CN212560640U - Biaxial warp-knitted fabric - Google Patents
Biaxial warp-knitted fabric Download PDFInfo
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- CN212560640U CN212560640U CN201922344882.4U CN201922344882U CN212560640U CN 212560640 U CN212560640 U CN 212560640U CN 201922344882 U CN201922344882 U CN 201922344882U CN 212560640 U CN212560640 U CN 212560640U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a biaxial warp knitting tissue fabric. The biaxial warp-knitted fabric comprises a water absorption layer, a water transmission layer and a connecting layer, wherein the water absorption layer comprises high water absorption fiber blended yarns, the water transmission layer comprises natural fibers or viscose fibers, the connecting layer comprises natural degradable synthetic fiber filaments, and the high water absorption fiber blended yarns are mainly formed by blending high water absorption fibers and viscose staple fibers. The utility model discloses a but biaxial warp knitting tissue fabric has high water absorption water retention nature and environmental protection natural degradation, can carry the nutrient composition of moisture and storage simultaneously again, is particularly suitable for as the effective tree planting material that the trees were planted like desert or desertification area and improved the survival rate, reduced the planting cost of surviving in the area of lack of water.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the weaving, especially a biaxial warp knitting tissue fabric.
Background
China is the biggest textile producing country in the world, the produced textiles are mainly used for the traditional purposes of home textile of clothes and the like, a small part of the textiles are used in the market of industrial products, and the textiles are less applied in the agriculture and animal husbandry and greening industries. With the rising cost of resource elements in the production of textiles for Chinese clothing, the traditional textile and clothing industry has more obvious trend of transferring to low-cost countries such as southeast Asia and the like. Therefore, the application of the traditional textile industry in China is more important, and the application of the traditional textile industry in agriculture, forestry and engineering fields is inevitably expanded.
A great amount of desert and desertified land exists in China and all over the world, the water and soil loss is serious, and the planting and greening are difficult. The technology of the traditional textile industry and the agriculture and forestry greening industry is combined for a few applications, and the novel functional high-technology textile has great application potential in the aspects of solving the problems of agricultural soilless culture and desert tree planting.
On the other hand, Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) is a new functional Polymer material with hydrophilic groups, which can absorb water several hundred to thousands times of the weight and has excellent water retention capacity. It mainly has three main categories: starch-based modified products, cellulose-based modified products, synthetic polymer-based products (including polyacrylic acid-based products, polyvinyl alcohol-based products, and polyoxyethylene-based products), and the like. Wherein, the polyacrylic acid series super absorbent resin has the advantages of lower cost, stronger water absorption capacity, simple process, high production efficiency and the like compared with starch series and cellulose series super absorbent resin, and can account for 80 percent of production capacity. The super absorbent resin is a chain molecular structure with a network of hydrophilic groups, which are cross-linked and intertwined with each other, and when absorbing water, the super absorbent resin permeates water into the resin through the capillary action and the diffusion action, and ionized groups on molecular chains are ionized in the water. Due to electrostatic repulsion between ions with the same charge on the chain, the polymer chain is stretched and swelled to form hydrogel. The ion concentration difference between the inner solution and the outer solution of the resin forms reverse osmosis pressure, and water is guided to further flow into the resin system. Meanwhile, the further expansion of the hydrogel system is limited by the crosslinking structure and the hydrogen bonding action of the resin. When the water contains a small amount of salt, the reverse osmosis pressure is reduced, and the water absorption capacity is greatly reduced. The super absorbent resin is in a gel state after absorbing water, the water is difficult to freely flow inside and outside the system, the water is difficult to freely flow even if certain pressure and temperature are applied, and the water locking and retaining effects are strong.
After the super absorbent resin is developed, the super absorbent resin is used as a water retention agent for improving soil in agriculture or forestry in countries such as the United states, Europe, Japan and the like, and China also has many successful attempts in this respect. The super absorbent resin commodity is in a particle or powder state, and is mixed with sandy soil in a certain proportion when used for improving soil in desert afforestation, and the main obstacles of large total consumption, large mixing workload, high cost and low cost-efficiency ratio are main obstacles influencing the popularization and the application of the super absorbent resin commodity. In addition, the super absorbent resin is in a powder or block shape, so that the powder is not fixed, is easy to move and is unevenly spread, and dust pollution is easily caused in the production and use processes.
In order to solve the technical problem of application of the water-Absorbent resin, super Absorbent fibers SAF (super Absorbent fiber) are further developed from super Absorbent resin SAP in the market. The super absorbent fiber is a fibrous super absorbent functional polymer material, and can absorb moisture several tens to several thousands times of the weight of the fiber. Compared with SAP, the surface area of the material is increased after the material is fiberized, the water absorption speed is higher, but the SAP has lower strength and is sensitive to humidity, basically cannot be stretched into filaments, usually exists in a staple fiber state, and is generally sold in a cotton-type staple fiber package form. The SAF staple fibers can be used in the form of a highly absorbent nonwoven fabric made by opening a fiber web and carding into a fiber web and then reinforcing the fiber web into a pure or blended fiber component or in the form of a highly absorbent paper by hot pressing (patent document 1), and are mainly used in the field of sanitary products such as wet tissues of disposable diapers. However, because the SAF has poor mechanical properties, especially the strength, elongation and modulus after water swelling are greatly reduced, the prepared non-woven fabric is easy to brittle fracture and fall off under the action of small external force, and the high water absorption non-woven fabric is usually used as non-stressed sandwich cloth. Occasionally, the resin is reported to be used for improving soil and planting trees in deserts or desertification areas, but the application mode of the resin is also the mixed mode of directly paving and burying high water-absorbent resin particles and sandy soil on a plane with a certain depth under the ground in a large area. The method has overlarge engineering amount and usage amount and higher cost, and cannot embody the advantages of the fiber form super absorbent resin.
Reference list
Patent document 1: JP patent No. 4195394
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Problem to be solved by utility model
In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a but biaxial warp knitting tissue fabric with high water absorption water retention and natural degradation.
Means for solving the problems
The utility model discloses contain following technical scheme:
[1] a biaxial warp-knitted fabric is characterized by comprising a water absorption layer, a water conveying layer and a connecting layer, wherein the water absorption layer comprises high water absorption fiber blended yarns, the water conveying layer comprises yarns spun by natural fibers or viscose fibers, the connecting layer comprises natural degradable synthetic fiber filaments, and the high water absorption fiber blended yarns are mainly blended into yarns by the high water absorption fibers and the viscose staple fibers.
[2] The biaxial warp-knitted fabric according to [1], characterized in that the superabsorbent fibers in the superabsorbent fiber blended yarn account for 25 to 85% of the total mass of the blended fibers.
[3] The biaxial warp-knitted fabric according to the item [2], wherein the high water-absorbing fiber blended yarn further comprises polyester staple fibers accounting for 0-10% of the total mass of the blended fibers, and the balance is viscose staple fibers.
[4] The biaxial warp-knitted fabric according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the yarn number of the super absorbent fiber blended yarn is in the range of 7 to 16S.
[5] The biaxial warp-knitted fabric according to any one of [1] to [3], characterized in that the water-transporting layer comprises filaments spun from viscose filaments.
[6] The biaxial warp-knitted fabric according to item [5], wherein the viscose filament yarn has a thickness of 75D to 300D, and more preferably the number F of filaments in the viscose filament yarn is 15 to 100.
[7] The biaxial warp-knitted fabric according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the naturally degradable synthetic fiber filaments are polylactic acid low-stretch filaments.
[8] The biaxial warp-knitted fabric according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the superabsorbent fiber blended yarn accounts for 40 to 65% of the total mass of the biaxial warp-knitted fabric.
[9]According to [1]～[3]Any one of the biaxial warp-knitted fabrics, characterized in that the square gram weight of the biaxial warp-knitted fabric is 150-180g/m2Further, the thickness of the biaxial warp-knitted fabric is 0.5 to 1.0 mm.
Effect of the utility model
The utility model provides a but environmental protection natural degradation, high water absorption keep water, can carry the double-deck functional fabrics of the nutrient composition of moisture and storage again: the front side has good water absorption and rapid water transmission and air permeability effects, the back side has very strong rapid water absorption and expansion into gel and has very strong water locking and water retention capacity, and the two layers are connected together through connecting yarns. The biaxial warp-knitted tissue fabric is particularly suitable for being used as an effective tree planting material for planting trees in water-deficient areas such as deserts or desertification areas to improve the survival rate and reduce the survival cost of planting, and can also be used in the fields of agriculture and forestry such as plant breeding and seedling culture or soilless culture.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the layered structure of a biaxial warp knit fabric according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
10 a biaxial warp knit fabric; 11 water conveying layer; 12 a water-absorbing layer; 13 connecting the layers.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to these. The present invention is not limited to the configurations described below, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention, and embodiments and examples obtained by appropriately combining the respective technical means disclosed in the different embodiments and examples are also included in the technical scope of the invention. All documents described in this specification are incorporated herein by reference.
Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
The use of the terms "a" and "an" and "the" and similar referents in the context of describing the invention (especially in the context of the following claims) are to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context.
In the present specification, a numerical range represented by "a value to B value" or "a value to B value" means a range including the end point value A, B.
In the present specification, the meaning of "may" includes both the meaning of performing a certain process and the meaning of not performing a certain process. In this specification, "optional" or "optionally" means that the subsequently described event or circumstance may or may not occur, and that the description includes instances where the event occurs and instances where it does not.
Reference throughout this specification to "some particular/preferred embodiments," "other particular/preferred embodiments," "some particular/preferred aspects," "other particular/preferred aspects," or the like, means that a particular element (e.g., feature, structure, property, and/or characteristic) described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment described herein, and may or may not be present in other embodiments. In addition, it is to be understood that the described elements may be combined in any suitable manner in the various embodiments.
The terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this invention and the above-described drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, or system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
In the present invention, the short fiber or staple refers to a fiber having a length of several millimeters to several tens of millimeters, such as natural fibers of cotton, wool, hemp, and the like. The filament is also called continuous filament, and is a filament with very long continuous length, and the length of the filament reaches thousands of meters or tens of thousands of meters, such as continuous filament bundle sprayed during silk and chemical fiber manufacturing.
In the present invention, "mainly consisting of or" mainly including "means that fifty percent or more of the composition is composed of the following substances, and does not exclude a small amount of other components.
< biaxial warp knit Fabric >
The utility model provides a biaxial warp knitting tissue fabric is different with non-woven fabrics or non-woven fabrics, and it has relatively high intensity.
A layered structure of a biaxial warp-knitted fabric according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1. The biaxial warp knit fabric 10 includes a three-layer structure: water-absorbing layer 11, water-transporting layer 12 and connecting layer 13.
Water-absorbing layer
The water-absorbing layer 11 is made of a material having good water-absorbing and water-retaining properties. This layer is the bottom layer of the fabric, also referred to as the reverse side of the fabric. In the present invention, the water-absorbing layer 11 includes a blended yarn of high water-absorbing fibers. The high water absorption fiber blended yarn is obtained by blending high water absorption fiber SAF with other kinds of fibers in a certain proportion.
The high water absorption fiber SAF is used as a main substance for high water absorption and water retention, in other words, the water absorption layer 11 is made of a material including a high water absorption fiber blended yarn. In some embodiments of the present invention, the super absorbent fiber SAF mainly made of polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin is selected, the commercially available SAF is usually in the specification of 7D × 51mm short fiber, and the water absorption rate can be 30-40 times, 130 times, 140 times, 400 times, etc. Generally, the higher the water absorption capacity, the more pronounced the gel state after water absorption, the faster the fiber morphology disappears (which can also be understood as the lower the wet strength), and the lower the spinnability. Considering the water absorption and spinnability of the blended yarn comprehensively, in some embodiments of the present invention, SAF with a water absorption rate of 130-. In other embodiments of the utility model, the SAF with the water absorption rate of 30-40 can be selected for blending to prepare the water absorption layer, the spinning is easier, the finishing after weaving is easier, but the water absorption rate is lower, and the double-axial warp-knitted tissue fabric is suitable for soilless culture.
The volume expansion of high water absorption resin can be promoted after considering environmental protection requirement and as high as possible water absorption water delivery ability, absorbing water comprehensively the utility model discloses well high water absorption fiber mixed yarn mainly becomes the yarn by high water absorption fiber and cellulose class fibre blending, and the cellulose fibre is like cotton fiber, fibrilia, viscose fiber. In view of availability, cost and water absorption of materials, preferably, the cellulose fiber is selected from viscose short fiber, the water absorption rate of the viscose short fiber can reach 13-14%, the viscose short fiber has a natural cellulose molecular structure, can absorb and retain water in soil and can be biodegraded, substances decomposed into sugar small molecules and the like can be absorbed by plant roots to play a role of fertilizer, in addition, the viscose has a quick moisture absorption function, and the viscose can keep a dry state in case of meeting trace water drops in the SAF blending process, so that yarn formation is relatively easy. In one embodiment of the present invention, the cellulosic fibers are selected from cotton viscose staple fibers. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the blended yarn of high water absorption fiber is blended by high water absorption fiber and cellulose fiber, a small amount of polyester fiber, and then is combined with degradable fiber filament in a grid-connected manner. The small amount of polyester fiber can improve the spinnability and wet strength of the high water absorption fiber. The fibers are high in parallel arrangement degree in the yarns, the breadth shrinkage is better after heat treatment, the weft yarns are more and denser after being bent in space, the DTY filaments are higher in strength after being compounded, and weaving is convenient.
If the SAF content is increased in the blended yarn, the yarn water absorption is improved but the spinnability is reduced, so in other embodiments of the present invention, the SAF content in the super absorbent fiber blended yarn is 25 to 85% by mass, more preferably 30 to 75% by mass, and the balance is cellulose fiber. In other embodiments of the present invention, the percentage by mass of the SAF in the super absorbent fiber blended yarn is 25 to 80%, the percentage by mass of the polyester fiber is 0 to 10%, and the rest is the cellulose fiber. In addition, the thickness of yarn is related to spinnable ability, if the yarn is thicker, can improve the SAF content more, and its water absorption water retention is about good, from the price/performance ratio angle some embodiments of the utility model discloses an among the specific implementation mode, the yarn count that the high water absorption fibre mixes the yarn is 7 ~ 16S. S is the unit of english count, which is a multiple of 840 yards of yarn length per unit weight (1 pound) at a official moisture regain.
For roving, both open-end spinning and ring spinning methods can be used to spin such high water absorbent fiber blends, and in one embodiment of the invention open-end spinning is used for economy and spinnability.
Water delivery layer
The water transfer layer 12 is the front side of the biaxial warp-knitted fabric of the present invention. The water absorbed by the high water absorption fiber mixed yarn of the water absorption layer is difficult to release and transmit even under the action of pressure, temperature and other conditions, and in order to be applied in agriculture and forestry, the water transmission layer 12 is required to be arranged to gradually transmit the water in the water absorption layer 11 to a required microenvironment. The utility model discloses in water delivery layer 12 includes the silk that natural fibre spun into like waste cotton wool silk ramie yarn or viscose fibre, and the preparation raw materials of water delivery layer 12 includes the silk that natural fibre spun into like waste cotton, wool, silk, ramie yarn or viscose fibre promptly. Considering the convenience of weaving, availability of raw materials and economy, spinnability and effects of subsequent shrinkage and expansion treatment, viscose fibers are preferred, and viscose filament FDY (full Drawn yarn) is more preferred, and the good hydrophilicity and capillary effect enable the viscose filament FDY to have rapid water absorption and water transport properties. Viscose filament FDY layer can let the fibre fluffy and crooked scatter and occupy bigger space when the aftertreatment, makes things convenient for SAF water absorption expansion to keep up more moisture, and the capillary effect forms more easily between the viscose filament yarn fibre of the unidirectional parallel arrangement of whole, and it is more swift convenient to carry moisture, and the single viscose silk that scatters is easier at follow-up shrink bulking treatment. The utility model discloses an among some embodiments, viscose filament yarn FDY layer can let moisture permeate fast and let the layer that absorbs water that contains the SAF evenly absorb saturated moisture fast around whole fabric when watering, then can evenly carry moisture again slowly and release the environment around the root hair cell. Meanwhile, if the water in the water absorption layer containing the SAF is gradually output and used, the viscose filament FDY layer which vertically extends downwards can absorb the high-humidity water in the deep underground to be conveyed to the water absorption layer, and then the water is conveyed to the periphery of the roots continuously. This combined structure improves the moisture utilization rate. In other embodiments of the present invention, the viscose filament yarn thickness of the water-transporting layer 12 is 75D to 300D, and the number of single filaments F in the filament bundle is 15 to 100. The viscose filament yarn with the specification has a good capillary effect, so that the viscose filament yarn has strong water delivery capacity and low processing cost.
Connecting layer
The connecting layer 13 is used for connecting the water absorbing layer 11 and the water conveying layer 12. The connection layer 13 includes a natural degradable synthetic fiber filament such as a polylactic acid low stretch filament or a polypropylene fiber low stretch filament, i.e., the raw material for making the connection layer 13 includes a biodegradable synthetic fiber filament. The utility model discloses an among some concrete implementation manners, the component material of articulamentum 13 is polylactic acid low elasticity PLA DTY filament, it has better biodegradability and obdurability relatively, be fit for weaving at a high speed, the yarn of DTY form has good pyrocondensation performance and fluffiness, can fine drive the yarn passive bending shrinkage that is located its positive and negative both sides functional layer (absorb water layer 11 and water delivery layer 12 promptly), make the fabric shrink bodiness, thereby improve the thickness and the total amount of moisturizing of the part that is used for absorbing water of fabric 10. In addition, the polylactic acid low-elasticity filament has better performances of ventilation, oxygen permeation and carbon dioxide permeation, and can inhibit bacteria and resist mildew. Compared with PLA FDY form yarn, PLA DTY has slightly lower strength, but good elasticity, better continuous linear performance of woven fabric, looser intermolecular arrangement and higher degradation speed.
The polylactic acid low stretch yarn can be prepared by fermenting corn to generate lactic acid, and then the lactic acid is further polymerized into polylactic acid to be spun into the stretch twisted yarn. The polylactic acid component will decompose to carbon dioxide and water quickly (typically for a period of months to a half year) in hot, humid and microbial sand environments.
Considering that the tie layer 13 is a tie yarn for both functional layers, it is preferable that the polylactic acid low-stretch yarn of the tie layer 13 has a filament thickness of 50D to 150D and an F-number of 12 to 96 for convenience of weaving, formation of a contractive force during a wet heat treatment, and the like.
Tissue structure
In some embodiments of the present invention, the selection of biaxial warp-knit structures is specifically warp-inserted and weft-inserted biaxial warp-knit structures for the convenience and high efficiency of weaving: the high water absorption fiber blended weft yarn which is transversely arranged in parallel forms a water absorption layer 11, viscose filament yarns which are longitudinally arranged in parallel are vertically arranged on the water absorption layer as warp lining yarns for water absorption and water transportation, and PLA DTY filament yarns are used as binding yarns to bind the warp lining yarns on the weft yarns partially in a warp flat structure. Due to the structure design, the functions of the water absorbing layer 11 and the water conveying layer 12 are not interfered and can work cooperatively; the polylactic acid low stretch yarn of the connecting layer 13 inserted between the two functional layers can not only ensure that the two functional layers are not loose, but also increase the space thickness of the biaxial warp-knitted fabric 10, which is beneficial to strengthening the water absorption and water delivery functions of the two functional layers.
The utility model discloses the preparation method of aforementioned biaxial warp knitting tissue fabric is including weaving grey cloth, steam preshrinking bulking treatment, dry design processing, wherein it includes with to weave grey cloth the high absorbent fiber mixed yarn is as the weft insertion yarn, natural fiber or viscose are as the warp insertion yarn, but natural degradation synthetic fiber filament connects as binding the yarn. Further, the connection adopts a warp-flat tissue.
In some embodiments of the invention, the woven blank may be of the 24-pin warp-knit weft-insert type. Such as HKS or RS three bar full width weft insertion warp knitting machines from karl meier, germany. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the filling power after the lining warp yarn finishing, the three comb-rib weave pattern plates are respectively: GB1: 000/000/111/000; GB2: 111/000/000/000; GB3: 211/011.
Consider the utility model discloses a biaxial warp knitting tissue fabric mainly is used as the high absorbent fabric, to obtain as high water absorption and water retention effect as far as possible, needs each layer of this kind of double-layer fabric fluffy as far as possible, increases the space of absorbing water and the volume of moisturizing. The low warp and weft density can ensure that each layer of the biaxial warp-knitted fabric is fluffy, thereby being beneficial to improving the weaving efficiency and reducing the cost; however, if the warp and weft density is too low, the distance between the warp and weft inserted yarns is too large, so that the gels of the weft yarn layer, such as SAF after water absorption and expansion, can not be connected into a whole, or the fibers of the warp inserted viscose filament yarn layer can not be paved continuously, and when several layers of textiles are laminated, the warp inserted viscose filament yarn can be completely and independently wrapped by the SAF gel layers between the upper and lower layers, so that the moisture conveying effect of the viscose filament yarn layer can be influenced. Generally, the finer the warp and weft yarns are, the higher the warp and weft density is, so as to be matched with each other to form a continuous functional layer, but the too dense weft yarns cause width shrinkage difficulty (SAF and viscose filament yarn basically do not shrink in a dry state, soften in high-temperature humid steam, have little shrinkage, and are driven to shrink by PLA DTY of a warp flat structure, so that the shape is bent and raised). Preferably, the weft density on the grey fabric is selected to be 6 to 20 threads/cm and the warp density on the grey fabric is selected to be 3.53 to 11.2 threads/cm (corresponding to the full penetration warp density of a machine type of 9 to 28 threads/inch) according to the yarn thickness. In some embodiments of the present invention, the weft density on the machine is selected from 8 to 10/cm, preferably 9.5/cm, and the shrinkage and expansion space after finishing of the weft layer is reserved, and meanwhile, the incomplete thickness of the gel layer after water absorption and expansion into the gel layer can not be caused.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the superabsorbent fiber blend accounts for 40 to 65% of the total mass of the biaxial warp knit fabric. Further, the high-water-absorption fiber blended yarn layer accounts for 50-55%, the viscose filament layer accounts for 20-25%, the PLA DTY layer accounts for 20-30%, and the optimal weight is 22-28% of the total weight of the grey fabric. The weaving process is as far as possible free from water, the SAF weft yarn is prevented from absorbing water and expanding into gel paste, and the SAF weft yarn is also prevented from being stored for too long in a humid environment and preventing moisture absorption and mildewing.
Preferably, after the gray fabric is knitted, the gray fabric is finished to change the parameters such as arrangement mode among yarns or fibers, density and thickness and the like, so that a better using effect is achieved. In some embodiments of the present invention, the finishing process comprises: steam preshrinking and puffing treatment and drying and shaping treatment.
The gray fabric is subjected to relaxation heat treatment by using steam with the temperature of more than 100 ℃, in the process, the moisture content of the fabric is improved, the warp and weft inserted yarns of the inserted warp are softened and expand moderately, the PLA DTY yarns serving as binding yarns are contracted and expanded rapidly, and the fibers are bent and dispersed, so that the yarns of the inserted warp layer and the inserted weft layer are driven to be further bent, contracted and raised outwards (not arranged on a theoretical plane), the longitudinal and latitudinal lengths of the gray fabric are shortened, the thickness of the gray fabric is increased and becomes fluffy, the theoretical gaps of the warp and weft yarns are reduced, the water absorption and retention capacity of the high-water-absorption fiber blended weft yarn layer is enhanced, and the water delivery capacity of the warp inserted viscose filament yarn layer is ensured. In some embodiments of the present invention, after the warp speed of 10m/min is subjected to the tension-free relaxation pre-shrinking treatment at 110 ℃, the width of the fabric is changed from about 202cm to about 170cm, the weft density is changed from 8 to 10/cm to 11-13/cm, the fabric surface is thickened, the warp-lining and weft-lining layers are respectively protruded to the front and back sides, and the yarn is obviously bent under the microscopic form.
The shrinkage-expanded gray fabric is subjected to loose dry setting heat treatment (also called dry setting or loose setting) of a setting machine, so that the steam shrinkage finishing effect can be further enhanced. The shape is stabilized through the dry shaping treatment of the shaping machine, and the drying and mildew prevention are convenient for long-term storage for later use. The heat treatment temperature of the setting machine is 110-120 ℃, and the high temperature can influence the moisture absorption speed of the SAF and the strength of the PLA DTY binding yarn. The longitudinal direction and the transverse direction are both loosely fixed as much as possible without stretching so as to avoid influencing the yarn bending degree of the warp inserting and weft inserting layer and influencing the size of the water absorption and retention space (relative to the water storage capacity) in the subsequent use. In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the speed of the setting machine is 30-45m/min, and after the warp and weft directions are all loose at 120 ℃ for setting, the width can be further contracted and stabilized, the weft density is 11-13 pieces/cm, and the square gram weight is increased to 150-180g/m2The thickness is increased to 0.7-0.9 mm.
Further, after finishing the finishing process, the finished product can be used as a commodity after being cut, inspected, packaged and put in storage.
The utility model discloses a use in the aspect of biaxial warp knitting tissue fabric is used for water-deficient area such as desert afforestation, nursery planting or crops soilless culture. Use the utility model discloses a but biaxial warp knitting tissue fabric with high water absorption water delivery performance and natural degradation can make the plant survival rate in water deficient area increase substantially, effectively alleviate later stage cost of labor and reduce the frequency of watering and the total amount of watering.
Examples
The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are only for illustrating and explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Raw materials used in examples and sources and specifications thereof
SAF (high water absorption fiber) is purchased from Nantong Jiangshi company, 7 Dx 51mm, and has the water absorption rate of 130-
Cotton viscose staple fibers available from Jilin chemical fibers 1.5 Dx38 mm
Terylene staple fiber is purchased from 1.5 Dx38 mm of characterization chemical fiber
The viscose filament yarn is purchased from FDY 120D/30F of Jilin chemical fiber company, and has moisture absorption of more than 11%
The polylactic acid fiber filament is purchased from DTY 50D/32F of Fushan-sourced Chengshui ecological spinning technology Limited
Example 1
1) And blending according to the mass ratio of the high water absorption fiber SAF to the cotton viscose staple fiber of 35:65 to obtain 10S rotor spun yarn.
2) Weaving grey cloth: HKS or RS three-bar full width weft insertion warp knitting machine of Kaermier company in Germany is selected to weave the warp and weft insertion warp knitting dual-function fabric. And selecting a 24-needle machine type (24 needles per inch with high warp density) to fully weave the fabric with three comb joints. In order to improve the filling power of the lining warp yarn after finishing, three comb-section weave flower discs are respectively as follows: GB1: 000/000/111/000; GB2: 111/000/000/000; GB3:211/011
The two lining warp yarns are viscose filament FDY 120D/30F of Jilin chemical fiber company, have very good moisture absorption performance, the binding yarn is PLA DTY polylactic acid fiber filament which is environment-friendly and can be naturally degraded, the binding yarn has enough strength to weave the lining warp and the lining weft two-layer functional layer yarn, and the high-elasticity DTY form of the weight net is selected for the purpose of subsequent heat treatment of DTY yarn shrinkage, so that the lining warp and the lining weft layer yarn are driven to bend, shrink and expand in space, and the water storage space is enlarged. The DTY 50D/32F interlaced yarn is selected to facilitate warping and weaving, the size is thin, the elasticity is large, the strength is sufficient, and the contractive force under the post-processing condition is sufficient to drive the yarns of the two functional layers to contract to increase the space where the yarns are located. The PLA DTY filament with multiple F numbers is woven to penetrate through the two functional layers, the capillary effect of the PLA DTY filament can drive water to be exchanged and conveyed between the two functional layers, and the PLA DTY filament with multiple F numbers is thin in yarn and high in needle density, so that the two continuous functional layers are not separated, and the performance of the PLA DTY filament is not reduced. The weft yarn water absorption layer is spun by 10S air current of short fiber SAF and cotton viscose short fiber 35:65, the fiber is arranged in the yarn in parallel, the spinning is easy to succeed, and the 10S yarn is typical jean-style roving and has enough strength to weave.
And 9.5 weft threads/cm are selected on the machine. The width of the upper machine is 168 inches, and the width of the upper machine is 205 cm.
According to theoretical calculation and actual measurement, the square gram weight of the cloth blank machine is 107 +/-2 g/m2Left and right. The thickness is about 0.5 mm. The lower machine width is 202 cm. 53 percent of high water absorption fiber blended weft yarn layer in the components of the grey cloth (wherein the SAF of pure high water absorption fiber accounts for 20 g/m)2Approximately 18.7% of the total mass), 23% of the water transport layer, i.e. viscose filament layer, and 24% of PLA DTY polylactic acid fiber binder yarn.
3) Steam preshrinking puffing treatment
When the warp is treated by a steamer at the speed of 10m/min and no-tension relaxation pre-shrinking treatment at the temperature of 110 ℃, the width of a door is changed from 202cm to 170cm, the density of weft is changed to 11-11.5 pieces/cm, the cloth cover is thickened, the warp and weft insertion layers protrude towards the front and the back respectively, and the yarn is obviously bent under the microscopic form.
4) Drying and shaping treatment
The heat treatment temperature of the setting machine is 110-120 ℃, and the high temperature can influence the moisture absorption speed of the SAF fiber and the strength of the PLA binding yarn. The speed of the setting machine is 30-45m/min, and the door width can be further contracted after the warp and weft loose setting at the temperature of 110-The density of weft is 11.5 pieces/cm, and the square gram weight is increased to 160g/m and 165-2(wherein the SAF of the pure super absorbent fiber is about 28-30g/m218.7% of the total mass) and the thickness is increased to 0.7-0.72 mm.
And cutting and checking to obtain a sample S1.
Example 2
1) And blending according to the mass ratio of the high water absorption fiber SAF to the cotton viscose staple fiber of 55:45 to obtain 10S rotor spun yarn.
2) Weaving grey cloth: HKS or RS three-bar full width weft insertion warp knitting machine of Kaermier company in Germany is selected to weave the warp and weft insertion warp knitting dual-function fabric. And selecting a 24-needle machine type (24 needles per inch with high warp density) to fully weave the fabric with three comb joints. In order to improve the filling power of the lining warp yarn after finishing, three comb-section weave flower discs are respectively as follows: GB1: 000/000/111/000; GB2: 111/000/000/000; GB3:211/011
The two lining warp yarns are viscose filament FDY 120D/30F of Jilin chemical fiber company, have very good moisture absorption performance, the binding yarn is PLA DTY polylactic acid fiber filament which is environment-friendly and can be naturally degraded, the binding yarn has enough strength to weave the lining warp and the lining weft two-layer functional layer yarn, and the high-elasticity DTY form of the weight net is selected for the purpose of subsequent heat treatment of DTY yarn shrinkage, so that the lining warp and the lining weft layer yarn are driven to bend, shrink and expand in space, and the water storage space is enlarged. The DTY 50D/32F interlaced yarn is selected to facilitate warping and weaving, the size is thin, the elasticity is large, the strength is sufficient, and the contractive force under the post-processing condition is sufficient to drive the yarns of the two functional layers to contract to increase the space where the yarns are located. The PLA DTY filament with multiple F numbers is woven to penetrate through the two functional layers, the capillary effect of the PLA DTY filament can drive water to be exchanged and conveyed between the two functional layers, and the PLA DTY filament with multiple F numbers is thin in yarn and high in needle density, so that the two continuous functional layers are not separated, and the performance of the PLA DTY filament is not reduced. The weft yarn water absorption layer is spun by 10S air current of SAF (SAF) in a short fiber form and 55:45 cotton viscose short fibers, the fibers are arranged in parallel in the yarn, the spinning is easy to succeed, and the 10S yarn is typical denim-style roving and is woven with enough strength.
And 9.5 weft threads/cm are selected on the machine. The width of the upper machine is 168 inches, and the width of the upper machine is 205 cm.
According to theoryThe square gram weight of the cloth blank machine is 107 +/-2 g/m through calculation and actual measurement2Left and right. The thickness is about 0.5 mm. The lower machine width is 202 cm. The content of the high water absorption fiber blended weft layer in the components of the grey fabric is about 53 percent (wherein the SAF of the pure high water absorption fiber accounts for 31 g/m)2Approximately 29% of the total mass), the water transport layer, i.e. the viscose filament layer, accounts for approximately 23%, and the PLA DTY polylactic acid fiber binding yarns account for approximately 24%.
3) Steam preshrinking puffing treatment
When the warp is subjected to tension-free relaxation pre-shrinking treatment at 110 ℃ by a steamer at the speed of 10m/min, the width of a door is changed from 202cm to 168cm, the density of weft is changed to 11-11.5 pieces/cm, the cloth surface is thickened, the warp and weft insertion layers protrude towards the front and back sides respectively, and the yarns are bent obviously in a microscopic form.
4) Drying and shaping treatment
The heat treatment temperature of the setting machine is 110-120 ℃, and the high temperature can influence the moisture absorption speed of the SAF fiber and the strength of the PLA binding yarn. The speed of the setting machine is 30-45m/min, after the warp and weft of the setting machine are both loosely set at the temperature of 110-2About (wherein the SAF of the pure super absorbent fiber accounts for about 46-47g/m228.7% of the total mass) and the thickness is increased to 0.72-0.74 mm.
And cutting and checking to obtain a sample S2.
Example 3
1) According to the SAF: cotton type viscose staple fiber: and (3) blending the polyester staple fibers in a mass ratio of 80:17:3 to obtain 10S air flow blended yarn, wherein a small amount of the polyester staple fibers are added to improve the spinnability and wet strength of the SAF. And (3) combining and combining the blended yarn and PLA DTY 50D/32F high-elasticity net-free yarn to form the composite high-water-absorption blended yarn.
2) Weaving grey cloth: HKS or RS three-bar full width weft insertion warp knitting machine of Kaermier company in Germany is selected to weave the warp and weft insertion warp knitting dual-function fabric. And selecting a 24-needle machine type (24 needles per inch with high warp density) to fully weave the fabric with three comb joints. In order to improve the filling power of the lining warp yarn after finishing, three comb-section weave flower discs are respectively as follows: GB1: 000/000/111/000; GB2: 111/000/000/000; GB3:211/011
The two lining warp yarns are viscose filament FDY 120D/30F of Jilin chemical fiber company, have very good moisture absorption performance, the binding yarn is PLA DTY polylactic acid fiber filament which is environment-friendly and can be naturally degraded, the binding yarn has enough strength to weave the lining warp and the lining weft two-layer functional layer yarn, and the high-elasticity DTY form of the weight net is selected for the purpose of subsequent heat treatment of DTY yarn shrinkage, so that the lining warp and the lining weft layer yarn are driven to bend, shrink and expand in space, and the water storage space is enlarged. The DTY 50D/32F interlaced yarn is selected to facilitate warping and weaving, the size is thin, the elasticity is large, the strength is sufficient, and the contractive force under the post-processing condition is sufficient to drive the yarns of the two functional layers to contract to increase the space where the yarns are located. The PLA DTY filament with multiple F numbers is woven to penetrate through the two functional layers, the capillary effect of the PLA DTY filament can drive water to be exchanged and conveyed between the two functional layers, and the PLA DTY filament with multiple F numbers is thin in yarn and high in needle density, so that the two continuous functional layers are not separated, and the performance of the PLA DTY filament is not reduced. The weft yarn water-absorbing layer adopts the SAF of the short fiber form in the embodiment 1), the cotton viscose short fiber, the 10S air-jet spinning of the polyester short fiber 80:17:3 and the 50D polylactic acid composite yarn, the fibers of the composite yarn are arranged in parallel in the yarn, the breadth shrinkage is better after heat treatment, the weft yarn is more and more densely bent in space, the DTY filament is higher in strength after compounding, and weaving is facilitated.
And 9.5 weft threads/cm are selected on the machine. The width of the upper machine is 168 inches, and the width of the upper machine is 205 cm.
According to theoretical calculation and actual measurement, the square gram weight of the cloth blank machine is 114 +/-2 g/m2Left and right. The thickness is about 0.52 mm. The lower machine width is 202 cm. The high water absorption fiber blended weft layer in the grey fabric component accounts for about 56 percent (wherein the SAF of pure high water absorption fiber accounts for 45 g/m)2About 39.5% of the total mass), about 22% of the water transport layer, i.e. the viscose filament layer, and about 26% of the PLA DTY polylactic acid fiber binding yarns.
3) Steam preshrinking puffing treatment
When the yarn is subjected to tension-free relaxation pre-shrinking treatment at the speed of 10m/min by a steamer at 110 ℃, the breadth is changed from 202cm to 163-165cm, the weft density is changed to 11-11.5 pieces/cm, the cloth surface is thickened, the warp-inserted and weft-inserted layers respectively fully protrude towards the front side and the back side, and the yarn is bent more obviously in a microscopic form.
4) Drying and shaping treatment
The heat treatment temperature of the setting machine is 110-120 ℃, and the high temperature can influence the moisture absorption speed of the SAF fiber and the strength of the PLA binding yarn. The speed of the setting machine is 30-45m/min, after the warp and weft of the setting machine are both loosely set at the temperature of 110-2About (wherein the SAF of the pure super absorbent fiber accounts for about 62-64g/m239.5% of the total mass) and the thickness is increased to 0.82-0.85 mm.
And cutting and checking to obtain a sample S3.
The basic parameters of the biaxial warp knit fabric samples obtained in the three examples are shown in table 1:
table 1 examples sample basic parameters
Performance testing
Sandbox landfill simulation test
The samples S1, S2, S3 of the above three examples were tested for the same number of layers for their water absorption and retention capacity at the same depth of sand layer.
The test method comprises the following steps: the sandbox is 80 cm in length, 80 cm in width and 20cm in height, samples of each embodiment are cut into standard filter paper with the diameter of 12.5cm, the samples are clamped between two layers of standard filter paper and are prevented from falling apart by staples on the diameter symmetry, and when multiple layers of samples are laminated, the warp padding water conveying layer faces the filter paper, so that the warp padding high-water-absorption fiber blended yarns are prevented from becoming gel layers which are completely adhered to the filter paper and cannot be separated after absorbing water.
The sample is buried 8cm below the sand surface, 1kg of water is slowly added to the sand surface aligned with the center of the sample once, the sample is taken out after ten days, sand on the front surface and the back surface of the filter paper is lightly brushed by a soft brush, and the weighing results are shown in the table 2:
TABLE 2 weighing results ten days after addition of water
As can be seen from Table 2, the samples obtained in the three examples of the present invention, although the square gram weights are close to each other, have significantly different water absorption and retention properties due to different SAF contents. The higher the SAF content, the thicker and bulkier the fabric, and the stronger the water absorption and retention. In general, the fabrics of the three examples have good water absorption and retention performance in sandy soil, and the multilayer fabric lamination has better water absorption and retention performance. The utility model discloses each sample all still has good water retention ability after ten days of sample water addition, probably becomes gel state pinning moisture because the high absorbent fiber in water absorption layer absorbs water after, even the surrounding environment is drying gradually, moisture loss is also very slow in the gel, and the effect of moisturizing is obvious.
Second, testing water delivery capacity
The highly water-absorbent fiber blended yarn was immersed in water together with other yarn materials, and the water climbing height was measured at various times, as shown in Table 3 (note: total fineness of the cross section of the yarn skein was 30000D, and immersion depth was 10 cm).
As can be seen from Table 3, the SAF/viscose 25/75 has a lower water climbing capacity and substantially no change than the blended yarn, indicating that it has insufficient water transport capacity, and the 120D viscose filament has the highest water climbing capacity, indicating that it has the strongest water transport capacity, probably because it is hydrophilic and is prone to capillary effect.
TABLE 3 yarn Absolute climb height comparison
Spinnability test of three-layer high water absorption fiber blended yarn
The test method comprises the following steps: and immersing the yarn skein with the total fineness of 33600D into water for 5 minutes, then lifting the skein until no obvious water drops exist basically, and weighing the skein. The spinning property of the blended yarns of four SAF/cotton viscose staple fibers with different specifications, namely 21S, 16S, 10S and 7S, is characterized by recording the broken end times of spinning a 800g heavy yarn bobbin by using air spinning trial spinning, wherein the proportion of the SAF/cotton viscose staple fibers is shown in a table 4.
TABLE 4 spinnability test results
Remarking: the mass of the skein ranges between 3.72 and 3.74 grams.
As can be seen from table 4, the higher the SAF fiber content, the more difficult it is to spin, and the finer the yarn gauge, the more difficult it is to spin. The yarn count specification of finer more than 16S or with SAF fiber content of more than 80% is relatively difficult to spin, mainly because of the low strength of SAF fibers, especially the ultra low wet strength, the too coarse fibers, the difficulty of carding into webs and the poor quality of wool tops.
Claims (6)
1. A biaxial warp-knitted fabric is characterized by comprising a water absorption layer, a water conveying layer and a connecting layer, wherein the water absorption layer comprises high water absorption fiber blended yarns, the water conveying layer comprises yarns spun by natural fibers or viscose fibers, the connecting layer comprises natural degradable synthetic fiber filaments, and the high water absorption fiber blended yarns are mainly blended into yarns by the high water absorption fibers and the viscose staple fibers.
2. The biaxial warp knit fabric of claim 1, wherein said superabsorbent fiber blend has a yarn count in the range of 7 to 16S.
3. The biaxial warp knit fabric of claim 1, wherein the water transfer layer comprises viscose filament spun filaments.
4. The biaxial warp-knitted fabric according to claim 3, wherein the viscose filament yarn has a thickness of 75D to 300D and the number of filaments F in the viscose filament yarn is 15 to 100.
5. The biaxial warp knit fabric according to claim 1, wherein the naturally degradable synthetic fiber filaments are polylactic acid low stretch filaments.
6. According to the claimsThe biaxial warp-knitted fabric of claim 1, wherein the biaxial warp-knitted fabric has a square-gram weight of 150-2。
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| EP4212657A1 (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2023-07-19 | Calik Denim Tekstil San. Ve Tic. A.S. | Textile substrate with enhanced biodegradability |
| WO2023135258A1 (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2023-07-20 | Calik Denim Tekstil San. Ve Tic. A.S. | Textile composite with enhanced biodegradability |
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