CN212565853U - Biomass boiler control system and biomass boiler unit - Google Patents
Biomass boiler control system and biomass boiler unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN212565853U CN212565853U CN202020982789.6U CN202020982789U CN212565853U CN 212565853 U CN212565853 U CN 212565853U CN 202020982789 U CN202020982789 U CN 202020982789U CN 212565853 U CN212565853 U CN 212565853U
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Abstract
A biomass boiler control system and a biomass boiler unit belong to the technical field of boilers. The biomass boiler aims to solve the problems that the existing biomass boiler does not have functions of preventing backfire and explosion and a corresponding hardware control system. The system of the utility model comprises a biomass boiler unit and a control console, wherein a fire grate is arranged inside a biomass boiler, and a blower is arranged below the fire grate and is electrically connected with a blower controller; the automatic igniter is arranged above one end of the fire grate close to the hopper, and the ignition controller is electrically connected with the automatic igniter; a boiler temperature measuring instrument is arranged at the throat of the biomass boiler; a PLC controller is arranged in the console; the control keyboard and the emergency brake valve are arranged on the console and are electrically connected with the PLC; the control console is also provided with a data transmission port, the biomass boiler unit is provided with a signal receiving and transmitting port, and the data transmission port is electrically connected with the signal receiving and transmitting port through a data transmission line. The method is mainly used for controlling the biomass boiler.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a biomass boiler control system and biomass boiler unit belongs to boiler technical field.
Background
The main fuel of the biomass boiler is agricultural and forestry waste, including various crop straws, rice hulls, wood chips and the like. Compared with the traditional coal furnace, the biomass boiler has the advantages of rich fuel, low price, easy obtainment, cleanness, environmental protection and the like. However, the biomass boiler has some problems to be solved urgently in practical operation, and one of the most dangerous problems is tempering and explosion.
Biomass fuels, when burned, produce combustible gases such as carbon monoxide and methane. After the biomass boiler is stopped, if combustible gas is remained in a boiler furnace, the furnace explosion phenomenon is easy to occur during secondary ignition, the tempering is very easy to occur, the hopper is ignited, the hopper and the whole feeding system can be burnt out in serious conditions, and even the personal safety of operators can be threatened.
A chinese patent No. 201721325670.6, a utility model patent published as 2018, 7 and 6 discloses a boiler anti-backfire system. The utility model discloses a when the temperature that adopts temperature sensor to detect the feed inlet exceeded warning line temperature, send water to put out a fire in the feed bin through water delivery device. However, in the mode, fire extinguishing measures are taken after tempering occurs, no pretreatment protection measures for explosion chambers are taken, and large-area fire is easily caused accidentally and even the boiler body is damaged.
At present, the methods for preventing backfire and explosion chamber are various, but most methods are to stop the furnace for inspection after the possibility of backfire or backfire phenomenon is found. The method is easy to cause danger, consumes a large amount of manpower, material resources and time, and has low working efficiency.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses a solve current biomass boiler and do not possess anti-backfire, explosion-proof thorax function and the hardware control system who corresponds, have certain potential safety hazard in biomass boiler use.
A biomass boiler control system comprising: biomass boiler unit and console 9;
the biomass boiler unit comprises a hopper 1, an ignition controller 3, an automatic igniter 4, a boiler temperature measuring instrument 5, a blower controller 6, a blower 7 and a fire grate 8;
the grate 8 is arranged in the biomass pot, and the blower 7 is arranged below the grate 8 and is electrically connected with the blower controller 6; the automatic igniter 4 is arranged above one end of the fire grate 8 close to the hopper 1, and the ignition controller 3 is electrically connected with the automatic igniter 4; a boiler temperature measuring instrument 5 is arranged at the throat of the biomass boiler;
a control keyboard 11 and an emergency brake valve 13 are arranged on the console 9; a PLC (programmable logic controller) 12 is arranged in the console 9;
the control keyboard 11 and the emergency brake valve 13 are arranged on the console 9 and are electrically connected with the PLC 12; the control console 9 is further provided with a data transmission port 14, the biomass boiler unit is provided with a signal receiving and transmitting port 16, and the data transmission port 14 and the signal receiving and transmitting port 16 are electrically connected through a data transmission line 15.
Further, a hopper electromagnetic switch 2 is mounted on the hopper 1, and the hopper electromagnetic switch 2 is closed to start working.
Further, an industrial display 10 is arranged on the console 9.
A biomass boiler unit comprises a hopper 1, an ignition controller 3, an automatic igniter 4, a boiler temperature measuring instrument 5, a blower controller 6, a blower 7 and a fire grate 8;
the grate 8 is arranged in the biomass pot, and the blower 7 is arranged below the grate 8 and is electrically connected with the blower controller 6; the automatic igniter 4 is arranged above one end of the fire grate 8 close to the hopper 1, and the ignition controller 3 is electrically connected with the automatic igniter 4; a boiler temperature measuring instrument 5 is arranged at the throat of the biomass boiler;
and a signal receiving and sending port 16 is arranged on the biomass boiler unit.
Further, a hopper electromagnetic switch 2 is mounted on the hopper 1, and the hopper electromagnetic switch 2 is closed to start working.
Has the advantages that:
one, the utility model discloses make biomass boiler have the part of anti-backfire, explosion-proof thorax function at the hardware aspect for the boiler can realize the function of anti-backfire, explosion-proof thorax in use and operation process. After the fire is stopped, the PLC controller controls the operation of the air feeder and combines the information of the boiler temperature measuring instrument to assist the combustion of the fuel which is not completely combusted in the boiler, thereby ensuring the flame in the boiler to be extinguished, reducing the temperature in the boiler and shortening the time for stopping the boiler. Meanwhile, in the blowing-out process, a part of combustible gas can be discharged, and the probability of tempering and explosion during ignition is reduced.
Second, the utility model discloses when having guaranteed to ignite at the hardware aspect, have earlier through the combustible gas's in the forced draught blower work discharge stove hardware to realize reducing the interior temperature of stove. Through the hardware guarantee of gas replacement after furnace shutdown and before ignition, combustible gas in the furnace can be completely discharged, the probability of tempering and explosion of the hearth is reduced to the minimum, and the potential hazards of tempering and explosion of the hearth are effectively eliminated.
Thirdly, the utility model discloses pay-off and the automatic work of igniteing can be realized. After the ignition standard in the furnace is met, the PLC can control the hopper to operate to enable fuel to be paved on a fire grate, and then ignition is carried out.
Fourthly, the utility model discloses can realize carrying out real time monitoring to the boiler furnace temperature in service, ensure that operating personnel in time discovers the problem.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a biomass boiler control system with functions of backfire prevention and explosion chamber prevention. The system comprises a hopper 1, a hopper electromagnetic switch 2, an ignition controller 3, an automatic igniter 4, a boiler temperature measuring instrument 5, a blower controller 6, a blower 7, a fire grate 8, a console 9, an industrial display 10, a control keyboard 11, a PLC (programmable logic controller) 12, an emergency brake valve 13, a data transmission port 14, a data transmission line 15 and a signal receiving and transmitting port 16.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment is described in detail with reference to figure 1,
this embodiment is a biomass boiler control system, includes: biomass boiler unit and console 9;
the biomass boiler unit comprises a hopper 1, a hopper electromagnetic switch 2, an ignition controller 3, an automatic igniter 4, a boiler temperature measuring instrument 5, a blower controller 6, a blower 7 and a fire grate 8;
a hopper electromagnetic switch 2 is arranged on the hopper 1, and the hopper electromagnetic switch 2 closes the hopper to start working;
the grate 8 is arranged in the biomass pot and used for conveying biomass fuel, and the blower 7 is arranged below the grate 8 and electrically connected with the blower controller 6; the automatic igniter 4 is arranged above one end of the fire grate 8 close to the hopper 1, the ignition controller 3 is electrically connected with the automatic igniter 4, and the automatic igniter 4 ignites the biomass boiler; a boiler temperature measuring instrument 5 is arranged at the throat of the biomass boiler and used for obtaining the temperature in the biomass boiler.
An industrial display 10, a control keyboard 11 and an emergency brake valve 13 are arranged on the console 9; a PLC (programmable logic controller) 12 is arranged in the console 9;
the control keyboard 11 and the emergency brake valve 13 are arranged on the console 9 and are electrically connected with the PLC 12; the control console 9 is also provided with a data transmission port 14, the biomass boiler unit is provided with a signal receiving and transmitting port 16, and the data transmission port 14 and the signal receiving and transmitting port 16 are electrically connected through a data transmission line 15; the PLC 12 realizes the receiving and sending of all information and instructions through the data transmission port 14, the signal receiving and sending port 16 and the data transmission line 15, and realizes the communication with an ignition controller, an electromagnetic switch and the like;
the control keyboard (11) is used for starting, stopping, operating and the like of the biomass boiler; the emergency brake valve (13) is used for emergency stop of the biomass boiler; when the system has an uncontrollable fault, the emergency brake valve (13) can be pressed, all operations of the system can be stopped immediately, and the safety of a boiler and operators is ensured.
The utility model discloses only require the protection hardware system including the PLC controller to not be to control logic and control process. The utility model discloses a hardware system guarantees to realize the basis of biomass boiler anti-backfire, explosion-proof thorax control, is the hardware embodiment that biomass boiler anti-backfire, explosion-proof thorax function realized. Although the utility model discloses do not require to protect control logic and control process, but for the explanation the utility model discloses a hardware system's work flow explains the utility model discloses specific working method.
When in ignition, the PLC 12 sends an ignition instruction to the boiler. After the ignition instruction is issued, the boiler temperature measuring instrument 5 starts to work to measure the temperature in the furnace. Ignition is safest when the temperature in the hearth is below the starting safety temperature (generally 30 ℃), so the ignition temperature of the safety pretreatment control system of the anti-backfire and anti-explosion hearth of the biomass boiler is the starting safety temperature. When the temperature detected by the boiler temperature detector is lower than the starting safety temperature, the temperature measuring instrument 5 stops working, the blower controller 6 sends a working instruction to the blower 7, the blower 7 starts to blow air into the hearth, and meanwhile, the timer in the PLC 12 starts to time and times for a certain time, so that the combustible gas in the auxiliary hearth can be discharged out of the hearth, and the boiler is prevented from being ignited to explode due to instant combustion of the combustible gas in the hearth. After a certain time, the blower controller 6 sends a work stopping instruction to the blower 7, the blower 7 stops working, then the hopper electromagnetic switch 2 sends a work instruction to the hopper 1, the hopper 1 starts feeding materials into the boiler, the time delay is 0.5-1 minute, after the biomass fuel is fully paved on a fire grate 8 of the boiler, the ignition controller 2 sends an ignition instruction to the automatic igniter 3, the biomass fuel is ignited, and the ignition is completed. If the temperature is higher than the starting safety temperature, the boiler temperature measuring instrument 5 and the air feeder 7 work simultaneously, so that the temperature in the boiler is reduced, and the temperature in the boiler is detected simultaneously. The process is circulated until the temperature in the furnace drops below the start-up safety temperature, and the system continues.
During the operation of the biomass boiler, the boiler temperature measuring instrument 5 measures the temperature in the boiler in real time, transmits the collected temperature signals to the signal receiving and transmitting port 16, transmits the temperature signals to the data transmission 14 through the data transmission line 15, transmits the collected temperature signals to the PLC 12, and displays the temperature information through the industrial display 10, so that an operator can detect the temperature in the boiler in real time.
When blowing out, a blowing out signal is sent to the boiler through the PLC controller. After the blowing-out signal is sent out, the blower 7 in the boiler starts to work to assist the combustible gas in the hearth to be discharged out of the hearth, and meanwhile, the boiler temperature measuring instrument 5 detects the temperature in the boiler. In order to prevent the re-ignition phenomenon, the blowing-out safety temperature of the system is generally set to 35 ℃, and when the temperature in the furnace is lower than the blowing-out safety temperature, a timer in the PLC 12 is started and timed for a certain time to ensure that all combustible gas in the furnace is discharged out of a hearth. After a certain time, the temperature measuring instrument detects the temperature in the furnace, and if the temperature in the furnace is lower than the safety temperature of furnace shutdown, the blower 7 stops working, and the furnace shutdown is completed. If the temperature in the boiler is higher than the safety temperature of blowing out, the blower 7 continues to work for a period of time, the boiler temperature measuring instrument 5 detects again, and the process is circulated until the temperature is lower than the safety temperature of blowing out, the blower stops working, and blowing out is completed. If the temperature detected by the first temperature detector 7 is higher than the furnace shutdown safety temperature, the system will return to the state after the furnace shutdown instruction is sent, and the process is circulated in such a way until the temperature is reduced to be lower than the furnace shutdown safety temperature, and the system continues to operate.
The second embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment is a biomass boiler unit, comprising a hopper 1, an ignition controller 3, an automatic igniter 4, a boiler temperature measuring instrument 5, a blower controller 6, a blower 7 and a fire grate 8;
a hopper electromagnetic switch 2 is arranged on the hopper 1, and the hopper electromagnetic switch 2 closes the hopper to start working;
the grate 8 is arranged in the biomass pot, and the blower 7 is arranged below the grate 8 and is electrically connected with the blower controller 6; the automatic igniter 4 is arranged above one end of the fire grate 8 close to the hopper 1, and the ignition controller 3 is electrically connected with the automatic igniter 4; a boiler temperature measuring instrument 5 is arranged at the throat of the biomass boiler;
and a signal receiving and sending port 16 is arranged on the biomass boiler unit.
Claims (5)
1. A biomass boiler control system, comprising: a biomass boiler unit and a console (9);
the biomass boiler unit comprises a hopper (1), an ignition controller (3), an automatic igniter (4), a boiler temperature measuring instrument (5), a blower controller (6), a blower (7) and a fire grate (8);
the grate (8) is arranged in the biomass pot, and the blower (7) is arranged below the grate (8) and is electrically connected with the blower controller (6); the automatic igniter (4) is arranged above one end of the fire grate (8) close to the hopper (1), and the ignition controller (3) is electrically connected with the automatic igniter (4); a boiler temperature measuring instrument (5) is arranged at the throat of the biomass boiler;
a control keyboard (11) and an emergency brake valve (13) are arranged on the console (9); a PLC controller (12) is arranged in the console;
the control keyboard (11) and the emergency brake valve (13) are arranged on the console and are electrically connected with the PLC (12); the control console is also provided with a data transmission port (14), the biomass boiler unit is provided with a signal receiving and transmitting port (16), and the data transmission port (14) is electrically connected with the signal receiving and transmitting port (16) through a data transmission line (15).
2. The biomass boiler control system according to claim 1, wherein the hopper (1) is provided with a hopper electromagnetic switch (2), and the hopper electromagnetic switch (2) closes the hopper to start working.
3. A biomass boiler control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an industrial display (10) is also provided on the console (9).
4. A biomass boiler unit is characterized by comprising a hopper (1), an ignition controller (3), an automatic igniter (4), a boiler temperature measuring instrument (5), a blower controller (6), a blower (7) and a fire grate (8);
the grate (8) is arranged in the biomass pot, and the blower (7) is arranged below the grate (8) and is electrically connected with the blower controller (6); the automatic igniter (4) is arranged above one end of the fire grate (8) close to the hopper (1), and the ignition controller (3) is electrically connected with the automatic igniter (4); a boiler temperature measuring instrument (5) is arranged at the throat of the biomass boiler;
and a signal receiving and sending port (16) is arranged on the biomass boiler unit.
5. Biomass boiler unit according to claim 4, characterized in that the hopper (1) is provided with a hopper electromagnetic switch (2), and the hopper electromagnetic switch (2) closes the hopper to start working.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020982789.6U CN212565853U (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2020-06-02 | Biomass boiler control system and biomass boiler unit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020982789.6U CN212565853U (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2020-06-02 | Biomass boiler control system and biomass boiler unit |
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| CN212565853U true CN212565853U (en) | 2021-02-19 |
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| CN202020982789.6U Active CN212565853U (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2020-06-02 | Biomass boiler control system and biomass boiler unit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114947166A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-30 | 贵州省烟草公司六盘水市公司 | Biomass baking deflagration-proof method |
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2020
- 2020-06-02 CN CN202020982789.6U patent/CN212565853U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114947166A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-30 | 贵州省烟草公司六盘水市公司 | Biomass baking deflagration-proof method |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20210518 Address after: No.2 Fuyun Road, Binxi Development Zone, Binxian County, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province Patentee after: HARBIN HADONG XINCHUN BOILER Co.,Ltd. Address before: Jiamusi University, 148 Xuefu Road, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province Patentee before: JIAMUSI University Patentee before: Harbin Hengchun Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |