CN212556743U - Rudder system capable of rotating around double shafts and ship - Google Patents

Abstract

A steering system capable of rotating around double shafts and a ship relate to the technical field of ships and steering systems thereof. The rudder system capable of rotating around the double shafts comprises a rudder shaft arranged vertically and rudder blades fixed at the lower end of the rudder shaft, and the first steering engine controls the rudder shaft to rotate around the axis of the first steering engine. The rudder shaft comprises an upper section shaft and a lower section shaft, the upper section shaft is hinged with the lower section shaft through a rotating shaft, the lower section shaft rotates around the axis of the rotating shaft, and the axis of the rotating shaft is vertical to the axis of the rudder shaft. The ship has the rudder system capable of rotating around the two shafts. Has the advantage of reducing energy consumption.

Description

Rudder system capable of rotating around double shafts and ship

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a boats and ships that adopt this rudder system to establish of rudder system of boats and ships and modified structure, specifically speaking relates to one kind can be around biax pivoted rudder and ship.

Background

The rudder system comprises a steering engine, a transmission device and a rudder, the traditional plate vane rudder is controlled by the steering engine through the transmission device to drive a vertically arranged rudder shaft to rotate left and right around the axis of the rudder shaft, and the plate vane rudder is fixed at the lower part of the rudder shaft.

Referring to fig. 2, when the blade 5 rotates to generate thrust, a circle formed by the radius R of the blade tip of the blade 5 is called a tip circle 51, the flow velocity of fluid flowing through the cross section of the tip circle 51 relative to the ship body is high, and most of the plate blade rudder 2 is located in a fluid thrust pipe drawn out along the axial line of the tip circle 51, which on one hand has high rudder efficiency and on the other hand causes high rudder resistance. Under the condition of no rudder angle, the projected area of the plate blade rudder 2 in a blade tip circle 51 accounts for about 10-25% of the area of the blade tip circle, most ships account for about 15%, and the resistance generated by the plate blade rudder is equal to the thrust of a propeller with the power of 15% multiplied by 70% being 10.5%, wherein the projected area of the plate blade rudder in the blade tip circle 51 accounts for the percentage of the area of the blade tip circle when the 15% is the rudder angle of 0 degree, and the 70% is a coefficient for reducing the resistance by considering that the plate blade rudder is arranged at a certain distance away from the rear end surface of the propeller, so that the resistance of the plate blade rudder consumes about 10.5% of the power of a main engine when the rudder angle of 0 degree is shown, and the navigational speed of the ship is reduced by about 3.5%.

It is noted that the ship mostly has a straight-ahead running state under a rudder angle of 0 degree when sailing, and particularly, an ocean-going ship basically does not need to be steered, and at this time, if the rudder is moved away from the fluid thrust pipe, the resistance of the rudder is reduced, the sailing speed is increased, and the energy consumption is saved.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model mainly aims at providing a rudder system which can rotate around double shafts;

another object of the present invention is to provide a ship constructed by using a rudder system capable of rotating about two axes.

For realizing the utility model discloses a main objective, the utility model provides a can include the rudder axle of vertical setting and fix around biax pivoted rudder system the rudder blade of rudder axle lower extreme, first steering wheel are controlled the rudder axle and are rotated around self axis. The rudder shaft comprises an upper section shaft and a lower section shaft, the upper section shaft is hinged with the lower section shaft through a rotating shaft, the lower section shaft rotates around the axis of the rotating shaft, and the axis of the rotating shaft is vertical to the axis of the rudder shaft.

According to the above technical scheme, in the rudder system of the present invention, the rudder blade can rotate around the rudder shaft as in the prior art, and can also rotate around the rotation shaft, so that the rudder blade is called as rotatable around the double shafts. The rudder shaft is designed into an upper section and a lower section, the lower section can rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft, when the axes of the two sections of shafts are positioned in the same straight line state, the rudder shaft is completely the same as the prior art, when only 0-degree rudder angle is needed for long-time navigation, the lower section shaft can rotate for an angle relative to the upper section shaft, so that the plate blade rudder rotates and rises towards the stern, and part or all of the plate blade rudder leaves a fluid thrust pipe area to reduce the resistance of the plate blade rudder shaft, thereby achieving the purpose of saving energy.

The further scheme is that the rotation angle of the lower section shaft relative to the upper section shaft is between 0 degree and 90 degrees. The turning angle can be controlled by rotating according to specific requirements during navigation.

A further solution is to include a locking mechanism to fix the corner at any angle. The locking mechanism can fix the rotation angle of the lower section shaft relative to the upper section shaft.

The further proposal is that the device also comprises a second steering engine and a transmission device, and the second steering engine is connected with the lower section shaft through the transmission device.

One proposal is that the transmission device adopts a reduction box or a hydraulic oil cylinder system.

Yet another solution is that the transmission employs a transmission chain.

Yet another solution is that the transmission is a cable.

In order to achieve another object of the present invention, the present invention provides a ship including the rudder system capable of rotating around two shafts in any one of the above-mentioned aspects.

The further proposal is that the stern part is provided with an inwards concave rudder blade accommodating area. When the corner A is 90 degrees, the rudder blade has part to enter the stern ship body, and the arrangement of the rudder blade accommodating area which is concave in the scheme can avoid the obstruction of the stern to the turning-over of the rudder blade.

A further solution is that the stern or/and the bow is provided with a side thruster. When the turning angle is in a straight-ahead state of 90 degrees, if the course needs to be corrected by a small angle, the scheme can select the side-pushing device workpiece to correct the course according to the requirement.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a rudder system capable of rotating around two axes;

FIG. 2 is a view of the blade of FIG. 1 from the stern toward the bow;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the first embodiment of the rudder system capable of rotating around two axes according to the present invention after rotating around the second axis by 90 degrees;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a table 1 of experimental records of a real ship in the case of rudder of Tianchi No. 5 ship;

fig. 6 is a table 2 of experimental records of a real ship under the situation that no-rudder ship 5 skyscraper is available.

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

The other parts and structures of the ship except the rudder system of the utility model are the same as the prior art, the technical personnel in the field can be implemented according to the prior art, the following difference between the rudder system structure which can rotate around the double shafts and the prior art is mainly explained, and the embodiment of the ship is not independently explained.

First embodiment of rudder system capable of rotating around double shafts

Referring to fig. 1, which is a simplified diagram of the operation principle of the present embodiment, the first steering engine and the second steering engine are omitted, and the omitted structures are all the parts that can be implemented by those skilled in the art according to the prior art and according to the description of the present invention, and the structures that make particular contribution to the prior art of the present invention are only shown in the drawing.

A first steering engine of the rudder system controls a rudder shaft 1 to rotate around the axis of the rudder shaft 1, the rudder shaft 1 is divided into an upper section shaft 11 and a lower section shaft 12, the upper section shaft 11 and the lower section shaft 12 are hinged through a rotating shaft 13, a second steering engine is connected with the lower section shaft 12 through a cable 21 serving as a transmission device and a plate vane rudder 2 so as to control the lower section shaft 12 to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft 13 relative to the axis of the rotating shaft 13, the rotating angle of the lower section shaft 12 in the figure 1 is 0 degree, namely the first limit position of the plate vane rudder 2 shown by a solid line, when the plate vane rudder 2 is located at a second limit position shown by a dotted line, the rotating angle is 90 degrees, and most parts of the plate vane rudder 2 enter a concave rudder blade accommodating area 3. The cables 21 are only schematically shown in fig. 1, and there are actually two cables for pulling the plate rudder 2 from the first extreme position to the second extreme position and from the second extreme position to the first extreme position, respectively, and a plurality of pulleys are provided for guiding according to the actual shape of the rudder nacelle. For a small ship, the rotation angle of the lower section shaft 12 relative to the upper section shaft 11 can be controlled and locked by the second steering engine, and a locking mechanism of the rotation angle can be arranged in the rudder system to reduce the load of the second steering engine.

Second embodiment of rudder system capable of rotating around double shafts

The difference between the present example and the previous example is that the transmission device adopts a transmission chain and a plurality of chain wheels.

Third embodiment of rudder system capable of rotating around two shafts

The difference between the two previous examples is that the transmission device adopts a reduction gearbox, a platform frame of a second steering engine is fixed on the upper section shaft 11, the second steering engine and the reduction gearbox are both arranged on the platform frame, the second steering engine is connected with the reduction gearbox, and an output gear of the reduction gearbox is meshed with a gear which is fixed at the top end of the lower section shaft 12 and is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft 13. Therefore, the second steering engine is connected with the lower section shaft 12 through the reduction gearbox, so that the lower section shaft 12 can rotate between the first limit position and the second limit position and is locked at the position of a specified rotation angle. According to the requirement, the first steering engine can be forbidden to work when the rotating angle of the lower-stage shaft 12 is not 0 degree through program control.

Fourth embodiment of rudder system capable of rotating around double shafts

Referring to fig. 4, this example differs from the third embodiment in that the transmission is a hydraulic ram system, with one end of the hydraulic ram 22 being hinged to the hull and the other end being hinged to the rudder blade. In fig. 4 the hydraulic ram 22 is in a retracted state and has pulled the leaf rudder to a second extreme position, and when the hydraulic ram 22 is in an extended state the leaf rudder 2 can be pushed to the first extreme position.

Other embodiments

To the utility model discloses the embodiment of ship, if large-scale cargo ship, current design disposes bow sidestep device and/or stern sidestep device more, then is favorable to more the utility model discloses can wind the implementation of biax pivoted rudder system, adopt the utility model discloses a behind the rudder system, usable sidestep device revises the course of straight navigation in-process ship.

The utility model discloses a main design minimize the projected area of the board vane rudder in fluid thrust pipe cross section when directly navigating to reduce the resistance that the board vane rudder produced relatively. The optimal resistance state is that the plate blade rudder 2 is rotationally fixed in the second extreme position shown in fig. 3, at which point the plate blade rudder 2 has been rotated completely out of the fluid thrust tube, so that the projected surface in the cross section of the fluid thrust tube, i.e. the tip circle of the paddle, is zero. The stern section line or the internal structure of the ship restricts, if the corner of the second extreme position can not reach 90 degrees, for example 45 degrees, the projection plane of the plate vane rudder in the tip circle can not be zero, but still can be smaller than the projection plane when the corner is 0 degrees, and the energy-saving purpose of the utility model can be realized.

According to the utility model discloses, carried out the real ship experiment to sky pond No. 5 ship, the experimental method as follows, demolish the former board rudder of sky pond No. 5 ship earlier, in view of safety, installed the stern outboard motor of a liftable and used when needing the rudder, rely on the stern outboard motor to sail into spacious waters with sky pond No. 5, rise the stern outboard motor after reacing this test waters, be equivalent to the utility model discloses a board blade rudder is located second extreme position, carries out the speed of a ship test, and the result is seen fig. 6.

And then the original plate vane rudder of the Tianchi No. 5 is installed back and driven into the same open water area for carrying out the speed test, and the test result is shown in figure 5.

By combining the experimental results of fig. 5 and fig. 6, the following conclusions can be drawn:

first, the maximum speed of the main engine increases by about: 1.3 percent. The maximum rotating speed of the Tianchi No. 5 host with the plate vane rudder is 1242rpm, and the maximum rotating speed of the Tianchi No. 5 host without the vane is 1258.75rpm, namely: the maximum speed of the main engine is increased by about 1.3%.

And secondly, the highest navigational speed ratio of the Tianchi No. 5 ship without the rudder is improved by about 5.4 percent when the rudder exists. The highest navigational speed of the Tianchi No. 5 ship with the plate vane rudder is 6.9Kn, and the highest navigational speed of the Tianchi No. 5 ship without the vane rudder is 7.3Kn, namely: the maximum speed of the Tianchi No. 5 ship is improved by about 5.4 percent.

Claims (10)

1. The rudder system capable of rotating around the double shafts comprises a rudder shaft arranged vertically and a rudder blade fixed at the lower end of the rudder shaft, and the first steering engine controls the rudder shaft to rotate around the axis of the first steering engine;

the method is characterized in that:

the rudder shaft comprises an upper section shaft and a lower section shaft;

the upper section shaft is hinged with the lower section shaft through a rotating shaft, and the lower section shaft can rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft;

the axis of the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the rudder shaft.

2. Rudder system rotatable about two axes according to claim 1, characterised in that:

the rotation angle of the lower section shaft relative to the upper section shaft is between 0 degree and 90 degrees.

3. Rudder system rotatable about two axes according to claim 2, characterised in that:

and the locking mechanism is used for fixing the corner at any angle.

4. Rudder system rotatable about two axes according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that:

the device also comprises a second steering engine and a transmission device;

and the second steering engine is connected with the lower section shaft through the transmission device.

5. Rudder system with two-axis rotation according to claim 4, wherein:

the transmission device is a reduction gearbox or a hydraulic oil cylinder system.

6. Rudder system with two-axis rotation according to claim 4, wherein:

the transmission device is a transmission chain.

7. Rudder system with two-axis rotation according to claim 4, wherein:

the transmission device is a cable.

8. The ship, its characterized in that:

comprising a rudder system rotatable about two axes according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The vessel according to claim 8, wherein:

the stern part is provided with an inwards concave rudder blade accommodating area.

10. A ship as claimed in claim 8 or 9, characterized in that:

the stern part or/and the bow part is/are provided with a side thrust device.

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