CN212567368U

CN212567368U - Leveling ruler pad capable of accurately measuring ground surface elevation

Info

Publication number: CN212567368U
Application number: CN202022301776.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘雁春; 刘尧; 张永鑫; 李聪
Original assignee: Dalian Senbior Surveying Instrument Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Dalian Senbior Surveying Instrument Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-16
Filing date: 2020-10-16
Publication date: 2021-02-19
Anticipated expiration: 2030-10-16

Abstract

The utility model discloses a simple structure, convenient operation and but leveling ruler pad of accurate determination ground surface elevation are equipped with horizontal base plate (1), are fixed with three stabilizer blade (2), its characterized in that below horizontal base plate (1): the center of the transverse base plate (1) is provided with a vertical through hole (3), a moving body (4) capable of moving up and down is arranged in the vertical through hole (3), the upper end of the moving body (4) is connected with a spherical crown body (5) which is positioned on the transverse base plate (1) and has a spherical radius R, the lower end of the moving body (4) is connected with an inverted cone (6) positioned below the transverse base plate (1), and the sum of the heights of the spherical crown body (5), the moving body (4) and the inverted cone (6) is equal to the spherical radius R.

Description

Leveling ruler pad capable of accurately measuring ground surface elevation

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of geodetic survey and engineering survey, especially, relate to a simple structure, convenient operation and can accurate survey ground surface elevation's leveling ruler pad.

Background

The purpose of leveling is to measure the height difference between two level points on the ground (i.e. the ground points where the leveling marker is buried), and if the height of one level point is known, the height of the other level point can be calculated from the measured height difference. The traditional leveling device consists of a level and two leveling rods, wherein the two leveling rods are respectively arranged at A, B two leveling points on the ground during measurement, the level is arranged at the middle position of A, B two points, the horizontal sight of a leveling telescope is utilized to respectively and accurately read the elevation values of the two leveling rods, the difference of the measured elevation values is the level elevation difference of the two leveling points of A, B on the ground, and if the elevation of the point A is known, the elevation of the other point B can be calculated by the elevation difference. Because the leveling device directly measures the effective horizontal distance of the height difference between two ground points, which is less than 300 meters (if the factors of fluctuation, atmospheric refraction and the like of the ground are considered, the effective horizontal distance is smaller), when the distance between A, B two points is greater than the effective horizontal distance, a transition leveling point (commonly called as a turning point) needs to be set between A, B two points, and the leveling staff is rotated in place at the transition leveling point for measurement, so that the height of the known leveling point is transferred to another leveling point, and the continuous height difference measurement is realized. In order to ensure stable and accurate elevation transfer, it is usually necessary to survey the ground and to design and arrange transition level points according to the ground conditions and to take measurements using footrests (particularly soft ground is piled). The prior ruler pad is generally a triangular or round plane transverse base plate cast by metal, three support legs with the same size are arranged below the transverse base plate, and a pad head with a hemispherical top end is arranged above the transverse base plate. During measurement, the ruler pad is fixed on the transition leveling point stably, and then the bottom end of the ruler body of the leveling staff is placed on the pad head of the ruler pad for measurement. In order to improve the leveling efficiency, a hard ground transition leveling point capable of measuring an accurate elevation can be used as a long-term-use leveling point, and the accurate elevation of the leveling point is reserved as an effective elevation. However, the feet of the ruler pad are difficult to insert into the hard ground, the terrain is complex, the vertical height of the pad head from the ground cannot be accurately measured, a large number of hard ground transition leveling points cannot be used as leveling points for long-term use, the hard ground transition leveling points are in a state of being abandoned after the transition, and the leveling efficiency is influenced.

To this end, the chinese patent application No. 201410070126.6 discloses a "leveling ruler pad capable of being used upside down", which is mainly structured in such a manner that a pad body of the ruler pad is changed into a rectangle shape matched with the bottom end of a leveling staff body, when the ground surface elevation of a hard ground needs to be directly measured, the pad body is fixed to the bottom end of the leveling ruler body after the ruler pad is turned upside down, a pad head is arranged on the ground surface of the hard ground, and the elevation of the ground surface at a transitional leveling point can be obtained through an elevation correction device from the pad head to the bottom end of the leveling staff body. However, practice has shown that: when the "leveling foot pad which can be used upside down" is used, although a unique contact point is formed with the ground surface at the transition leveling point of the hard ground and the elevation of the ground surface can be obtained, when the leveling foot is rotated in situ to perform continuous elevation transfer measurement, the contact point formed by the pad head and the ground surface can generate sliding drift, so that the continuous elevation transfer measurement is broken, and the measurement is failed.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model relates to a solve the above-mentioned technical problem that prior art exists, provide a simple structure, convenient operation and but the leveling ruler pad of accurate determination ground surface elevation.

The technical solution of the utility model is that: a leveling ruler pad capable of accurately measuring the ground surface elevation is provided with a transverse base plate, three support legs are fixed below the transverse base plate, a vertical through hole is formed in the center of the transverse base plate, a moving body capable of moving up and down is arranged in the vertical through hole, the upper end of the moving body is connected with a spherical crown body which is located above the transverse base plate and has a spherical radius R, the lower end of the moving body is connected with an inverted cone which is located below the transverse base plate, and the sum of the heights of the spherical crown body, the moving body and the inverted cone is equal to the spherical radius R.

And a pressure spring arranged between the spherical crown body and the transverse base plate is sleeved outside the moving body.

A first sleeve positioned on the outer side of the moving body is fixed on the transverse base plate, a limiting ring is fixed on the inner side of the upper end of the first sleeve, a pressing ring connected with the moving body is arranged below the limiting ring, and a pressure spring arranged between the pressing ring and the transverse base plate is sleeved on the moving body.

Vertical supporting pieces are fixed on two opposite sides of the inner wall of the vertical through hole, a vertical groove is formed in the inner side of each vertical supporting piece, two transverse limiting rods are fixed on the outer side of the moving body, the outer ends of the two transverse limiting rods are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the vertical groove, and a pressure spring is arranged between the transverse limiting rods and the bottom of the vertical groove.

The second sleeve positioned on the outer side of the moving body is fixed on the transverse base plate, the supporting plate positioned on the upper surface of the inverted cone is fixed below the transverse base plate, a hole coaxial with the vertical through hole is formed in the supporting plate, a step is arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the moving body, and a pressure spring positioned between the step and the supporting plate is sleeved on the moving body.

The utility model discloses a fill up the head and reciprocate the structure and the invariable discrepancy in elevation of ball radius correction principle has realized the accurate determination of stereoplasm ground surface elevation. The height sum of the spherical crown body with the spherical radius R, the moving body and the cone is equal to the spherical radius R, when the leveling staff is placed on the spherical crown body for measurement, whether the hard ground is horizontal or not, the leveling staff can be guaranteed to form a unique contact point with the ground surface at the turning point of the hard ground, the vertex of the inverted cone and the three support legs are enabled to act together to be stably placed on a leveling point for measurement by using a ruler pad (non-piling), sliding drift of the contact point formed with the ground surface is avoided, and the requirement of continuous height transfer measurement is met. The height difference between the bottom surface of the leveling staff and the contact point of the ground surface is kept constant (the radius R of the sphere), the height of the ground surface can be accurately measured without adjustment and correction, and the operation is simple. The transition leveling point on the hard ground can be used as a leveling point for long-term use, the accurate elevation of the point can be reserved as an effective elevation for a long time, and the overall efficiency of leveling can be greatly improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 and 4 are schematic structural diagrams of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 and 7 are schematic structural views of embodiment 5 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1: the same as the prior art, be equipped with the circular horizontal base plate 1 that the quality is heavier that materials such as metal make, be fixed with three stabilizer blade 2 below horizontal base plate 1, different with the prior art: a vertical through hole 3 with a circular cross section is arranged in the center of a transverse base plate 1, a moving body 4 capable of moving up and down is arranged in the vertical through hole 3, the upper end of the moving body 4 is connected with a spherical crown body 5 which is positioned above the transverse base plate 1 and has a spherical radius R, the lower end of the moving body 4 is connected with an inverted cone 6 (with a cone vertex downward) positioned below the transverse base plate 1, and the sum of the heights of the spherical crown body 5, the moving body 4 and the inverted cone 6 is equal to the spherical radius R. The up-and-down movement of the moving body 4 has the function of ensuring that the inverted cone 6 can be stably contacted with the ground under the pressure of the leveling staff when the ground is uneven, and particularly ensuring that the contact point of the inverted cone 6 and the ground does not move when the rotating ruler is used for measurement. The design structure of the spherical radius R ensures that the accurate elevation of the ground contact point can be obtained by constant correction when the ground is uneven.

The use process comprises the following steps: will the embodiment 1 of the utility model provides an arrange stereoplasm ground in and change the point (generally draw the cross circle with paint and mark) on and settle three stabilizer blade 2 in ground, arrange the levelling rod in and carry out the measurement on the spherical crown body 5, the weight of levelling rod can apply decurrent pressure and make the moving body 4 remove downwards, no matter whether stereoplasm ground is the level, all can make the summit and the three stabilizer blade 2 of the inverted cone 6 settle steadily on stereoplasm ground. After the elevation value of the bottom surface of the leveling staff is measured, the elevation value is added with the spherical radius R (which is known and fixed), and then the elevation of the ground surface at the rotating point of the hard ground can be accurately obtained.

Example 2:

the basic mechanism is the same as that of embodiment 1, and is different from embodiment 1 in that, as shown in fig. 2, a pressure spring 7 interposed between a spherical crown body 5 and a lateral base plate 1 is fitted around a movable body 4.

The procedure is essentially the same as in example 1, but the pressure spring 7 allows the inverted cone 6 to be retracted upwards when the levelling rod is not in place, facilitating the setting of the foot rest in alignment with the ground levelling point. When placing the levelling staff on the spherical crown body 5 and measuring, the weight of the levelling staff can apply downward pressure to make the moving body 4 move downwards, and simultaneously the tension of the pressure spring 7 can effectively transfer the self weight of the levelling staff to the three support legs 2, so that the top point of the inverted cone 6 and the three support legs 2 act together and are placed on the hard ground more stably. The mass of the lateral base plate 1 can be reduced compared to embodiment 1 by the action of the pressure spring 7.

Example 3:

as shown in fig. 3 and 4: the basic structure is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that a first sleeve 8 positioned outside the moving body 4 is fixed on the transverse substrate 1, a limiting ring 9 is fixed on the inner side of the upper end of the first sleeve 8, the inner diameter of the limiting ring 9 is the same as that of the vertical through hole 3, a press ring 10 connected with the moving body 4 is arranged below the limiting ring 9, and a pressure spring 7 arranged between the press ring 10 and the transverse substrate 1 is sleeved on the moving body 4.

The procedure was as in example 2.

Example 4:

as shown in fig. 5: the basic structure is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the difference is that the transverse base plate 1 is triangular, the vertical supporting members 11 are fixed on two opposite sides of the inner wall of the vertical through hole 3, the vertical groove 12 (which may be a through hole) is formed in the inner side of the vertical supporting member 11, the two transverse limiting rods 13 are fixed on the outer side of the moving body 4, the outer ends of the two transverse limiting rods 13 are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the vertical groove 12, the pressure spring 7 is arranged between the transverse limiting rods 13 and the bottom of the vertical groove 12, that is, the upper end of the pressure spring 7 abuts against the lower surface of the transverse limiting rod 13, and the lower end abuts against the.

The procedure was as in example 2.

Example 5:

as shown in fig. 6 and 7: the basic structure is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that the transverse base plate 1 is in a three-leaf shape, so that the vertex of the inverted cone 6 is more conveniently arranged at the center of the horizontal point, a second sleeve 14 positioned outside the moving body 4 is fixed on the transverse base plate 1, the bottom of the second sleeve 14 can be positioned on the transverse base plate 1, or can be positioned on the bottom surface of the transverse base plate 1 through a vertical through hole 3 as shown in fig. 7, a support plate 15 positioned on the inverted cone 6 is fixed below the transverse base plate 1, the support plate 15 can be integrated with the second sleeve 14, a hole 17 coaxial with the vertical through hole 3 is formed in the support plate 15, a step 16 is arranged outside the upper end of the moving body 4, and the moving body 4 is sleeved with a pressure spring 7 positioned between the step 16 and the support plate 15, namely, the lower end of the pressure spring 7 abuts against the support plate.

The procedure was as in example 2.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a but leveling ruler pad of accurate determination ground surface elevation is equipped with horizontal base plate (1), and the following of horizontal base plate (1) is fixed with three stabilizer blade (2), its characterized in that: the center of the transverse base plate (1) is provided with a vertical through hole (3), a moving body (4) capable of moving up and down is arranged in the vertical through hole (3), the upper end of the moving body (4) is connected with a spherical crown body (5) which is positioned on the transverse base plate (1) and has a spherical radius R, the lower end of the moving body (4) is connected with an inverted cone (6) positioned below the transverse base plate (1), and the sum of the heights of the spherical crown body (5), the moving body (4) and the inverted cone (6) is equal to the spherical radius R.

2. The leveling blade for accurately determining the elevation of a ground surface of claim 1, wherein: and a pressure spring (7) arranged between the spherical crown body (5) and the transverse base plate (1) is sleeved outside the moving body (4).

3. The leveling blade for accurately determining the elevation of a ground surface of claim 1, wherein: a first sleeve (8) positioned on the outer side of the moving body (4) is fixed on the transverse substrate (1), a limiting ring (9) is fixed on the inner side of the upper end of the first sleeve (8), a pressing ring (10) connected with the moving body (4) is arranged below the limiting ring (9), and a pressure spring (7) arranged between the pressing ring (10) and the transverse substrate (1) is sleeved on the moving body (4).

4. The leveling blade for accurately determining the elevation of a ground surface of claim 1, wherein: vertical supporting pieces (11) are fixed on two opposite sides of the inner wall of the vertical through hole (3), a vertical groove (12) is formed in the inner side of each vertical supporting piece (11), two transverse limiting rods (13) are fixed on the outer side of the moving body (4), the outer ends of the two transverse limiting rods (13) are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the vertical groove (12), and a pressure spring (7) is arranged between the transverse limiting rods (13) and the bottom of the vertical groove (12).

5. The leveling blade for accurately determining the elevation of a ground surface of claim 1, wherein: a second sleeve (14) located on the outer side of the moving body (4) is fixed on the transverse base plate (1), a supporting plate (15) located on the upper surface of the inverted cone (6) is fixed on the lower surface of the transverse base plate (1), a hole (17) coaxial with the vertical through hole (3) is formed in the supporting plate (15), a step (16) is arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the moving body (4), and a pressure spring (7) located between the step (16) and the supporting plate (15) is sleeved on the moving body (4).