CN212566960U

CN212566960U - Counter-flow cooling tower with water and gas respectively running

Info

Publication number: CN212566960U
Application number: CN202021156391.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 代文艳; 路淑雅; 李肖
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-06-12
Filing date: 2020-06-12
Publication date: 2021-02-19
Anticipated expiration: 2030-06-12

Abstract

A counter-flow cooling tower with water and gas respectively running features that its filler is composed of many small funnels, so increasing its surface area, inclined plane, water drops passing through the water outlet from top to bottom to form fine and dense new water drops, and the air passing through the filler from bottom to top is not like counter-flow tower but running obliquely upward along the space between filler and filler.

Description

Counter-flow cooling tower with water and gas respectively running

Technical Field

This scheme belongs to cooling tower technical field, especially the counterflow cooling tower that aqueous vapor ran respectively.

Background

The cooling tower is a device for taking away heat in hot water by air, and the most common cooling tower at present has a counter-flow type and a cross-flow type working mode. Chemical systems mostly adopt mechanical forced ventilation measures, and power plants mostly rely on natural ventilation. The decisive factors for lowering the temperature are mainly the amount of air and the filler, which disperses the liquid water, at the same time increasing the surface area and reducing the speed of the water stream falling, so that the contact time with the air is increased, so that the more dispersed the water droplets in the cooling tower the better the cooling effect, the slower the water stream or the speed of the water droplet falling the better the cooling effect, and the larger the air flux the better the cooling effect.

At present, the packing of the counter-flow cooling tower with the highest packing efficiency is plate corrugated packing which is of a dense structure, and a plurality of plate corrugated packing sheets are bonded together to form a whole, so that dense corrugations and holes are formed in the whole; in the plate corrugated packing, water flows downwards along the zigzag corrugations in the holes, the moving speed is reduced due to resistance caused by corrugation gullies, and the contact time with air is prolonged, so that the cooling effect is improved. Therefore, the higher the density and the more ripples of the packing layer are, the better the water cooling effect is. But the air passes through the pores and only runs from bottom to top, and the direction is opposite to that of the water flow; then, the problem arises that the tortuous and dense ripple ravines also bring resistance to the air, thereby reducing the efficiency, and the denser ripple ravines have greater resistance to the air, resulting in poorer effect; that is, the dispersion and air resistance of the water flow are restricted, and they cannot be improved at the same time, which is the key problem that the efficiency of the current countercurrent tower cannot be improved. In addition, air and water penetrate into and out of the same gap, the criss-cross corrugations enable the gap to be like a bottleneck, and in the filler of the countercurrent cooling tower, water flows downwards along the wall of the filler instead of being dispersed in the air in a water drop mode, so that the cooling efficiency is influenced. The processing capacity of the cooling tower is in proportion to the amount of air passing through, and in order to overcome the problem of large air resistance, the power of the fan is increased, but because the corrugated channel which is bent hard forms numerous bottlenecks, the effect of increasing the power of the fan is not large, but the power consumption is increased by a large amount. And some counter-flow cooling towers adopt a filler-free structure, but the problem that the drop speed of water drops is too high cannot be solved, and the cooling effect is not ideal.

The cross-flow cooling tower mostly adopts a drip film as a filler, is horizontally arranged, has a hole on the upper surface, and water drips downwards in a rain drop mode and can decelerate once after passing through the drip film. Air enters from the side and runs transversely, the air resistance is low, one part of water is dispersed into water drops, the other part of water is attached to the drip film in a film mode, and the dispersibility is relatively better than that of a counter-flow cooling tower. However, the cross flow tower has three problems to reduce the efficiency, one is that the water drops in the tower body have uneven cooling and heating because the air always enters from the outside and the air just entering the cooling tower is cold, but the temperature is higher when the air runs inwards, so that the cooling effect of the water drops outside the cooling tower is better, and the cooling effect of the water drops near the center is poor. Secondly, the cross flow tower occupies a large space because the large volume of the center has no filler and no water drops, and is only a channel of air, and the space is wasted. And thirdly, air is short-circuited, namely most of air enters from the top of the tower body close to the fan and then is discharged out of the tower body by the fan, and the amount of air entering from the bottom is very small, so that the cooling effect cannot be improved.

Various countries in the world strive for research for years, try to produce the cooling tower with ideal high temperature difference, high efficiency and low cost, and make progress to different degrees every year, but the effect is not great, and the running state of the cooling tower is not fundamentally improved; the problems of large space, short circuit of air quantity and uneven water temperature still exist in the cross flow tower; the counter-flow cooling tower still has the problems of large water spraying drops, small density and large air resistance, and the problem that water and air are mutually restricted due to filler holes.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems of short circuit of upper air quantity and uneven water temperature inside and outside the cross flow tower and the problems of low water spraying density and large air resistance of a counter flow cooling tower, the scheme provides the counter flow cooling tower with water and gas respectively running, and is characterized in that filler is composed of dense small funnels, so that the surface area is increased, and an inclined plane is arranged; the water drops pass through the water outlet holes like a funnel from top to bottom to form fine and dense new water drops, air does not pass through the filler from the same hole from bottom to top like a counter-flow tower, but runs obliquely upwards along the space between the filler and the filler, the shape and the structure of the air flow tower are close to those of the counter-flow tower, but the running mode of the air flow tower is close to that of the cross-flow tower, the formed rain drops are dense and fine, no idle space of the cross-flow tower exists in the middle of the air flow tower, the problems of large space, short circuit of air volume and uneven water temperature of the cross-flow tower are fundamentally solved, and the problems of small water spraying density, large air resistance and mutual restriction of.

The technical scheme adopted by the scheme for solving the technical problem is as follows: the filler is composed of a triangular hole funnel film, a drip cornea and a plate ripple filler, wherein the triangular hole funnel film filler is composed of a plurality of small funnels and is arranged along the inclined plane of the outer wall of the cooling tower, the drip cornea filler is arranged at the corner of the cooling tower, the plate ripple filler is arranged at the central part, the sectional area of the plate ripple filler accounts for 1/9-1/15 of the total sectional area, and the triangular hole funnel film is arranged at the periphery.

The triangular hole funnel membrane is technically characterized in that a latticed framework is formed by a long frame and an inclined short frame, and the purpose is to support the strength of the membrane, and meanwhile, the membrane has a water collecting function and prevents water flow from flowing downwards along the long frame; the bottom of the grid framework is provided with a triangular liquid guide sheet and a water collecting and distributing funnel 1-6; in the triangular-hole funnel membrane, the distance between two adjacent long frames is 16-18 mm, and the distance between two adjacent oblique short frames is 14-15 mm; the length of the funnel membrane with the triangular holes is 2m-3m, the width is 0.8m-1.0m, and the thickness is 3cm-6 cm; the triangular hole funnel membrane combination is placed in the cooling tower along the tower wall in an inclined plane, the inclined direction is consistent with the running direction of the fan, the included angle between the inclined plane and the horizontal plane is 36-52 degrees, if the included angle is larger, water flow can flow along the membrane and small water drops are difficult to generate, and if the included angle is smaller, the air running resistance is increased. The inclined surface is shaped like a plurality of small funnels in cross section as seen from the front view, and the tips of the triangular liquid guiding fins point in an obliquely downward direction in order to allow the water to smoothly flow downward through the membrane and drop into fine water droplets along the tips, but the air is harder to pass through the membrane. The distance between two adjacent oblique short frames is reduced to 14mm-15mm instead of 16mm-18mm when seen from the top view, so that the side length of each small square is 14mm-15mm when seen from the top view, and the generated water drops are dense and fine. A plurality of triangular-hole funnel membranes are vertically stacked to form an integral module, the distance between every two layers of funnel membranes is 200mm-300mm, the funnel membranes are fixed and reinforced by inclined supporting rods 1-8, and the funnel membranes are fixed on a hanging beam by a hanging rope 5. The total length of each integral module is the length of the side of the cooling tower minus 2 times of the side of the drip cornea, the height is 1.2m-2m, and the width is 0.8m-1.0m (namely the width of the triangular hole funnel membrane). From cost analysis, the distance between every two triangular hole funnel films is 200mm-300mm, which is more than ten times larger than the distance of the plate corrugated filler, so that the whole module occupies less materials, and has light weight and low cost.

The drip cornea is named because the drip cornea is placed at the corner of a cooling tower, and is a square plate with corrugations on the horizontal and vertical sides, the corrugations on the horizontal and vertical sides enable the plate to have convex and concave parts, the surface area is increased, circular air outlet holes are formed in the convex parts of the corrugations, triangular water outlet holes are formed in the concave parts, the aperture ratio is 10% -25%, water drops of water flow after passing through the tips of the triangular parts are fine and can drip in time, and therefore the water drops are prevented from being accumulated on the plate surface to form scale; the side length of the drip cornea is 0.8m-1.0m, is equal to the width of the triangular hole funnel membrane, is horizontally placed, the top of the drip cornea is level with the triangular hole funnel membrane, 1-4 layers are arranged, and the layer height is 400 mm; the positions of the triangular-hole funnel film are at the starting end and the terminal end of the triangular-hole funnel film, namely at the four corners of the cooling tower, and the triangular-hole funnel film is fixed on the hanging beam by hanging ropes. The drip cornea is arranged to solve the problem that air is blocked by the tower wall when entering the edge of the triangular-hole funnel membrane, and simultaneously, the problem that the air collides with the wall of the cooling tower when running to the end is solved; the air can horizontally and smoothly run in the point-drip cornea and also can run from bottom to top.

The filler arrangement, the three fillers are arranged in the counter-flow cooling tower in which the water and the air respectively run, namely a triangular-hole funnel film, a drip cornea and a plate ripple filler, wherein the inclination direction of the triangular-hole funnel film filler is consistent with the running direction of the fan; FIGS. 2 and 3 show the orientation of the triangular-hole funnel films, in which the oblique lines from the east, west, south and north are all oblique lines from the lower left to the upper right, as a result of the fan rotating counterclockwise; if the fan rotates clockwise, the placing direction is opposite, namely the oblique lines seen from the east, the west, the south and the north are oblique lines from the lower right to the upper left; the requirement is that the air is forced to run obliquely upwards by the rotation of the fan instead of moving vertically, and if the oblique direction of the triangular-hole funnel membrane is not consistent with the rotation direction of the fan, the air flows backwards and downwards in the filler; however, this condition is difficult to achieve in the central part of the cooling tower, and therefore, in the present solution, the plate corrugated packing is arranged in the central part, and although the plate corrugated packing consumes a lot of materials and has a large air resistance, the total cost is still low and the efficiency is high due to the small amount of the plate corrugated packing. The triangular-hole funnel film integral filler and the point-drip cornea integral filler are distributed from 1-4 sections from outside to inside and are arranged from 1-3 layers from bottom to top, and the quantity is determined by the size of the cooling tower.

The water is sprayed out from the spray head to form water drops of a free falling body, the water drops drop on the triangular hole funnel film to form a water film, the water film is converged to the tip end of the triangular liquid guide sheet along each inclined plane of the funnel shape to form the triangular hole funnel film of which the small water drops automatically drop to the next layer, and then the small water drops are repeatedly formed and converged and dropped to the next layer. The tip of the triangular liquid guide sheet can reduce water drops, and the square grids are small in size and only have the side length of 14-15 mm, so that the formed water drops are fine, uniform and dense, and other fillers are difficult to achieve. The water drops are vertically dripped from top to bottom in drip horns at four corners and plate ripple packing at the central part of the section of the cooling tower. The water drops are re-dispersed and distributed through one triangular hole funnel film to form new homogeneous fine dense water drops, and the re-distribution process makes the water drop descending speed slow and raise the temperature difference. When water drops drop on each section of drip cornea, the formed water film is converged to the triangular water outlet along the concave-convex small inclined plane and then drops. When water drops on the plate corrugated filler at the central part, the water bends downwards back and forth, and the operation process is the same as that of the common filler, and detailed description is omitted; and after the water downwards penetrates out of the top layer integral filler group, the water enters the integral filler group on the next layer, and finally drops into a collecting tank in a fine raindrop mode.

Air enters from the bottom of each section of packing along the direction indicated by an air running arrow, passes through the packing layer from bottom to top in the triangular hole funnel membrane in a mode different from that of a countercurrent tower and does not move horizontally in a mode different from that of a crossflow tower, but runs obliquely upwards along gaps among layers of the triangular hole funnel membrane formed by inclined planes, and fully contacts with fine and dense water drops to take away heat, so that the cooling purpose is achieved; because the gaps between the layers of the triangular-hole funnel membrane are large (200mm-300mm), the air runs smoothly, the flow is large, and the efficiency is high. When the air passes through the tail end of the triangular hole funnel membrane, the air enters the drip cornea, most of the air turns left in the drip cornea and enters the triangular hole funnel membrane arranged on the other side of the tower wall, and then the operation is repeated in the inclined upward direction, and a small part of the air vertically passes through the drip cornea. Thus, the air generally rotates around the center of the tower body and moves upwards, the rotating direction of the air is consistent with the rotating direction of the fan, and finally the air is discharged out of the tower body through the water collector fins. When the cornea is dripped on each section of the cornea, the cornea is upwards penetrated out from the circular air outlet. Air upwards penetrates out of the bottom layer integral filler film, then enters the upper layer integral filler group, and finally is discharged out of the tower body through the water collector fins.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a counter-flow cooling tower with the tower wall removed and with water and gas separately operated according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1, reflecting the placement of the packing;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional elevation view of FIG. 3 taken along directions A, B, C and D, reflecting the diagonal arrangement of the triangular-aperture funnel membrane;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a triangular aperture funnel membrane configuration, the upper half of which is a single-piece main cross-sectional view and the lower half of which is a top view;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged portion of a cross-sectional view of a triangular aperture funnel membrane configuration;

FIG. 6 is a diagram of a structure of a flat drip membrane, the upper part of which is a front cross-sectional view of a single piece of the flat drip membrane, and the lower part of which is a top view;

in fig. 1 and 3, 1 is a triangular hole funnel membrane, 2 is a drip cornea, 3 is an air operation arrow, 4 is a water drop, 5 is a hanging rod, 6 is a hanging rope, 7 is a hanging beam, 8 is a spray head, 9 is a water collector fin;

in fig. 2, 1-1. the outermost section triangular hole funnel membrane, 1-2. the middle side section triangular hole funnel membrane, 1-3. the inner side section triangular hole funnel membrane, 2-1. the outermost section drip cornea, 2-2. the middle side section drip cornea, and 2-3. the inner side section drip cornea;

in fig. 4 and 5: 1-4 long frames, 1-5 triangular liquid guide sheets, 1-6 water collecting and distributing funnels, 1-7 oblique short frames, 1-8 oblique support rods,

in fig. 6, 2-4. triangular water outlet holes and 2-5. circular air outlet holes;

Detailed Description

Example 1

A counter-flow cooling tower with water and gas respectively running is composed of a triangular-hole funnel film 1, a drip cornea 2 and a plate ripple filler 10 which are mixed, wherein the triangular-hole funnel film 1 is composed of a plurality of small funnels and is arranged along the inclined plane of the outer wall of the cooling tower, the drip cornea 2 is arranged at the corner of the cooling tower, the plate ripple filler 10 is arranged at the center of the tower, occupies 1/9-1/15 of the total volume and is surrounded by the triangular-hole funnel film 1. The triangular hole funnel membrane 1 is technically characterized in that a grid framework is formed by long frames 1-4 and oblique short frames 1-7, and a triangular liquid guide sheet 1-5 and a water collection distribution funnel 1-6 are arranged at the bottom of the grid framework; the triangular hole funnel membrane 1 has the length of 2m-3m, the width of 0.8m-1.0m and the thickness of 3cm-6 cm; the triangular-hole funnel membrane 1 assembly is placed in the cooling tower along the tower wall in an inclined plane, and the inclined direction is consistent with the running direction of the fan. The included angle between the inclined plane and the horizontal plane is 38 degrees, the section of the inclined plane after being placed is like a funnel when seen from the front view, and the tip of the triangular liquid guide sheet 1-5 points to the obliquely lower direction; the side length of each small square is 14mm-15mm when seen from the top view. A plurality of triangular hole funnel membranes 1 are overlapped up and down to form an integral module, the distance between every two layers of funnel membranes in the module is 220mm, the funnel membranes are fixed and strengthened by inclined supporting rods 1-8, and the funnel membranes are fixed on a hanging beam 7 by a hanging rod 5 through a hanging rope 6. The total length of each integral module is the length of the side of the cooling tower minus 2 times of the side of the drip cornea 2, the height is 1.2m-2m, and the width is 0.8m-1.0 m.

The side length of the drip cornea 2 is 0.8m-1.0m, the drip cornea is a square plate with corrugations on the horizontal and vertical sides, the drip cornea is horizontally placed, the top of the drip cornea is level with the funnel membrane 1 with the triangular hole, 1-4 layers are arranged, and the layer height is 400 mm; the corrugated convex part is provided with 2-5 circular air outlet holes, the concave part is provided with 2-4 triangular water outlet holes, the aperture ratio is 12% -25%, the positions of the circular air outlet holes are arranged at the starting end and the terminal end of the triangular funnel membrane 1, the circular air outlet holes are fixed on a hanging beam 7 through a hanging rope 6, and water drops are fine and can drop in time after passing through the tip of a triangle.

The whole filler of the triangular hole funnel membrane 1 and the whole filler of the point-dropping cornea 2 are internally and externally provided with 3 groups, and 2 layers are arranged up and down.

The water operation is that water drops 4 sprayed from a spray head 8 drop on each section of triangular hole funnel film 1, then the water drops 4 are converged to the tip of a triangular liquid guide sheet 1-5 along each small inclined plane of the funnel shape to form small water drops 4, the small water drops automatically drop on the next layer of triangular hole funnel film 1, then new water films are repeatedly formed, and the new water films are converged and dropped on the next layer; the water drops 4 are re-dispersed and distributed once passing through one layer of the triangular-hole funnel membrane 1 to form new uniform, fine and dense water drops 4, and finally the new water drops are dropped into a collecting pool; when the water drops 4 drop on the point drip cornea 2, the formed water film is converged to the triangular water outlet hole (2-4) along the concave-convex drip cornea 2 and then drops downwards from the tip of the triangle, and the formed water drops are fine and dense.

Air moves from the bottom of each section of the filler along an air moving arrow 3, moves obliquely upwards along gaps between each layer of the film formed by inclined planes in the triangular-hole funnel film 1, and fully contacts with fine and dense water drops (4) to take away heat, so that the cooling purpose is achieved; when part of air passes through the tail end of the triangular hole funnel film 1, the air enters the drip cornea 2, turns 90 degrees leftwards at the moment, enters the triangular hole funnel film 1 arranged on the other side of the tower wall, and then repeatedly runs obliquely upwards, so that the air generally runs upwards by rotating the plate corrugated packing 10 around the center of the tower body, and the rotating direction of the air is consistent with the rotating direction of the fan; air upwards penetrates out of the bottom layer integral filler film, then enters the upper layer integral filler group, and finally is discharged out of the tower body through the water collector fins 9.

Example 2

The filler is arranged, the distance between every two layers of funnel films of the triangular hole funnel film 1 in the module is 260mm, the whole filler and the integral filler of the drip cornea 2 are internally and externally distributed by 4 groups, 2 layers are arranged up and down, and the filler is the same as the filler in embodiment 1.

Claims

1. A counter-flow cooling tower with water and gas respectively running is characterized in that: the filler is formed by mixing a triangular hole funnel film (1) with a drip cornea (2) and a plate ripple filler (10), wherein the triangular hole funnel film (1) is formed by a plurality of small funnels and is arranged along the inclined plane of the outer wall of the cooling tower, the drip cornea (2) is arranged at the corner of the cooling tower, the plate ripple filler (10) is arranged at the central part of the tower, occupies 1/9-1/15 of the total volume and is surrounded by the triangular hole funnel film (1); the triangular hole funnel membrane (1) is a latticed framework composed of a long frame (1-4) and an inclined short frame (1-7), and a triangular liquid guide sheet (1-5) and a water collection and distribution funnel (1-6) are arranged at the bottom of the latticed framework; the triangular hole funnel membrane (1) has the length of 2m-3m, the width of 0.8m-1.0m and the thickness of 3cm-6 cm; the triangular hole funnel film (1) assembly is placed in a cooling tower along the tower wall in an inclined plane, the inclined direction is consistent with the running direction of a fan, the included angle between the inclined plane and the horizontal plane is 36-52 degrees, the section of the inclined plane after placement is shaped like a funnel when seen from a front view, the tip of a triangular liquid guide sheet (1-5) points to the obliquely downward direction, and the side length of each small square is 14-15 mm when seen from a top view; a plurality of triangular hole funnel membranes (1) are vertically overlapped to form an integral module, the distance between every two layers of funnel membranes in the module is 200mm-300mm, the funnel membranes are fixed and strengthened by inclined supporting rods (1-8), and the funnel membranes are fixed on a hanging beam (7) by hanging rods (5) through hanging ropes (6).

2. The counter-flow cooling tower for separate water and gas operation of claim 1, wherein: the side length of the drip cornea (2) is 0.8m to 1.0m, the drip cornea is a square plate with corrugations on the horizontal and vertical sides, the drip cornea is horizontally placed, the top of the drip cornea is level with the funnel membrane (1) with the triangular hole, 1 to 4 layers are arranged, and the layer height is 400 mm; the corrugated convex part is provided with a circular air outlet (2-5), the concave part is provided with a triangular water outlet (2-4), the aperture ratio is 12% -25%, the positions of the circular air outlet and the triangular water outlet are arranged at the starting end and the terminal end of the triangular funnel membrane (1), the circular air outlet and the triangular water outlet are fixed on a hanging beam (7) by a hanging rope (6), and water drops are fine and can drop in time after passing through the triangular tip.

3. A water-air operated counter-flow cooling tower as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the triangular hole funnel film (1) and the drip cornea (2) are internally and externally provided with 3 groups and are vertically provided with 2 layers.

4. The counter-flow cooling tower for separate water and gas operation of claim 1, wherein: water drops (4) sprayed from a spray head (8) drop on each section of triangular-hole funnel membrane (1), then are collected to the tip end of a triangular liquid guide sheet (1-5) along each small inclined plane of the funnel shape to form small water drops (4), the water drops (4) are re-dispersed and distributed once passing through one layer of triangular-hole funnel membrane (1) to form new uniform, fine and dense new water drops (4), and finally the new water drops drop into a water collecting pool; when the water drops (4) are dropped on the drip cornea (2), the formed water film is converged to the triangular water outlet holes (2-4) along the concave-convex drip cornea (2) and then drops downwards from the tips of the triangle, and the formed water drops are fine and dense.

5. The counter-flow cooling tower for separate water and gas operation of claim 1, wherein: air moves along an air moving arrow (3) from the bottom of each section of the filler, moves obliquely upwards along gaps between each layer of film formed by inclined planes in the triangular-hole funnel film (1), and fully contacts with fine and dense water drops (4) to take away heat; when part of air passes through the tail end of the triangular hole funnel membrane (1), the air enters a drip cornea (2), the air turns 90 degrees leftwards and enters the triangular hole funnel membrane (1) arranged on the other side of the tower wall, and then the air repeatedly runs obliquely upwards, so that the air generally runs upwards in a rotating way around the plate corrugated packing (10) at the center of the tower body, and the rotating direction of the air is consistent with the rotating direction of the fan; air upwards penetrates out of the bottom layer integral filler film, then enters the upper layer integral filler group, and finally is discharged out of the tower body through the water collector fins (9).