CN212597886U

CN212597886U - Kitchen waste treatment device

Info

Publication number: CN212597886U
Application number: CN202021338923.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王延刚; 常皓; 王金帅; 郭鹏宁; 郭兴; 宫建红
Original assignee: Shandong University
Current assignee: Shandong University
Priority date: 2020-07-09
Filing date: 2020-07-09
Publication date: 2021-02-26
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-09

Abstract

The utility model belongs to kitchen garbage handles the field, concretely relates to kitchen garbage processing apparatus, including frame, reducing mechanism and motor, still include dry and wet separator, reducing mechanism, dry and wet separator, motor are fixed in proper order in the frame from top to bottom. The kitchen waste fermentation device also comprises a fermentation bacteria barrel and a stop block for sealing the solid discharge hole, wherein a mixture of fermentation bacteria for fermenting the kitchen waste and an aqueous solution is arranged in the fermentation bacteria barrel; the screw conveying rod comprises a first screw rod, a second screw rod and a third screw rod which are connected in sequence, a bacterium liquid channel is arranged in the second screw rod and the third screw rod, the second screw rod and the third screw rod are communicated with the fermentation bacterium barrel through a pump, and a bacterium outlet is formed in the second screw rod. Compare with traditional kitchen garbage processing apparatus, this scheme can realize the function of fermentation and wet-dry separation simultaneously through a single equipment, and the structure is simple relatively, and the operation is convenient.

Description

Kitchen waste treatment device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to kitchen garbage handles the field, concretely relates to kitchen garbage processing apparatus.

Background

With the development of economy and the improvement of the living standard of people, the discharge amount of kitchen waste is increased day by day, a large amount of kitchen waste brings serious influence to the living environment and the health of people, the government of China pays high attention to the waste treatment problem, and the development of a kitchen waste treatment machine is imperative.

The existing kitchen garbage disposal machines are mainly divided into the following two types. One is a shredder type disposer, which is typically mounted under a sink and drives a cutter head with a small dc or ac motor. Utilize centrifugal force to smash the food waste of intracavity, then directly arrange the sewer into, this kind of processing apparatus is not suitable for popularizing by a wide margin at home, this is because the kitchen garbage after being smashed forms tiny particulate matter, and they deposit in the pipeline very easily, can increase the risk of pipe blockage. In addition, due to the catering habits of Chinese people, the oil content of the kitchen waste is high, and the oil is easy to adhere to the pipeline when meeting low temperature, so that the risk of blocking the pipeline is further increased; the other is a microbial decomposition type processor which utilizes organic microbes to degrade organic matters in the kitchen waste and convert residues into fertilizers, the processing mode better reflects the concept of waste utilization, but more problems exist in practical use, firstly, the salt content of compost is higher, which is not beneficial to the use of the fertilizers, secondly, due to the limitation of the process, the kitchen waste processing usually needs more than one day, which puts higher requirements on the deodorization and storage of the waste, the kitchen waste needs to be cleaned every day, and the indoor air environment is deteriorated due to frequent opening of the device.

Therefore, a patent with the patent number of 201910659691.9 discloses a kitchen waste treatment device, which comprises a rack, a crushing device, a motor and a dry-wet separation device, wherein the crushing device, the dry-wet separation device and the motor are sequentially fixed on the rack from top to bottom; the crushing device comprises a crushing shell and a crushing knife, wherein the upper end of the crushing shell is provided with a feeding hole, and the lower end of the crushing shell is provided with a discharging hole; the crushing cutter is rotatably arranged in the crushing shell, and a transmission chain wheel is arranged between the crushing cutter and the motor; the dry-wet separation device comprises a dry-wet separation shell and a spiral conveying rod, the spiral conveying rod is rotatably arranged in the dry-wet separation shell, a feed inlet is formed above the dry-wet separation shell, a liquid discharge outlet is formed below the dry-wet separation shell, and the feed inlet of the dry-wet separation shell is positioned right below the discharge outlet of the crushing shell; a filter screen is arranged in the dry-wet separation shell, and a discharge port of the dry-wet separation shell is positioned below the filter screen; one end of the dry-wet separation shell is also provided with a solid discharge hole; the dry-wet separation shell is provided with a support plate, and an elastic part is arranged between the support plate and the stop block; and a transmission chain wheel is arranged between the spiral conveying rod and the motor. This scheme has played good volume reduction and water oil separating effect, has reduced the easy smelly problem of rubbish.

However, the conventional kitchen waste treatment apparatus is usually taken to a waste treatment plant for incineration after the waste treatment, and is usually subjected to biological fermentation treatment before the incineration to ensure the incineration effect. The water content of the garbage passing through the spiral conveying rod is less, so that the oil content and the salt content of the garbage are high, the propagation of bacteria is not facilitated, and the garbage is usually treated by adding water. The steps are all completed through different devices at present, the structure is complex, and the operation is complex. Therefore, a kitchen waste treatment device is urgently needed to realize the functions of fermentation and dry-wet separation at the same time.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a kitchen garbage processing apparatus to realize the function of fermentation and wet-dry separation simultaneously.

In order to achieve the purpose, the scheme provides a kitchen waste treatment device which comprises a rack, a crushing device, a motor and a dry-wet separation device, wherein the crushing device, the dry-wet separation device and the motor are sequentially fixed on the rack from top to bottom; the crushing device comprises a crushing shell and a crushing knife, wherein the upper end of the crushing shell is provided with a feeding hole, and the lower end of the crushing shell is provided with a discharging hole; the crushing cutter is rotatably arranged in the crushing shell, and a transmission chain wheel is arranged between the crushing cutter and the motor; the dry-wet separation device comprises a dry-wet separation shell and a spiral conveying rod, the spiral conveying rod is rotatably arranged in the dry-wet separation shell, a feed inlet is formed above the dry-wet separation shell, a liquid discharge outlet is formed below the dry-wet separation shell, and the feed inlet of the dry-wet separation shell is positioned right below the discharge outlet of the crushing shell; a filter screen is arranged in the dry-wet separation shell, and a discharge port of the dry-wet separation shell is positioned below the filter screen; one end of the dry-wet separation shell is also provided with a solid discharge hole; a transmission chain wheel is arranged between the spiral conveying rod and the motor;

the kitchen waste fermentation device also comprises a fermentation bacteria barrel and a stop block for sealing the solid discharge hole, wherein a mixture of fermentation bacteria for fermenting the kitchen waste and an aqueous solution is arranged in the fermentation bacteria barrel; the spiral conveying rod comprises a first spiral rod, a second spiral rod and a third spiral rod which are connected in sequence, spiral blades are arranged on the first spiral rod and the second spiral rod, and the distance between the spiral blades on the first spiral rod and the spiral blades on the second spiral rod is gradually reduced; a bacteria liquid channel is arranged in the second screw rod and the third screw rod, the second screw rod and the third screw rod are communicated with the fermentation bacteria barrel through a pump, and a bacteria outlet is formed in the second screw rod; the dry-wet separation shell is provided with a supporting plate, an elastic piece is arranged between the supporting plate and a stop block, and the stop block is fixed on the third spiral rod.

The principle of the scheme is as follows: the kitchen waste is physically crushed by a crushing device, the crushed waste enters a dry-wet separation device, the kitchen waste gradually moves and is compressed under the action of a spiral conveying rod, and liquid waste flows out of a liquid discharge port through a filter screen and is collected; simultaneously, starting a pump machine, pumping zymophyte and aqueous solution into a second screw rod together, feeding the zymophyte and the aqueous solution into a dry-wet separation shell, fermenting the compressed garbage and adding water; and then, the solid garbage continues to be compressed and moved, and finally, along with the increase of the pressure, the solid garbage overcomes the elasticity of the elastic piece, so that the solid discharge hole is opened, and the solid garbage flows out of the solid discharge hole to be collected. The collected solid waste and liquid waste are further processed.

The beneficial effect of this scheme lies in:

1. the arrangement of the zymophyte barrel enables the water solution to be mixed with the compressed kitchen waste, and oil and salt remained in the kitchen waste can be further analyzed; meanwhile, the supplement of the aqueous solution reduces the oil content and the salt content of the kitchen waste, and is more beneficial to fermentation treatment of zymophyte.

2. The distance between the helical blades on the first helical rod and the second helical rod is gradually reduced, and under the arrangement, the closer the distance between the helical blades, the better the compression effect is. Simultaneously, because first hob and second hob are connected in order, consequently helical blade's between first hob and the second hob distance is then bigger, and the kitchen garbage that conveniently compresses through first hob absorbs water fluffy.

3. This scheme combines breaker and wet separator futilely, and a motor of sharing can drive two equipment simultaneously, practices thrift the cost and occupation space obtains reduction by a wide margin.

Compare with traditional kitchen garbage processing apparatus, this scheme can realize the function of fermentation and wet-dry separation simultaneously through a single equipment, and the structure is simple relatively, and the operation is convenient.

Further, the diameter of the second screw rod is gradually reduced towards the direction of the third screw rod. Because the second screw rod is provided with the bacterium outlet, the strength of the position is relatively low, and therefore, the diameter ratio towards the first screw rod is larger, the contact surface between the helical blade and the screw rod can be increased, and the integral strength is increased.

Furthermore, a stirring rod is arranged on the second spiral rod close to the first spiral rod. Due to the arrangement of the stirring rod, the compressed kitchen waste can be fluffy better, and the kitchen waste can be better contacted with bacteria and moisture.

Furthermore, a one-way valve which is communicated in one way from the second screw rod to the dry-wet separation shell is arranged at the bacteria outlet. The setting of check valve can effectually avoid zymophyte and moisture to enter into in the fungus liquid passageway.

Further, the solid discharge hole is conical, and the stop block is a conical block matched with the solid discharge hole. The wedge-shaped meshes have better filtering effect.

Furthermore, the filtering holes of the filter screen are wedge-shaped meshes.

Furthermore, a support rod is arranged between the support plate and the dry-wet separation shell. The setting of bracing piece for the intensity of backup pad is higher, and is fixed more stable.

Furthermore, collecting boxes are arranged below the liquid discharge port and the solid discharge port. The arrangement of the collecting box can conveniently collect the pretreated garbage, thereby facilitating the subsequent operation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a kitchen waste treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a kitchen waste treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is the embodiment of the utility model provides a kitchen garbage processing apparatus's schematic structure diagram.

Fig. 4 is the embodiment of the utility model provides a structural schematic diagram of dry-wet separator among kitchen garbage processing apparatus.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a frame 10, a crushing device 20, a crushing knife 21, a dry-wet separation device 30, a dry-wet separation shell 301, a first screw rod 3021, a second screw rod 3022, a third screw rod 3023, a fungus outlet 3024, a stirring rod 3025, a chain wheel 303, a support plate 304, a solid discharge outlet 305, a stop block 306, an elastic member 307, a feed inlet 308, a liquid discharge outlet 309, a spray outlet 310, a filter screen 311, a motor 40 and a drive chain 41.

The embodiment provides kitchen waste pretreatment equipment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the whole equipment mainly comprises three parts, namely a crushing device 20, a dry-wet separation device 30 and a motor 40 from bottom to bottom, and the three devices are all arranged on a rack 10.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the crushing device 20 includes a crushing shell and a plurality of crushing blades 21, and the feeding port 308 of the crushing shell is flared outward to facilitate the garbage feeding. A set of crushing sword includes the blade, and two blades are crisscross to be set up, and the right-hand member of two blades all is provided with intermeshing's gear. The cutter blade comprises a plurality of cutter heads and cutter head spacer rings, and the assembly form of the driving shaft is that 1 cutter head and 1 cutter head spacer ring are sequentially assembled; the assembly form of the driven shaft is that 1 cutterhead spacer ring 1 cutterhead is assembled with a plurality of cutterheads (the number of the cutterheads is the same as that of the driving shafts) in sequence. The rotating shaft of one of the blades is provided with a chain wheel 303, and the chain wheel 303 is connected with the chain wheel 303 on the motor 40 through the transmission chain 41. The motor 40 is electrically driven by 380V three-phase electricity, the rated power is 3.7kw, and the workload is preferably about 2 square per hour.

The discharge port is arranged below the crushing shell, and the feed port 308 of the dry-wet separation device 30 is arranged right below the discharge port of the crushing shell. As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the wet and dry separation device 30 includes, from left to right, a screw conveyor 302, a sprocket 303, a wet and dry separation shell 301, a tapered stopper 306, an elastic member 307, and a support plate 304.

Bearings are arranged on the leftmost end of the dry-wet separation shell 301 and the support plate 304, and the spiral conveying rod 302 is rotatably arranged in the dry-wet separation shell 301 through the bearings. The sprocket 303 is fixed to the leftmost end of the screw conveyor 302 and is connected to the sprocket 303 of the motor 40 via the transmission chain 41.

The screw conveying rod is rotatably arranged in the dry-wet separation shell 301, a feed inlet is arranged above the dry-wet separation shell 301, a liquid discharge outlet is arranged below the dry-wet separation shell 301, and the feed inlet of the dry-wet separation shell 301 is positioned under the discharge outlet of the crushing shell. A filter screen is arranged in the dry-wet separation shell 301, and a discharge port of the dry-wet separation shell 301 is positioned below the filter screen; one end of the dry-wet separation shell 301 is also provided with a solid discharge port 305; a transmission chain wheel is arranged between the spiral conveying rod and the motor.

In addition, a zymocyte barrel is also arranged, and a mixture of zymocytes and water solution for fermenting the kitchen waste is arranged in the zymocyte barrel. As shown in fig. 4, the screw feed rod includes, from left to right, a first screw rod 3021, a second screw rod 3022, and a third screw rod 3023, which are connected in sequence. Helical blades are arranged on the first helical rod 3021 and the second helical rod 3022, and the distance between the helical blades on the first helical rod 3021 and the second helical rod 3022 is gradually reduced; i.e. the helical blades are becoming denser. The second and

third screws

3022 and 3023 are provided with a bacteria liquid channel therein, and the second and

third screws

3022 and 3023 are communicated with the fermentation tubes through a pump, specifically, the delivery tube of the fermentation tubes is connected with the bacteria liquid channel at the right end of the third screw 3023 through a rotary connector. A bacteria outlet port 3024 is arranged at the left end of the second screw rod 3022, and a one-way valve which is communicated in one way from the second screw rod 3022 to the dry-wet separation shell 301 is arranged at the bacteria outlet port 3024. The one-way valve can effectively prevent zymophyte and water from entering the bacteria liquid channel; the dry-wet separation shell 301 is provided with a support plate 304, an elastic member 307 is arranged between the support plate 304 and a stop 306, and the stop 306 is fixed on a third screw rod 3023. The elastic part 307 is a stainless steel pressure spring, and has a long service life.

A stirring rod 3025 is provided on the second screw rod 3022 near the first screw rod 3021. Due to the arrangement of the stirring rod 3025, the compressed kitchen waste can be fluffy, and the contact between the kitchen waste and bacteria and moisture is better.

When the kitchen waste crusher is used, firstly, the kitchen waste is physically crushed by the crushing device, the crushed waste enters the dry-wet separation device 30, the kitchen waste gradually moves and is compressed under the action of the spiral conveying rod, and liquid waste flows out of the liquid discharge port through the filter screen and is collected; meanwhile, the pump is started, the zymophyte and the water solution are pumped into the second screw rod 3022 and enter the dry-wet separation shell 301, and the compressed garbage is fermented and added with water; and then, the solid garbage continues to be compressed and moved, and finally, along with the increase of the pressure, the solid garbage overcomes the elasticity of the elastic piece, so that the solid discharge hole is opened, and the solid garbage flows out of the solid discharge hole to be collected. The collected solid waste and liquid waste are further processed.

It should be noted that, in the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

The above description is only an example of the present invention, and the common general knowledge of the known specific structures and characteristics of the embodiments is not described herein. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. A kitchen waste treatment device comprises a rack, a crushing device, a motor and a dry-wet separation device, wherein the crushing device, the dry-wet separation device and the motor are sequentially fixed on the rack from top to bottom; the crushing device comprises a crushing shell and a crushing knife, wherein the upper end of the crushing shell is provided with a feeding hole, and the lower end of the crushing shell is provided with a discharging hole; the crushing cutter is rotatably arranged in the crushing shell, and a transmission chain wheel is arranged between the crushing cutter and the motor; the dry-wet separation device comprises a dry-wet separation shell and a spiral conveying rod, the spiral conveying rod is rotatably arranged in the dry-wet separation shell, a feed inlet is formed above the dry-wet separation shell, a liquid discharge outlet is formed below the dry-wet separation shell, and the feed inlet of the dry-wet separation shell is positioned right below the discharge outlet of the crushing shell; a filter screen is arranged in the dry-wet separation shell, and a discharge port of the dry-wet separation shell is positioned below the filter screen; one end of the dry-wet separation shell is also provided with a solid discharge hole; a transmission chain wheel is arranged between the spiral conveying rod and the motor; the method is characterized in that:

2. The kitchen waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the second screw rod is gradually reduced towards the direction of the third screw rod.

3. The kitchen waste treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: and a stirring rod is arranged on the second screw rod and close to the first screw rod.

4. The kitchen waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a one-way valve which is communicated in one way from the second screw rod to the dry-wet separation shell is arranged at the bacteria outlet.

5. The kitchen waste treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the solid discharge hole is conical, and the stop block is a conical block matched with the solid discharge hole.

6. The kitchen waste treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the filtering holes of the filtering net are wedge-shaped meshes.

7. The kitchen waste treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: and a support rod is arranged between the support plate and the dry-wet separation shell.

8. The kitchen waste treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: and collecting boxes are arranged below the liquid discharge port and the solid discharge port.