporting rod 12 away from the cleaning frame through a speed reducer. The driving part 32 comprises a driving gear 321 which is arranged between the first support 111 and the cleaning support and is coaxially and fixedly connected with the first support rod 12, a transmission gear 322 which is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the adapter rod 24 far away from the cross rod 23, and an internal gear 323 which is fixedly connected with one end of the first support 111 facing the cleaning support, wherein the internal gear 323 is coaxially arranged with the driving gear 321; the driving gear 321, the transmission gear 322 and the internal gear 323 are meshed in sequence to form a planetary gear set.

The driving motor 31 drives the first supporting rod 12 to rotate so as to drive the driving gear 321 to rotate, the driving gear 321 can drive the transmission gear 322 to rotate, meanwhile, the transmission gear 322 revolves along the axis of the internal gear 323, and the cross rod 23 is driven to move along the circumference of the shaft forging, so that the cleaning brush 26 can clean oxide scales on the surface of the forging.

Referring to fig. 1, the driving gear 321 has a larger diameter than the transmission gear 322, so that the rotation speed of the transmission gear 322 can be increased, thereby improving the working efficiency of the cleaning device 2.

Referring to fig. 5, the cleaning brush 26 includes a connecting pipe 261 sleeved on the cross bar 23 and slidably connected to the cross bar 23, and a brush 262 fixedly connected to a side wall of the connecting pipe 261, wherein the brush 262 is made of steel so as to withstand high temperature. Be provided with slider 263 on the connecting pipe 261 inner wall, horizontal pole 23 is the tubulose setting equally, and set up the spout 232 of being connected with slider 263 slides on the lateral wall of horizontal pole 23, spout 232 sets up along horizontal pole 23 length direction, make cleaning brush 26 can follow horizontal pole 23 length direction and remove, the coaxial connecting rod 27 that is provided with in the horizontal pole 23, connecting rod 27 slides with horizontal pole 23 and is connected, connecting rod 27 lateral wall and slider 263 fixed connection, connecting rod 27 extends to between horizontal pole 23 and the second support 112 towards the one end of second support 112.

Referring to fig. 2, a cam 113 is fixedly connected to one end of the second bracket 112 facing the cross bar 23, the cam 113 is arranged in a circular ring shape, and the axis of the cam 113 coincides with the axis of the second bushing 22. The end face of the cam 113 facing the cross rod 23 is arranged in a sine curve shape, one end of the connecting rod 27 facing the second support 112 is abutted against the sine curve of the cam 113 through the pulley block 28, and the pulley block 28 is rotatably connected with the end of the connecting rod 27.

Referring to fig. 5, a spring 231 is disposed between one end of the connecting rod 27 facing the first bracket 111 and the inner wall of the cross bar 23, one end of the spring 231 abuts against the cross bar 23, and the other end abuts against the connecting rod 27, and the spring 231 can ensure the stability of the abutment of the pulley block 28 and the cam 113. When the cross bar 23 revolves, the connecting rod 27 moves on the end face of the cam 113, so that the connecting rod 27 continuously drives the cleaning brush 26 to reciprocate in the length direction of the cross bar 23, and the surface of the forged piece is sufficiently cleaned by the cleaning brush 26.

Referring to fig. 4, the pulley block 28 includes a supporting pulley 282 contacting with the end surface of the cam 113 and a guiding pulley 283 contacting with the outer sidewall of the cam 113, and the guiding pulley 283 can always contact with the outer sidewall of the cam 113, thereby ensuring that the supporting pulley 282 can normally move on the end surface of the cam 113.

Referring to fig. 2, a collecting box 14 is arranged below the cleaning frame, the collecting box 14 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the machine base 1, and the scale cleaned from the surface of the forged piece by the cleaning brush 26 can fall into the collecting box 14, so that the scale can be conveniently collected.

The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: firstly, shaft forgings need to be fixed. The bolt 253 is pulled out from the plug hole, the clamping joint is separated from the clamping groove, and the cross rod 23 is rotated, so that a space for a forged piece to pass through is reserved on the cleaning frame.

The shaft forging is horizontally placed between the first ejector rod 41 and the second ejector rod 42, the handle 422 is rotated, the distance between the first ejector rod 41 and the second ejector rod 42 is adjusted, two ends of the forging in the length direction are fixed through the two pointed cones 421, and the pointed cones 421 are located at the center positions of the end faces of the forging. The cross bar 23 is rotated to engage the engagement tabs with the engagement slots and the latch 253 is inserted back into the insertion hole.

The driving motor 31 is started, the driving motor 31 drives the first supporting rod 12, the driving gear 321 and the forging to rotate, the driving gear 321 drives the transmission gear 322 to rotate, and meanwhile, the transmission gear 322 revolves along the internal gear 323. The connecting rod 27 drives the cleaning brush 26 to reciprocate along the length direction of the cross rod 23 under the action of the cam 113, so that the cleaning brush 26 cleans oxide skin on the surface of the forged piece. The collection box 14 can collect scale scraps.

After the forge piece is cleaned, the plug pin 253 is pulled out from the plug hole, the cross rod 23 is rotated, a space for the forge piece to enter and exit is reserved on the cleaning frame, the distance between the first ejector rod 41 and the second ejector rod 42 is adjusted, and the forge piece is taken out of the cleaning device 2.

The embodiments of the present invention are the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by this, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the utility model are covered within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an axle type forging descaler which characterized in that: the forging piece fixing device comprises a base (1), a cleaning device (2) arranged on the base (1), a driving device (3) used for driving the cleaning device (2) to operate and a fixing device (4) used for fixing a forging piece; a support frame (11) is fixedly connected above the base (1), and the support frame (11) comprises a first support (111) and a second support (112) which is arranged in parallel relative to the first support (111); the cleaning device (2) comprises a cleaning frame which is horizontally arranged and is rotatably connected with the support frame (11) and a cleaning brush (26) which is connected with the cleaning frame, the cleaning frame is arranged between the first support (111) and the second support (112), the cleaning frame is linked with the driving device (3), and the cleaning brush (26) can be abutted to the surface of the forged piece;

the fixing device (4) is arranged between the first bracket (111) and the second bracket (112) and is positioned on one side of the cleaning brush (26).

2. The shaft forging descaling apparatus of claim 1, wherein: two opposite sides of the first bracket (111) and the second bracket (112) are respectively connected with a first supporting rod (12) and a second supporting rod (13), the first supporting rod (12) penetrates through the first bracket (111) and is rotatably connected with the first bracket (111), and the axis of the first supporting rod (12) is perpendicular to the end face of the first bracket (111); a second support rod (13) is fixedly connected to the second bracket (112), and the axis of the second support rod (13) is coincident with the axis of the first support rod (12);

the cleaning frame comprises a first shaft sleeve (21), a second shaft sleeve (22) and a cross rod (23), wherein the second shaft sleeve (22) is coaxially arranged with the first shaft sleeve (21), the cross rod (23) is arranged between the first shaft sleeve (21) and the second shaft sleeve (22), the cleaning brush (26) is connected with the side wall of the cross rod (23), and the first shaft sleeve (21) and the second shaft sleeve (22) are respectively in rotating connection with a first supporting rod (12) and a second supporting rod (13); the axis of the cross rod (23) is parallel to the axis of the first shaft sleeve (21), one end, close to the first support (111), of the cross rod (23) is connected with a first longitudinal rod (211), one end, close to the second support (112), of the cross rod (23) is connected with a second longitudinal rod (221), and one ends, far away from the cross rod (23), of the first longitudinal rod (211) and the second longitudinal rod (221) are fixedly connected with the first shaft sleeve (21) and the second shaft sleeve (22) respectively;

the fixing device (4) comprises a first ejector rod (41) and a second ejector rod (42), wherein the first ejector rod (41) and the second ejector rod (42) are respectively connected with two opposite ends of the first supporting rod (12) and the second supporting rod (13).

3. The shaft forging descaling apparatus of claim 2, wherein: one end, close to the first support (111), of the transverse rod (23) is hinged to an adapter rod (24), and the adapter rod (24) is connected with one end, far away from the first shaft sleeve (21), of the first longitudinal rod (211); one end of the cross rod (23) close to the second support (112) is provided with a clamping part (25), and the cross rod (23) is detachably connected with the second longitudinal rod (221) through the clamping part (25);

the clamping portion (25) comprises a sleeve (252) connected with the cross rod (23), a fixing rod (251) fixedly connected with the sleeve (252) and a plug pin (253), and inserting holes matched with the plug pin (253) in an inserting mode are formed in the fixing rod (251) and the second longitudinal rod (221).

4. The shaft forging descaling apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the driving device (3) comprises a driving motor (31) arranged on one side of the first support (111) and a driving part (32) connected with the output end of the driving motor (31), and the driving part (32) is connected with the cleaning frame.

5. The shaft forging descaling apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the driving part (32) comprises a driving gear (321) fixedly connected with one end, close to the cleaning frame, of the first supporting rod (12), a transmission gear (322) fixedly connected with one end, far away from the cross rod (23), of the switching rod (24) and an internal gear (323) fixedly connected with one end, facing the cleaning frame, of the first support (111), and the driving gear (321), the transmission gear (322) and the internal gear (323) are sequentially meshed to form a planetary gear set; one end of the first supporting rod (12) far away from the cleaning frame is connected with the output end of the driving motor (31);

the adapter rod (24) is rotatably connected with the first longitudinal rod (211), and a pointed cone (421) rotatably connected with the second ejector rod (42) is arranged at the end part of the second ejector rod (42) facing the first ejector rod (41); the sleeve (252) is rotatably connected with the side wall of the cross rod (23).

6. The shaft forging descaling apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the diameter of the driving gear (321) is larger than that of the transmission gear (322).

7. The shaft forging descaling apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the cleaning brush (26) comprises a connecting pipe (261) sleeved on the cross rod (23) and a brush (262) fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the connecting pipe (261), the connecting pipe (261) is connected with the cross rod (23) in a sliding mode, the cross rod (23) is arranged in a tubular mode, a sliding groove (232) is formed in the side wall of the cross rod (23), the sliding groove (232) is arranged along the length direction of the cross rod (23), and a sliding block (263) connected with the sliding groove (232) in a sliding mode is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting pipe (261);

a connecting rod (27) is coaxially arranged in the cross rod (23), the connecting rod (27) is connected with the cross rod (23) in a sliding manner, the connecting rod (27) is fixedly connected with the sliding block (263), and one end, facing the second support (112), of the connecting rod (27) extends to a position between the cross rod (23) and the second support (112); one end, facing the cleaning frame, of the second support (112) is fixedly connected with a cam (113), the cam (113) is arranged in a circular ring shape, the axis of the cam (113) is overlapped with the axis of the second shaft sleeve (22), the end face, facing the cross rod (23), of the cam (113) is arranged in a sine curve shape, and one end, facing the second support (112), of the connecting rod (27) is abutted to the end face of the cam (113);

a spring (231) is arranged between one end, far away from the cam (113), of the connecting rod (27) and the inner wall of the cross rod (23), one end of the spring (231) is abutted against the cross rod (23), and the other end of the spring (231) is abutted against the connecting rod (27).

8. The shaft forging descaling apparatus of claim 7, wherein: one end, close to the cam (113), of the connecting rod (27) is rotatably connected with a pulley block (28), and the pulley block (28) comprises a pulley frame (281), a guide pulley (283) abutted against the outer side wall of the cam (113) and a support pulley (282) abutted against the wheel surface of the cam (113); the guide pulley (283) and the support pulley (282) are rotatably connected with the pulley frame (281), the axis of the guide pulley (283) is parallel to the axis of the connecting rod (27), and the axis of the support pulley (282) is vertical to the axis of the guide pulley (283).

9. The shaft forging descaling apparatus of claim 2, wherein: second bracing piece (13) are the tubulose setting, second ejector pin (42) wear to establish on first bracing piece (12) and with first bracing piece (12) threaded connection, the one end that first support (111) were kept away from in second ejector pin (42) extends to second support (112) and first support (111) one side dorsad and fixedly connected with handle (422).

10. The shaft forging descaling apparatus of claim 1, wherein: a collecting box (14) is arranged below the cleaning frame, and the collecting box (14) is fixedly connected with the machine base (1).